Vacuum interrupter for a dead tank pole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber for solid seal pole, this vacuum arc extinguishing chamber for solid seal pole includes porcelain shell, movable guide rod, movable guide rod is equipped with the guide pressure hole, the inner wall of guide pressure hole is equipped with a plurality of equidistance's first pressure release hole, and is located in the porcelain shell, the outer wall of movable guide rod is equipped with electrostatic adsorption mesh enclosure, and is located at the entrance of first pressure release hole, the guide pressure hole is equipped with automatic pressure release subassembly, and automatic pressure release subassembly includes support sleeve, and the first pressure release sleeve of screw connection in it. Electrostatic adsorption mesh enclosure is based on electric arc particle charging characteristic, realizes to metal vapor particle effective capture, prevents its into first pressure release hole and causes the blockage, arc -extinguishing shan piece prolongs gas flow path, reduces high pressure gas to pressure relief piece impact, ensures the stable structure connection, and elasticity maintains normality seal, and when temperature rises, memory alloy spring softens, releases internal pressure, realizes automatic pressure release, and this structure gives consideration to sealing and emergency response, and a variety of working condition changes are adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vacuum interrupter technology, and in particular to a vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-sealed poles are formed by embedding the vacuum interrupter and related conductive parts of the circuit breaker into an easily curable solid insulating material such as epoxy resin, making the entire circuit breaker pole a single, integrated component.

[0003] Vacuum interrupters, also known as vacuum switch tubes, are core components of medium and high voltage power switches. Their main function is to quickly extinguish the arc and suppress the current after the medium and high voltage circuit is cut off by utilizing the excellent insulation of the vacuum inside the tube, thus preventing accidents and unexpected events. They are mainly used in power transmission and distribution control systems, and also in power distribution systems in metallurgy, mining, petroleum, chemical, railway, broadcasting, communications, and industrial high-frequency heating.

[0004] During operation, vacuum interrupters continuously release gas due to the influence of materials (such as metal contacts, bellows, and ceramic shells) and manufacturing processes (such as encapsulation and welding), leading to a decrease in internal vacuum and consequently affecting their insulation performance and breaking capacity. To maintain vacuum, existing technologies typically add a getter inside the interrupter to adsorb the released gas. However, this approach has the following problems: the getter occupies internal space, potentially interfering with contact movement or affecting the structural symmetry of the interrupter; the getter may mechanically detach during long-term operation, leading to poor contact between moving and stationary contacts or abnormal arcing; the getter's gas-absorbing performance decays over time, requiring periodic replacement and increasing maintenance costs; the mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients between the getter and the interrupter material may cause stress concentration in the encapsulation, reducing sealing reliability; and getter products (such as metal oxides) may deposit on the insulating surface, forming conductive paths and weakening insulation strength. Therefore, the applicant has developed a beneficial design and found a solution to the above problems. The technical solution described below arose from this background. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional vacuum interrupter design and to provide an automatic pressure relief product.

[0006] A vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed electrode includes a ceramic shell and a moving guide rod. The moving guide rod has a pressure guiding hole, and the inner wall of the pressure guiding hole has several equally spaced first pressure relief holes located inside the ceramic shell. The outer wall of the moving guide rod has an electrostatic adsorption mesh cover located at the entrance of the first pressure relief holes. The pressure guiding hole is equipped with an automatic pressure relief assembly. The automatic pressure relief assembly includes a support sleeve and a first pressure relief sleeve threadedly connected to it. The support sleeve has multiple stacked arc-extinguishing fins for extinguishing arcs and allowing gas to pass through. The first pressure relief sleeve has a liftable pressure relief column for depressurizing when the gas pressure inside the ceramic shell exceeds a threshold. The support sleeve has a second pressure relief sleeve located above the first pressure relief sleeve. An elastic element is provided between the second pressure relief sleeve and the pressure relief column, applying a downward force to the pressure relief element.

[0007] Preferably, the moving guide rod is provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole is provided with a blind hole for accommodating the support sleeve, the pressure guiding hole is provided in the blind hole, the connecting hole is provided with a moving guide connecting rod, the moving guide connecting rod is provided with a first pressure relief blind hole, and the side wall of the first pressure relief blind hole is provided with a first vent hole.

[0008] Preferably, the electrostatic adsorption mesh cover has inclined extensions at both ends that move towards the outer wall of the moving guide rod. The extensions have connecting parts parallel to the outer wall of the moving guide rod and are connected and fixed to the outer wall of the moving guide rod by welding.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the support sleeve is provided with a threaded groove and is threaded to the blind hole. An O-ring is provided between the support sleeve and the blind hole. The bottom of the support sleeve is provided with a support part, the support part is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is provided with a first operating groove for tool operation.

[0010] Preferably, a gasket is provided between adjacent arc-extinguishing plates to maintain the distance between the arc-extinguishing plates to extinguish the electric arc, and the support and the arc-extinguishing plates are provided with a plurality of equally spaced second pressure relief holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0011] Preferably, the first pressure relief sleeve is provided with a first support ring and abuts against the uppermost arc-extinguishing plate. The first pressure relief sleeve is provided with a guide hole for the pressure relief component to pass through, and the guide hole is provided with a downwardly extending guide ring.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure relief component has an abutting part that abuts against the end face of the first pressure relief sleeve, the pressure relief component has a second pressure relief blind hole, the side wall of the second pressure relief blind hole has a plurality of second vent holes, and an O-ring is provided between the pressure relief component and the guide ring, and is located above the second vent holes.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-extinguishing plate is a ceramic arc-extinguishing plate, and the elastic element is a shape memory alloy spring.

[0014] Preferably, the second pressure relief sleeve is provided with a second support ring and abuts against the first pressure relief sleeve, and the end face of the second pressure relief sleeve is provided with a plurality of third pressure relief holes.

[0015] Preferably, the first pressure relief sleeve and the second pressure relief sleeve are provided with a second operating groove for tool operation, and an O-ring is provided between the first pressure relief sleeve, the second pressure relief sleeve and the inner wall of the support sleeve. Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention utilizes an electrostatic adsorption mesh cover that, based on the charged characteristics of electric arc particles, effectively captures metal vapor particles, preventing them from entering the first pressure relief hole and avoiding blockage by metal particles. The arc-extinguishing plate, while extinguishing the remaining arc, extends the gas flow path, reducing the impact force of high-pressure gas on the pressure relief component and minimizing abnormal pressure relief caused by the impact. Furthermore, the buffered gas ensures stable connection between the first and second pressure relief sleeves and the support sleeve. The elastic element maintains good sealing performance of the pressure relief component under normal operating conditions. When the gas pressure increases, causing a temperature rise, the shape memory alloy spring softens, reducing the force applied to the pressure relief component and thus releasing internal pressure, achieving automatic pressure relief. This structure effectively improves the safety and stability of equipment operation, and the pressure relief structure design balances sealing performance and emergency response capabilities, adapting to different operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side cross-sectional view of a vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole according to the present invention. Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A of a vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part B of a vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed pole according to the present invention. Figure 3 ; The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows: Reference numerals: 1. Ceramic shell; 2. Moving guide rod; 3. Electrostatic adsorption mesh cover; 4. Automatic pressure relief assembly; 5. Moving guide connecting rod; 6. O-ring seal; 7. Second operating groove; 21. Pressure guiding hole; 22. First pressure relief hole; 23. Connecting hole; 24. Blind hole; 31. Extension; 32. Connecting part; 41. Support sleeve; 42. First pressure relief sleeve; 43. Second pressure relief sleeve; 44. Arc extinguishing diaphragm; 45. Pressure relief component; 46. Elastic component; 47. Washer ring; 411. Threaded groove; 412. Support part; 413. Protrusion; 414. First operating groove; 421. First support ring; 422. Guide hole; 423. Guide ring; 431. Second support ring; 432. Third pressure relief hole; 441. Second pressure relief hole; 451. Contact part; 452. Second pressure relief blind hole; 453. Second vent hole; 51. First pressure relief blind hole; 52. First vent hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] In this embodiment of the utility model, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0021] Reference example Figures 1 to 6A vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber for a solid-sealed electrode includes a ceramic shell 1 and a moving guide rod 2. The moving guide rod 2 is provided with a pressure guiding hole 21. The inner wall of the pressure guiding hole 21 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced first pressure relief holes 22 and is located inside the ceramic shell 1. The outer wall of the moving guide rod 2 is provided with an electrostatic adsorption mesh cover 3 and is located at the entrance of the first pressure relief holes 22. The pressure guiding hole 21 is provided with an automatic pressure relief component 4. The automatic pressure relief component 4 includes a support sleeve 41 and a first pressure relief sleeve 42 threadedly connected thereto. The support sleeve 41 is provided with multiple stacked arc-extinguishing plates 44 for extinguishing the arc and allowing gas to pass through. The first pressure relief sleeve 42 is provided with a liftable pressure relief column for pressure relief when the gas pressure inside the ceramic shell 1 exceeds a threshold. The support sleeve 41 is provided with a second pressure relief sleeve 43 and is located above the first pressure relief sleeve 42. An elastic element 46 is provided between the second pressure relief sleeve 43 and the pressure relief column and applies a downward force to the pressure relief element 45.

[0022] The electrostatic adsorption mesh cover 3 effectively captures metal vapor particles based on the charged characteristics of electric arc particles, preventing them from entering the first pressure relief hole 22 and avoiding blockage by metal particles. The arc extinguishing plate 44, while extinguishing the remaining electric arc, extends the gas flow path, reduces the impact force of high-pressure gas on the pressure relief component 45, and reduces abnormal pressure relief caused by the impact force. In addition, after the gas is buffered, it ensures a stable connection between the first pressure relief sleeve 42, the second pressure relief sleeve 43, and the support sleeve 41. The elastic element 46 maintains good sealing performance of the pressure relief component 45 under normal working conditions (working temperature environment below 80℃). When the gas pressure rises and causes the temperature to rise (working temperature environment above 120℃), the shape memory alloy spring softens, reducing the force applied to the pressure relief component 45, thereby releasing the internal pressure and realizing automatic pressure relief. This structure effectively improves the safety and stability of equipment operation. The pressure relief structure design takes into account both sealing performance and emergency response capability, adapting to different working conditions. It is worth mentioning that the moving guide rod 2 is provided with a connecting hole 23, the connecting hole 23 is provided with a blind hole 24 for accommodating the support sleeve 41, the pressure guiding hole 21 is provided in the blind hole 24, the connecting hole 23 is provided with a moving guide connecting rod 5, the moving guide connecting rod 5 is provided with a first pressure relief blind hole 51, the side wall of the first pressure relief blind hole 51 is provided with a first exhaust hole 52, the moving guide connecting rod 5 is hinged to the operating mechanism and is used to operate the lifting and lowering of the moving guide rod 2, the first pressure relief blind hole 51 is located above the third pressure relief hole 432, the gas discharged from the third pressure relief hole 432 passes through the first pressure relief blind hole 51 and is discharged from the first exhaust hole 52; It is worth mentioning that the electrostatic adsorption mesh cover 3 has inclined extensions 31 at both ends that move towards the outer wall of the moving guide rod 2. The extensions 31 have connecting parts 32 that are parallel to the outer wall of the moving guide rod 2 and are connected and fixed to the outer wall of the moving guide rod 2 by welding. The electrostatic adsorption mesh cover 3, the extensions 31, and the connecting parts 32 form an arch and maintain a distance from the first pressure relief hole 22 to prevent metal vapor particles from splashing and passing through the mesh spacing of the electrostatic adsorption mesh cover 3, consuming the kinetic energy of the metal vapor particles, and preventing them from entering the first pressure relief hole 22. It is worth mentioning that the outer wall of the support sleeve 41 is provided with a threaded groove 411 and is threadedly connected to the blind hole 24. An O-ring seal 6 is provided between the support sleeve 41 and the blind hole 24. The bottom of the support sleeve 41 is provided with a support part 412. The support part 412 is provided with a protrusion 413. The protrusion 413 is provided with a first operating groove 414 for tool operation. The O-ring seal 6 is made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber, fluororubber, or EPDM rubber suitable for high-temperature working environments. The support part 412 provides support for the arc-extinguishing plate 44 and the washer 47. The operator can use tools to rotate the support sleeve 41, thereby connecting and fixing the support sleeve 41 to the blind hole 24. It is worth mentioning that a gasket 47 is provided between adjacent arc-extinguishing plates 44 to maintain the distance between the arc-extinguishing plates 44 for extinguishing the electric arc. The support part 412 and the arc-extinguishing plates 44 are evenly distributed with several equally spaced second pressure relief holes 441 along the circumferential direction. The spacing between the arc-extinguishing plates 44 cuts the electric arc into several short arc segments. Each short arc segment needs to independently maintain the cathode voltage drop and anode voltage drop. When the total voltage drop exceeds the power supply voltage, the electric arc is forcibly extinguished due to insufficient energy. The second pressure relief holes 441 of adjacent arc-extinguishing plates 44 are staggered, which helps to buffer the impact of high-pressure gas. It is worth mentioning that the first pressure relief sleeve 42 is provided with a first support ring 421, which abuts against the uppermost arc-extinguishing plate 44. The first pressure relief sleeve 42 is provided with a guide hole 422 through which the pressure relief component 45 passes. The guide hole 422 is provided with a guide ring 423 extending downward. The first support ring 421 applies downward pressure to the arc-extinguishing plate 44, so that the gasket ring 47 and the arc-extinguishing plate 44 are tightly abutted. It is worth mentioning that the pressure relief component 45 is provided with an abutment part 451, which abuts against the end face of the first pressure relief sleeve 42. The pressure relief component 45 is provided with a second pressure relief blind hole 452. The side wall of the second pressure relief blind hole 452 is provided with a plurality of second exhaust holes 453. An O-ring seal 6 is provided between the pressure relief component 45 and the guide ring 423 and is located above the second exhaust hole 453. The second exhaust hole 453 is located inside the guide hole 422. The O-ring seal 6 is located above the second exhaust hole 453 to prevent the internal vacuum gas from leaking out under normal conditions. When the pressure relief component 45 is pressed and moves upward, so that the position of the second exhaust hole 453 is higher than the end face of the first pressure relief sleeve 42, the gas discharge function is realized. It is worth mentioning that the arc-extinguishing grid 44 is a ceramic arc-extinguishing grid 44, and the elastic element 46 is a shape memory alloy spring. The thermal conductivity of the ceramic arc-extinguishing grid is better than that of metal, which can quickly absorb the heat of the electric arc, reduce the ion movement speed, and promote the recombination of positive and negative ions. In addition, the ceramic arc-extinguishing grid also adsorbs free particles. The microstructure of the ceramic surface adsorbs free electrons and ions, reduces the concentration of conductive particles, and inhibits the maintenance of the electric arc. It is worth mentioning that the second pressure relief sleeve 43 is provided with a second support ring 431 and abuts against the first pressure relief sleeve 42. The end face of the second pressure relief sleeve 43 is provided with a number of third pressure relief holes 432. The second support ring 431 plays a supporting and limiting role, providing sufficient room for the elastic element 46 to move. High pressure gas is discharged from the third pressure relief holes 432. It is worth mentioning that the first pressure relief sleeve 42 and the second pressure relief sleeve 43 are provided with a second operating groove 7 for tool operation. An O-ring 6 is provided between the first pressure relief sleeve 42, the second pressure relief sleeve 43 and the inner wall of the support sleeve 41. The operator can use a tool to insert into the second operating groove 7, thereby assembling the first pressure relief sleeve 42 and the second pressure relief sleeve 43 into the support sleeve 41 in sequence. The O-ring 6 prevents high-pressure gas from leaking.

[0023] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present utility model. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present utility model is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vacuum interrupter for a solid-sealed electrode, comprising a ceramic shell (1) and a moving guide rod (2), characterized in that: The moving guide rod (2) is provided with a pressure guiding hole (21). The inner wall of the pressure guiding hole (21) is provided with a plurality of equally spaced first pressure relief holes (22) and is located inside the ceramic shell (1). The outer wall of the moving guide rod (2) is provided with an electrostatic adsorption mesh cover (3) and is located at the entrance of the first pressure relief hole (22). The pressure guiding hole (21) is provided with an automatic pressure relief assembly (4). The automatic pressure relief assembly (4) includes a support sleeve (41) and a first pressure relief sleeve (42) threadedly connected thereto. 41) The inner cavity is provided with multiple stacked arc-extinguishing plates (44) for extinguishing flying arcs and allowing gas to pass through; the first pressure relief sleeve (42) is provided with a liftable pressure relief column for pressure relief when the gas pressure inside the ceramic shell (1) exceeds the threshold; the support sleeve (41) is provided with a second pressure relief sleeve (43) and is located above the first pressure relief sleeve (42); the second pressure relief sleeve (43) and the pressure relief column are provided with an elastic element (46) and apply a downward force to the pressure relief element (45).

2. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving guide rod (2) is provided with a connecting hole (23), the connecting hole (23) is provided with a blind hole (24) for accommodating the support sleeve (41), the pressure guiding hole (21) is provided in the blind hole (24), the connecting hole (23) is provided with a moving guide connecting rod (5), the moving guide connecting rod (5) is provided with a first pressure relief blind hole (51), and the side wall of the first pressure relief blind hole (51) is provided with a first exhaust hole (52).

3. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic adsorption mesh cover (3) has an extension (31) at both ends that is inclined and moves toward the outer wall of the moving guide rod (2). The extension (31) has a connecting part (32) parallel to the outer wall of the moving guide rod (2) and is connected and fixed to the outer wall of the moving guide rod (2) by welding process.

4. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the support sleeve (41) is provided with a threaded groove (411) and is threaded to the blind hole (24). An O-ring (6) is provided between the support sleeve (41) and the blind hole (24). The bottom of the support sleeve (41) is provided with a support part (412). The support part (412) is provided with a protrusion (413). The protrusion (413) is provided with a first operating groove (414) for tool operation.

5. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 4, characterized in that: A gasket (47) is provided between adjacent arc-extinguishing plates (44) to maintain the distance between the arc-extinguishing plates (44) to extinguish the electric arc. The support part (412) and the arc-extinguishing plates (44) are provided with a number of equally spaced second pressure relief holes (441) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

6. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first pressure relief sleeve (42) is provided with a first support ring (421) and abuts against the uppermost arc extinguishing plate (44). The first pressure relief sleeve (42) is provided with a guide hole (422) for the pressure relief component (45) to pass through. The guide hole (422) is provided with a guide ring (423) extending downward.

7. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure relief component (45) is provided with an abutment part (451) and abuts against the end face of the first pressure relief sleeve (42). The pressure relief component (45) is provided with a second pressure relief blind hole (452). The side wall of the second pressure relief blind hole (452) is provided with a plurality of second vent holes (453). An O-ring (6) is provided between the pressure relief component (45) and the guide ring (423) and is located above the second vent holes (453).

8. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-extinguishing plate (44) is a ceramic arc-extinguishing plate (44), and the elastic element (46) is a memory alloy spring.

9. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pressure relief sleeve (43) is provided with a second support ring (431) and abuts against the first pressure relief sleeve (42). The end face of the second pressure relief sleeve (43) is provided with a plurality of third pressure relief holes (432).

10. The vacuum interrupter for solid-sealed poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure relief sleeve (42) and the second pressure relief sleeve (43) are provided with a second operating groove (7) for tool operation, and an O-ring (6) is provided between the first pressure relief sleeve (42), the second pressure relief sleeve (43) and the inner wall of the support sleeve (41).

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