Three-wire pendulum tester
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522251680.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-24
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了弥补以上不足，本实用新型提供了一种三线摆实验仪，旨在改善现有三线摆实验仪技术中无法实现精准控制的问题
1、本实用新型中，通过电机驱动锥齿轮组传动，替代手动转动，实现转盘匀速、稳定转动，减少人为操作误差，提升实验精度；转动组件结构紧凑，动力传递高效，保证实验过程稳定；夹持组件可稳固固定待测物体，便于快速开展转动惯量等实验，整体装置操作便捷，能有效提高实验效率与数据可靠性。
Smart Images
Figure CN224841111U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of basic physics experimental instruments, and in particular to a three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the trifilar pendulum experimental apparatus is a commonly used device in physics experiments for measuring the moment of inertia of objects. With its relatively simple structure and clear principle, it is widely used in basic mechanics experiments in university physics laboratories and research institutions. It helps users calculate the moment of inertia of objects of different shapes and materials by observing the pendulum's motion, providing fundamental support for mechanics-related research and teaching. Regarding the aforementioned issues, existing trifilar pendulum experimental apparatuses typically consist of a fixed base, a suspension bracket, and a lower disk. During operation, the lower disk must be manually twisted horizontally at a certain angle, and then released to allow it to oscillate periodically under gravity. During the experiment, the user must manually control the twisting angle to ensure that the lower disk does not sway laterally, while simultaneously timing and recording the oscillation period. The moment of inertia is then calculated by combining this with parameters such as the mass of the lower disk and the length of the pendulum strings. The existing three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus has significant shortcomings. First, the current equipment relies on manual twisting of the lower disk to initiate the swing. Manual operation makes it difficult to ensure consistent twisting angles each time and easily causes additional lateral displacement of the lower disk, resulting in different initial conditions for each experiment. This directly affects the repeatability and accuracy of the experimental data. The current equipment lacks an automatic drive structure, making it impossible to achieve precise control of the swing process. When multiple experiments are required to obtain average data, manual operation is not only time-consuming but also increases data errors due to operator fatigue. The lower disk clamping structure of the current equipment is simple, mostly connected to the lower disk directly by the pendulum wire. It cannot adjust the clamping position and force according to the different sizes and shapes of the test objects, resulting in poor stability of the test objects. During the experiment, the test objects are prone to displacement, affecting the measurement results.
[0003] Therefore, a three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus, which aims to improve the problem of the inability to achieve precise control in existing three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus technology.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a three-line pendulum experimental apparatus, comprising a base, a rod fixedly connected to the top of the base, a rotating assembly provided at the top of the rod, the rotating assembly comprising a support plate fixedly connected to the top of the rod, a fixed disk fixedly connected to the end of the support plate away from the fixed disk, a motor fixedly connected to the top of the fixed disk, a bevel gear one fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a fixed plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk, a bevel gear three rotatably connected inside the fixed plate, the bevel gear three meshing with the bevel gear one, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk, a cooperating disk rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating rod, a turntable fixedly connected to the bottom of the cooperating disk, a bevel gear two fixedly connected to the top of the cooperating disk, the bevel gear two meshing with the bevel gear three, a traction rope fixedly connected to the outside of the turntable, and a clamping assembly provided at the bottom of the traction rope; As a further description of the above technical solution: The clamping assembly includes a measuring disk, a fixing block is provided on the top of the measuring disk, a fixing plate is provided at the bottom of the fixing block, a plurality of rotating rods are rotatably connected to the top of the fixing plate, a support block is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating rods, a traction column is fixedly connected inside the support block, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the end of the traction column away from the support block, and a traction shaft is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the fixing plate. As a further description of the above technical solution: The traction shaft has multiple rotating shafts inside, and the multiple rotating shafts are fixed inside the rotating rod; As a further description of the above technical solution: One end of the rotating rod is disposed inside the first bevel gear, and the other end of the rotating rod away from the first bevel gear is disposed inside the second bevel gear; As a further description of the above technical solution: The motor output end is inserted inside the fixed disk, and the cooperating disk is disposed inside the turntable; As a further description of the above technical solution: The traction rope is fixedly connected to the top of the measuring disc, which is shaped like a flattened circle. As a further description of the above technical solution: The measuring disc has multiple grooves inside, and the fixing block is slidably connected inside the grooves. As a further description of the above technical solution: The base is triangular in shape.
[0006] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, the turntable is rotated at a uniform speed and stably by means of a motor-driven bevel gear transmission, which replaces manual rotation, reduces human operation error and improves experimental accuracy; the rotating component has a compact structure and efficient power transmission, which ensures the stability of the experimental process; the clamping component can firmly fix the object to be tested, which facilitates the rapid conduct of experiments such as moment of inertia; the overall device is easy to operate and can effectively improve experimental efficiency and data reliability.
[0007] 2. In this utility model, the electric push rod drives the traction column and the traction shaft to rotate, which can flexibly adjust the position of the support block to adapt to different sizes of objects to be measured, thus solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional clamping. The fixed block and the fixed plate work together to improve the structural stability. There is no need to manually adjust repeatedly during the clamping process, making the operation convenient. It can avoid experimental errors caused by improper clamping, ensure the smooth movement of the measuring disc, and further improve the accuracy of experimental data. Attached Figure Description
[0008] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a three-line pendulum experimental apparatus proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motor structure of a three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric push rod of the three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus proposed in this utility model; Legend: 1. Base; 2. Rod; 3. Support plate; 4. Fixed disc; 5. Motor; 6. Bevel gear one; 7. Rotating rod; 8. Bevel gear two; 9. Cooperative disc; 10. Turntable; 11. Bevel gear three; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Traction rope; 14. Measuring disc; 15. Fixed block; 16. Fixed plate; 17. Rotating rod; 18. Support block; 19. Traction column; 20. Electric push rod; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Traction shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0009] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0010] Reference Figures 1-2This utility model provides an embodiment of a three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus, comprising a base 1, a rod 2 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a rotating assembly on the top of the rod 2, the rotating assembly including a support plate 3 fixedly connected to the top of the rod 2, a fixed disk 4 fixedly connected to the end of the support plate 3 away from the fixed disk 4, a motor 5 fixedly connected to the top of the fixed disk 4, a bevel gear 6 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 5, a fixed plate 12 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk 4, a bevel gear 11 rotatably connected inside the fixed plate 12, the bevel gear 11 meshing with the bevel gear 6, and a rotating rod 7 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk 4. The bottom of the rotating rod 7 is rotatably connected to the cooperating disc 9, the bottom of the cooperating disc 9 is fixedly connected to the turntable 10, the top of the cooperating disc 9 is fixedly connected to the bevel gear 2 8, the bevel gear 2 8 meshes with the bevel gear 3 11, the outside of the turntable 10 is fixedly connected to the traction rope 13, the bottom of the traction rope 13 is provided with a clamping component, the traction shaft 22 is provided with multiple rotating shafts 21, the multiple rotating shafts 21 are fixed inside the rotating rod 17, one end of the rotating rod 7 is provided inside the bevel gear 1 6, the end of the rotating rod 7 away from the bevel gear 1 6 is provided inside the bevel gear 2 8, the output end of the motor 5 is inserted into the inside of the fixed disc 4, and the cooperating disc 9 is provided inside the turntable 10.
[0011] Specifically, base 1 provides basic support for the device, and its top is fixedly connected to rod 2 to ensure that rod 2 is vertical and stable, preventing the overall device from tilting. Support plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of rod 2, which is erected at a specified height to provide a mounting carrier for rotating components. The end of support plate 3 away from fixed disk 4 is fixedly connected to fixed disk 4, and its own rigidity keeps fixed disk 4 horizontal, providing an installation reference for subsequent parts. Motor 5 is fixed to the top of fixed disk 4, and bottom fixed plate 12 and rotating rod 7 are fixed to the bottom, respectively realizing the positioning and installation of motor 5, bevel gear 11 and cooperating disk 9. After motor 5 is powered on, the output end drives bevel gear 11 to rotate around its own axis, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy as a power source to drive the transmission system. Bevel gear 11 and fixed plate 12 are fixed to the rotating rod 7. The bevel gear 11, which is rotatably connected inside plate 12, is engaged. The horizontal rotational power is transmitted to the bevel gear 11 through tooth surface transmission, causing the bevel gear 11 to rotate around its own axis. The bottom of the rotating rod 7 is rotatably connected to the cooperating disk 9, which provides vertical support for the cooperating disk 9 and allows it to rotate flexibly around the axis of the rotating rod 7, avoiding jamming. The top of the cooperating disk 9 is fixed with bevel gear 8, and the bottom is fixed with turntable 10. Bevel gear 8 is engaged with bevel gear 11 and receives the power of bevel gear 11, driving the cooperating disk 9 and turntable 10 to rotate synchronously. The outside of the turntable 10 is fixed with traction rope 13, which is kept taut when the turntable 10 rotates, providing stable support for the bottom clamping assembly and driving the clamping assembly to move in coordination, ensuring the stability of the object to be tested in the experiment.
[0012] Reference Figures 1-3The clamping assembly includes a measuring disk 14, a fixing block 15 on the top of the measuring disk 14, a fixing plate 16 at the bottom of the fixing block 15, multiple rotating rods 17 rotatably connected to the top of the fixing plate 16, a support block 18 rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating rods 17, a traction column 19 fixedly connected inside the support block 18, an electric push rod 20 fixedly connected to the end of the traction column 19 away from the support block 18, a traction shaft 22 rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod 17 away from the fixing plate 16, a traction rope 13 fixedly connected to the top of the measuring disk 14, the measuring disk 14 is flat and round, multiple sliding grooves are opened inside the measuring disk 14, the fixing block 15 is slidably connected inside the sliding grooves, and the base 1 is triangular.
[0013] Specifically, the measuring disk 14 is the basic load-bearing component of the clamping assembly. A fixing block 15 is mounted on its top, providing an installation reference for the entire clamping structure and supporting the object to be measured, ensuring the object remains horizontally stable during the experiment. The bottom of the fixing block 15 is connected to the fixing plate 16, which is rigidly fixed above the measuring disk 14, preventing displacement during clamping and ensuring the installation accuracy of subsequent transmission components. Multiple rotating rods 17 are rotatably connected to the top of the fixing plate 16, providing a fulcrum for rotation and allowing the rods 17 to rotate flexibly around the fixing plate 16, providing a structural basis for adjusting the clamping position. The bottom of the rotating rods 17 is rotatably connected to the support block 18. The rotation of the rotating rods 17 drives the support block 18 to move synchronously, enabling the support block 18 to move horizontally. The position is adjusted to accommodate objects of different sizes. The support block 18 is internally connected to the traction column 19. Through the fixed relationship between the support block 18 and the traction column 19, the power transmission of the traction column 19 is converted into its own displacement, ensuring the stability of the power transmission. The end of the traction column 19 away from the support block 18 is fixedly connected to the electric push rod 20. After the electric push rod 20 is powered on, it can extend and retract, driving the traction column 19 to move in the horizontal direction, providing a power source for clamping adjustment. The end of the rotating rod 17 away from the fixed plate 16 is rotatably connected to the traction shaft 22. The traction shaft 22 can adjust its angle with the rotation of the rotating rod 17, and at the same time help limit the movement trajectory of the rotating rod 17, preventing the rotating rod 17 from deviating during rotation, ensuring that all components of the clamping assembly work together to achieve stable clamping of objects of different sizes.
[0014] Working principle: The triangular base 1 provides a stable foundation for the device, ensuring overall stability during operation. The motor 5 is started, its output end passing through the fixed disc 4, driving bevel gear 6 to rotate. When bevel gear 6 rotates, it drives the mating bevel gear 11 to rotate within the fixed plate 12. The rotation of bevel gear 11 further drives the mating bevel gear 8 to rotate. The two ends of the rotating rod 7 are respectively located inside bevel gear 6 and bevel gear 8, providing a limiting and guiding function for the rotation of bevel gear 8. Bevel gear 8 drives the cooperating disc 9 to rotate. The cooperating disc 9 is located inside the turntable 10, synchronously driving the turntable 10 to rotate. When the turntable 10 rotates, the external traction rope 13 moves accordingly. The traction rope 13 drives the flat circular measuring plate 14 connected to the top. If it is necessary to fix the object to be measured, the electric push rod 20 is activated, which drives the traction column 19 to move. The traction column 19 drives the support block 18 to move. The movement of the support block 18 causes the rotating rod 17 to rotate. In the traction shaft 22 at the end of the rotating rod 17 away from the fixed plate 16, multiple rotating shafts 21 assist the rotating rod 17 to rotate smoothly. At the same time, the fixed block 15 slides in the groove of the measuring plate 14, which, together with the action of the rotating rod 17, achieves the clamping of the object to be measured, ensuring that the object moves stably with the measuring plate 14 during the experiment.
[0015] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A rod (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1). A rotating assembly is provided on the top of the rod (2). The rotating assembly includes a support plate (3). The support plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the rod (2). A fixed disk (4) is fixedly connected to the end of the support plate (3) away from the fixed disk (4). A motor (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed disk (4). A bevel gear (6) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (5). A fixed plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk (4). A rotating component is rotatably connected inside the fixed plate (12). A bevel gear three (11) meshes with a bevel gear one (6). A rotating rod (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disc (4). A cooperating disc (9) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating rod (7). A turntable (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cooperating disc (9). A bevel gear two (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the cooperating disc (9). The bevel gear two (8) meshes with a bevel gear three (11). A traction rope (13) is fixedly connected to the outside of the turntable (10). A clamping assembly is provided at the bottom of the traction rope (13).
2. The three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a measuring disk (14), a fixing block (15) is provided on the top of the measuring disk (14), a fixing plate (16) is provided on the bottom of the fixing block (15), a plurality of rotating rods (17) are rotatably connected to the top of the fixing plate (16), a support block (18) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating rods (17), a traction column (19) is fixedly connected inside the support block (18), an electric push rod (20) is fixedly connected to the end of the traction column (19) away from the support block (18), and a traction shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod (17) away from the fixing plate (16).
3. The three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traction shaft (22) has multiple rotating shafts (21) inside, and the multiple rotating shafts (21) are fixed inside the rotating rod (17).
4. The triple pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating rod (7) is located inside the first bevel gear (6), and the other end of the rotating rod (7) away from the first bevel gear (6) is located inside the second bevel gear (8).
5. The three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (5) is inserted inside the fixed disc (4), and the cooperating disc (9) is located inside the turntable (10).
6. The three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traction rope (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the measuring disc (14), which is arranged in a flattened oval shape.
7. The triple pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring disc (14) has multiple grooves inside, and the fixing block (15) is slidably connected inside the grooves.
8. The three-wire pendulum experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is arranged in a triangular shape.