A vehicle-mounted communication antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, include: ground plate is equipped with the feed point, metal radiator is connected with the feed point, has the open coupling path, and the open coupling path and metal radiator jointly constitute the equivalent current loop of antenna, and the equivalent current loop is the closed loop formed through the current distribution fitting, wherein, metal radiator includes a plurality of radiation arms and end stub, and each radiation arm is equipped with a plurality of grooves to realize wideband coverage, and the end stub has the spacing with the feed point to form the open coupling path. The utility model discloses through exciting and control multiple working modes to realize wideband coverage to solve the contradiction between size, cost and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted communication antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent connected vehicles and 5G communication technology, vehicle antennas need to cover more and more frequency bands, including but not limited to low-frequency cellular networks of 698-960MHz, mid-frequency cellular networks of 1710-2690MHz, and the 5G frequency band of 3300-5000MHz. Traditional vehicle antenna solutions usually use multiple independent antennas or large antennas with complex structures, which not only increases costs and design difficulty, but also goes against the trend of lightweight and compact vehicle design.

[0003] To achieve broadband coverage, existing technologies often employ methods such as adding parasitic stubs, loading matching circuits, or using complex multi-layer structures. However, these methods often lead to increased antenna size, higher costs, or increased manufacturing difficulty. Furthermore, the continuous vibrations in the vehicle environment place high demands on the mechanical stability of the antenna; traditional small stub structures are prone to deformation due to vibration, resulting in deterioration of antenna performance.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a novel antenna design that can achieve ultra-wideband coverage within a very small physical size, while also possessing the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and high mechanical stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that the aforementioned vehicle-mounted communication antennas cannot simultaneously achieve small size and ultra-wide bandwidth coverage. This invention provides a vehicle-mounted communication antenna that achieves broadband coverage by exciting and controlling multiple operating modes, thereby resolving the contradiction between size, cost, and stability.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, including: a ground plane and a feed point;

[0007] A metallic radiator, connected to the feed point, has an open coupling path. The open coupling path and the metallic radiator together constitute the equivalent current loop of the antenna. The equivalent current loop is a closed loop formed by fitting the current distribution.

[0008] The metal radiator includes multiple radiating arms and end stubs. Each radiating arm has multiple grooves to achieve wideband coverage. The end stubs are spaced from the feed point to form the open coupling path.

[0009] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the radiating arm includes a first radiating arm, the first radiating arm includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment extends 3.5 mm from the feed point in a direction away from the feed point, the first segment extends 6 mm along the width direction of the ground plane, and the second segment is perpendicularly connected to the first segment and extends 21 mm along the length direction of the ground plane in a direction away from the first segment.

[0010] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the radiating arm includes a second radiating arm, the second radiating arm is connected to the second segment and extends 48mm along the width direction of the ground plane, the width of the second radiating arm is 6.5mm, the first radiating arm is provided with a first groove, the width of the first groove is 3mm and the length is 8mm, the length of the first radiating arm on the left side of the first groove is 34mm, and the length of the first radiating arm on the right side is 5.6mm.

[0011] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna. The radiating arm includes a third radiating arm, which is connected to the second radiating arm and extends along the length direction of the ground plane. The third radiating arm includes a third segment and a fourth segment, which are spaced apart along the length direction of the ground plane. The third segment is connected to the second radiating arm. The third segment extends 3.5 mm along the length direction of the ground plane and has a width of 5.6 mm. The distance between the third segment and the fourth segment is 11 mm. The fourth segment extends 7 mm along the length direction of the ground plane and has a width of 5.6 mm.

[0012] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the third radiating arm further includes a second groove, the second groove is disposed between the third segment and the fourth segment and is connected to the third segment and the fourth segment, and the second groove extends 5.4 mm along the height direction of the ground plane.

[0013] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna. The radiating arm includes a fourth radiating arm, which is connected to the third radiating arm and extends along the width direction of the ground plane. The fourth radiating arm includes a fifth segment and a sixth segment, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the ground plane. The fifth segment is connected to the fourth segment of the third radiating arm. The fifth segment extends 9.6 mm along the width direction of the ground plane and has a width of 3 mm. The distance between the fifth segment and the sixth segment is 13.6 mm. The sixth segment extends 4.4 mm along the width direction of the ground plane and has a width of 3 mm.

[0014] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the third radiating arm further includes a third groove, the third groove is disposed between the fifth segment and the sixth segment and is connected to the fifth segment and the sixth segment, and the third groove extends 3mm along the height direction of the ground plane.

[0015] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the end stub is connected to the sixth segment of the third radiating arm, the end stub includes a seventh segment, an eighth segment, and a ninth segment, the seventh segment is connected to the sixth segment and extends 9.1 mm along the length direction of the ground plane, the width of the seventh segment is 4.4 mm, the distance between the seventh segment and the first segment is 13.7 mm, the eighth segment is perpendicularly connected to the seventh segment and extends 6.8 mm along the height direction of the ground plane, the width of the eighth segment is 5 mm, and the ninth segment is perpendicularly connected to the eighth segment and extends 4.8 mm along the width direction of the ground plane, the width of the ninth segment is 5 mm.

[0016] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the metal radiator further includes a plurality of metal branches, the metal branches extending along the height direction to support the plurality of radiating arms.

[0017] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, wherein the wideband includes broadband coverage of the 698-960MHz, 1710-2690MHz and 3300-5000MHz frequency bands.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model include at least the following:

[0019] Miniaturization: Through multi-mode resonance and three-dimensional spatial layout, multiple frequency bands are covered within a very small physical size, and the electrical size is much smaller than that of traditional antennas.

[0020] Broadband coverage: By exciting multiple operating modes and effectively splicing their resonant frequencies, ultra-wideband continuous coverage from low frequency to high frequency is achieved.

[0021] Simple structure and low cost: The entire antenna is mainly composed of a metal radiator, which is compact, easy to process and install, and significantly reduces manufacturing costs.

[0022] Stable performance: The design of the supporting branches ensures the mechanical and electrical stability of the antenna under complex conditions such as vehicle vibration.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned contents of this utility model more obvious and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1A A perspective view of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model is shown.

[0025] Figure 1B A second perspective view of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model is shown;

[0026] Figure 2A The diagram shows the equivalent current loop (low frequency 698-960MHz) of the closed fundamental mode (zero mode) excited by the semi-open loop structure of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model. All current loop vectors of the surface current mode of this mode distribution have the same direction.

[0027] Figure 2B The diagram shows the equivalent current loop (intermediate frequency 1710-2690MHz) of the closed high-order mode (dual mode) excited by the semi-open loop structure of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes twice.

[0028] Figure 2C The diagram shows the equivalent current loop (high frequency 3300-5000MHz) of the closed fundamental mode (four modes) excited by the semi-open loop structure of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes four times.

[0029] Figure 2D The diagram shows the equivalent current loop (high frequency 3300-5000MHz) of the closed high-order mode (six-mode) excited by the semi-open loop structure of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes six times.

[0030] Figure 3AThe diagram shows the surface current distribution of the equivalent current loop of the fundamental mode (zero mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model (low frequency 948MHz). At this time, the surface current vector directions are consistent and there is no vector reversal.

[0031] Figure 3B This invention illustrates the surface current distribution of the high-order mode (dual-mode) equivalent current loop (intermediate frequency 2000MHz) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this invention. At this time, the surface current vector direction is flipped twice.

[0032] Figure 3C This invention illustrates the surface current distribution of the high-order mode (dual-mode) equivalent current loop (intermediate frequency 2600MHz) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this invention. At this time, the surface current vector direction is flipped twice.

[0033] Figure 3D This invention illustrates the surface current distribution of the high-order mode (quad-mode) equivalent current loop (high frequency 3600MHz) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this invention. At this time, the surface current vector direction is flipped four times.

[0034] Figure 3E This invention illustrates the surface current distribution of the high-order mode (six-mode) equivalent current loop (high frequency 4500MHz) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this invention. At this time, the surface current vector direction is flipped six times.

[0035] Figure 4A The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern (low frequency 948MHz) of the equivalent current loop of the fundamental mode (zero mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model.

[0036] Figure 4B The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern (intermediate frequency 2000MHz) of the equivalent current loop of the high-order mode (two-mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model.

[0037] Figure 4C The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern (intermediate frequency 2600MHz) of the equivalent current loop of the high-order mode (two-mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model.

[0038] Figure 4D The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern (high frequency 3600MHz) of the equivalent current loop of the high-order mode (quad mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model.

[0039] Figure 4E The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the equivalent current loop of the high-order mode (six-mode) of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this utility model (high frequency 4500MHz).

[0040] Figure 5 This invention demonstrates the broadband VSWR of the equivalent closed current loop multi-mode bandwidth extension technology for the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided by this invention.

[0041] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0042] 100 grounding plate; 101 power supply point;

[0043] 200 metallic radiator;

[0044] 210 Radial arm; 211 First radial arm; 212 First segment; 213 Second segment; 220 Second radial arm; 221 First groove; 230 Third radial arm; 231 Third segment; 232 Fourth segment; 233 Second groove; 240 Fourth radial arm; 241 Fifth segment; 242 Sixth segment; 243 Third groove; 250 Terminal branch; 251 Seventh segment; 252 Eighth segment; 253 Ninth segment;

[0045] 400 Supporting branch; 401 First supporting branch; 402 Second supporting branch; 403 Third supporting branch. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. To provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. This utility model may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0047] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0048] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0049] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Existing single-antenna communication modules can only cover the 1710-2690MHz frequency band (only covering the 4G high-frequency band), and have not yet achieved full 5G frequency band coverage. Traditional communication module antenna designs are often limited to a single operating resonance and a single current loop mode. Generally, a single current loop mode can only introduce a single resonant operating frequency band. Multi-band antenna designs often use the method of directly increasing the antenna size, which often excessively compresses high-frequency resonant modes to low-frequency bands, easily introducing redundant high-order modes. In addition, the ground structure of general multi-band antennas adopts a large planar design, and the operating modes often only focus on the antenna element part. Mode analysis usually does not include the ground loop part, making it difficult to form obvious current loop modes. On the other hand, the full-band broadband antenna design that directly increases the antenna size often has to introduce as many high-frequency resonant modes as possible in order to achieve multi-frequency broadband. The operating modes carried by the antenna structure are often difficult to analyze and control, resulting in problems such as chaotic operating modes of large-size structures, difficulty in cross-referencing between frequency bands and modes, large size, and high cost. Traditional multi-band antennas have not yet been able to perform a clear and detailed design of the overall current loop modes. It is generally difficult to explain the working principle formed by the resonant structure corresponding to the multi-mode. There is no clear definition of the resonant mode type corresponding to each frequency band. There is no patent that designs and expands the closed current distribution multi-mode full-band antenna through a small ground loop structure.

[0053] To address this, this application's embodiments combine a small ground loop structure design and implement a closed current loop antenna structure with multi-mode coexistence. It clearly defines the zero-mode, two-mode, four-mode, and six-mode operating modes of the closed current loop, effectively broadening the existing single-band design to a full-band coverage of zero-mode, two-mode, four-mode, and six-mode. It simultaneously excites the first four resonant modes on the same structure, achieving a refined design through mutual comparison between the full-band operating frequency band and the excitation mode. By introducing multiple closed current loop resonant modes, it increases the operating frequency band of multiple resonant modes, expanding the coverage of the 698MHz-960MHz low-frequency band and the 3300-5000MHz ultra-high-frequency band. This application's embodiments solve the technical problems encountered in the miniaturization design of communication module antennas, such as full-band coverage, small size, and low cost. It introduces the fundamental mode (dominant mode) and higher-order mode categories of the equivalent closed current loop, supplementing a new design approach for current loop mode analysis, mode identification, and mode control of full-band antennas, and expanding the multi-mode analysis method for full-band broadband antennas.

[0054] For example, refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B This application provides a vehicle-mounted communication antenna, comprising: a ground plane 100, with a feed point 101 located at the center of the lower edge of the ground plane 100; a three-dimensional metal radiator 200 electrically connected to the feed point 101 and extending upward and outward, the metal radiator 200 having an open coupling path; the metal radiator 200 including multiple radiating arms 210 and terminal stubs 250, each radiating arm 210 having multiple grooves to achieve wideband coverage; and the terminal stubs 250 of the metal radiator 200 being connected to the feed point 101 (i.e.,...). Figure 1A The L11 shown forms the open coupling path described above.

[0055] For example, the metal radiator 200 and the ground plane 100 together form an equivalent current loop (i.e. Figure 2A The closed loop is indicated by the dashed arrow. This loop includes a physical path made of metal (i.e., Figure 1B The thick dashed line represents the metal radiator 200 itself (including its inner and outer edge lines) and an open coupling path formed by space. When the antenna is excited, the current does not flow in a simple wire, but rather forms a resonance in this semi-open physical-spatial composite structure, which is equivalent to a closed current loop (i.e., Figure 2A (The closed loop indicated by the dashed arrow).

[0056] To achieve broadband coverage, the radiating arm 210 is designed to include multiple recesses to tune one or more specific operating modes, namely zero mode (e.g., Figure 2AAs shown), second model (as shown) Figure 2B As shown), four models (such as) Figure 2C (as shown) and six models (such as) Figure 2D (As shown).

[0057] Specifically, the first mode generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure, namely the fundamental mode (zero mode), is as follows: Figure 2A and Figure 3A As shown, where, Figure 3A A simulation diagram of the surface current in zero-mode mode is shown. All current loop vectors in this distributed surface current mode have the same direction. The frequency band corresponding to this zero-mode mode is the low-frequency 698-960MHz. To cover the low-frequency band of 698-960MHz, this embodiment of the application uses a first groove 221 to tune the zero mode. The total physical path length of this mode is configured to be approximately half the wavelength of the low-frequency center frequency (e.g., 820MHz), thereby exciting zero-mode resonance.

[0058] The second mode, namely the higher-order mode (second mode), is generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure, such as... Figure 2B , Figure 3B and Figure 3C As shown, where, Figure 3B A simulation diagram of the surface current at a mid-frequency of 2000MHz in the high-order mode is shown. Figure 3C A simulation diagram of the surface current at an intermediate frequency (IF) of 2600MHz in a higher-order mode is shown. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes twice. The frequency band corresponding to this higher-order mode is IF 1710-2690MHz. To cover the 1710-2690MHz IF band, this embodiment of the application uses a second groove 233 to tune the second-order mode. The physical path length of this mode is configured to be approximately one wavelength of the IF center frequency (e.g., 2200MHz), thereby precisely adjusting the resonant point of the second-order mode within the desired frequency band.

[0059] The third mode, namely the higher-order mode (fourth mode), is generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure, such as... Figure 2C and Figure 3D As shown. Figure 3D A simulation diagram of the surface current at a high frequency of 3600MHz in a high-order mode is shown. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes four times. The frequency band corresponding to this four-mode is the lower-frequency portion of the high-frequency range of 3300-5000MHz. In this embodiment, the fourth-order mode is tuned by setting a third groove 243. The physical path length of this mode is configured to be approximately two wavelengths at the lower-frequency range of the high frequency (e.g., 3300MHz), thereby precisely adjusting the resonant point of the fourth-order mode within the desired frequency band.

[0060] The fourth mode, namely the higher-order mode (sixth mode), is generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure, such as... Figure 2D and Figure 3E As shown. Figure 3E A simulation diagram of the surface current at a high frequency of 4500MHz in a high-order mode is shown. The surface current mode vector direction of this mode distribution changes six times. The frequency band corresponding to this sixth-order mode is the high-frequency portion of 3300-5000MHz. To cover the high-frequency band of 3300-5000MHz, this embodiment uses a stub 250 to tune the sixth-order mode. The distance between the stub 250 and the feed point 101 (i.e., the open coupling path) forms an equivalent capacitance. By adjusting the length and width of the stub 250 and its distance from the ground plane 100, the size of this equivalent capacitance can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the resonant point of the sixth-order mode within the target high-frequency band. The physical path length of this mode is configured to be approximately three wavelengths of the high-frequency portion (e.g., 5000MHz), thereby precisely adjusting the resonant point of the sixth-order mode within the desired frequency band.

[0061] Figure 4A The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the first mode generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure. The fundamental mode (zero mode) resonant frequency of this mode is 948 MHz. At this time, the three-dimensional radiation pattern presents an omnidirectional spherical beam pattern with good omnidirectional coverage.

[0062] Figure 4B The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the second mode generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure. The resonant frequency of the higher-order mode (second mode) of this mode is 2000MHz. At this time, the three-dimensional radiation pattern presents an omni-beam pattern with good omnidirectional coverage.

[0063] Figure 4C The diagram shows a three-dimensional radiation pattern at another frequency point of the second mode generated by a closed equivalent current loop excited by a semi-open loop structure. The high-order mode (second mode) resonant frequency of this mode is 2600MHz. At this time, the three-dimensional radiation pattern presents an omni-beam pattern with good omnidirectional coverage.

[0064] Figure 4D The diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the third mode generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure. The resonant frequency of this higher-order mode (four-mode) is 3600MHz, and the three-dimensional radiation pattern exhibits an omnidirectional beam pattern. Locally, due to the four-fold reversal of the current in the higher-order four-mode, the electric field experiences a dip in the far-field beamforming, but the overall omnidirectional coverage is good.

[0065] Figure 4EThe diagram shows the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the fourth mode generated by the closed equivalent current loop excited by the semi-open loop structure. The resonant frequency of this higher-order mode (sixth mode) is 4500MHz, and the three-dimensional radiation pattern exhibits an omnidirectional beam pattern. Locally, due to the six-fold reversal of the current in the higher-order sixth-mode, the electric field experiences a dip in far-field beamforming, but overall, the omnidirectional coverage is relatively good.

[0066] In other words, the vehicle-mounted communication antenna behaves like an ideal "light bulb" in different operating modes, emitting light (signal) evenly in all directions, ensuring that there are no obvious signal dead zones around the device, and providing users with a stable and seamless wireless coverage experience.

[0067] Specifically, the current modes and their corresponding operating frequencies and bands involved in the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided in this application embodiment are shown in Table 1. Referring to Table 1 below, the equivalent closed loop mode corresponding to the first mode is the fundamental mode zero mode, the corresponding operating frequency is 948MHz, and its covered operating frequency band is 698-960MHz; the equivalent closed loop mode corresponding to the second mode is the higher-order mode two mode, the corresponding operating frequencies are 2000MHz and 2600MHz, and its covered operating frequency band is 1710-2690MHz; the equivalent closed loop mode corresponding to the third mode is the higher-order mode four mode, the corresponding operating frequency is 3600MHz, and its covered operating frequency band is the low-frequency part of 3300-5000MHz; the equivalent closed loop mode corresponding to the fourth mode is the higher-order mode six mode, the corresponding operating frequency is 4500MHz, and its covered operating frequency band is the high-frequency part of 3300-5000MHz. It is worth noting that the equivalent closed loop corresponding to the second mode can be formed in different frequency bands, that is, the higher-order mode has two resonant frequency points, and the current distribution of these two modes is different. The main principle behind this is that the wide and narrow loop structures of the first radiating arm 211, the second radiating arm 220, the third radiating arm 230, and the fourth radiating arm 240 used in the embodiments of this application, as well as the turning connection structures therein (specifically including the third segment 231, the fourth segment 232, and the fifth segment 241), match the open-circuit structure at the end of the closed loop current distribution, so that the current vector direction reversal point of the two modes can be distributed to different positions in the loop, forming a two-mode degenerate mode.

[0068] Table 1. Comparison of Working Modes and Working Frequency Points

[0069]

[0070] Through the above design, this antenna seamlessly splices together the resonant frequencies of four different modes: zero-mode, second-order mode, fourth-order mode, and sixth-order mode. Figure 5As shown in the VSWR curve, ultra-wideband coverage from 698MHz to 5000MHz was finally achieved.

[0071] In this embodiment, the electrical dimensions of the antenna at the lowest operating frequency of 698MHz are approximately: length 0.14 wavelengths, width 0.07 wavelengths, and height 0.035 wavelengths, achieving a high degree of miniaturization.

[0072] To achieve the aforementioned multimode bandwidth broadening function, in a specific manufacturing example, the dimensions of each part can be referenced as follows (this is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation of this application):

[0073] Continue to refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B The radiating arm 210 includes a first radiating arm 211, which includes a first segment 212 and a second segment 213. The first segment 212 extends from the feed point 101 away from the feed point 101 at a height H1 = 3.5 mm. The first segment 212 extends along the width direction of the ground plane 100 (i.e., Figure 1A The second segment 213 extends with a width W1 = 6mm in the Y direction (as shown). It is perpendicularly connected to the first segment 212 and extends along the length of the grounding plate 100 (i.e., Figure 1A The length L1 = 21 mm extends in the X direction (as shown) away from the first segment 212.

[0074] The radiating arm 210 includes a second radiating arm 220, which is connected to the second segment 213 and extends along the width direction of the ground plane 100 (i.e., Figure 1A The length of the second radiating arm 220 (in the Y direction shown) is L2=48mm, the width of the second radiating arm 220 is W2=6.5mm, the second radiating arm 220 is provided with a first groove 221, the width of the first groove 221 is W3=3mm, the length of the first groove 221 is L3=8mm, the length of the second radiating arm 220 on the right side of the first groove 221 is L31=34mm, and the length of the second radiating arm 220 on the left side is L32=5.6mm.

[0075] Radiation arm 210 includes a third radiation arm 230, which includes a third segment 231 and a fourth segment 232. The third segment 231 and the fourth segment 232 are along the length direction of the ground plane 100 (i.e. Figure 1A The third segment 231 is connected to the second radiating arm 220 and is spaced apart along the length of the ground plane 100 (i.e., in the X direction shown). Figure 1A The extension length L4 in the X direction shown is 3.5 mm, the width W4 of the third segment 231 is 5.6 mm, the distance L5 between the third segment 231 and the fourth segment 232 is 11 mm, and the fourth segment 232 extends along the length of the grounding plate 100 (i.e., Figure 1AThe extension length L6 (shown in the X direction) is 7mm, and the width of the fourth segment 232 is the same as the width W4 of the third segment 231, which is 5.6mm.

[0076] The third radiating arm 230 also includes a second groove 233, which is located between the third segment 231 and the fourth segment 232 and is connected to the third segment 231 and the fourth segment 232. The second groove 233 extends along the height direction of the grounding plate 100 (i.e., Figure 1A The Z-direction extension height H2 is 5.4 mm.

[0077] Radiation arm 210 includes a fourth radiation arm 240, which includes a fifth segment 241 and a sixth segment 242. The fifth segment 241 and the sixth segment 242 are along the width direction of the ground plane 100 (i.e. Figure 1A The fifth segment 241 is connected to the fourth segment 232, and the fifth segment 241 is spaced along the width direction of the ground plane 100 (i.e., Y direction). Figure 1A The extension length L7 (as shown in the Y direction) is 9.6 mm, the width W5 of the fifth segment 241 is 3 mm, the distance between the fifth segment 241 and the sixth segment 242 is L8 = 13.6 mm, the extension length L9 of the sixth segment 242 along the width direction of the grounding plate 100 is 4.4 mm, and the width W6 of the sixth segment 242 is the same as the width W5 of the fifth segment 241, which is 3 mm.

[0078] The fourth radiating arm 240 also includes a third groove 243, which is located between and connected to the fifth segment 241 and the sixth segment 242. The third groove 243 extends along the height direction of the grounding plate 100 (i.e., Figure 1A (As shown in the Z direction) Extend H3=3mm.

[0079] The terminal branch 250 is connected to the sixth segment 242. The terminal branch 250 includes the seventh segment 251, the eighth segment 252, and the ninth segment 253. The seventh segment 251 is connected to the sixth segment 242 and extends along the length direction of the ground plane 100 by a length L10 = 9.1 mm. The width of the seventh segment 251 is W7 = 4.4 mm. The distance between the seventh segment 251 and the first segment 212 (i.e., the open coupling path) is L11 = 13.7 mm. The eighth segment 252 is perpendicularly connected to the seventh segment 251 and extends along the height direction of the ground plane 100 by a height H4 = 6.8 mm. The width of the eighth segment 252 is W8 = 5 mm. The ninth segment 253 is perpendicularly connected to the eighth segment 252 and extends along the width direction of the ground plane 100 by a length L12 = 4.8 mm. The width of the ninth segment 253 is the same as the width W8 of the eighth segment 252, which is 5 mm.

[0080] In addition, the metal radiator 200 is provided with multiple support branches 400 extending along the height direction. These support branches 400 not only participate in the current distribution and are part of the equivalent current loop, but more importantly, they act as mechanical support feet, stably fixing the entire metal radiator 200 to the ground plane 100, effectively avoiding performance deviation caused by vehicle vibration, and greatly improving the reliability and durability of the antenna.

[0081] Specifically, a portion of the second radiating arm 220 extends in the height direction close to the ground plane 100 to form a first support branch 401, the third segment 231 and the fourth segment 232 extend in the height direction close to the ground plane 100 to form a second support branch 402, a second groove 233 is provided on the second support branch 402, the fifth segment 241 and the sixth segment 242 extend in the height direction close to the ground plane 100 to form a third support branch 403, and a third groove 243 is provided on the third support branch 403.

[0082] This application provides improvements to vehicle-mounted communication antennas, covering the full-band operating bandwidth of 698-960MHz, 1710-2690MHz, and 3300-5000MHz. Specifically, this application can excite multiple high-order current loop distribution modes under the same structure, with each current loop mode expanding to a corresponding low, medium, and high operating bandwidth, achieving a broadband full-band antenna design. The excited current loop modes, increasing in frequency, are: fundamental mode zero mode, higher-order mode two mode, higher-order mode four mode, and higher-order mode six mode; the corresponding operating frequencies for vehicle communication are: low frequency 698-960MHz, medium frequency 1710-2690MHz, and high frequency 3300-5000MHz. The vehicle-mounted antenna provided in this application has the ability to simultaneously excite the first four current loop modes and utilize the first four modes to broaden the bandwidth. This not only meets the working requirements of vehicle-mounted communication antennas, but also allows the antenna electrical structure to be formed in one step, eliminating the need for additional loop design for higher-order current modes. This saves design costs during the R&D phase and features low cost, easy integration, wide application range, and easy tuning.

[0083] In other words, the vehicle-mounted communication antenna provided in this embodiment uses a square metal ground structure (i.e., ground plane 100) with current feeding at its lower edge. The excited surface current is distributed in a semi-open loop. The overall equivalent closed current loop path is composed of current loop radiating arms in four directions: up, down, left, and right. The turning connection structure of the four radiating arms has been added and optimized, effectively influencing the resonant frequency of the multimode used for bandwidth broadening and effectively controlling the distribution position of different high and low modes along the frequency axis. At the end of the current loop, an open-circuit structure is added to match the coupling effect of the closed loop current distribution mode. The width and length of this structure, as well as its position near the ground plane 100, jointly affect the broadband formation effect of the closed loop current distribution mode bandwidth broadening.

[0084] Based on this closed current loop, four operating modes are formed. Using artificial control methods for each mode's frequency band, a full-band broadband design is achieved. Specifically, based on the zero-mode mode of the vehicle-mounted communication antenna structure provided in this application embodiment, its corresponding low-frequency 698-960MHz operating band is achieved; based on the two-mode mode, its corresponding mid-frequency 1710-2690MHz operating band is achieved; based on the four-mode mode, its corresponding high-frequency 3300-5000MHz low-frequency operating band is achieved; and based on the six-mode mode, its corresponding high-frequency 3300-5000MHz high-frequency operating band is achieved. By utilizing the combined excitation and optimization of the first four operating modes, the closed current loop antenna of this application embodiment achieves a full-band coverage design.

[0085] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: It clearly defines the zero-mode, two-mode, four-mode, and six-mode operating modes of the closed current loop, effectively broadening the existing single-band design to a full-band coverage of zero-mode, two-mode, four-mode, and six-mode. It simultaneously excites the first four resonant modes on the same structure, achieving refined design through mutual comparison between the full-band operating frequency band and the excitation mode. By introducing multiple closed current loop resonant modes, it increases the operating frequency band of various resonant modes, expands the coverage of the 698MHz-960MHz low-frequency band, and expands the coverage of the 3300-5000MHz ultra-high-frequency band, achieving a miniaturized design of a communication module antenna with full-band coverage, small size, and low cost. Combined with a small ground loop structure, it effectively develops and realizes a closed current loop antenna design with multi-mode coexistence.

[0086] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted communication antenna, characterized in that, include: The grounding plate is equipped with a power supply point; A metallic radiator, connected to the feed point, has an open coupling path. The open coupling path and the metallic radiator together constitute the equivalent current loop of the antenna. The equivalent current loop is a closed loop formed by fitting the current distribution. The metal radiator includes multiple radiating arms and end stubs. Each radiating arm has multiple grooves to achieve wideband coverage. The end stubs are spaced from the feed point to form the open coupling path.

2. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating arm includes a first radiating arm, which includes a first segment and a second segment. The first segment extends 3.5 mm from the feed point in a direction away from the feed point and extends 6 mm along the width direction of the ground plane. The second segment is perpendicularly connected to the first segment and extends 21 mm along the length direction of the ground plane in a direction away from the first segment.

3. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiating arm includes a second radiating arm, which is connected to the second segment and extends 48mm along the width direction of the ground plane. The width of the second radiating arm is 6.5mm. The first radiating arm is provided with a first groove, which is 3mm wide and 8mm long. The length of the first radiating arm on the left side of the first groove is 34mm, and the length of the first radiating arm on the right side is 5.6mm.

4. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radiating arm includes a third radiating arm connected to the second radiating arm and extending along the length of the ground plane. The third radiating arm includes a third segment and a fourth segment, which are spaced apart along the length of the ground plane. The third segment is connected to the second radiating arm and extends 3.5 mm along the length of the ground plane. The width of the third segment is 5.6 mm. The distance between the third segment and the fourth segment is 11 mm. The fourth segment extends 7 mm along the length of the ground plane and has a width of 5.6 mm.

5. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third radiating arm further includes a second groove, which is located between the third segment and the fourth segment and is connected to the third segment and the fourth segment. The second groove extends 5.4 mm along the height direction of the grounding plate.

6. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radiating arm includes a fourth radiating arm connected to the third radiating arm and extending along the width direction of the ground plane. The fourth radiating arm includes a fifth segment and a sixth segment, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the ground plane. The fifth segment is connected to the fourth segment of the third radiating arm. The fifth segment extends 9.6 mm along the width direction of the ground plane and has a width of 3 mm. The distance between the fifth segment and the sixth segment is 13.6 mm. The sixth segment extends 4.4 mm along the width direction of the ground plane and has a width of 3 mm.

7. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third radiating arm also includes a third groove, which is located between the fifth segment and the sixth segment and is connected to the fifth segment and the sixth segment. The third groove extends 3mm along the height direction of the grounding plate.

8. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The terminal branch is connected to the sixth segment of the third radial arm. The terminal branch includes a seventh segment, an eighth segment, and a ninth segment. The seventh segment is connected to the sixth segment and extends 9.1 mm along the length direction of the ground plane. The width of the seventh segment is 4.4 mm. The distance between the seventh segment and the first segment is 13.7 mm. The eighth segment is perpendicularly connected to the seventh segment and extends 6.8 mm along the height direction of the ground plane. The width of the eighth segment is 5 mm. The ninth segment is perpendicularly connected to the eighth segment and extends 4.8 mm along the width direction of the ground plane. The width of the ninth segment is 5 mm.

9. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal radiator also includes a plurality of metal branches that extend along the height direction to support the plurality of the radiating arms.

10. The vehicle-mounted communication antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband band includes wide coverage of the 698-960MHz, 1710-2690MHz and 3300-5000MHz frequency bands.

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