A battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit, and a battery

Abstract

The application provides a battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit and a battery. The recording circuit comprises an external failure recording circuit arranged outside a battery gauge chip and an internal failure recording circuit arranged inside the battery gauge chip; a time signal output end of the external failure recording circuit is connected with a time signal input end of the internal failure recording circuit through a general input and output pin on the battery gauge chip; the time signal input end of the external failure recording circuit is connected with a signal output end of a target system, and the time signal output end of the internal failure recording circuit is connected with a storage module of the battery gauge chip. Thus, the battery failure time can be recorded through the design of the application, thereby helping to infer the failure scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit, and a battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of batteries in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems, the safety and reliability of battery systems have become a core concern for the industry chain. Statistics show that the global cost of equipment failures, safety incidents, and recalls due to battery failures is enormous annually. As energy storage units, batteries exhibit complex, insidious, and sudden failure modes, involving multiple contributing factors such as electrochemical aging, mechanical stress, thermal runaway, and BMS (Battery Management System) logic errors. Therefore, both battery manufacturers and system manufacturers desire to understand the approximate failure scenario when encountering a malfunction. For example, system manufacturers might inquire about the scenario when a user's computer malfunctions, or battery manufacturers might ask the ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) what specific tests were being performed when the battery failed. Accurately recording the time of battery failure helps users reconstruct the failure scenario and assists analysts in identifying the cause of the failure. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit and a battery for recording battery failure time, thereby helping to infer the failure scenario.

[0004] This application provides a battery failure time recording circuit, the recording circuit including: an external failure recording circuit disposed outside the fuel gauge chip and an internal failure recording circuit disposed inside the fuel gauge chip; The time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit and the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit are connected through a general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The time signal input terminal of the external failure recording circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the time signal output terminal of the internal failure recording circuit is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

[0005] Optionally, the external failure recording circuit includes an external resistor and a transient voltage suppression diode; The first end of the external resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the second end of the external resistor is connected to the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip. When the external resistors include at least two resistors, the first terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected between two adjacent external resistors, and the second terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the first terminal of a precision resistor on the battery power supply circuit.

[0006] Optionally, the external resistor includes a first resistor and a second resistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The first terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the second resistor.

[0007] Optionally, the external failure recording circuit may further include an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection component; The first end of the electrostatic discharge protection component is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the electrostatic discharge protection component is connected to the second end of the transient voltage suppression diode and the first end of the precision resistor.

[0008] Optionally, the internal failure recording circuit includes a third resistor, a switch, and an amplifier: The first end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output of the external failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The second terminal of the switch is grounded, the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier, and the output terminal of the amplifier is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

[0009] Optionally, the internal failure recording circuit further includes a fourth resistor: The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output of the external failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The second terminal of the fourth resistor is grounded.

[0010] Optionally, the internal failure recording circuit further includes a diode; The cathode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor and the input terminal of the amplifier, and the anode of the diode is grounded.

[0011] Optionally, during wiring, the external failure recording circuit is grounded.

[0012] This application also provides a power supply circuit, including any of the recording circuits described above.

[0013] This application also provides a battery that includes the power supply circuit described above.

[0014] This application also provides an electrical device including the battery described above.

[0015] This application provides a battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit, and a battery. The recording circuit includes an external failure recording circuit disposed outside the fuel gauge chip and an internal failure recording circuit disposed inside the fuel gauge chip. The time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit and the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit are connected through a general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip. The time signal input terminal of the external failure recording circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the time signal output terminal of the internal failure recording circuit is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

[0016] Thus, the battery failure time recording circuit designed in this application can record the time when the battery failure condition is met, that is, record the battery failure time. Therefore, when performing battery failure analysis, the failure scenario can be inferred based on the recorded time, thereby helping analysts find the cause of failure more quickly and accurately.

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery failure time recording circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery power supply circuit with a recording circuit for battery failure time provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the relevant items listed and any combination of any two or more items.

[0025] For ease of description, spatial relation terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” and “lower” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element and another as shown in the accompanying drawings. Such spatial relation terms are intended to include not only the orientation depicted in the drawings but also the different orientations of the device during use or operation.

[0026] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” enumerate the stated features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] Variations in the shapes shown in the accompanying drawings may occur due to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes shown in the accompanying drawings, but include changes in shape that may occur during manufacturing.

[0028] The features of the examples described herein can be combined in various ways that will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, although the examples described herein have various constructions, other constructions are possible, as will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of this application. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis that they can be implemented by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0029] Research has revealed that with the widespread application of batteries in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems, the safety and reliability of battery systems have become a core concern across the industry chain. Statistics show that the global cost of equipment failures, safety incidents, and recalls due to battery failures is enormous annually. As energy storage units, batteries exhibit complex, insidious, and sudden failure modes, involving multiple contributing factors such as electrochemical aging, mechanical stress, thermal runaway, and BMS (Battery Management System) logic errors. Therefore, both battery manufacturers and system manufacturers desire to understand the approximate failure scenario when encountering a malfunction. For example, system manufacturers might inquire about the scenario when a user's computer malfunctions, or battery manufacturers might ask the ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) about the specific tests performed when the battery failed. Accurately recording the time of battery failure helps users reconstruct the failure scenario and assists analysts in identifying the cause of the failure.

[0030] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a battery failure time recording circuit, a power supply circuit, and a battery for recording battery failure time, thereby helping to infer the failure scenario.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery failure time recording circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a battery power supply circuit with a recording circuit for battery failure time provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the recording circuit includes: an external failure recording circuit disposed outside the fuel gauge chip and an internal failure recording circuit disposed inside the fuel gauge chip; the time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit and the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit are connected through a general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip; the time signal input terminal of the external failure recording circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system (not shown in the figure), and the time signal output terminal of the internal failure recording circuit is connected to the storage module (not shown in the figure) of the fuel gauge chip.

[0033] It should be noted that the fuel gauge chip on existing battery packs is mainly used to accurately calculate the remaining power (SoC), report the remaining available capacity, monitor the battery health status, provide runtime and alarms, measure other key parameters, communicate with the host, and determine whether the battery failure conditions are met. When accurately calculating remaining battery power, the system can report the current battery level in percentage (%) or mAh. When reporting remaining usable capacity, it can report how much charge the battery can actually receive in its current state and the total capacity when fully charged. When monitoring battery health, it can calculate the battery's aging level by comparing its initial design capacity with its current actual full-charge capacity. When providing runtime and alarms, for example, it can predict how long the battery can last based on current power consumption and issue an alarm when the battery is low, reminding the user to charge it promptly. For measuring other key parameters, examples include voltage (the battery's real-time terminal voltage), current (the real-time current flowing into (charging) and out of (discharging) the battery), and temperature (monitoring battery temperature to prevent overheating). When communicating with the host, it transmits all this information to the device's main processor (such as a mobile phone CPU or a laptop EC) via standard communication protocols (such as SMBus or I2C) to display battery level on the screen and control charging and discharging logic.

[0034] However, existing fuel gauge chips can only record information about the battery failure conditions, but cannot record the time. This application achieves battery failure time recording by setting an internal failure recording circuit inside the existing fuel gauge chip and designing an external failure recording circuit outside the chip, and connecting them through the general-purpose input / output pins on the fuel gauge chip. The target system can specifically be the host system of the device.

[0035] Figure 2 In this context, PTEN pin represents the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the first end of the external resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the second end of the external resistor is connected to the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip; when the external resistor includes at least two resistors, the first end of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected between two adjacent external resistors, and the second end of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the first end of the precision resistor on the battery power supply circuit.

[0037] Transient voltage suppressor diode is Figure 1 or Figure 2 The TVS shown is an example of a transient voltage suppressor diode. Its function is to provide electrostatic discharge (ESD) and high voltage protection. When a circuit suddenly encounters a momentary high-voltage pulse (i.e., a "transient voltage" or "surge"), the TVS diode can respond rapidly (with an extremely short response time, on the order of picoseconds), clamping the abnormal high voltage to a safe level and diverting excess current to ground, thereby protecting downstream expensive electronic components from damage.

[0038] The external resistors include a first resistor and a second resistor; the first end of the first resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip; the first end of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor.

[0039] Here, the first resistor and the second resistor serve to limit current and protect against static electricity.

[0040] Furthermore, the external failure recording circuit also includes an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection component; the first end of the ESD protection component is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the ESD protection component is connected to the second end of the transient voltage suppression diode and the first end of the precision resistor.

[0041] Electrostatic protection components are Figure 1 or Figure 2 The image shows ESD (Electrostatic Discharge). It is used for electrostatic discharge. An ESD protection component is a semiconductor device specifically designed to protect delicate electronic circuits from damage caused by electrostatic discharge. It is typically placed near interface terminals (such as USB and HDMI) or chip pins, and in the event of a dangerous electrostatic pulse, it immediately directs the electrostatic energy to ground, thus protecting the expensive and fragile core chip behind it.

[0042] For further details, please refer to Figure 2 The precision resistor is installed in the battery power supply circuit. This precision resistor is typically a very small resistor (usually a few milliohms to tens of milliohms) but with high precision, connected in series in the battery's main charging and discharging circuit. According to Ohm's law, the current flowing through the circuit will generate a tiny voltage difference V across the precision resistor. By measuring this voltage difference, the real-time current can be accurately calculated. This voltage difference is directly sent to the fuel gauge chip, which continuously monitors this voltage and uses coulomb counting to integrate and calculate the total charge flowing into / out of the battery, thus achieving accurate fuel level calculation.

[0043] The battery power supply circuit also includes a CMOS sensor, a DMOS transistor, and a fuse. The fuse can be a one-time overcurrent protection device. When the current flowing through it exceeds its rated value for a certain period of time, it will permanently disconnect the circuit by internal melting. CMOS and DMOS are metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, primarily used for switching the main power path, especially in battery protection circuits. For example, the CMOS acts as a charging switch, controlling the path of the charging current, while the DMOS acts as a discharging switch, controlling the path of the discharging current.

[0044] against Figure 2 The precision resistor in the battery is also connected to the fuel gauge chip (not shown in the figure) to estimate the battery current and other conditions.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the external failure recording circuit and the internal failure recording circuit are part of the battery power supply circuit.

[0046] In one embodiment of this application, when wiring the external failure recording circuit, a ground wire is wrapped around it. This can reduce the impact of external interference signals on the transmission of time signals.

[0047] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1In one embodiment provided in this application, the internal failure recording circuit includes a third resistor, a switch, and an amplifier: the first end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit through a general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip; the second end of the switch is grounded, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier, and the output terminal of the amplifier is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

[0048] Here, the third resistor is used for electrostatic protection; the amplifier is used to amplify the time signal; and the internal failure record switch is used to open when the battery failure conditions are met and to close after the failure time corresponding to the battery failure conditions is recorded.

[0049] Furthermore, the internal failure recording circuit also includes a fourth resistor: the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip; the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded.

[0050] Here, the fourth resistor function includes electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection.

[0051] Furthermore, the internal failure recording circuit also includes a diode; the cathode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor and the input terminal of the amplifier, and the anode of the diode is grounded.

[0052] Here, the diode function includes providing electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection.

[0053] Therefore, according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The circuit shown, when recording battery failure time, operates as follows: When the fuel gauge chip detects that the battery failure conditions are met (e.g., transient protection conditions or permanent failure conditions are met), the fuel gauge chip sends a command to the host system to obtain real-time time information (assuming the time address bit is 0x16). The specific communication method and protocol need to be based on the host system. After reading the time, the signal enters the internal failure recording circuit through the external failure recording circuit. At the same time, the fuel gauge chip has set the switch, that is, the internal failure recording circuit is turned on. The signal is received by the fuel gauge after being amplified and written into the corresponding protection event trigger time address bit in the specified location (storage module). In this way, the requirement of recording failure time or protection trigger time can be realized.

[0054] For example, a user remembers that the last time they turned on their computer was in January, and they haven't charged it since. Six months later, they find that the computer won't turn on. After analyzing the battery, they find that the battery is in an undervoltage protection state, and further analysis of the cause of the undervoltage is needed. If we can see when the undervoltage occurred, we can infer whether the undervoltage was caused by normal power consumption based on the voltage and the battery's self-discharge, without needing to continue analyzing the internal structure of the battery cells, thus improving the efficiency of the analyst.

[0055] This application also provides a battery that includes any of the recording circuits described above.

[0056] This application also provides an electrical device including the battery described above.

[0057] Thus, the battery failure time recording circuit designed in this application can record the time when the battery failure condition is met, that is, record the battery failure time. Therefore, when performing battery failure analysis, the failure scenario can be inferred based on the recorded time, thereby helping analysts find the cause of failure more quickly and accurately.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A circuit for recording battery failure time, characterized in that, The recording circuit includes: an external failure recording circuit disposed outside the fuel gauge chip and an internal failure recording circuit disposed inside the fuel gauge chip; The time signal output terminal of the external failure recording circuit and the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit are connected through a general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip. The time signal input terminal of the external failure recording circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the time signal output terminal of the internal failure recording circuit is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

2. The recording circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external failure recording circuit includes an external resistor and a transient voltage suppression diode; The first end of the external resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, and the second end of the external resistor is connected to the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel gauge chip. When the external resistors include at least two resistors, the first terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected between two adjacent external resistors, and the second terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the first terminal of a precision resistor on the battery power supply circuit.

3. The recording circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external resistor includes a first resistor and a second resistor; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the signal output terminal of the target system, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the time signal input terminal of the internal failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The first terminal of the transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor and the first terminal of the second resistor.

4. The recording circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external failure recording circuit also includes an electrostatic protection component; The first end of the electrostatic discharge protection component is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the electrostatic discharge protection component is connected to the second end of the transient voltage suppression diode and the first end of the precision resistor.

5. The recording circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal failure recording circuit includes a third resistor, a switch, and an amplifier: The first end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output of the external failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The second terminal of the switch is grounded, the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the input terminal of the amplifier, and the output terminal of the amplifier is connected to the storage module of the fuel gauge chip.

6. The recording circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The internal failure recording circuit also includes a fourth resistor: The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the switch, and is connected to the time signal output of the external failure recording circuit through the general-purpose input / output pin on the fuel meter chip. The second terminal of the fourth resistor is grounded.

7. The recording circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The internal failure recording circuit also includes diodes; The cathode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor and the input terminal of the amplifier, and the anode of the diode is grounded.

8. The recording circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, During wiring, the external failure recording circuit is grounded.

9. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, Includes the recording circuit described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A battery, characterized in that, Includes the power supply circuit as described in claim 9.

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