An in-cabin battery heat storage device

Abstract

The application discloses an in-cabin battery heat storage device for heat dissipation of high-multiplying batteries in a sealed cabin, relates to the field of battery heat storage, and comprises two parts of a semicircular aluminum heat storage device and an aluminum alloy heat exchanger. The heat storage device is a hollow box body, a cooling medium is arranged in the box body, an installation plane is arranged on the outer portion of the heat storage device, a plurality of heat exchangers are connected to the installation plane of the heat storage device, and lithium ion batteries are arranged on the two adjacent heat exchangers. The device is used for absorbing huge heat generated by the batteries during work. The design solves the problem of heat accumulation in a sealed space, avoids accidental temperature rise of the batteries to thermal runaway during use, and effectively guarantees the safety and stability of the batteries in the whole working state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery thermal storage technology and relates to an in-cabin battery thermal storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of image recognition and radar technology, the energy requirements of equipment compartments have increased exponentially. The thermal batteries originally installed in the compartment can no longer meet the energy needs of various models. Therefore, the replacement of thermal batteries with lithium batteries has become a popular trend in recent years. Traditional thermal batteries operate under very special conditions, not only withstanding the acceleration and centrifugal force generated by high-speed spin during launch, but also the heat generated by friction between the equipment and the medium, making the working environment extremely harsh. Compared to the operating temperature of 100-200℃ for thermal batteries, the operating temperature of traditional lithium batteries is 0℃~40℃, making them unsuitable for the operating conditions of thermal batteries and hindering the replacement with lithium batteries. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem solved by this application is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide an in-cabin battery heat storage device. During high-rate battery discharge, a heat exchanger transfers the large amount of heat generated by the battery to the heat storage device for absorption, meeting the operational requirements of the model during short-term, high-rate discharge. In thermal simulations without the semi-circular aluminum heat storage device, the temperature of the lithium battery pack rises to 227°C during discharge. This temperature is absolutely unbearable for lithium-ion batteries and would cause battery fire and explosion.

[0004] Meanwhile, technical flaws were also discovered early in the heat exchanger design. In the initial design, insufficient heat exchange surface prevented adequate contact between the water jacket and the battery pack, making it difficult to dissipate the heat generated during battery operation. Even with a large water jacket, the heat generated in the battery could not be dissipated, and the temperature of the water jacket could not be raised. Therefore, a matching heat exchanger was necessary.

[0005] The technical solution provided in this application is as follows:

[0006] An in-cabin battery thermal storage device includes at least one lithium-ion battery pack disposed in the equipment compartment. Each lithium-ion battery pack includes a thermal storage unit, multiple lithium-ion batteries, and multiple heat exchangers. The thermal storage unit is a hollow box with a cooling medium inside. The exterior of the thermal storage unit has an installation plane. Multiple heat exchangers are connected to the installation plane of the thermal storage unit. A lithium-ion battery is installed between any two adjacent heat exchangers.

[0007] The thermal storage device is provided with a threaded water outlet at one end. The threaded water outlet is used to add water to or discharge water into the thermal storage device. The threaded water outlet is connected to a screw, which is used to seal the threaded water outlet.

[0008] The heat exchanger includes heat pipes and heat exchange plates. The heat pipes are welded to one side of the heat exchange plates. One side of the heat exchange plates is welded to the mounting plane of the heat storage device, and both ends of the heat pipes are welded to the mounting plane of the heat storage device.

[0009] The heat pipe has a serpentine structure.

[0010] The serpentine structure is as follows: the heat pipe extends in a direction away from or close to the heat storage device, then bends 180° and extends in the opposite direction.

[0011] The heat pipe and heat exchange plate are connected by solder, which fills the space between the heat pipe and heat exchange plate to increase the heat exchange area; silicone grease is applied between the heat pipe and heat exchange plate.

[0012] The heat exchange fins are soldered to the heat storage unit.

[0013] The heat pipe is filled with elemental iodine.

[0014] The direction perpendicular to the mounting plane of the heat storage device is the height direction. The height of the lithium-ion battery is less than the height of the heat exchange plate. A heat-conducting plate is provided at the end of the lithium-ion battery away from the mounting plane of the heat storage device. The heat-conducting plate is located between two adjacent heat exchange plates, and the height of the heat-conducting plate is equal to the height of the lithium-ion battery and the height of the heat exchange plate. The heat-conducting plate and the heat exchange plate are bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive.

[0015] It also includes a T-shaped plate 4, which includes a separator and an end plate. The end plate is perpendicular to the separator and connected to one end of the separator. Two lithium-ion battery packs are respectively installed on both sides of the separator. One end of each lithium-ion battery pack is in contact with the end plate. The end plate is used to position the relative position of the lithium-ion battery packs and the separator. The end of the heat exchanger away from the heat storage tank is in contact with the separator.

[0016] Traditional phase change materials operate at temperatures above 100℃; therefore, this heat exchanger uses water as the heat storage medium. Water, with its low thermal resistance and high specific heat capacity, can effectively store a large amount of heat within the heat storage unit. Simultaneously, the heat storage unit features a fully sealed structure, ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack under complex conditions.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] (1) This utility model solves the heat dissipation problem of traditional single cells discharging at high rates in a closed space. By learning from the method of internal combustion engines with built-in water tanks, the heat generated by the lithium battery pack is absorbed by water with high specific heat capacity in a short time, thereby effectively meeting the needs of the battery pack in a closed environment.

[0019] (2) This utility model is the first lithium battery pack on the market to use a passive heat storage device and a heat exchanger, providing a valid reference for future models with insulated installation and harsh working conditions.

[0020] (3) This utility model solves the problem between heat exchanger and heat storage device. It utilizes the high-speed heat exchange characteristics of heat pipe to quickly transfer the heat in the battery pack into cold water. At the same time, in order to increase the heat dissipation area, the heat generated by the battery pack is stored in the heat storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Semi-circular heat storage unit and sealing fastening bolts;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of heat exchanger heat pipes;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of heat exchanger heat pipes;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a semi-circular heat storage unit (after welding the heat exchanger);

[0025] Figure 5 This product is suitable for lithium-ion batteries;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a semi-circular heat storage unit (after welding the heat exchanger) with a lithium-ion battery installed.

[0027] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of a semi-circular heat storage unit (after welding the heat exchanger) with a lithium-ion battery fully installed;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembled state of an in-cabin battery thermal storage device.

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an in-cabin battery thermal storage device after it is fully loaded with battery packs.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Heat storage tank; 11. Mounting plane;

[0031] 2. Heat exchanger; 21. Heat pipe; 22. Heat exchange fins;

[0032] 3. Lithium-ion batteries;

[0033] 4. T-shaped plate; 41. Partition plate; 42. End plate;

[0034] 5. Heat-conducting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments disclosed herein will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This application discloses an in-cabin battery thermal storage device, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, it includes a T-shaped plate and two lithium-ion battery packs. Each lithium-ion battery pack includes a heat storage tank 1, a lithium-ion battery 3, and multiple heat exchangers 2. The heat storage tank 1 is a hollow box with a cooling medium inside. The heat storage tank 1 has a mounting surface 11 on its exterior, and multiple heat exchangers 2 are connected to the mounting surface of the heat storage tank 1. The lithium-ion battery 3 is installed between two adjacent heat exchangers 2.

[0037] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the T-shaped plate 4 is made of a thermally conductive material. The T-shaped plate 4 includes a partition 41 and an end plate 42. The end plate 42 is perpendicular to the partition 41 and connected to one end of the partition 41. Two lithium-ion battery packs are respectively installed on both sides of the partition 41, with one end of each battery pack in contact with the end plate 42. The end plate 42 is used to position the relative positions of the lithium-ion battery packs and the partition 41. The T-shaped plate 4 and the two lithium-ion battery packs enter the equipment compartment together. The end of the heat exchanger 2 away from the heat storage tank 1 contacts the partition 41. The external profile of the heat storage tank 1 away from the heat storage tank 1 is determined according to the shape of the inner wall of the equipment compartment so that the lithium-ion battery packs can fit snugly against the inner wall of the equipment compartment.

[0038] In this embodiment, the equipment compartment is cylindrical, so the external surface of the heat storage unit 1 away from the heat storage unit 1 is an arc shape that matches the inner wall of the equipment compartment.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat storage tank 1 is made of aluminum, and the cooling medium inside the heat storage tank 1 is water. A threaded water outlet is provided at one end of the heat storage tank 1. The threaded water outlet is used to add water to or discharging water into the heat storage tank. A screw is threadedly connected to the threaded water outlet, and the screw is used to seal the threaded water outlet. The threaded water outlet is sealed with an M8 screw and sealant.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, heat exchanger 2 is welded from heat pipe 21 and heat exchange plate 22. Heat pipe 21 is welded to one side surface of heat exchange plate 22; one side of heat exchange plate 22 is welded to the mounting plane of heat storage tank 1, and both ends of heat pipe 21 are also welded to the mounting plane of heat storage tank 1. Starting from one end of heat pipe 21, heat pipe 21 extends in a direction away from heat storage tank 1, then bends 180° and extends in the opposite direction, then continues to bend 180° and extends in a direction away from heat storage tank 1; the structure of heat pipe 21 forms a serpentine structure as described above. The weld joint between heat pipe 21 and heat exchange plate 22 is filled with self-leveling solder to increase the heat exchange area. Silicon grease is applied between heat pipe 21 and heat exchange plate 22 to facilitate heat dissipation. Multiple heat exchange plates 22 connected to the same heat storage tank 1 are parallel to each other, and heat exchange plates 22 are perpendicular to the mounting plane of heat storage tank 1.

[0041] Specifically, the heat exchange fins 22 are welded to the mounting plane of the heat storage unit 1, and the weld is sealed twice with tin solder.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, heat pipe 21 is made of a 4mm copper tube bent and wound, with a bend diameter of 8mm. It is filled with elemental iodine. Since iodine molecules flow quickly in the hot zone and heat up slowly in the cold zone, it can achieve spontaneous heat exchange with the cold water in the heat storage tank 1.

[0043] Along the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane of the heat storage device 1, the height of the lithium-ion battery 3 is less than the height of the heat exchange plate 22. A heat-conducting plate 5 is provided at the end of the lithium-ion battery 3 away from the mounting plane of the heat storage device 1. The heat-conducting plate 5 is located between two adjacent heat exchange plates 22, and the height of the heat-conducting plate 5 is equal to the height of the lithium-ion battery 3 and the height of the heat exchange plate 22. The heat-conducting plate 5 and the heat exchange plate 22 are bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive.

[0044] The implementation principle of this application is as follows:

[0045] Multiple lithium-ion batteries 3 are installed between adjacent heat exchangers 2 until the space between heat exchangers 2 on the mounting plane 11 side of one heat storage tank 1 is filled with lithium-ion batteries 3. Then, a heat-conducting plate 5 is installed on the side of the lithium-ion batteries 3 facing away from the heat storage tank 1, and the heat-conducting plate 5 is bonded to the heat exchange plate 22 with thermally conductive adhesive. A lithium-ion battery pack is obtained.

[0046] Repeat the above steps to obtain two lithium-ion battery packs.

[0047] Then, the two lithium-ion battery packs are installed on both sides of the partition 41 of the T-shaped plate 4, and one end of each lithium-ion battery pack is in contact with the end plate 42. Then, the T-shaped plate 4 and the two lithium-ion battery packs are installed together into the equipment compartment.

[0048] Figure 1 It consists of a semi-circular aluminum heat storage unit and fastening bolts, designed to hold 0.712L of pure water, with two sets installed inside the battery pack. Figure 1 The total specific heat capacity is designed to be 5980 kJ / ℃. The design operating temperature is 20℃~75℃. To ensure airtightness, the water insulation sleeve is sealed with bolts coated with sealant to prevent water leakage under severe impact. The semi-circular design allows for close mounting against the equipment compartment wall. Aluminum alloy has high thermal conductivity and is lightweight, which reduces the system weight.

[0049] Figure 2 The drawing shows the detailed design of the heat exchanger, which is made of copper heat pipes and aluminum plates welded together. The heat exchanger and aluminum plates are formed by cold pressing, and the gaps between the cold pressing are filled with solder to ensure full contact between their contact surfaces.

[0050] Figure 3 Detailed design drawings of the heat exchanger heat pipes; 4mm long straight heat pipes are cold-pressed into S-shaped bends (see attached diagram for specific processing parameters). Figure 3 The interior is filled with elemental iodine to facilitate sublimation of the hot section to the cold end (in the heat storage tank) for heat exchange and condensation with the cold water.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the copper thermal storage unit and heat exchanger after welding. The semi-circular aluminum thermal storage unit is drilled and then welded to the heat exchanger. The weld is then sealed with solder.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a single lithium-ion battery cell. (The diagram is repeated in the original text.) Figure 5 As shown, it is inserted into the heat exchanger gap located on the surface of the heat storage tank in the direction of the arrow. Figure 5 Semi-assembly stage

[0053] Figure 6 The semi-circular aluminum thermal storage unit (after welding the heat exchanger) is fully filled with lithium-ion batteries. Two sets. Figure 6 The complete drawing of this utility model shows the device being installed inside a cylinder.

[0054] The contents not described in detail in this application specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

[0055] The present application has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementation methods of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An in-cabin battery thermal storage device, characterized in that: It includes at least one lithium-ion battery pack installed in the equipment compartment. Each lithium-ion battery pack includes a heat storage unit (1), multiple lithium-ion batteries (3) and multiple heat exchangers (2). The heat storage unit (1) is a hollow box with a cooling medium inside. The heat storage unit (1) has an external mounting surface (11). Multiple heat exchangers (2) are connected to the mounting surface of the heat storage unit (1). A lithium-ion battery (3) is installed between two adjacent heat exchangers (2).

2. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage device (1) is provided with a threaded water outlet at one end. The threaded water outlet is used to add water to or discharge water into the heat storage device. The threaded water outlet is connected to a screw, which is used to seal the threaded water outlet.

3. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (2) includes a heat pipe (21) and a heat exchange plate (22). The heat pipe (21) is welded to one side surface of the heat exchange plate (22). One side of the heat exchange plate (22) is welded to the mounting plane of the heat storage device (1), and both ends of the heat pipe (21) are welded to the mounting plane of the heat storage device (1).

4. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat pipe (21) has a serpentine structure.

5. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The serpentine structure is as follows: the heat pipe (21) extends in a direction away from or close to the heat storage unit (1), then bends 180° and extends in the opposite direction.

6. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat pipe (21) and the heat exchange plate (22) are connected by solder, and the solder fills the space between the heat pipe (21) and the heat exchange plate (22) to increase the heat exchange area; silicone grease is applied between the heat pipe (21) and the heat exchange plate (22).

7. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange plate (22) is connected to the heat storage device (1) by a solder joint.

8. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat pipe (21) is filled with iodine.

9. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: With the direction perpendicular to the mounting plane of the heat storage device (1) as the height direction, the height of the lithium-ion battery (3) is less than the height of the heat exchange plate (22). A heat-conducting plate (5) is provided at the end of the lithium-ion battery (3) away from the mounting plane of the heat storage device (1). The heat-conducting plate (5) is located between two adjacent heat exchange plates (22), and the height of the heat-conducting plate (5) is equal to the height of the lithium-ion battery (3) and the height of the heat exchange plate (22). The heat-conducting plate (5) and the heat exchange plate (22) are bonded together by thermally conductive adhesive.

10. The in-cabin battery thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a T-shaped plate (4), which includes a partition (41) and an end plate (42). The end plate (42) is perpendicular to the partition (41) and connected to one end of the partition (41). Two lithium-ion battery packs are respectively installed on both sides of the partition (41). One end of each of the two lithium-ion battery packs is in contact with the end plate (42). The end plate (42) is used to position the relative position of the lithium-ion battery packs and the partition (41). The end of the heat exchanger (2) away from the heat storage tank (1) is in contact with the partition (41).

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