Battery cell housing and battery

Abstract

The application relates to the battery technical field and discloses a battery monomer shell and a battery. The battery monomer shell comprises a shell and a first color-changing layer. The shell is provided with a containing cavity for containing electrolyte; the first color-changing layer is arranged on at least part of the outer wall of the shell, and the first color-changing layer contains material capable of producing a color-changing reaction with electrolyte decomposition gas. According to the application, the first color-changing layer is arranged on the outer wall of the shell, when the electrolyte in the containing cavity of the shell leaks, the generated gas contacts the first color-changing layer, the material capable of changing color contained in the first color-changing layer contacts the gas and changes color, so that the color of the first color-changing layer is observed, and whether the electrolyte leaks can be directly observed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery cell casing and a battery. Background Technology

[0002] A battery cell typically includes a casing, which consists of a cover and a housing. Electrode assemblies and electrolyte are housed inside the housing.

[0003] If electrolyte leakage occurs during the use of a battery cell, the initial gas produced is often not easily detected visually, which can lead to the leakage going undetected and posing a certain safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a battery cell casing and a battery to solve or improve the problem that electrolyte leakage is not easily detected visually in the early stages and cannot be discovered in a timely manner.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery cell casing, including a housing and a first color-changing layer. The housing is provided with a cavity for containing electrolyte; the first color-changing layer is disposed on at least a portion of the outer wall of the housing, and the first color-changing layer contains a material capable of reacting with the decomposition gases of the electrolyte to produce a color-changing reaction.

[0006] Beneficial effects: By setting a first color-changing layer on the outer wall of the shell, when the electrolyte in the cavity of the shell leaks, the generated gas comes into contact with the first color-changing layer. The color-changing material contained in the first color-changing layer comes into contact with the gas and changes color. Thus, by observing the color of the first color-changing layer, it is easy to intuitively observe whether the electrolyte is leaking.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the housing has a window, and a transparent plate is disposed inside the window. The first color-changing layer is disposed on the surface of the transparent plate opposite to the receiving cavity.

[0008] Beneficial effects: By setting a transparent plate on the shell, and ensuring the first color-changing layer is transparent before color change, it is easy to visually observe the remaining electrolyte content in the containment cavity and to easily detect the expansion of the electrode plates within the containment cavity. Simultaneously, when electrolyte leaks into the containment cavity, the generated gas comes into contact with the first color-changing layer, causing it to change color from its transparent state. Therefore, by observing whether the transparent plate area is transparent, it is possible to visually determine whether electrolyte leakage has occurred, allowing for timely detection of electrolyte leaks.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, a second color-changing layer is provided on the surface of the transparent plate facing the receiving cavity, the second color-changing layer containing a thermochromic material.

[0010] Beneficial effects: By incorporating a second color-changing layer on the transparent plate, the second layer changes color when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway and temperature rises. This color change is visible through the transparent plate, allowing for timely detection of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the first and second color-changing layers are respectively positioned on opposite sides of the transparent plate, ensuring they do not interfere with each other and enabling effective monitoring of electrolyte leakage and battery cell temperature.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the color presented by the first color-changing layer after color change is different from the color presented by the second color-changing layer after color change.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The first and second color-changing layers produce different colors after color change, making it easier for users to judge electrolyte leakage or thermal runaway by observing the color.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, an isolation layer is provided on the surface of the transparent plate facing the receiving cavity, and the second color-changing layer is located between the isolation layer and the transparent plate.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The isolation layer on the transparent plate is used to isolate the electrolyte from the second color-changing layer, ensuring the normal use of the second color-changing layer. In addition, the isolation layer can also improve the overall wear resistance of the transparent plate.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, a display strip is provided on the plate surface of the insulating layer facing the receiving cavity, the display strip containing an indicator capable of changing color with the electrolyte.

[0016] Beneficial effects: A display strip that comes into contact with the electrolyte is set on the surface of the isolation layer. When a part of the display strip comes into contact with the electrolyte, it can produce a color-changing reaction. By using the display strip in conjunction with a transparent plate, the size of the color-changing area of ​​the display strip can be measured outside the housing to indirectly provide feedback on the electrolyte level in the containment cavity, thereby facilitating the detection of the electrolyte content inside the housing.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, a measuring element is further included, which extends along the thickness direction of the electrode disposed within the housing and is disposed on the transparent plate.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The measuring component corresponds to the position of the electrode inside the housing. The measuring component facilitates the measurement of the size of the electrode inside the housing. By comparing the measured electrode size with the electrode size of the battery cell at the factory, it is easy to detect the expansion of the electrode, and thus the rebound of the electrode.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the transparent plate is integrally formed with the window by a laser melting and infiltration process; and / or, the display strip contains fluorescent material, which is disposed on the surface of the isolation layer.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The above-described setup makes it easy to install the transparent panel at the window position and to arrange the display bar on the isolation layer.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, the first color-changing layer is disposed on at least one side of the housing along its length.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By arranging the first color-changing layer along the length of the shell, it is convenient to detect whether the electrolyte is leaking and to provide feedback on the electrolyte level in the containment cavity, thereby facilitating the detection of the electrolyte content in the shell.

[0023] Secondly, this application provides a battery, including an electrode, an electrolyte, and a battery cell housing as described in any of the above, wherein the electrode and the electrolyte are disposed within the battery cell housing.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The battery has the aforementioned battery cell casing, which makes it easier for users to monitor the battery status and improves battery safety. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the shell and the first transparent layer in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view showing the positional relationship between the shell and the transparent plate in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the transparent plate, the first color-changing layer, and the second color-changing layer in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the transparent plate, the display strip, and the measuring element in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 100. Receiving cavity; 101. Side wall; 1011. First side wall; 1012. Second side wall; 102. Bottom wall; 2. First color-changing layer; 3. Window; 4. Transparent plate; 5. Second color-changing layer; 6. Isolation layer; 7. Display bar; 8. Measuring element. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 This describes an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] According to an embodiment of this application, in a first aspect, a battery cell casing is provided, including a housing 1 and a first color-changing layer 2. The housing 1 is provided with a receiving cavity 100 for containing electrolyte; the first color-changing layer 2 is disposed on at least a portion of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the first color-changing layer 2 contains a material capable of reacting with the decomposition gas of the electrolyte to produce a color-changing reaction.

[0031] Understandably, the battery cell casing can be either a square or cylindrical battery cell casing. When the battery cell casing is a square battery cell casing, the casing 1 has mutually perpendicular length, width, and thickness directions. When the battery cell casing is a cylindrical battery cell casing, the casing 1 has a length direction and a diameter. The following description uses a square battery cell casing as an example. One end of the casing 1 is open for placing a cover plate (not shown in the figure). The casing 1 has a receiving cavity 100, which can accommodate the electrolyte and the electrode.

[0032] If electrolyte leakage occurs during the use of a battery cell, the initial gas produced is often not easily detected visually, leading to undetected leakage and posing a safety hazard. Although some solutions involve adding sensors to the outside of the battery cell for data monitoring, such as monitoring electrolyte leakage and thermal runaway, adding sensors can easily compromise the integrity of the battery cell's external structure. Furthermore, the additional sensors take up too much space, which is detrimental to the overall layout.

[0033] At room temperature, after the electrolyte in the containment cavity 100 leaks from the shell 1, some of the organic matter contained in the electrolyte will decompose, thereby producing a small amount of carbon monoxide and / or methane. When these substances come into contact with the material in the first color-changing layer 2 that can achieve a color-changing reaction, the material changes color or develops color, thereby achieving the color change or development of the first color-changing layer 2.

[0034] In addition, the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 described below are preferably transparent or nearly transparent when they are not color-changing, so that the state inside the receiving cavity 100 can be observed from the outside of the housing 1 through the transparent plate 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a first color-changing layer 2 is fixed or attached to at least part of the outer wall of the housing 1. The first color-changing layer 2 contains a color-changing material. After reacting with the gas generated after the electrolyte leaks, the color changes, thereby changing the overall color of the first color-changing layer 2, making it easier for the user to observe.

[0036] Optionally, after the first color-changing layer 2 changes color or develops color upon contact with the gas evaporated from the electrolyte, the displayed color of the first color-changing layer 2 is different from the surface color of the shell 1. For example, the first color-changing layer 2 turns red after changing color or developing color, while the shell 1 can be made of aluminum, and the exposed color of the aluminum shell can be selected from colors other than red. Thus, by observing the color of the area on the shell 1 where the first color-changing layer 2 is provided and comparing it with the color of other surfaces of the shell 1, it is easy to determine whether the first color-changing layer 2 has changed color, and thus it is easy to intuitively observe and determine whether the electrolyte has leaked.

[0037] Understandably, the color-changing material contained in the first color-changing layer 2 can be adaptively adjusted according to the type of electrolyte to ensure that the gas generated after electrolyte leakage can cause the first color-changing layer 2 to produce a color-developing or color-changing reaction. Furthermore, materials or substances specifically designed for leak detection can be added to the electrolyte. After electrolyte leakage, these materials or substances easily volatilize or decompose and readily react with the color-changing material in the first color-changing layer 2 to produce a color-developing or color-changing reaction.

[0038] In one embodiment, in order to facilitate observation of the internal state of the housing 1 from the outside, a window 3 is provided on the housing 1, and a transparent plate 4 is provided in the window 3. The first color-changing layer 2 is provided on the plate surface of the transparent plate 4 away from the receiving cavity 100.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the transparent plate 4 is a plate structure with a certain degree of transparency. A window 3 is provided on the housing 1. The receiving cavity 100 inside the housing 1 communicates with the outside of the housing 1 through the window 3. The transparent plate 4 can be fixed and sealed at the window 3 by means of snap-fit, adhesive, or welding, thereby forming a sealed observation window. This allows the user to observe the internal state of the housing 1 while maintaining the airtightness of the receiving cavity 100. In this way, by setting the transparent plate 4 on the housing 1, and with the first color-changing layer 2 being transparent before color change, it is convenient to directly observe the remaining electrolyte content in the receiving cavity 100 through the transparent plate 4, and to facilitate the detection of the expansion degree of the electrode sheet inside the receiving cavity 100.

[0040] The first color-changing layer 2 is disposed on the surface of the transparent plate 4 facing away from the receiving cavity 100, that is, the first color-changing layer 2 is disposed on the outer surface of the transparent plate 4. This isolates the first color-changing layer 2 from the internal environment of the receiving cavity 100, effectively preventing the first color-changing layer 2 from directly contacting the electrolyte in the receiving cavity 100, preventing accidental contact between the first color-changing layer 2 and the gas generated by the decomposition of the electrolyte, and improving the stability and reliability of the indication function of the first color-changing layer 2. When the electrolyte in the receiving cavity 100 leaks, the gas generated by the decomposition comes into contact with the first color-changing layer 2, causing the first color-changing layer 2 to change from a transparent state to a colored state. Therefore, by observing whether the area of ​​the transparent plate 4 is in a transparent state, it is possible to intuitively determine whether the electrolyte has leaked, so that electrolyte leakage can be detected in a timely manner.

[0041] Optionally, the housing 1 includes a side wall 101 and a bottom wall 102, and the window 3 is formed on the side wall 101 of the housing 1. Figure 2 As shown, taking a square battery cell as an example, the sidewall 101 includes two opposing first sidewalls 1011 and two opposing second sidewalls 1012. The two first sidewalls 1011 and the two second sidewalls 1012 enclose a frame structure. The two first sidewalls 1011 extend along the length direction of the housing 1, and the two second sidewalls 1012 extend along the thickness direction of the housing 1. The bottom wall 102 closes one end of the sidewall 101, and the other end of the sidewall 101 is open for placing a cover plate.

[0042] The window 3 is opened on the side wall 101 of the housing 1, and the window 3 is preferably opened on the second side wall 1012, so that the transparent plate 4 and the corresponding structure provided on the transparent plate 4 are located on the second side wall 1012, thereby facilitating the observation of the electrode condition inside the housing 1, facilitating the detection of the electrode expansion degree, and facilitating the detection of the electrolyte level.

[0043] Optionally, a window 3 can be provided on one of the two second sidewalls 1012 to house a transparent plate 4, thereby reducing the number of windows 3 and lowering the production difficulty. Alternatively, windows 3 can be provided on both second sidewalls 1012 to house transparent plates 4, making it easier to observe the transparent plates 4 from different directions of the battery cell.

[0044] In one embodiment, in order to visually determine whether a battery cell is in thermal runaway and to ensure timely detection of such runaway, a second color-changing layer 5 is provided on the surface of the transparent plate 4 facing the receiving cavity 100. The second color-changing layer 5 contains a thermochromic material.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the second color-changing layer 5 is laid on the surface of the transparent plate 4 facing the receiving cavity 100, that is, the second color-changing layer 5 is disposed on the inner surface of the transparent plate 4. The second color-changing layer 5 contains a thermochromic material, and the color-changing temperature range of the thermochromic material can be adjusted according to actual applications. For example, the second color-changing layer 5 changes color or develops color when the temperature is greater than 60°C. When the temperature of the battery cell changes and reaches the trigger temperature of the thermochromic material in the second color-changing layer 5, the second color-changing layer 5 will undergo a significant color change, such as changing from colorless to blue, so that the color change of the second color-changing layer 5 can be visually observed.

[0046] The two opposite surfaces of the transparent plate 4 are respectively provided with a first color-changing layer 2 and a second color-changing layer 5. The first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 do not interfere with each other, thereby enabling effective monitoring of electrolyte leakage and battery cell temperature. Furthermore, since the transparent plate 4 is transparent, the color change of the second color-changing layer 5 can be directly observed from the outside through the transparent plate 4, thus allowing for timely detection of thermal runaway in battery cells.

[0047] Optionally, the second color-changing layer 5 can be applied to the surface of the transparent plate 4 by means of printing, spraying, scraping, etc., and the second color-changing layer 5 can be ensured to have good light transmittance, color-changing effect and adhesion.

[0048] In one embodiment, since a first color-changing layer 2 and a second color-changing layer 5 are provided on the transparent plate 4, and the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 are respectively used to monitor different states of the battery cells, in order to intuitively and quickly determine the state of the battery cells after the transparent plate 4 area shows color or changes color, the color presented by the first color-changing layer 2 after color change is different from the color presented by the second color-changing layer 5 after color change.

[0049] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 are preferably nearly transparent before color change, allowing the user to observe the internal state of the casing 1 through the transparent plate 4. When electrolyte leakage or thermal runaway occurs, the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 respond to different situations by displaying or changing color, and the colors displayed or changed by the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 are different. For example, the color displayed or changed by the first color-changing layer 2 is red, while the color displayed or changed by the second color-changing layer 5 is blue. Since the transparent plate 4 itself is transparent, when the first color-changing layer 2 or the second color-changing layer 5 displays or changes color, the area of ​​the transparent plate 4 can be displayed as red or blue. In this way, by observing the color displayed in the area of ​​the transparent plate 4, the user can determine whether there is electrolyte leakage or thermal runaway, effectively preventing misjudgment and allowing the user to take appropriate subsequent actions based on the color displayed in the area of ​​the transparent plate 4.

[0050] In one embodiment, an isolation layer 6 is provided on the surface of the transparent plate 4 facing the receiving cavity 100, and a second color-changing layer 5 is located between the isolation layer 6 and the transparent plate 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the isolation layer 6 is laid on the surface of the transparent plate 4 facing the receiving cavity 100, that is, the isolation layer 6 is disposed on the inner surface of the transparent plate 4, and the isolation layer 6 preferably occupies the entire inner surface of the transparent plate 4, thereby improving the overall wear resistance of the transparent plate 4 by means of the isolation layer 6.

[0052] The area occupied by the second color-changing layer 5 on the inner surface of the transparent plate 4 is preferably smaller than that occupied by the separator 6 on the inner surface of the transparent plate 4, so that the separator 6 encloses the second color-changing layer 5, allowing the second color-changing layer 5 to be sealed between the transparent plate 4 and the separator 6, preventing the electrolyte in the receiving cavity 100 from contacting the second color-changing layer 5 and maintaining the normal operation of the second color-changing layer 5. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the temperature of the battery cell rises, and heat can be transferred to the second color-changing layer 5 through the transparent plate 4 and / or the separator 6, causing the second color-changing layer 5 to develop or change color.

[0053] Optionally, the isolation layer 6 can be an alumina isolation film. By setting an alumina isolation film of 30nm-50nm on the inner surface of the transparent plate 4, the electrolyte can be isolated from contact with the second color-changing layer 5, and the second color-changing layer 5 can be further fixed, thereby improving the wear resistance of the second color-changing layer 5.

[0054] In one embodiment, a display strip 7 is provided on the plate surface of the isolation layer 6 facing the receiving cavity 100, and the display strip 7 contains an indicator that can react with the electrolyte to produce a color change.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a display strip 7 is provided on the inner surface of the isolation layer 6. When the transparent plate 4 is provided on the side wall of the housing 1, the display strip 7 extends along the height direction of the housing 1, and one end of the display strip 7 is preferably close to the bottom of the housing 1, that is, one end of the display strip 7 is preferably close to the end face of the housing 1 away from the cover plate. The display strip 7, which is in contact with the electrolyte, is provided on the surface of the isolation layer 6. After the part of the display strip 7 comes into contact with the electrolyte, it can produce a color change reaction. By using the display strip 7 in conjunction with the transparent plate 4, the size of the color-changing area of ​​the display strip 7 can be measured outside the housing 1, which can indirectly provide feedback on the liquid level of the electrolyte in the receiving cavity 100, thereby facilitating the detection of the electrolyte content in the housing 1.

[0056] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, two or more display bars 7 can be set. By synchronously detecting multiple display bars 7 and comparing the liquid level height displayed by multiple display bars 7, the detection accuracy is improved.

[0057] In one embodiment, a measuring element 8 is further included, which extends along the thickness direction of the electrode sheet disposed within the housing 1 and is disposed on the transparent plate 4.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, the measuring element 8 corresponds to the position of the electrode inside the housing 1. The measuring element 8 facilitates the measurement of the size of the electrode inside the housing 1. By comparing the measured electrode size with the electrode size of the battery cell at the time of manufacture, it is easy to detect the expansion of the electrode, and thus easy to detect the rebound of the electrode.

[0059] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the measuring element 8 can be a scale, which corresponds to the electrode sheet inside the housing 1 and can provide feedback on the corresponding size of the electrode sheet. Using the scale as a reference, the corresponding size of the electrode sheet can be easily read. Of course, in addition to using a scale, the measuring element 8 can also be a positioning point set on the transparent plate 4. That is, four positioning points can be set on the transparent plate 4. The two positioning points in the middle correspond to the size of the electrode sheet when the battery is manufactured. The positioning points on both sides are the expansion threshold of the electrode sheet. When it is observed from the outside that the electrode sheet has expanded and protruded beyond the positioning points on both sides, the expansion of the electrode sheet exceeds the safe range, and the battery cell needs to be maintained or replaced.

[0060] Optionally, the measuring element 8 can be disposed on the outer or inner surface of the transparent plate 4, or it can be disposed on the surface of the first color-changing layer 2 facing away from the transparent plate 4.

[0061] In one embodiment, the transparent plate 4 is integrally formed with the window 3 by a laser melting and infiltration process; and / or, the display strip 7 contains fluorescent material, which is disposed on the plate surface of the isolation layer 6.

[0062] Optionally, the transparent plate 4 is configured as a light-transmitting ceramic substrate.

[0063] Optionally, the housing 1 can be made of aluminum, and the transparent plate 4 and the housing 1 with the window 3 can be integrally formed using laser melting and infiltration technology. Of course, in addition to the materials and preparation methods described above, the transparent plate 4 can also be made of other materials with transparent functions.

[0064] Alternatively, the fluorescent material can be YAG:Ce (cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet), which has the optical property of emitting yellow-green light with a wavelength of about 550 nm when excited by blue light with a wavelength of about 450 nm.

[0065] Alternatively, the fluorescent material can also be a phosphor, which can be a silicate-based phosphor, such as barium strontium silicate doped with divalent europium ions. Its optical properties are that it can be effectively excited by UV (near-ultraviolet light) with a wavelength of about 395 nm. After being excited, it can emit light with a wavelength in the range of green to orange. The specific color of the emitted light depends on the chemical ratio of strontium and barium in the material.

[0066] With this configuration, the display strip 7 contains the aforementioned fluorescent material or phosphor. When an external device illuminates the display strip 7 and measures the color rendering height of the display strip 7, the electrolyte level inside the housing 1 can be indirectly obtained. By comparing the measured electrolyte level with the electrolyte level when the battery cell leaves the factory, the electrolyte content inside the housing 1 can be determined, which facilitates the determination of the battery cell status and subsequent electrolyte addition operations.

[0067] In one embodiment, the first color-changing layer 2 is disposed on at least one side of the housing 1 along its length.

[0068] In this embodiment, the length direction of the housing 1 refers to the direction in which the structural dimensions of the housing 1 are relatively long, and a cover plate is provided at the end of the housing 1 in this length direction. By arranging the first color-changing layer 2 along the length direction of the housing 1, it is convenient to detect whether the electrolyte in the housing 1 is leaking, and it is convenient to provide feedback on the liquid level of the electrolyte in the receiving cavity 100, thereby facilitating the detection of the electrolyte content in the housing 1.

[0069] Secondly, this application provides a battery, including an electrode, an electrolyte, and a battery cell housing, wherein the electrode and the electrolyte are disposed within the battery cell housing.

[0070] In this embodiment, the battery has the aforementioned battery cell casing. In the event of electrolyte leakage or thermal runaway of the battery cell, the first color-changing layer 2 and the second color-changing layer 5 can correspondingly change color, making it easy for users to detect the problem promptly. Furthermore, the battery cell can also detect the internal electrolyte content and the expansion degree of the electrode plates, thereby enabling monitoring of the internal state of the battery cell, facilitating user monitoring of the battery status, and improving battery safety.

[0071] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell casing, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is provided with a receiving cavity (100) for containing electrolyte. A first color-changing layer (2) is disposed on at least a portion of the outer wall of the housing (1), the first color-changing layer (2) containing a material capable of reacting with the electrolyte decomposition gas to produce a color-changing reaction.

2. The battery cell casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A window (3) is provided on the housing (1), and a transparent plate (4) is provided inside the window (3). The first color-changing layer (2) is provided on the surface of the transparent plate (4) away from the receiving cavity (100).

3. The battery cell casing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transparent plate (4) has a second color-changing layer (5) on its surface facing the receiving cavity (100), and the second color-changing layer (5) contains a thermochromic material.

4. The battery cell casing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The color presented by the first color-changing layer (2) after color change is different from the color presented by the second color-changing layer (5) after color change.

5. The battery cell casing according to claim 4, characterized in that, An isolation layer (6) is provided on the surface of the transparent plate (4) facing the receiving cavity (100), and the second color-changing layer (5) is located between the isolation layer (6) and the transparent plate (4).

6. The battery cell casing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The isolation layer (6) has a display strip (7) on its plate facing the receiving cavity (100), and the display strip (7) contains an indicator that can react with the electrolyte to produce a color change.

7. The battery cell casing according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a measuring element (8), which extends along the thickness direction of the electrode sheet disposed in the housing (1) and is disposed on the transparent plate (4).

8. The battery cell casing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transparent plate (4) is integrally formed with the window (3) by laser melting and infiltration process; And / or, the display strip (7) contains fluorescent material, which is disposed on the plate surface of the isolation layer (6).

9. The battery cell casing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first color-changing layer (2) is disposed on at least one side of the housing (1) along the length direction.

10. A battery, characterized in that, The battery cell includes an electrode, an electrolyte, and a housing as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the electrode and the electrolyte are disposed within the housing.

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