An energy storage device power distribution apparatus

Abstract

The utility model relates to battery management technical field especially a kind of energy storage device power distribution unit, including the upper shell, middle shell, lower shell of stacking assembly, the first accommodating space is between the upper shell, middle shell, the second accommodating space is between the middle shell, lower shell, the first accommodating space is assembled with main circuit fuse, charging relay, discharge relay, heating fuse, redundancy relay, pre-charge relay, discharge heating relay, charging heating relay, shunt, pre-charge resistance, the second accommodating space is assembled with acquisition control module, electrical element in the first accommodating space is electrically connected with acquisition control module by passing through middle shell with plug connector. The device will high-voltage large-current electrical element and low-voltage small-current acquisition control module be isolated, avoid the problem that high voltage generates electromagnetic interference low-voltage signal transmission, also avoid the influence of high-voltage device heating to low-voltage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a power distribution device for an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the rapid development of lithium battery systems, traditional electronic control structures mostly rely on a fixed layout inside and outside the housing. While this design approach initially offers a degree of system integration, it suffers from significant shortcomings in space utilization efficiency. Especially when dealing with diverse electronic control modules, limitations in component installation methods and hindered stacking often necessitate reserving additional redundant space for the electronic control system, leading to an increase in the overall size of the battery pack. Currently, lithium-ion forklift energy systems still commonly employ a separate design for the BMS (Battery Management System) and BDU (Battery Distribution Unit), revealing structural defects such as high system complexity, redundant wiring harnesses, and difficulties in fault location.

[0003] The prior art discloses a battery pack electronic control integrated unit (publication number: CN120300324A), which integrates the BMS and BDU into one unit;

[0004] However, researchers have found at least the following shortcomings: the solution places electrical components such as fuses and relays on the PCB, and the spacing between components is small. These components will generate large currents during operation, high voltage will cause electromagnetic interference and low voltage signal transmission, and a lot of heat will be generated during operation. The heat accumulation may affect the normal operation of the PCB. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to solve one of the problems pointed out in the background art, and to propose a power distribution device for an energy storage device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A power distribution device for an energy storage device includes an upper shell, a middle shell, and a lower shell stacked together. A first accommodating space is provided between the upper shell and the middle shell, and a second accommodating space is provided between the middle shell and the lower shell. The first accommodating space is equipped with a main circuit fuse, a charging relay, a discharging relay, a heating fuse, a redundant relay, a pre-charge relay, a discharging heating relay, a charging heating relay, a shunt, and a pre-charge resistor. The second accommodating space is equipped with a data acquisition and control module. The electrical components in the first accommodating space are electrically connected to the data acquisition and control module through the middle shell via connectors.

[0008] The first accommodating space is equipped with a second PCB board, and the redundant relay, pre-charge relay, discharge heating relay, and charging heating relay are mounted on the second PCB board.

[0009] One end of the main circuit fuse is the positive input terminal, and one end of the shunt is the negative input terminal. The positive input terminal and the negative input terminal are located diagonally opposite each other in the middle shell.

[0010] The discharge relay can be a 300A discharge relay or a 400A discharge relay.

[0011] The middle shell has a first step, and the first end of the splitter is mounted on the first step;

[0012] And / or the middle shell has a second step, and one end of the discharge relay is mounted on the second step;

[0013] And / or the middle shell has a third step, and the first end of the splitter is mounted on the third step;

[0014] And / or the middle shell has a fourth step, and one end of the charging relay is mounted on the fourth step;

[0015] And / or the middle shell has a fifth step, and one end of the main circuit fuse is mounted on the fifth step;

[0016] And / or the middle shell has a sixth step, and one end of the discharge relay is mounted on the sixth step;

[0017] And / or the middle shell has a seventh step, and the second end of the splitter is mounted on the seventh step.

[0018] The upper shell has a first isolation section located between the first step and the second step;

[0019] And / or the upper shell has a second isolation portion located between the second step and the third step;

[0020] And / or the upper shell has a third isolation portion located between the third step and the fourth step;

[0021] And / or the upper shell has a fourth isolation portion located between the fourth and fifth steps;

[0022] And / or the upper shell is located between the sixth and seventh steps and has a fifth isolation section.

[0023] The middle shell has a wire groove and a connecting hole. The connecting hole can connect a first accommodating space and a second accommodating space. At least some of the electrical components in the first accommodating space are connected by wires. At least some of the wires are placed in the wire groove, and one end of the wire groove is connected to the connecting hole.

[0024] The middle shell has several wire-locking parts on the wall of the wire groove.

[0025] The acquisition and control module includes a first PCB board, on which a first control port and a second control port are provided. The first control port is electrically connected to a charging relay and a discharging relay through a connector, and the second PCB board is electrically connected to the second control port through a connector.

[0026] The data acquisition and control module includes a first data acquisition port, a second data acquisition port, and a third data acquisition port. Each of the first, second, and third data acquisition ports has at least one voltage acquisition module connected to the battery pack, at least one current acquisition module connected to the battery pack, and at least one temperature acquisition module connected to the battery pack.

[0027] The present invention proposes a power distribution device for an energy storage device, which has the following advantages: the device isolates high-voltage, high-current electrical components from low-voltage, low-current acquisition and control modules. The upper first accommodating space is equipped with high-voltage electrical components, while the lower second accommodating space contains only the acquisition and control module. This avoids the problem of electromagnetic interference from high voltage to low-voltage signal transmission, and also avoids the impact of high-voltage device heating on low-voltage devices. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal component distribution structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal component distribution structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the middle shell structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition and control module structure of this utility model.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Upper shell; 2. Middle shell; 3. Lower shell; 4. First accommodating space; 5. Second accommodating space; 6. Main circuit fuse; 7. Charging relay; 8. Discharging relay; 9. Heating fuse; 10. Redundant relay; 11. Pre-charge relay; 12. Discharge heating relay; 13. Charging heating relay; 14. Shunt; 15. Pre-charge resistor; 16. First step; 17. Second step; 18. Third step; 19. Fourth step; 20. Fifth step; 21. Sixth step; 22. Seventh step; 23. First isolation section; 24. Second isolation section; 25. Fourth isolation section; 26. Fifth isolation section; 27. Wire groove; 28. Wire clamping section; 29. ​​Connecting hole; 30. First PCB board; 31. First information acquisition port; 32. Second information acquisition port; 33. Third information acquisition port; 34. First control port; 35. Second control port; 36. Second PCB board; 37. Acquisition control module; 38. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figures 1-8 A power distribution device for an energy storage device includes an upper shell 1, a middle shell 2, and a lower shell 3 stacked together. A first receiving space 4 is provided between the upper shell 1 and the middle shell 2, and a second receiving space 5 is provided between the middle shell 2 and the lower shell 3. The first receiving space 4 is equipped with a main circuit fuse 6, a charging relay 7, a discharging relay 8, a heating fuse 9, a redundant relay 10, a pre-charge relay 11, a discharging heating relay 12, a charging heating relay 13, a shunt 14, and a pre-charge resistor 15. The second receiving space 5 is equipped with a data acquisition and control module 38. The electrical components in the first receiving space 4 are electrically connected to the data acquisition and control module 38 through the middle shell 2 via connectors.

[0039] This device isolates high-voltage, high-current electrical components from low-voltage, low-current acquisition and control modules 38. The upper first accommodating space 4 houses the high-voltage electrical components, while the lower second accommodating space 5 contains only the acquisition and control modules. This avoids the problem of electromagnetic interference from high voltage affecting low-voltage signal transmission and also prevents the heat generated by high-voltage components from affecting low-voltage components.

[0040] Further, ventilation holes are provided on the side of the upper shell.

[0041] In one implementation, the first accommodating space 4 is equipped with a second PCB board 37, on which redundant relays 10, pre-charge relays 11, discharge heating relays 12, and charging heating relays 13 are mounted. This device integrates these components onto the second PCB board 37 to prevent issues such as loose wiring harnesses and poor contact.

[0042] As one implementation method, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 One end of the main circuit fuse 6 is the positive input terminal, and one end of the shunt 14 is the negative input terminal. The positive and negative input terminals are located diagonally opposite each other in the middle shell 2. This diagonal design of positive and negative inputs is beneficial for the copper busbar path layout. Because the total positive and negative positions after the modules are connected in series and parallel are not always the same, if designed as a single side (CN120300324A uses a single-side design), the connection path of the positive and negative input copper busbars will become complicated. In the diagonal design scheme, a single connection point can be connected to the copper busbar in two directions, providing greater flexibility.

[0043] refer to Figure 4 Discharge relay 8 can be equipped with a 300A discharge relay; Reference Figure 3 The discharge relay 8 can be a 400A discharge relay. This solution allows for the installation of two types of discharge relays to adapt to different vehicle models. While only one type of charging relay is needed on the market, the discharge power varies depending on the vehicle model. Therefore, the design allows for optional installation, improving the adaptability of the device.

[0044] As an implementation method, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 The middle shell 2 has a first step 16, and the first end of the shunt 14 is mounted on the first step 16; and / or the middle shell 2 has a second step 17, and one end of the discharge relay 8 is mounted on the second step 17; and / or the middle shell 2 has a third step 18, and the first end of the shunt 14 is mounted on the third step 18; and / or the middle shell 2 has a fourth step 19, and one end of the charging relay 7 is mounted on the fourth step 19; and / or the middle shell 2 has a fifth step 20, and one end of the main circuit fuse 6 is mounted on the fifth step 20; and / or the middle shell 2 has a sixth step 21, and one end of the discharge relay 8 is mounted on the sixth step 21; and / or the middle shell 2 has a seventh step 22, and the second end of the shunt 14 is mounted on the seventh step 22.

[0045] Each electrical component in this device has a stepped support point at its external terminal, which improves the stability of the components after installation (CN120300324A not only has a lot of exposed copper busbars, but also very few support points, which affects stability).

[0046] It should be noted that the installation of the components and the steps mentioned in the article can be either the components being directly installed on the steps, or the components being installed on the steps by connecting copper busbars.

[0047] To further improve electrical safety, refer to Figure 5The upper shell 1 has a first isolation portion 23 located between the first step 16 and the second step 17; and / or the upper shell 1 has a second isolation portion 24 located between the second step 17 and the third step 18; and / or the upper shell 1 has a third isolation portion 25 located between the third step 18 and the fourth step 19; and / or the upper shell 1 has a fourth isolation portion 26 located between the fourth step 19 and the fifth step 20; and / or the upper shell 1 has a fifth isolation portion 27 located between the sixth step 21 and the seventh step 22.

[0048] Each step has an isolation section, which provides good electrical isolation.

[0049] refer to Figure 7 The middle shell 2 has a wire groove 28 and a connecting hole 30. The connecting hole 30 can connect the first receiving space 4 and the second receiving space 5. The electrical components in the first receiving space 4 are at least partially connected by wires. At least some of the wires are placed in the wire groove 28. One end of the wire groove 28 is connected to the connecting hole 30.

[0050] The main circuit fuse 6, charging relay 7, discharging relay 8, heating fuse 9, redundant relay 10, pre-charge relay 11, discharging heating relay 12, charging heating relay 13, shunt 14, and pre-charge resistor 15 require some components to be connected to each other and some components to the acquisition and control module via connectors. To avoid wiring harness tangling, the wiring harness can be placed in the wire trough 28. The middle shell 2 has several wire clamping parts 29 on the wall of the wire trough 28.

[0051] The data acquisition and control module 38 includes a first PCB board 31, on which a first control port 35 and a second control port 36 are provided. The first control port 35 is electrically connected to the charging relay 7 and the discharging relay 8 via connectors. The second PCB board 37 is electrically connected to the second control port 36 via connectors. The data acquisition and control module 38 includes a first information acquisition port 32, a second information acquisition port 33, and a third information acquisition port 34. At least one voltage acquisition module, at least one current acquisition module, and at least one temperature acquisition module connected to the battery pack are connected to the first information acquisition port 32, the second information acquisition port 33, and the third information acquisition port 34. The data acquisition and control module 38 is used to acquire information and transmit it to the BMS. The BMS processes and analyzes the information and performs real-time monitoring, command, and coordination.

[0052] The upper shell 1 and the middle shell 2 are provided with female and male buckles, which are matched accordingly. The lower shell 3 is fixed to the middle shell 2 by screws.

[0053] The upper shell 1, middle shell 2, and lower shell 3 are all made of PC+ABS. The thickness of the upper shell 1, middle shell 2, and lower shell 3 is 2mm. The thickness can be flexibly set as needed and is not limited here.

[0054] In one implementation, the output of the main circuit fuse is connected in parallel with the inputs of the charging and discharging relays. The inputs of the charging and discharging heating relays are connected to the outputs of the charging and discharging relays, respectively. Then, the outputs of both the charging and discharging heating relays are connected to one end of the heating fuse. The input of the pre-charge relay is connected to the rear end of the main circuit fuse, and it is connected in series with the pre-charger and shunt. The input of the redundant relay is connected to the rear end of the discharging relay, and its output is reserved. The control terminals of all the above components are connected to the control ports on the first PCB board via plug-ins.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any technical solution, concept, or design obtained by those skilled in the art by making equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A power distribution device for an energy storage device, characterized in that, The device includes an upper shell (1), a middle shell (2), and a lower shell (3) that are stacked and assembled. There is a first accommodating space (4) between the upper shell (1) and the middle shell (2), and a second accommodating space (5) between the middle shell (2) and the lower shell (3). The first accommodating space (4) is equipped with a main circuit fuse (6), a charging relay (7), a discharging relay (8), a heating fuse (9), a redundant relay (10), a pre-charge relay (11), a discharge heating relay (12), a charging heating relay (13), a shunt (14), and a pre-charge resistor (15). The second accommodating space (5) is equipped with a data acquisition and control module (38). The electrical components in the first accommodating space (4) are electrically connected to the data acquisition and control module (38) through the middle shell (2) via connectors.

2. The power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first accommodating space (4) is equipped with a second PCB board (37), and the redundant relay (10), precharge relay (11), discharge heating relay (12), and charging heating relay (13) are mounted on the second PCB board (37).

3. The power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the main circuit fuse (6) is the positive input terminal, and one end of the shunt (14) is the negative input terminal. The positive input terminal and the negative input terminal are located diagonally opposite each other in the middle shell (2).

4. The power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge relay (8) can be a 300A discharge relay or a 400A discharge relay.

5. The power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle shell (2) has a first step (16), and the first end of the splitter (14) is mounted on the first step (16); And / or the middle shell (2) has a second step (17), one end of the discharge relay (8) is mounted on the second step (17); And / or the middle shell (2) has a third step (18), and the first end of the diverter (14) is mounted on the third step (18); And / or the middle shell (2) has a fourth step (19), one end of the charging relay (7) is mounted on the fourth step (19); And / or the middle shell (2) has a fifth step (20), one end of the main circuit fuse (6) is mounted on the fifth step (20); And / or the middle shell (2) has a sixth step (21), one end of the discharge relay (8) is mounted on the sixth step (21); And / or the middle shell (2) has a seventh step (22), on which the second end of the diverter (14) is mounted.

6. A power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper shell (1) has a first isolation section (23) located between the first step (16) and the second step (17); And / or the upper shell (1) has a second isolation section (24) located between the second step (17) and the third step (18); And / or the upper shell (1) has a third isolation portion (25) located between the third step (18) and the fourth step (19); And / or the upper shell (1) has a fourth isolation section (26) located between the fourth step (19) and the fifth step (20); And / or the upper shell (1) has a fifth isolation section (27) located between the sixth step (21) and the seventh step (22).

7. The power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle shell (2) has a wire groove (28) and a connecting hole (30). The connecting hole (30) can connect the first accommodating space (4) and the second accommodating space (5). The electrical components in the first accommodating space (4) are at least partially connected by wires. At least part of the wires are placed in the wire groove (28). One end of the wire groove (28) is connected to the connecting hole (30).

8. A power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The middle shell (2) has several wire clamping parts (29) on the wall of the wire groove (28).

9. A power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition control module (38) includes a first PCB board (31), on which a first control port (35) and a second control port (36) are provided. The first control port (35) is electrically connected to the charging relay (7) and the discharging relay (8) through a connector. The second PCB board (37) is electrically connected to the second control port (36) through a connector.

10. A power distribution device for an energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The acquisition control module (38) includes a first information acquisition port (32), a second information acquisition port (33), and a third information acquisition port (34). The first information acquisition port (32), the second information acquisition port (33), and the third information acquisition port (34) each have at least one voltage acquisition module connected to the battery pack, at least one current acquisition module connected to the battery pack, and at least one temperature acquisition module connected to the battery pack.

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