Dual polarized directional antenna

Abstract

The application provides a dual-polarized directional antenna, comprising: a dielectric substrate; a radiating element, which is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate and comprises four Vivaldi oscillators, each of which has a radiation slot, the four radiation slots are arranged at 90 degrees in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the dielectric substrate and comprise a first radiation slot in a first direction, a second radiation slot in the opposite direction of the first direction, a third radiation slot in a second direction and a fourth radiation slot in the opposite direction of the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; and a feeding element, which is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate away from the radiating element and comprises four feeding baluns, the four feeding baluns correspond to the four Vivaldi oscillators one by one, and each feeding balun is coupled with the radiation slot of the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator. The dual-polarized directional antenna has the advantages of compact structure, stable performance, good dual-polarized characteristics and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-polarized directional antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G), its high speed, low latency, and large capacity have brought unprecedented development opportunities to various industries. In the early stages of 5G network construction, due to the varying levels of 5G network support among smart terminal devices, Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), as a device that converts 5G signals into Wi-Fi or wired network signals, is particularly important. CPE can provide convenient high-speed network access services for homes, businesses, and public places, meeting users' needs for high-speed networks.

[0003] However, existing antenna technologies still have shortcomings in achieving dual polarization. Traditional antennas often employ a single polarization, and it is difficult to achieve an ideal balance between antenna size and performance. Especially in the 5G band, higher requirements are placed on antenna gain, polarization characteristics, and size. Currently available antenna solutions on the market are insufficient to meet the needs of diverse wireless device products. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a dual-polarized directional antenna, which has advantages such as compact structure, stable performance, and good dual-polarization characteristics.

[0005] This application provides a dual-polarized directional antenna, including: Dielectric substrate; A radiating element is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate. The radiating element includes four Vivaldi oscillators, each of which has a radiating slot. The four radiating slots are arranged at 90° intervals along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the dielectric substrate, and include a first radiating slot along a first direction, a second radiating slot along the opposite direction of the first direction, a third radiating slot along a second direction, and a fourth radiating slot along the opposite direction of the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. A power feeder is disposed on the dielectric substrate on the side away from the radiating element. The power feeder includes four power feed baluns, each of which corresponds to one of the four Vivaldi oscillators. Each power feed balun is coupled to the radiating slot of the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator.

[0006] In some embodiments, the projection of the first radiating groove on the dielectric substrate intersects the projection of the corresponding feed balun on the dielectric substrate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the four feed baluns include a first feed balun, a second feed balun, a third feed balun, and a fourth feed balun. The first feed balun is coupled to a first radiating slot, the second feed balun is coupled to a second radiating slot, the third feed balun is coupled to a third radiating slot, and the fourth feed balun is coupled to a fourth radiating slot. The feed element further includes a first power divider network and a second power divider network. Both the first power divider network and the second power divider network are disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate having the feed element. The first power divider network connects the first feed balun and the second feed balun, and the second power divider network connects the third feed balun and the fourth feed balun.

[0008] In some embodiments, the dual-polarized directional antenna further includes a first feed and a second feed, wherein the first feed is connected to the input of the first power divider network and the second feed is connected to the input of the second power divider network.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first power divider network includes a first power divider segment and a second power divider segment, the first power divider segment and the second power divider segment are respectively disposed on both sides of the second power divider network, a metal via is disposed on the dielectric substrate, and a microstrip line is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the power supply device, and the first power divider segment and the second power divider segment are connected by double-sided circuit jumpers through the metal via and the microstrip line.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first power divider network has a first tuning stub in the middle for antenna input impedance matching.

[0011] In some embodiments, the four Vivaldi oscillators are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the dielectric substrate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the radiating element includes a reflective portion formed in the middle region of the dielectric substrate and located between the radiating slots of the four Vivaldi oscillators, for isolating adjacent Vivaldi oscillators and improving the front-to-back ratio.

[0013] In some embodiments, the power supply element further includes an L-shaped stub disposed at the end of the power supply balun for achieving broadband short-circuit matching.

[0014] In some embodiments, adjacent Vivaldi oscillators are spaced to form an isolation groove.

[0015] The dual-polarized directional antenna provided in this application includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating element, and a feeding element. The radiating element is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate and includes four Vivaldi elements. Each Vivaldi element has a radiating slot, comprising a first radiating slot along a first direction, a second radiating slot in the opposite direction to the first direction, a third radiating slot along a second direction, and a fourth radiating slot in the opposite direction to the second direction, with the first direction perpendicular to the second direction. This symmetrical and orthogonal arrangement allows the antenna to radiate in two mutually perpendicular directions to achieve dual polarization. The feeding element includes multiple feeding baluns, each of which is coupled to the corresponding radiating slot of the Vivaldi element. This coupled feeding method effectively transfers energy from the feeding element to the radiating element while ensuring signal stability and accuracy. The feeding baluns not only provide power but also improve the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna to a certain extent, thereby increasing the antenna's radiation efficiency. This dual-polarized directional antenna achieves dual polarization through a unique design and has advantages such as compact structure, stable performance, and good dual polarization characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a dual-polarized directional antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating element provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a dual-polarized directional antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 The return loss diagram of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in the embodiments of this application is shown.

[0023] Figure 7The radiation 3D pattern of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in the embodiments of this application is as follows: Figure (1) is the radiation 3D pattern along the x-axis; Figure (2) is the radiation 3D pattern along the z-axis.

[0024] Figure 8 The radiation 2D pattern of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] This application provides a dual-polarized directional antenna, which has advantages such as compact structure, stable performance, and good dual-polarization characteristics. The following is a detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a dual-polarized directional antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. An embodiment of this application provides a dual-polarized directional antenna 100, including a dielectric substrate 10, a radiating element 20, and a feeding element 30.

[0028] The dielectric substrate 10 serves as the support and load-bearing structure for the entire antenna, providing a stable mounting platform for the radiating element 20 and the feed element 30. This dielectric substrate 10 ensures the antenna has good electrical performance and mechanical strength. For example, selecting a dielectric material with a low dielectric constant and loss tangent can reduce signal loss during transmission and improve the antenna's radiation efficiency. The dielectric substrate can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene, ABS, FR4 epoxy board, etc., to reduce costs. In some cases, the dielectric substrate 10 can also be an air layer.

[0029] The radiating element 20 is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate 10. The edge of the radiating element 20 can be a straight line or an edge.

[0030] Please accept this. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating element provided in an embodiment of this application. The radiating element 20 includes four Vivaldi oscillators 21, each Vivaldi oscillator 21 having a radiating slot 22. The four radiating slots 22 are arranged at 90° intervals along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the dielectric substrate 10. This arrangement is an important basis for realizing dual polarization.

[0031] The four radiation slots 22 include a first radiation slot 221 along the first direction X, a second radiation slot 222 along the opposite direction of the first direction X, a third radiation slot 223 along the second direction Y, and a fourth radiation slot 224 along the opposite direction of the second direction Y, wherein the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0032] The Vivaldi oscillator 21 itself has advantages such as wide bandwidth and high gain. Its unique gradient groove structure can effectively guide the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves and maintain stable radiation characteristics over a wide frequency range. By arranging four Vivaldi oscillators 21 on the dielectric substrate 10 in a specific manner, their radiation characteristics can be fully utilized to realize the function of the dual-polarized directional antenna 100.

[0033] The four radiating slots 22 are arranged at 90° intervals, allowing the antenna to radiate in two mutually perpendicular directions. When different radiating slots 22 are excited, electromagnetic waves with different polarization directions can be generated. For example, when the vibrators corresponding to the first and second radiating slots 221 and 222 are excited, the polarization direction of the generated electromagnetic waves is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves generated when the vibrators corresponding to the third and fourth radiating slots 223 and 224 are excited, thus achieving dual polarization. This arrangement is not only compact but also effectively reduces interference between different polarization channels, improving the antenna's dual polarization characteristics.

[0034] The radiating element 20 is made of a metal conductor with good electrical conductivity, which can be copper foil, aluminum sheet, or copper sheet.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] The power feeder 30 is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 10 away from the radiator 20. The power feeder 30 includes four power feed baluns 31, which correspond one-to-one with four Vivaldi oscillators 21. Each power feed balun 31 is coupled to the radiating slot 22 of the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator 21.

[0037] The feed balun 31 is a microstrip line disposed on the dielectric substrate 10. The microstrip line structure has the advantages of small size, light weight and easy integration, which can well adapt to the layout requirements of the dielectric substrate 10, and facilitates good connection with surrounding circuits, thus providing convenience for the miniaturization and integration design of antennas.

[0038] The feed balun 31 plays a crucial role in the antenna, not only efficiently transferring energy from the feed circuit to the radiator 20 but also improving the antenna's impedance matching characteristics. By coupling with the radiating slot 22 of the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator 21, the feed balun 31 can precisely control the amplitude and phase of the excitation signal, thereby achieving independent control of electromagnetic waves with different polarization directions. For example, by adjusting the structure and parameters of the feed balun 31, different feed baluns 31 can excite the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator 21 to generate electromagnetic wave radiation with different polarization directions, while ensuring isolation between the various polarization channels and reducing mutual interference.

[0039] Compared to direct feeding, coupled feeding offers greater flexibility and adaptability. It avoids reflections and interference that can be introduced by direct feeding, improving signal transmission efficiency and quality. Furthermore, coupled feeding can improve the antenna's radiation pattern to some extent, giving it stronger radiation capability in specific directions and enhancing its directivity.

[0040] The dual-polarized directional antenna 100 of this application embodiment offers significant advantages. Firstly, it achieves dual polarization. By intersecting the four radiating slots 22 at 90° intervals and coupling the four feed baluns 31 with the four Vivaldi elements 21, dual polarization is effectively achieved, meeting the needs of modern communication systems. This feature enhances the capacity and reliability of the communication system, reduces multipath interference, and ensures communication quality. Secondly, it possesses wideband characteristics. The Vivaldi elements 21 themselves have a wideband, and combined with a reasonable antenna structure design, the antenna can operate over a wider frequency range. Thirdly, it exhibits high gain characteristics. Optimized structures of the radiating element 20 and feed element 30 result in high antenna gain, improving signal transmission distance and quality while reducing transmission loss. At the same power, it achieves a longer communication distance or better signal quality compared to traditional antennas. Fourthly, it has a compact structure. The integrated design combines the radiating element 20 and feed element 30 on both sides of the dielectric substrate 10, resulting in a small size, easy installation and deployment, reduced manufacturing costs, and improved production efficiency, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained communication equipment.

[0041] The dielectric substrate 10 can be square. Four Vivaldi elements 21 are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the dielectric substrate 10, which can effectively achieve high gain, wide bandwidth and good dual polarization characteristics of the antenna, and is conducive to optimizing the radiation pattern of the antenna, reducing mutual interference between different elements, and improving the overall performance and stability of the antenna.

[0042] Please continue reading. Figure 2The radiating element 20 includes a reflective portion 23, which is formed in the middle region of the dielectric substrate 10 and located between the radiating slots 22 of the four Vivaldi oscillators 21. The reflective portion 23 is used to isolate adjacent Vivaldi oscillators 21 and improve the front-to-back ratio. In other words, the reflective portion 23 can effectively isolate adjacent Vivaldi oscillators 21, reduce mutual interference between them, and significantly improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's radiation efficiency, directivity, and communication quality.

[0043] The reflector 23 is located between the radiation slots 22 of the four Vivaldi oscillators 21, and it can block the direct propagation of electromagnetic waves radiated by adjacent oscillators. From the perspective of electromagnetic wave propagation, the reflector 23 can separate the radiation areas of adjacent oscillators. For example, when two adjacent Vivaldi oscillators 21 are operating simultaneously, the reflector 23 will reflect a portion of the electromagnetic waves from one oscillator, making it difficult for them to enter the radiation area of ​​the other oscillator, thereby reducing the electromagnetic coupling between them.

[0044] Please continue reading. Figure 3 The feed element 30 also includes an L-shaped stub 32, which is disposed at the end of the feed balun 31 to achieve broadband short-circuit matching. This L-shaped stub 32 effectively widens the antenna's bandwidth, achieves good broadband short-circuit matching, reduces signal reflection loss during transmission, and improves the antenna's radiation efficiency and signal transmission quality. This L-shaped stub 32 can be an inverted L-shaped stub.

[0045] In traditional fed balun 31 designs, due to their simple structure, it is often difficult to achieve ideal impedance matching over a wide frequency range, leading to signal reflection during transmission and reducing the antenna's radiation efficiency. In this application, the L-shaped stub 32 at the end of the fed balun 31 provides additional reactance compensation for the antenna.

[0046] From the perspective of electromagnetic field theory, the length, width, and other parameters of the L-shaped stub 32 can be precisely adjusted to adjust its inductance and capacitance characteristics. By rationally designing these parameters, the L-shaped stub 32 can generate reactances opposite to the mismatched portions of the feed balun 31 and the radiating element 20 at different frequency points, thereby canceling out the effects of mismatch and achieving broadband short-circuit matching.

[0047] Electromagnetic coupling and interference between adjacent Vivaldi elements 21 are important factors affecting antenna performance. To reduce this interference, an isolation slot 24 is formed between adjacent Vivaldi elements 21 in this application. The isolation slot 24 formed between adjacent Vivaldi elements 21 can effectively reduce electromagnetic coupling between elements, improve the isolation between different polarization channels, improve the radiation pattern and polarization characteristics of the antenna, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna.

[0048] In the dual-polarized directional antenna 100, four Vivaldi elements 21 are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the dielectric substrate 10 to achieve dual polarization. However, when adjacent Vivaldi elements 21 are in operation, the electromagnetic waves they radiate may couple with each other, causing distortion of the antenna's radiation pattern, deterioration of polarization characteristics, and reduced isolation between different polarization channels. The isolation slot 24 is equivalent to introducing an electromagnetic barrier between adjacent elements. When electromagnetic waves propagate to the isolation slot 24, due to the properties of the medium inside the slot and the geometry of the slot, the electromagnetic waves will undergo reflection and scattering, thereby reducing the electromagnetic energy propagating from one element to another.

[0049] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. The projection of the first radiating slot 221 onto the dielectric substrate 10 intersects the projection of the corresponding feed balun 31 onto the dielectric substrate 10. This cross-shaped arrangement of the projections of the first radiating slot 221 and the corresponding feed balun 31 enables efficient coupling between the feed balun 31 and the radiating slot 221, ensuring stable signal transmission. It also helps optimize the antenna's radiation pattern, improving the antenna's gain and directivity.

[0050] In antenna design, the coupling efficiency between the feed balun 31 and the radiating slot 22 directly affects the antenna's radiation performance. An improper arrangement of the feed balun 31 and the radiating slot 22 can lead to poor signal transmission, reflections, and losses, thus reducing the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0051] When the first radiating slot 221 and the corresponding feed balun 31 are projected to cross each other, this arrangement allows the electromagnetic field of the feed balun 31 to be coupled more uniformly into the radiating slot 22. From the perspective of electromagnetic field distribution, the cross-shaped arrangement allows the electromagnetic waves generated by the feed balun 31 to interact with the radiating slot 22 from multiple directions, increasing the coupling area and coupling strength.

[0052] The power supply component 30 is a key component that connects the feed source and the radiation tank 22 to realize energy transmission.

[0053] Please continue reading. Figure 4The four feed baluns 31 include a first feed balun 311, a second feed balun 312, a third feed balun 313, and a fourth feed balun 314. The first feed balun 311 is coupled to the first radiating slot 221, the second feed balun 312 is coupled to the second radiating slot 222, the third feed balun 313 is coupled to the third radiating slot 223, and the fourth feed balun 314 is coupled to the fourth radiating slot 224. This one-to-one coupling method ensures that each feed balun 31 can efficiently and accurately transfer energy to the corresponding radiating slot 22, reducing energy loss and interference during transmission.

[0054] Please see Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the feed device provided in an embodiment of this application. The feed device 30 also includes a first power divider network 33 and a second power divider network 34, both of which are disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate 10 where the feed device 30 is located. This layout fully considers the space utilization inside the antenna and the convenience of signal transmission. The first power divider network 33 and the second power divider network 34 are made of metal conductors with good conductivity.

[0055] The first power distribution network 33 connects the first feed balun 311 and the second feed balun 312, and the second power distribution network 34 connects the third feed balun 313 and the fourth feed balun 314, forming a clear signal distribution path. Through this connection method, signals from different feed sources can be accurately transmitted to the corresponding feed balun 31, thereby providing excitation for the radiating slot 22.

[0056] The dual-polarized directional antenna 100 also includes a first feed 60 and a second feed 70. The first feed 60 is connected to the input of the first power divider network 33, and the second feed 70 is connected to the input of the second power divider network 34. This power divider network design allows the signal from the feed to be rationally distributed to different feed baluns 31, and then transmitted to the corresponding radiating slots 22, realizing the dual-polarized radiation of the antenna.

[0057] Different feed sources can generate signals with different polarization directions. The first feed source 60 is connected to the input of the first power divider network 33. Its generated signal is distributed by the first power divider network 33 to the first feed balun 311 and the second feed balun 312, and then transmitted to the first radiating slot 221 and the second radiating slot 222, forming radiation in one polarization direction. The second feed source 70 is connected to the input of the second power divider network 34. Its generated signal is distributed by the second power divider network 34 to the third feed balun 313 and the fourth feed balun 314, and then transmitted to the third radiating slot 223 and the fourth radiating slot 224, forming radiation in another polarization direction. This design allows the antenna to simultaneously receive and transmit signals with two different polarization directions, greatly improving the capacity and reliability of the communication system. In a communication system, dual-polarized signals can transmit different information simultaneously or be used to achieve polarization diversity, thereby reducing the impact of signal fading and improving communication quality.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The first power divider network 33 includes a first power divider segment 331 and a second power divider segment 332. The first power divider segment 331 and the second power divider segment 332 are respectively disposed on both sides of the second power divider network 34. Metal vias are provided on the dielectric substrate 10, and a microstrip line is provided on the side of the dielectric substrate 10 away from the feed element 30. The first power divider segment 331 and the second power divider segment 332 are connected by a double-sided circuit via the metal vias and the microstrip line. This unique structural layout breaks the limitations of traditional single-sided circuits, makes full use of the space of the dielectric substrate 10, and realizes more complex circuit functions within a limited space, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the dual-polarized directional antenna 100.

[0059] By using a double-sided circuit jumper, the intersection of the first power divider network 33 and the second power divider network 34 is avoided. In antenna design, network intersections can lead to electromagnetic interference, signal coupling, and other problems, affecting antenna performance. This double-sided circuit jumper structure effectively reduces mutual interference between different networks, improving the stability and accuracy of signal transmission. For example, in actual antenna testing, this structure significantly improved the isolation between different networks and reduced crosstalk, thus ensuring that the antenna can accurately distribute and transmit signals, achieving good dual-polarization radiation performance.

[0060] The first power divider network 33 has a first tuning stub 333 in its middle section for antenna input impedance matching. Input impedance matching is a key factor in ensuring efficient signal transmission in an antenna system. If the input impedance is mismatched, signal reflection will occur, reducing the antenna's radiation efficiency. The first tuning stub 333, by adjusting its length, width, and other parameters, can change the reactance characteristics of the power divider network, thereby matching it with the input impedance of the feed and the antenna.

[0061] The second power divider network 34 has a second tuning stub 341 in the middle, which is also used to achieve antenna input impedance matching.

[0062] Please see Figures 6 to 8 , Figure 6 A return loss diagram of a dual-polarized directional antenna provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 The radiation 3D pattern of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in the embodiments of this application: Figure (1) is the radiation 3D pattern along the x-axis; Figure (2) is the radiation 3D pattern along the z-axis. Figure 8 The radiation 2D pattern of the dual-polarized directional antenna provided in this embodiment is shown. As can be seen from the return loss, radiation 3D and 2D patterns of the dual-polarized directional antenna 100, it possesses advantages such as high gain and horizontal omnidirectional radiation.

[0063] Please continue reading. Figure 6 Return loss reflects the degree of matching between the antenna and the feed line; a higher value indicates a better match and higher energy transmission efficiency. The antenna in this application exhibits generally low return loss values ​​within its operating frequency band, mostly less than -5dB and in some areas less than -20dB, indicating excellent matching with the feed line, efficient signal transmission, and reduced energy loss due to reflection.

[0064] Please continue reading. Figure 7 A 3D radiation pattern can visually display the three-dimensional radiation characteristics of an antenna, providing insights into parameters such as main lobe width and sidelobe level. This antenna exhibits uniform radiation distribution in the horizontal plane, demonstrating excellent horizontal omnidirectionality, meaning stable radiation intensity across all horizontal angles. This is crucial for communication systems covering large horizontal areas. For example, in WLAN applications, a horizontal omnidirectional antenna ensures stable signal reception for terminal devices in all directions, both indoors and outdoors, improving coverage and reliability.

[0065] Please continue reading. Figure 8 A 2D radiation pattern is a projection of a 3D radiation pattern onto a specific plane, providing a clearer view of the radiation characteristics within that plane. The 2D radiation pattern of the antenna in this application shows that the gain changes smoothly at different angles without significant fluctuations, further demonstrating its excellent omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the horizontal direction and providing a reference for antenna installation and debugging.

[0066] The dual-polarized directional antenna 100 provided in this embodiment includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiating element 20, and a feeding element 30. The radiating element 20 is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate 10 and includes four Vivaldi elements 21. Each Vivaldi element 21 has a radiating slot 22. The four radiating slots 22 include a first radiating slot 221 along a first direction X, a second radiating slot 222 along the opposite direction of the first direction X, a third radiating slot 223 along a second direction Y, and a fourth radiating slot 224 along the opposite direction of the second direction Y, wherein the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y. This symmetrical and orthogonal arrangement enables the antenna to generate radiation in two mutually perpendicular directions to achieve dual polarization. The feeding element 30 includes multiple feeding baluns 31, each feeding balun 31 being coupled to the radiating slot 22 of the corresponding Vivaldi element 21. This coupled feeding method can effectively transfer energy from the feeding element 30 to the radiating element 20 while ensuring signal stability and accuracy. The function of the feed balun 31 is not only to supply power, but also to improve the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna to a certain extent and increase the antenna's radiation efficiency. This dual-polarized directional antenna 100 achieves dual-polarization through a unique design, and has advantages such as compact structure, stable performance, and good dual-polarization characteristics.

[0067] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0068] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0069] The dual-polarized directional antenna provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized directional antenna, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate; A radiating element is disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate. The radiating element includes four Vivaldi oscillators, each of which has a radiating slot. The four radiating slots are arranged at 90° intervals along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the dielectric substrate, and include a first radiating slot along a first direction, a second radiating slot along the opposite direction of the first direction, a third radiating slot along a second direction, and a fourth radiating slot along the opposite direction of the second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. A power feeder is disposed on the dielectric substrate on the side away from the radiating element. The power feeder includes four power feed baluns, each of which corresponds to one of the four Vivaldi oscillators. Each power feed balun is coupled to the radiating slot of the corresponding Vivaldi oscillator.

2. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the first radiating groove on the dielectric substrate intersects the projection of the corresponding feed balun on the dielectric substrate.

3. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The four feed baluns include a first feed balun, a second feed balun, a third feed balun, and a fourth feed balun. The first feed balun is coupled to a first radiating slot, the second feed balun is coupled to a second radiating slot, the third feed balun is coupled to a third radiating slot, and the fourth feed balun is coupled to a fourth radiating slot. The feed element also includes a first power divider network and a second power divider network. Both the first power divider network and the second power divider network are disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate with the feed element. The first power divider network connects the first feed balun and the second feed balun, and the second power divider network connects the third feed balun and the fourth feed balun.

4. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first feed and a second feed, the first feed being connected to the input of the first power divider network and the second feed being connected to the input of the second power divider network.

5. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first power divider network includes a first power divider segment and a second power divider segment. The first power divider segment and the second power divider segment are respectively disposed on both sides of the second power divider network. Metal vias are disposed on the dielectric substrate. A microstrip line is disposed on the side of the dielectric substrate away from the power supply device. The first power divider segment and the second power divider segment are connected by double-sided circuit jumpers through the metal vias and the microstrip line.

6. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first power divider network has a first tuning stub in the middle, which is used to achieve antenna input impedance matching.

7. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The four Vivaldi oscillators are symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the dielectric substrate.

8. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The radiating element includes a reflective portion formed in the middle region of the dielectric substrate and located between the radiating slots of the four Vivaldi oscillators, for isolating adjacent Vivaldi oscillators and improving the front-to-back ratio.

9. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The power supply component also includes an L-shaped stub, which is disposed at the end of the power supply balun to achieve broadband short-circuit matching.

10. The dual-polarized directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The adjacent Vivaldi oscillators are spaced apart to form an isolation groove.

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