Electrochromic diaphragm and end product

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an electrochromic film and a terminal product, wherein the electrochromic film comprises: a film body, a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the outer edge of the film body; a plurality of bus bars are sequentially arranged on the outer edge of the film body, the adjacent bus bars are fixed by welding, and the bus bars on the same side of the outer edge of the film body are connected and conducted with the electrodes; wherein the welding area between the adjacent bus bars comprises a plurality of welding spots, and the welding spot is one or a combination of a plurality of spiral structures, circular ring structures and solid circular structures. The electrochromic film and the terminal product provided by the embodiment of the application adopt a plurality of bus bars for welding, can be welded in multiple sections, do not need to be manually bent, are beneficial to automatic production, and improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electrochromic technology, and particularly relates to an electrochromic film and its end product. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromic films are smart films that can change their optical properties (such as color or transparency) when a voltage is applied. At their core is an electrochromic material, flanked by conductive layers and a substrate layer. During operation, a small voltage drives ions to insert into / extract from the electrochromic material, causing changes in its chemical structure and thus altering its light absorption rate, achieving reversible adjustment from transparent to dark. This technology is primarily used in smart windows, anti-glare rearview mirrors, and aircraft windows, offering advantages such as low power consumption and high visual comfort.

[0003] In existing technologies, electrochromic diaphragms typically have several electrodes arranged along their edges. Currently, copper foil is commonly used as the material for the busbars. This requires wrapping a straight strip of copper foil around the edge of the diaphragm to connect to multiple electrodes. However, since diaphragms usually have corners, the busbars need to bend the copper foil to fit the shape of the corners. This setup requires skilled operators and must be done manually, which is not conducive to automated production and affects production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an electrochromic film and a terminal product to solve the technical problem of low efficiency in the existing busbar setting method of electrochromic films.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electrochromic film, comprising:

[0006] A diaphragm body, wherein multiple electrodes are disposed on the outer edge of the diaphragm body;

[0007] Multiple busbars are sequentially disposed on the outer edge of the diaphragm body, and adjacent busbars are welded and fixed together. The busbars located on the same side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body are connected to the electrode.

[0008] The welding area between adjacent busbars includes multiple weld points, which are one or a combination of spiral, annular, and solid circular structures.

[0009] The above technical solution utilizes multiple busbars for welding, allowing for multi-segment welding without manual bending, thus adapting to various diaphragm structures. Adjacent busbars are fixed by welding, including multiple weld points (multi-point welding). Even if individual weld points are weak, the overall connection strength remains unaffected, resulting in a more stable structure. The use of special weld point structures such as spiral and annular shapes significantly increases the welding area and mechanical strength, reduces resistance, and ensures reliable connections between each busbar. Furthermore, circular and spiral weld points exhibit excellent pull-out force. Each busbar only needs to be flatly attached to one side of the diaphragm edge, greatly reducing reliance on manual skills, facilitating automated operation, and thereby improving production efficiency.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plurality of weld points are arranged in an array. Especially in critical stress areas such as diaphragm corners, the arrayed weld points can distribute concentrated stress more evenly throughout the welding area, avoiding stress concentration at a single point that could cause the busbar to warp or tear, and enhancing the mechanical stability of the weld between busbars.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of solder joints are arranged sequentially to form a strip structure, a circular structure, or a square structure. Different array shapes can be selected to enable precise automated production of the welding scheme. By using appropriate welding patterns in suitable locations, the performance, lifespan, and production efficiency of the electrochromic device are ultimately improved.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the solder joint is a spiral or annular structure, the inner diameter of the solder joint is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm. The solder joint can effectively form a pre-designed spiral or annular structure, thereby playing its role in dispersing stress and uniformly conducting electricity. This avoids material damage and manufacturing defects caused by excessive concentration of processing energy, greatly improving the yield and consistency of production.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the solder joint is 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. Solder joints that are too small have insufficient bonding strength and are prone to cracking and failure under mechanical stress. Solder joints that are too large require more energy, which may lead to overheating, oxidation, or even damage to the electrochromic functional layer of the busbar. Within the limited edge area of ​​the diaphragm, reasonable control of the solder joint size allows for greater flexibility in array arrangement.

[0014] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent solder joints is greater than 0.5 mm. The strength of a busbar (especially a metal foil) comes from the continuity of the material. If the solder joints are too close together, it will severely weaken the mechanical strength of the busbar, making it prone to cracking or even breakage between the solder joints. Maintaining a spacing greater than 0.5 mm ensures that the busbar itself still has sufficient undamaged material between the solder joints to withstand tensile forces.

[0015] In some embodiments, the diaphragm body has corners, and corner electrodes are provided at these corners. The plurality of busbars include contoured busbars, which are contoured structures of the corners and at least partially cover the corner electrodes. Using busbars that contour to the corners allows for a better fit to the diaphragm corners, eliminating the need for manual bending and improving production efficiency.

[0016] In some embodiments, the membrane body includes an adjacent first membrane edge and a second membrane edge, the first membrane edge and the second membrane edge intersect to form the corner, and the plurality of busbars further include a first busbar and a second busbar, the first busbar being disposed on the first membrane edge and the second busbar being disposed on the second membrane edge;

[0017] The contoured busbar forms identical welding areas at both ends with the first and second busbars, respectively. Because the welding areas at both ends of the contoured busbar are structurally identical, automated production equipment can complete the welding of all connection points simply by following the same welding process parameters. This greatly simplifies equipment programming and process control, and helps improve production efficiency and yield.

[0018] In some embodiments, the projection of the solder joint in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body is located on the corner electrode. The welding area between the busbars is located at the corner electrode. Due to the reliable solder joint structure design between the busbars, the welding strength between the busbars is guaranteed. The contoured busbars can be set relatively short. Therefore, the overlap area between the contoured busbars and the busbars on the membrane edge is located at the corner electrode. The overlap area between the nickel sheet and the copper foil is short, which can ensure high structural strength.

[0019] In some embodiments, the projection of the solder joint in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body is located on the first membrane edge and / or the second membrane edge. This enhances structural strength by making the two ends of the contoured busbar at the corner relatively long, thus spanning the corner electrode, and stacking and welding the busbars on the first and second membrane edges.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plurality of busbars includes a plurality of positive busbars and a plurality of negative busbars. The plurality of positive busbars are disposed on one side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body, and the plurality of negative busbars are disposed on the other side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body. The welding areas between the plurality of positive busbars and the welding areas between the plurality of negative busbars coincide or are staggered in projection along the thickness direction of the diaphragm body. When the welding points of the positive and negative busbars are precisely located at the same position along the thickness direction of the diaphragm, the electric field distribution formed inside the diaphragm is highly symmetrical in the horizontal direction, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the diaphragm. The staggered welding area design helps to reduce the thickness of the diaphragm body and facilitates subsequent lamination.

[0021] In some embodiments, the membrane body includes a first base layer, a first conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base layer stacked sequentially.

[0022] The edge region on one side of the membrane body has a plurality of first grooves, the first grooves penetrating the first base layer, the first conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and exposing a portion of the second conductive layer to form a plurality of first electrodes;

[0023] Multiple second grooves are formed on the edge region of the other side of the membrane body. The second grooves penetrate the second substrate layer, the second conductive layer, and the electrochromic layer, exposing a portion of the first conductive layer to form multiple second electrodes. By integrating the first electrode and the second electrode on the two sides of the membrane respectively, the resistance can be effectively reduced, and the staggered arrangement of the electrodes makes the electric field distribution more uniform, avoiding uneven color change.

[0024] In other embodiments, a plurality of first grooves are formed on one side edge of the diaphragm body, the first grooves penetrating the first base layer and exposing a portion of the first conductive layer to form a plurality of first electrodes;

[0025] Multiple second grooves are formed on the edge region of the other side of the diaphragm body. These second grooves penetrate the second substrate layer and expose a portion of the second conductive layer to form multiple second electrodes. The grooves only penetrate the substrate layer to expose the underlying conductive layer, without damaging the electrochromic layer or the conductive layer on the other side. This greatly avoids the risk of short circuits or performance damage to the active layer during processing, improving product yield and long-term reliability.

[0026] In some embodiments, a first adhesive layer is applied to the busbar located on one side of the diaphragm body. The side of the first adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the first substrate layer, and the side of the first adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the second conductive layer or the first conductive layer. A second adhesive layer is applied to the busbar located on the other side of the diaphragm body. The side of the second adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the first substrate layer, and the side of the second adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the first conductive layer or the second conductive layer. By covering the busbar with an adhesive layer, with the side of the adhesive layer near the center of the electrochromic film connected to the substrate layer (attached to the substrate layer), and the side of the adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic film connected to the conductive layer, the adhesive layer can limit and fix the busbar corresponding to the groove, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the busbar and the conductive layer in the groove. That is, the adhesive layer can further improve the stability of the busbar at the edge of the electrochromic film. Moreover, the adhesive layer forms an insulating barrier layer on the surface of the busbar, which can prevent polyvinyl butyral from entering the electrochromic film through the groove during the subsequent lamination process and reacting with the electrochromic material layer. At the same time, it can also prevent external moisture, dust or other conductive substances from entering the interior of the electrochromic film through the groove.

[0027] In some embodiments, a first adhesive layer is applied to the busbar on one side of the diaphragm body, and the side of the first adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the first base layer. A second adhesive layer is applied to the busbar on the other side of the diaphragm body, and the side of the second adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the second base layer. Both the first and second adhesive layers extend outward to cover the edge of the diaphragm body. Thus, the adhesive layers extend outward to the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm and bond together. This design better prevents moisture and dust from entering the interior of the electrochromic diaphragm, thereby protecting the edge of the diaphragm.

[0028] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a terminal product, such as the electrochromic film described in the first aspect, wherein the terminal product is selected from any one of rearview mirrors, curtain walls, car sunroofs, car side windows, car windshields, housings of electronic products, eyeglasses, vehicles, and display panels.

[0029] The terminal product provided in this application embodiment includes the electrochromic film described in the first aspect, and therefore possesses all the beneficial effects described in the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Three structural diagrams of a single solder joint;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an array of multiple solder joints;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure formed by multiple solder joints Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure formed by multiple solder joints Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure formed by multiple solder joints Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the electrochromic film structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the electrochromic film shown;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the electrochromic film structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the electrochromic film shown;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive layer arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive layer arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive layer arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0049] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the adhesive layer arrangement of the electrochromic film provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 .

[0050] The attached icon numbers are as follows:

[0051] 10. Membrane body; 11. First substrate layer; 12. First conductive layer; 13. Electrochromic layer; 14. Second conductive layer; 15. Second substrate layer; 100. Corner; 101. First membrane edge; 102. Second membrane edge; 103. First groove; 104. Second groove; 105. First electrode; 106. Second electrode;

[0052] 20. Busbar; 21. First busbar; 22. Second busbar; 23. Positive busbar; 231. First positive busbar; 232. Second positive busbar; 233. First connecting busbar; 24. Negative busbar; 241. First negative busbar; 242. Second negative busbar; 243. Second connecting busbar; 200. Contouring busbar;

[0053] 30. Solder joint;

[0054] 40. First adhesive layer; 41. Second adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0055] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the embodiments of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0056] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification of embodiments of this application and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0057] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0058] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0059] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] In the description of embodiments in this application, references to "some embodiments" or "some embodiments" mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in some embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" refers to two or more.

[0061] The first aspect of this application provides an electrochromic film, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the electrochromic membrane includes a membrane body 10 and a plurality of busbars 20 disposed on the outer edge of the membrane body 10;

[0062] Multiple electrodes are disposed on the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10;

[0063] Multiple busbars 20 are sequentially arranged on the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10, and adjacent busbars 20 are welded and fixed together. The busbars 20 located on the same side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10 are connected to multiple electrodes on that side.

[0064] The welding area between adjacent busbars 20 includes multiple weld points 30, which are one or a combination of spiral, annular, and solid circular structures.

[0065] The electrochromic diaphragm provided in this embodiment uses multiple busbars 20 welded together, allowing for multi-segment welding without manual bending to adapt to various diaphragm structures. This significantly reduces reliance on human skills, facilitates automated operation, and improves production efficiency. The connections between adjacent busbars 20 are fixed by welding, with the welding area including multiple weld points 30. Even if individual weld points 30 are not fully welded, the overall connection strength will not be affected, resulting in a more stable structure. The use of special weld point structures such as spiral and annular shapes significantly increases the welding area and mechanical strength, reduces resistance, ensures reliable connections between each busbar 20, and exhibits excellent pull-out force performance for both circular and spiral weld points 30.

[0066] In applications, such as Figure 3As shown, the weld point 30 can be one or a combination of spiral, annular, and solid circular structures. That is, a single weld point 30 can be one of these structures, while multiple weld points 30 in the welding areas of two adjacent busbars 20 can include at least one of these structures. The advantage of using a spiral weld point 30 is its excellent mechanical stress dispersion capability. The spiral path effectively counteracts concentrated shear forces generated at the connection point due to thermal expansion and contraction or external stress, preventing cracking of the weld point 30 and greatly improving the pull-out force performance and long-term reliability of the weld point. The advantage of using an annular weld point 30 is that it can achieve uniform current distribution and stable mechanical connection. The closed annular structure provides a symmetrical, low-impedance flow path for current, avoiding local overheating. Simultaneously, its uniform welding interface provides consistent bonding force and better sealing, effectively preventing moisture intrusion from the connection point. The advantage of using a solid circular weld point 30 is its simple and fast process and high connection strength. It is easy to process and can form a strong metallurgical bond within a minimal area, providing high mechanical tensile strength, making it ideal for applications requiring robust connections. Furthermore, during welding, the same electrochromic film can use weld points with the same structure, such as all spiral weld points or all annular weld points. This facilitates standardized welding processes, improves work efficiency, and simplifies the manufacturing process.

[0067] In application, the busbars 20 located on the same side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10 are connected to the electrodes. That is, multiple busbars 20 are respectively arranged on both sides of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10, and multiple electrodes are also respectively arranged on both sides of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10. The busbars 20 located on the same side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10 are connected to the multiple electrodes on this side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10.

[0068] In applications, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple electrodes are disposed on the outer edge of the membrane body 10. Specifically, multiple first electrodes 105 are disposed on the outer edge of one side of the membrane body, and multiple second electrodes 106 are disposed on the outer edge of the other side of the membrane body, wherein the first electrodes 105 and the second electrodes 106 are electrodes with opposite polarities. That is, the first electrode 105 can be a negative electrode and the second electrode 106 can be a positive electrode, or the first electrode 105 can be a positive electrode and the second electrode 106 can be a negative electrode.

[0069] It should be noted that the welding area between adjacent busbars 20 refers to the interface structure formed at the overlap of two adjacent busbars in order to achieve reliable electrical and mechanical connection in the design of multiple busbars 20. It is composed of an array of weld points with a specific geometric shape.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, multiple solder points 30 are arranged in an array. Individual solder points 30 may have defects such as incomplete soldering or cracks. The array of solder points 30 establishes parallel mechanical and electrical connection paths. Even if a single solder point 30 fails, the other solder points 30 can still maintain the connection, significantly improving the fault tolerance and long-term reliability of the entire welding area. The parallel operation of multiple solder points 30 greatly increases the effective conductive cross-sectional area between the busbars. This effectively reduces contact resistance at the connection points, reduces heat generation during operation, and improves the electrical performance and service life of the entire busbar circuit.

[0071] In applications, especially in critical stress areas such as diaphragm corners, the array of weld points 30 can distribute concentrated stress more evenly throughout the welding area, avoiding stress concentration at a single point that could cause the busbar to warp or tear, and enhancing the mechanical stability of the welding between the busbars 20.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, multiple solder joints are arranged sequentially to form a strip structure, a circular structure, or a square structure. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the strip structure is suitable for connecting busbars on the membrane edge of the diaphragm body, providing a continuous and uniform current path and mechanical fixing line, effectively reducing overall resistance. Stress is distributed along a line, preventing the busbar from warping or peeling along its length. For automated welding equipment, welding a straight array is highly efficient and fast. Figure 7 As shown, a square structure allows for a dense distribution of weld points on a single plane, maximizing the welding area and thus providing the strongest mechanical connection and lowest contact resistance. This is well-suited for high-precision spot welding equipment, which is simple to program and offers high machining accuracy. Figure 8 As shown, a circle is an isotropic shape that can uniformly distribute tensile, shear, or thermal stresses from any direction of the busbar in all directions, greatly enhancing the fatigue resistance and stability of the connection point. It is particularly suitable for corners of diaphragms or current collection points.

[0073] In applications, multiple solder joints in the welding area can be designed with different array shapes, enabling precise automated production of the welding scheme. By using appropriate welding patterns in suitable locations, the performance, lifespan, and production efficiency of electrochromic devices can ultimately be improved.

[0074] In some embodiments, when the solder joint has a spiral or annular structure, the inner diameter of the solder joint is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm. In specific embodiments, the inner diameter of the solder joint can be any value within the range of 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm, such as 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, or 0.8 mm. Controlling the inner diameter of the solder joint within this range allows it to effectively form a pre-designed spiral or annular structure, thereby achieving its function of stress dispersion and uniform conductivity. This avoids material damage and manufacturing defects caused by excessive concentration of processing energy, greatly improving the yield and consistency of production.

[0075] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the solder joint is 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. In specific embodiments, the outer diameter of the solder joint can also be any value within the range of 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, etc. Solder joints that are too small have insufficient bonding strength and are prone to cracking and failure under mechanical stress. Solder joints that are too large require more energy, which may lead to overheating, oxidation, or even damage to the electrochromic functional layer of the busbar. Within the limited edge area of ​​the diaphragm, reasonable control of the solder joint size allows for greater flexibility in array arrangement.

[0076] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent solder joints is greater than 0.5 mm. The strength of a busbar (especially a metal foil) comes from the continuity of the material. If the solder joints are too dense, the laser energy will accumulate, causing the busbar to puncture. Furthermore, excessively dense solder joints will severely weaken the mechanical strength of the busbar, making it prone to cracking or even breakage between the solder joints. Maintaining a spacing greater than 0.5 mm ensures that the busbar itself has sufficient, undamaged material between the solder joints to withstand tensile forces.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the diaphragm body 10 has a corner 100, and a corner electrode is provided at the corner 100. Multiple busbars 20 include a contoured busbar 200, which is a contoured structure of the corner 100 and at least partially covers the corner electrode. Using a busbar contoured to the corner 100 allows for a better fit to the corner 100 of the diaphragm, eliminating the need for manual bending and improving production efficiency.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, the projection of the solder joint 30 in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body 10 is located on the corner electrode. The welding area between the busbars 20 is located at this corner electrode. Due to the reliable solder joint 30 structural design between the busbars 20, the welding strength between the busbars 20 is guaranteed. The contoured busbar 200 can be set relatively short. Therefore, the overlap area between the contoured busbar 200 and the busbar 20 on the membrane edge is located at the corner electrode. The short overlap area between the contoured busbar 200 and other busbars 20 can ensure high structural strength.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the membrane body 10 includes an adjacent first membrane edge 101 and a second membrane edge 102. The first membrane edge 101 and the second membrane edge 102 intersect to form a corner 100. The plurality of busbars 20 also include a first busbar 21 and a second busbar 22. The first busbar 21 is disposed on the first membrane edge 101, and the second busbar 22 is disposed on the second membrane edge 102.

[0080] The two ends of the contoured busbar 200 form identical welding areas with the first busbar 21 and the second busbar 22, respectively. Because the welding areas at both ends of the contoured busbar 200 are structurally identical, automated production equipment can complete the welding of all connection points simply by following the same welding process parameters. This greatly simplifies equipment programming and process control, and helps improve production efficiency and yield.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the projection of the weld point 30 in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body 10 is located on the first membrane edge 101 and / or the second membrane edge 102. Specifically, the contoured busbar 200 at the corner 100 is welded to the straight busbars on the two membrane edges. At this time, the weld points 30 at both ends of the contoured busbar 200 and the straight busbars can be located on the first membrane edge 101 and the second membrane edge 102. This can enhance the structural strength. By setting the two ends of the contoured busbar 200 at the corner 100 relatively long, it can cross the corner electrode, and the busbars 20 on the first membrane edge 101 and the second membrane edge 102 are stacked and welded.

[0082] In some embodiments, such as Figures 9 to 12As shown, the multiple busbars 20 include multiple positive busbars 23 and multiple negative busbars 24. The multiple positive busbars 23 are located on one side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10, and the multiple negative busbars 24 are located on the other side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body 10. The welding areas between the multiple positive busbars 23 and the welding areas between the multiple negative busbars 24 overlap or stagger in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body 10. When the welding points of the positive and negative busbars are precisely located at the same position in the thickness direction of the diaphragm, the structure has good symmetry, the welding operation is simpler and more convenient, and it is easier to locate the welding points of the diaphragm. The staggered welding area design helps to reduce the thickness of the diaphragm body and avoids cracking during subsequent glass lamination.

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the plurality of positive electrode busbars 23 include a first positive electrode busbar 231, a second positive electrode busbar 232, and a first connecting busbar 233. The first positive electrode busbar 231 and the second positive electrode busbar 232 are disposed on the outer edge of one side of the diaphragm body 10 and are connected to the positive electrode on one side of the diaphragm body 10 for conduction. The two ends of the first connecting busbar 233 are respectively welded and fixed to the first positive electrode busbar 231 and the second positive electrode busbar 232.

[0084] Multiple negative electrode busbars 24 include a first negative electrode busbar 241, a second negative electrode busbar 242, and a second connecting busbar 243. The first negative electrode busbar 241 and the second negative electrode busbar 242 are located on the outer edge of the other side of the diaphragm body 10 and are connected to the negative electrode on the other side of the diaphragm body 10 for conduction. The two ends of the second connecting busbar 243 are welded and fixed to the first negative electrode busbar 241 and the second negative electrode busbar 242, respectively. During production, these standard parts can be mounted and welded by automated equipment, completely eliminating the reliance on skilled workers to manually bend copper foil, laying the foundation for high-speed, large-scale automated production. The positive and negative electrode circuits are physically completely separated and located on opposite sides of the diaphragm. This naturally results in the projection of the welding area between the positive and negative electrodes in the thickness direction being staggered, greatly increasing the creepage distance and fundamentally avoiding the risk of short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes due to misalignment or diaphragm defects, significantly improving production yield and product reliability. Furthermore, the first connecting busbar 233 and the second connecting busbar 243 can be used as independent corner connectors, and their shapes can be customized to a preset shape to fit the corner of the diaphragm.

[0085] In applications, the first positive busbar 231, the second positive busbar 232, the first negative busbar 241, and the second negative busbar 242 are made of copper foil, while the contoured busbar 200, the first connecting busbar 233, and the second connecting busbar 243 can be made of nickel sheets. Copper has high conductivity. When used in the main busbars for long-distance current transmission, it minimizes line resistance, reduces voltage drop and heat generation, and ensures efficient distribution of electrical energy to all electrodes of the diaphragm. This is fundamental to ensuring a fast and uniform response in electrochromic devices. Nickel has good mechanical strength, hardness, and tensile strength. Using it in corner connectors improves structural stability and fatigue resistance. Corners are stress concentration areas; nickel sheet connectors are less prone to deformation, warping, or breakage due to vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, or installation stress, greatly improving the long-term mechanical reliability of the connection points.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 13 As shown, the membrane body 10 includes a first base layer 11, a first conductive layer 12, an electrochromic layer 13, a second conductive layer 14, and a second base layer 15 stacked sequentially.

[0087] A plurality of first grooves 103 are formed on one side edge region of the diaphragm body 10. The first grooves 103 penetrate the first base layer 11, the first conductive layer 12, the electrochromic layer 13, and the exposed portion of the second conductive layer 14 to form a plurality of first electrodes 105.

[0088] On the other side of the membrane body 10, a plurality of second grooves 104 are formed at the edge region. The second grooves 104 penetrate the second substrate layer 15, the second conductive layer 14, the electrochromic layer 13, and expose a portion of the first conductive layer 12 to form a plurality of second electrodes 106. By integrating the first electrode 105 and the second electrode 106 on the two sides of the membrane, the resistance can be effectively reduced. The staggered arrangement of the electrodes makes the electric field distribution more uniform and avoids uneven color change.

[0089] In other embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, a plurality of first grooves 103 are provided on the edge region of one side of the diaphragm body 10. The first grooves 103 penetrate the first base layer 11 to expose a portion of the first conductive layer 12 to form a plurality of first electrodes 105.

[0090] Multiple second grooves 104 are formed on the edge region of the other side of the diaphragm body 10. The second grooves 104 penetrate the second substrate layer 15 and expose a portion of the second conductive layer 14 to form multiple second electrodes 106. The grooves only penetrate the substrate layer to expose the underlying conductive layer, without damaging the electrochromic layer 13 and the conductive layer on the other side. This greatly avoids the risk of short circuits or performance damage to the active layer during processing, improving product yield and long-term reliability.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 15As shown, a first groove 103 and a second groove 104 are respectively formed on both sides of the diaphragm body 10, and a first electrode 105 and a second electrode 106 are formed on the outer edges of both sides of the diaphragm body 10. A busbar 20 located on one side of the diaphragm body 10 connects to multiple first electrodes 105, and a busbar 20 located on the other side of the diaphragm body 10 connects to multiple second electrodes 106, with adjacent busbars 20 overlapping. A first adhesive layer 40 and a second adhesive layer 41 are covered on the busbar 20. The first adhesive layer 40 extends from the middle of the diaphragm body 10 to the edge and is bonded to the second adhesive layer 41 on the opposite side, forming a Y-shaped attachment. This protects the internal layer structure of the diaphragm body 10 and prevents moisture from entering.

[0092] In some embodiments, such as Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, a first adhesive layer 40 is covered on the busbar 20 on one side of the diaphragm body 10. The side of the first adhesive layer 40 near the middle of the diaphragm body 10 is connected to the first base layer 11, and the side of the first adhesive layer 40 near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the second conductive layer 14 or the first conductive layer 12. A second adhesive layer 41 is covered on the busbar 20 on the other side of the diaphragm body 10. The side of the second adhesive layer 41 near the middle of the diaphragm body 10 is connected to the first base layer 11, and the side of the second adhesive layer 41 near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the first conductive layer 12 or the second conductive layer 14. By covering the busbar with an adhesive layer, with the side of the adhesive layer near the center of the electrochromic film connected to the substrate layer (attached to the substrate layer), and the side of the adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic film connected to the conductive layer, the adhesive layer can limit and fix the busbar corresponding to the groove, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the busbar and the conductive layer in the groove. That is, the adhesive layer can further improve the stability of the busbar at the edge of the electrochromic film. Moreover, the adhesive layer forms an insulating barrier layer on the surface of the busbar, which can prevent polyvinyl butyral from entering the electrochromic film through the groove during the subsequent lamination process and reacting with the electrochromic material layer. At the same time, it can also prevent external moisture, dust or other conductive substances from entering the interior of the electrochromic film through the groove.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, a first adhesive layer 40 is applied to the busbar 20 on one side of the diaphragm body 10. The side of the first adhesive layer 40 near the middle of the diaphragm body 10 is connected to the first base layer 11. A second adhesive layer 41 is applied to the busbar 20 on the other side of the diaphragm body 10. The side of the second adhesive layer 41 near the middle of the diaphragm body 10 is connected to the second base layer 15. Both the first adhesive layer 40 and the second adhesive layer 41 extend outward to cover the edge of the diaphragm body 10. In this way, the adhesive layers extend outward to the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm and bond together with each other. This design can better prevent moisture and dust from entering the interior of the electrochromic diaphragm, thereby protecting the edge of the diaphragm.

[0094] In applications, both the first substrate layer 11 and the second substrate layer 15 are transparent substrates. The "transparent substrate" is an optically grade transparent material, specifically a flexible substrate material, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), cyclic olefin copolymers, or cellulose triacetate. The first substrate layer 11 and the second substrate layer 15 can also be glass substrates.

[0095] Both the first conductive layer 12 and the second conductive layer 14 are transparent conductive layers. The material of the "transparent conductive layer" can be any transparent conductive material well known to those skilled in the art, such as indium-tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), silver nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal meshes, or silver nanoparticles.

[0096] The electrochromic layer 13 is a sheet composed of one or more layers of gel-state or solid materials, such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) layers, suspended particle devices (SPD) layers, and electrochromic (EC) layers. For electrochromic (EC) type electrochromic layers 13, they may include sequentially stacked color-changing material layers, electrolyte layers, and ion storage layers. The materials of the color-changing material layers, electrolyte layers, and ion storage layers can be those found in the prior art, and this application does not impose any special limitations on them.

[0097] Busbar 20 can be made of conductive materials, including but not limited to conductive copper foil, conductive adhesive, and conductive resin, thereby enabling the formation of a multi-electrode structure at the edge of the dimming film and accelerating the color-changing speed of the dimming film. Busbar 20 can be made of conductive materials well known to those skilled in the art, such as at least one of conductive silver paste, conductive copper paste, conductive carbon paste, nano-silver conductive ink, copper foil, copper wire, and conductive adhesive film.

[0098] The first adhesive layer 40 and the second adhesive layer 41 can also be waterproof tape or insulating tape. Their main function is to cover and seal the edge of the membrane, thereby preventing moisture, impurities and other contaminants from entering the interior of the membrane through the groove, thus achieving the sealing and protection of the electrochromic membrane.

[0099] This application embodiment also provides a terminal product, such as the electrochromic film described in the first aspect, wherein the terminal product is selected from any one of rearview mirrors, curtain walls, car sunroofs, car side windows, car windshields, housings of electronic products, eyeglasses, vehicles, and display panels.

[0100] The terminal product provided in this application embodiment includes the electrochromic film described in the first aspect, and therefore possesses all the beneficial effects described in the first aspect.

[0101] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0102] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An electrochromic film, characterized in that, include: A diaphragm body, wherein multiple electrodes are disposed on the outer edge of the diaphragm body; Multiple busbars are sequentially disposed on the outer edge of the diaphragm body, and adjacent busbars are welded and fixed together. The busbars located on the same side of the outer edge of the diaphragm body are connected to the electrode. The welding area between adjacent busbars includes multiple weld points, which are one or a combination of spiral, annular, and solid circular structures.

2. The electrochromic film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of said solder joints are arranged in an array; and / or, Multiple weld points are arranged sequentially to form a strip structure, a circular structure, or a square structure.

3. The electrochromic film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the weld joint has a spiral or annular structure, the inner diameter of the weld joint is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm; and / or, The outer diameter of the weld joint is 0.5mm to 1.2mm; and / or, The distance between two adjacent solder joints is greater than 0.5 mm.

4. The electrochromic film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm body has corners, and corner electrodes are provided at the corners. The plurality of busbars include contoured busbars, which are contoured structures of the corners and at least partially cover the corner electrodes.

5. The electrochromic film as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The diaphragm body includes an adjacent first membrane edge and a second membrane edge, the first membrane edge and the second membrane edge intersect to form the corner, and the plurality of busbars also include a first busbar and a second busbar, the first busbar being disposed on the first membrane edge and the second busbar being disposed on the second membrane edge; The two ends of the contoured busbar form welding areas with the same structure between them and the first busbar and the second busbar, respectively.

6. The electrochromic film as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The projection of the solder joint in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body is located on the corner electrode; or, The projection of the solder joint in the thickness direction of the diaphragm body is located on the first diaphragm edge and / or the second diaphragm edge.

7. The electrochromic film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of busbars includes a plurality of positive busbars and a plurality of negative busbars. The plurality of positive busbars are disposed on one side of the outer edge of the membrane body, and the plurality of negative busbars are disposed on the other side of the outer edge of the membrane body. The welding areas between the plurality of positive busbars and the welding areas between the plurality of negative busbars are either coincident or staggered in the projection of the membrane body in the thickness direction.

8. The electrochromic film as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane body comprises a first base layer, a first conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base layer, which are stacked sequentially. The edge region on one side of the diaphragm body has a plurality of first grooves, the first grooves penetrating the first base layer, the first conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and exposing a portion of the second conductive layer to form a plurality of first electrodes; A plurality of second grooves are formed on the edge region of the other side of the diaphragm body. The second grooves penetrate the second substrate layer, the second conductive layer, and the electrochromic layer, exposing a portion of the first conductive layer to form a plurality of second electrodes; or... The edge region on one side of the diaphragm body is provided with a plurality of first grooves, and the first grooves penetrate the first substrate layer to expose a portion of the first conductive layer to form a plurality of first electrodes; A plurality of second grooves are formed on the edge region of the other side of the diaphragm body. The second grooves penetrate the second base layer and expose a portion of the second conductive layer to form a plurality of second electrodes.

9. The electrochromic film as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A first adhesive layer is applied to the busbar located on one side of the diaphragm body. The side of the first adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the first base layer, and the side of the first adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the second conductive layer or the first conductive layer. A second adhesive layer is applied to the busbar located on the other side of the diaphragm body. The side of the second adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body is connected to the first base layer, and the side of the second adhesive layer near the edge of the electrochromic diaphragm is connected to the first conductive layer or the second conductive layer. Alternatively, a first adhesive layer is applied to the busbar on one side of the diaphragm body, with the side of the first adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body connected to the first base layer. A second adhesive layer is applied to the busbar on the other side of the diaphragm body, with the side of the second adhesive layer near the middle of the diaphragm body connected to the second base layer. Both the first and second adhesive layers extend outward to cover the edge of the diaphragm body.

10. A terminal product, characterized in that, Includes the electrochromic film as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the end product includes any one of rearview mirrors, curtain walls, car sunroofs, car side windows, car windshields, housings of electronic products, eyeglasses, vehicles, and display panels.

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