Electrical connection structure, electrical component and electrical device

Abstract

The application provides an electric connection structure, an electric component and an electric device. The electric connection structure comprises a base, a contact terminal, a shielding structure and a sheath structure. The contact terminal is connected to the base. The contact terminal comprises a positive contact terminal and a negative contact terminal. The shielding structure comprises a first shielding frame and a second shielding frame. The first shielding frame surrounds the positive contact terminal and is provided with a first plug-in position. The second shielding frame surrounds the negative contact terminal and is provided with a second plug-in position. The sheath structure comprises a first sheath and a second sheath. The first sheath is adapted to plug into the first plug-in position. The second sheath is adapted to plug into the second plug-in position. One of the first sheath and the first shielding frame is provided with a first anti-reversal part, and the other is provided with a second anti-reversal part. One of the second sheath and the second shielding frame is provided with a third anti-reversal part, and the other is provided with a fourth anti-reversal part. The problem that the positive and negative electrodes are easily reversed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an electrical connection structure, electrical components, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical equipment typically uses electrical connection structures to connect two conductive components. These structures must have at least a positive terminal and a negative terminal, used to connect the power source and the device being powered, respectively. It is crucial to strictly adhere to the marked positive and negative connections during circuit connection. Reversing the connections will cause circuit malfunctions, and in severe cases, may even lead to circuit burnout or explosion.

[0003] In related technologies, it is not easy to determine the positive and negative terminals when the electrical connection structure is connected to the circuit, which can easily cause circuit abnormalities due to the positive and negative terminals being connected in reverse. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an electrical connection structure, electrical components, and electrical equipment to solve the problem of easily reversing the positive and negative terminals.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides an electrical connection structure, including a substrate, contact terminals, a shielding structure, and a sheath structure. The contact terminals are connected to the substrate and include a positive contact terminal and a negative contact terminal. The shielding structure includes a first shielding frame and a second shielding frame. The first shielding frame surrounds the positive contact terminal and forms a first insertion position. The second shielding frame surrounds the negative contact terminal and forms a second insertion position. The sheath structure includes a first sheath and a second sheath. The first sheath is adapted to be inserted into the first insertion position, and the second sheath is adapted to be inserted into the second insertion position. One of the first sheath and the first shielding frame is provided with a first anti-reverse part, and the other is provided with a second anti-reverse part. The first anti-reverse part and the second anti-reverse part are connected in cooperation. And / or, one of the second sheath and the second shielding frame is provided with a third anti-reverse part, and the other is provided with a fourth anti-reverse part. The third anti-reverse part and the fourth anti-reverse part are connected in cooperation.

[0006] In the electrical connection structure of this application, the first sheath and the second sheath can be plugged into the first plug-in position and the second plug-in position, respectively, so as to realize the detachable connection between the first sheath and the second sheath and the substrate. When connecting the external cable and the contact terminal, the external positive cable can be placed in the first sheath and the negative cable can be placed in the second sheath in advance. Then the first sheath and the second sheath are plugged into the first plug-in position and the second plug-in position respectively, so that the positive terminal of the contact and the positive cable, and the negative terminal of the contact and the negative terminal are electrically connected. When the first sheath and the first shielding frame are connected, the first anti-reverse part and the second anti-reverse part are connected in cooperation, and / or when the second sheath and the second shielding frame are connected, the third anti-reverse part and the fourth anti-reverse part are connected in cooperation. Through the cooperation of the first anti-reverse part and the second anti-reverse part, the first sheath and the first shielding frame can be adapted to be connected, and the first sheath and the second shielding frame can be adapted to be connected. Through the cooperation of the third anti-reverse part and the fourth anti-reverse part, the second sheath and the second shielding frame can be adapted to be connected, and the second sheath and the first shielding frame can be adapted to be connected. In this way, this application can avoid the first sheath and the second sheath being connected incorrectly, which is conducive to distinguishing the insertion position of the first sheath and the second sheath, and thus facilitates the distinction of the position of the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the contact, so as to avoid the problem of reversed positive and negative terminals when the electrical connection structure is connected to the circuit.

[0007] In one possible implementation, one of the first and second anti-reflection parts is a raised structure and the other is a recessed structure; and / or, one of the third and fourth anti-reflection parts is a raised structure and the other is a recessed structure.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the first anti-reverse part is a groove structure, which is formed in the first shielding frame, and the second anti-reverse part is a protrusion structure, which protrudes from the surface of the part of the first sheath used to insert into the first insertion position, and the protrusion structure is suitable for insertion into the groove structure.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first shielding frame includes a plurality of first shielding plates spaced apart along a first direction and a plurality of second shielding plates spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, the first shielding plates and the second shielding plates being connected end to end to form a first insertion position, at least one first shielding plate being provided with a first anti-reverse part, and / or at least one second shielding plate being provided with a first anti-reverse part.

[0010] In one possible implementation, at least one first shielding plate is provided with a first opening, the first opening forming a notch on the first shielding plate.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a second anti-reverse part is provided at the position of the first sheath corresponding to both the first anti-reverse part and the first opening, so that the first anti-reverse part and the first opening are connected to the corresponding second anti-reverse part.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the second shielding frame includes a plurality of third shielding plates spaced apart along a first direction and a plurality of fourth shielding plates spaced apart along a second direction. The third and fourth shielding plates are connected end to end to form a second insertion position. At least one third shielding plate is provided with a third anti-reverse part, and / or at least one fourth shielding plate is provided with a third anti-reverse part.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the first shielding frame and the second shielding frame are spaced apart along a first direction.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a reinforcing member is also included, which is connected between the first shielding frame and the second shielding frame.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the contact terminals and the substrate are integrally molded.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a control terminal is also included, which is adapted to connect to an external power source. The control terminal includes a positive control terminal and a negative control terminal, both of which are connected to the base.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the shielding structure further includes a third shielding frame and a fourth shielding frame, the third shielding frame surrounding the control positive terminal and the fourth shielding frame surrounding the control negative terminal.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the third and fourth shielding frames are spaced apart along the second direction.

[0019] In one possible implementation, both the positive control terminal and the negative control terminal are integrally formed into the substrate.

[0020] The second aspect of this application provides an electrical component, including the electrical connection structure described above.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the electrical components are relays, transformers, fuses, busbars, heat sinks, or printed circuit boards.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the electrical component is a relay, and the electrical connection structure is the relay's cover plate structure.

[0023] A third aspect of this application provides an electrical appliance that includes the electrical connection structure described above, or includes the electrical components described above. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 An exploded view of an electrical connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 A front view of an electrical connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an electrical connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 An exploded view of another electrical connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 8 A front view of another electrical connection structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 100 - Electrical connection structure; 10 - Substrate; 20 - Contact terminal; 21 - Positive contact terminal; 22 - Negative contact terminal; 30 - Control terminal; 31 - Positive control terminal; 32 - Negative control terminal; 40 - Shielding structure; 41 - First shielding frame; 411 - First shielding plate; 412 - Second shielding plate; 413 - First opening; 414 - First anti-reverse part; 415 - First plug-in position; 42 - Second shielding frame; 421 - Third shielding plate; 422 - Fourth shield 423 - shielding plate; 424 - second opening; 425 - third anti-reverse part; 43 - second plug-in position; 44 - third shielding frame; 45 - first accommodating space; 46 - fourth shielding frame; 47 - second accommodating space; 48 - reinforcing member; 59 - sheath structure; 50 - first sheath; 511 - first plug-in part; 512 - second anti-reverse part; 52 - second sheath; 521 - second plug-in part; 522 - fourth anti-reverse part; 1000 - electrical component; 200 - housing.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] With the increasing consumption and depletion of energy resources such as petroleum, and the growing emphasis on environmental protection by the government, the new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly in recent years, with electric vehicles that use electricity to replace chemical energy power gaining attention. Battery technology, as the core and hot topic of electric vehicles, is a key research area and is crucial to the operating cost, driving range, safety, and lifespan of new energy vehicles.

[0037] As a crucial component of the battery pack, the distribution box plays a vital role in pre-charging upon power-on, power management, status monitoring, real-time on / off switching, and fuse protection. Meanwhile, the non-standard components within the distribution box account for a significant portion of the battery pack's cost. Therefore, reducing the cost of the distribution box is essential for lowering battery costs and enhancing the competitiveness of the battery pack and even the entire vehicle.

[0038] The pre-charging principle of the distribution box is as follows: The main function of the pre-charging circuit in new energy vehicles is to charge the large capacitor of the motor controller (i.e., the inverter) to reduce sparking and arcing when the contactor contacts, thereby reducing impact and increasing safety. When the capacitor is connected in parallel across the power supply, the voltage across the capacitor will not change abruptly when the power is switched on. The application of the pre-charging circuit is an essential safety feature for new energy vehicles, preventing the generation of large currents at the moment the contactor closes, which could cause surge currents to components. It reduces the impact of large currents on electrical components such as fuses and contactors, increasing safety upon power-on.

[0039] The pre-charging circuit primarily protects the main positive contactor, which directly contacts the battery current, which is relatively large and prone to contact erosion. The pre-charging circuit reduces the current in the circuit. High current can cause the contactor to stick or be damaged, affecting the safety and reliability of the motor controller.

[0040] Pre-charging requires the assistance of electrical components, such as a relay connected in the pre-charging circuit. The relay is used to cut off the circuit in case of abnormalities, thus protecting the circuit. However, relays have polarity, and the marked positive and negative terminals must be strictly followed during installation. Since battery pack discharge is the primary usage process, the relay needs to have arc-extinguishing capability during discharge. In related technologies, it is difficult to determine the positive and negative terminals of the relay during installation, easily leading to reverse connection. If reversed, when a circuit abnormality occurs and needs to be cut off, it will cause circuit malfunction, and in severe cases, may even lead to burnout or explosion.

[0041] Based on the above-mentioned situation and problems, this application provides an electrical connection structure. Compared with traditional electrical connection structures, the electrical connection structure of this application has been improved by providing anti-reverse parts between the sheath structure and the plug-in position. The sheath structure can only be successfully plugged into the plug-in position when the anti-reverse parts on the sheath structure and the anti-reverse parts on the plug-in position can cooperate and connect. This limits the plug-in position of the sheath structure, ensures accurate plugging of the sheath structure, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the terminals covered by the sheath structure, and ultimately ensuring the accuracy of the circuit connected to the terminals.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electrical component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides an electrical connection structure 100 and an electrical component 1000 using the electrical connection structure 100. The electrical component 1000 includes a housing 200 and the aforementioned electrical connection structure 100. The electrical connection structure 100 can be detachably connected to the housing 200, for example, through a snap-fit ​​structure, a fastening structure, or screws, to make electrical connections with other structures. The electrical component 1000, including the electrical connection structure 100, therefore has at least the advantage of preventing reverse connection, which will not be elaborated further here. The aforementioned electrical component 1000 can be, for example, a relay, transformer, fuse, busbar, heat sink, or printed circuit board (PCB), all of which can perform specific functions and can work in conjunction with other structures.

[0045] In some possible examples, this application uses the electrical component 1000 as a relay as an example, and the electrical connection structure 100 serves as the cover structure (or base plate structure) of the relay. The electrical connection structure 100 of this application can be used for different relays, for example, it can be applied to both 10A and 20A relays.

[0046] Figure 4 An exploded view of an electrical connection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a front view of an electrical connection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of an electrical connection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 An exploded view of another electrical connection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 A front view of another electrical connection structure 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] See Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the electrical connection structure 100 of this application includes a base 10, contact terminals 20, a shielding structure 40, and a sheath structure 50. The base 10 is the overall structure of the electrical connection structure 100 and can serve as a mounting carrier for the other structures of the electrical connection structure 100, such as the contact terminals 20 and the shielding structure 40, which can all be disposed on the base 10.

[0048] Contact terminal 20 is connected to base 10. Contact terminal 20 includes positive contact terminal 21 and negative contact terminal 22. Contact terminal 20 is used to connect power supply and electrical equipment. It should be noted that positive contact terminal 21 and negative contact terminal 22 can be in the ON state. Positive contact terminal 21 is suitable for electrical connection to power supply, and negative contact terminal 22 is suitable for electrical connection to electrical equipment. In this way, electrical energy from the power supply can be transported to the electrical equipment to supply power. Of course, positive contact terminal 21 and negative contact terminal 22 can also be in the normally OFF state. After positive contact terminal 21 and negative contact terminal 22 are respectively connected to power supply and electrical equipment, they can be turned on by control switch.

[0049] The shielding structure 40 can confine and cool the high-voltage arc, preventing arc short circuits. When the relay disconnects the high voltage and high current, an extremely hot and energetic arc is generated between the contacts. The core function of the shielding structure 40 is to manage this arc. For example, the shielding structure 40 can confine the arc within the contact area, preventing it from ejecting and spreading to other terminals or the relay housing, causing short circuits between terminals or to ground. The shielding structure 40 can also be made of a material with excellent thermal conductivity, so that when the arc comes into contact with the relatively cool shielding structure 40, it is better cooled. The decrease in temperature helps the recombination of ions in the arc, thereby accelerating the extinction of the arc. The shielding structure 40 can also act as an additional physical barrier, preventing molten metal from splashing out to a certain extent, even in the most extreme cases (such as internal arc breakdown), protecting equipment and personnel safety.

[0050] The shielding structure 40 of this application includes a first shielding frame 41 and a second shielding frame 42. The first shielding frame 41 surrounds the positive terminal 21 of the contact and forms a first insertion position 415. The second shielding frame 42 surrounds the negative terminal 22 of the contact and forms a second insertion position 425. In addition to the above-mentioned functions, the first shielding frame 41 and the second shielding frame 42 of this application can also be used to insert the sheath structure 50.

[0051] The outer shell of the sheath structure 50 can be made of insulating materials such as rubber or plastic. Since the terminals of the high-voltage relay are connected to dangerous high voltages, the insulating sheath structure 50 can be inserted into the insertion position and can completely enclose the contact terminals 20, preventing accidental contact and electric shock. Furthermore, the distance between high-voltage terminals, or between the terminals and the metal housing (grounded) on which the relay is installed, is very close. By installing the sheath structure 50, short circuits between terminals or to ground caused by falling metal tools, wires, or foreign objects, or vibration displacement, can be prevented, thus avoiding serious accidents such as arcing and explosions. It is worth mentioning that the contact terminal 20 is located inside the sheath structure 50. The contact terminal 20 and the external cable are crimped inside the sheath structure 50 to achieve electrical connection. Alternatively, the sheath structure 50 may also have a plug-in terminal, which is a metal terminal. When the contact terminal 20 is covered by the sheath structure 50, it can also be plugged into the plug-in terminal. The external cable can also extend into the sheath structure 50 and be plugged into the plug-in terminal, thereby achieving electrical connection between the contact terminal 20 and the cable. The plug-in sheath structure 50 can provide a certain degree of dustproof, moisture-proof, and corrosion-proof protection, protecting the metal terminal and cable crimp joint from oxidation, maintaining good conductivity, and preventing the terminal from being deformed or damaged by accidental impact.

[0052] The sheath structure 50 of this application includes a first sheath 51 and a second sheath 52. The first sheath 51 is adapted to be inserted into a first insertion position 415, and the second sheath 52 is adapted to be inserted into a second insertion position 425. The first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52 are respectively used to cover the positive terminal 21 and the negative terminal 22 of the contact.

[0053] In this application, one of the first sheath 51 and the first shielding frame 41 is provided with a first anti-reflection part 414, and the other is provided with a second anti-reflection part 512. The first anti-reflection part 414 and the second anti-reflection part 512 are connected in cooperation.

[0054] And / or, one of the second sheath 52 and the second shielding frame 42 is provided with a third anti-reflection part 424, and the other is provided with a fourth anti-reflection part 522, and the third anti-reflection part 424 and the fourth anti-reflection part 522 are connected in cooperation.

[0055] In the electrical connection structure 100 of this application, the first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52 can be plugged into the first plug-in position 415 and the second plug-in position 425, thus realizing the detachable connection between the first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52 and the base 10. When electrically connecting the external cable and the contact terminal 20, the external positive cable can be placed in the first sheath 51 and the negative cable can be placed in the second sheath 52 in advance. Then, the first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52 are respectively plugged into the first plug-in position 415 and the second plug-in position 425 so that the positive terminal 21 of the contact and the positive cable, and the negative terminal 22 of the contact and the negative terminal are electrically connected. When the first sheath 51 and the first shielding frame 41 are connected, the first anti-reverse part 414 and the second anti-reverse part 512 cooperate to connect, and / or when the second sheath 52 and the second shielding frame 42 are connected, the third anti-reverse part 424 and the fourth anti-reverse part 522 cooperate to connect. Through the cooperation of the first anti-reverse part 414 and the second anti-reverse part 512, the first sheath 51 and the first shielding frame 41 can be adapted to connect, and the first sheath 51 and the second shielding frame 42 can be adapted to connect. Through the cooperation of the third anti-reverse part 424 and the fourth anti-reverse part 522, the second sheath 52 and the second shielding frame 42 can be adapted to connect, and the second sheath 52 and the first shielding frame 41 can be adapted to connect. In this way, this application can avoid the first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52 being connected incorrectly, which is conducive to distinguishing the insertion position of the first sheath 51 and the second sheath 52, thereby making it easier to distinguish the position of the positive terminal 21 and the negative terminal 22 of the contact, so as to avoid the problem of reversed positive and negative terminals when the electrical connection structure 100 is connected to the circuit.

[0056] See Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in some possible implementations, the first anti-reverse part 414 and the second anti-reverse part 512 are used to realize the plug-in adaptation of the first sheath 51 and the first shielding frame 41, and the third anti-reverse part 424 and the fourth anti-reverse part 522 are used to realize the plug-in adaptation of the second sheath 52 and the second shielding frame 42. It can be understood that by setting the anti-reverse parts, the sheath and the shielding frame are plugged in and connected accordingly, which makes the first sheath 51 with the second anti-reverse part 512 unable to be plugged into the second shielding frame 42, and the second sheath 52 with the fourth anti-reverse part 522 also unable to be plugged into the first shielding frame 41.

[0057] In this application, one of the first anti-reverse part 414 and the second anti-reverse part 512 is a protruding structure, and the other is a groove structure, wherein the protruding structure is adapted to be inserted and engaged with the groove structure; and / or, one of the third anti-reverse part 424 and the fourth anti-reverse part 522 is a protruding structure, and the other is a groove structure, wherein the protruding structure is adapted to be inserted and engaged with the groove structure. The first anti-reverse part 414, the second anti-reverse part 512, the third anti-reverse part 424, and the fourth anti-reverse part 522 will be described in detail below.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first anti-reverse part 414 is a groove structure, which is formed in the first shielding frame 41, and the second anti-reverse part 512 is a protrusion structure, which protrudes from the surface of the part of the first sheath 51 used for inserting the first insertion position 415. The protrusion structure and the groove structure are suitable for insertion and mating.

[0059] Specifically, the first shielding frame 41 has an annular structure, thus forming an annular space that can enclose the positive terminal 21 of the contact. This annular space is also suitable for forming the first insertion position 415, within which a portion of the first sheath 51 can be inserted and fitted. The annular space of the first shielding frame 41 can be formed by providing a through hole penetrating the first shielding frame 41, or by configuring the first shielding frame 41 as a series of connecting structures connected end-to-end; no special limitation is made here. In this application, the first shielding frame 41 includes a plurality of first shielding plates 411 spaced apart along a first direction, and a plurality of second shielding plates 412 spaced apart along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. For ease of description, please refer to [link to previous text]. Figure 4 , Figure 4 The X-axis is parallel to the first direction, which is also parallel to the length direction of the base 10; the Y-axis is parallel to the second direction, which is also parallel to the width direction of the base 10; and the Z-axis is parallel to the third direction, which is also parallel to the height direction of the base 10.

[0060] It is understood that two or more of the first shielding plate 411 and the second shielding plate 412 can be provided. This application uses the example of having two of both the first shielding plate 411 and the second shielding plate 412 for illustration. The two first shielding plates 411 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the larger plate surface of the two first shielding plates 411 is parallel to the second direction, so that the two first shielding plates 411 are arranged in parallel. The two second shielding plates 412 are spaced apart along the second direction, and the larger plate surface of the two second shielding plates 412 is parallel to the first direction, so that the two second shielding plates 412 are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the first shielding plate 411 along the second direction are respectively connected to the two second shielding plates 412, so that the first shielding plate 411 and the second shielding plate 412 are connected end to end to form a first insertion position 415.

[0061] At least one first shielding plate 411 is provided with a first anti-reflection part 414, and / or at least one second shielding plate 412 is provided with a first anti-reflection part 414. That is, the first anti-reflection part 414 can be provided on the first shielding plate 411, or on the second shielding plate 412, or both the first shielding plate 411 and the second shielding plate 412 are provided with the first anti-reflection part 414. There is no limitation here. This application describes the example of a first shielding plate 411 being provided with a first anti-reflection part 414.

[0062] It should be noted that the first shielding frame 41 and the base 10 can be connected by welding or bonding, or by structural components such as snap-fit ​​structure, fastening structure, screw structure, etc., or the first shielding frame 41 can be integrally formed with the base 10. This application takes the integral formation of the first shielding frame 41 and the base 10 as an example. In this application, one end of the first shielding plate 411 along a third direction is connected to the base 10, and the other end extends away from the base 10 along a third direction. The first anti-reflection part 414 is provided at the end of the first shielding plate 411 away from the base 10. The first anti-reflection part 414 is a groove structure, which extends from the side of the first shielding plate 411 away from the base 10 toward the base 10.

[0063] The first sheath 51 includes a first plug-in portion 511, which is adapted to be plugged into a first plug-in position 415. The shape and size of the first plug-in portion 511 are adapted to the shape and size of the first plug-in position 415. A second anti-reverse portion 512 is disposed on the end face of the first plug-in portion 511 facing the first anti-reverse portion 414 when the first plug-in portion 511 is plugged into the first plug-in position 415, and protrudes from the end face toward the first anti-reverse portion 414. This allows the second anti-reverse portion 512 on the first plug-in portion 511 to be plugged into and adapted to the first anti-reverse portion 414 when the first plug-in portion 511 is plugged into the first plug-in position 415.

[0064] See Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one first shielding plate 411 is provided with a first opening 413, the first opening 413 being configured as a groove structure that can penetrate the first shielding plate 411 along a first direction, so that the first opening 413 forms a notch on the first shielding plate 411.

[0065] It should be noted that the first opening 413 can be provided on only one of the first shielding plates 411, or it can be provided on both of the first shielding plates 411. This application will describe the example of providing the first opening 413 on only one of the first shielding plates 411. In this case, the first opening 413 is provided on the first shielding plate 411 away from where the first anti-reflection part 414 is provided. It should also be noted that the first sheath 51 is provided with a second anti-reflection part 512 at the positions corresponding to the first anti-reflection part 414 and the first opening 413, so that the first anti-reflection part 414 and the first opening 413 are connected to the corresponding second anti-reflection part 512.

[0066] See Figures 4 to 7As shown, in some feasible implementations, the structure of the second shielding frame 42 is similar to that of the first shielding frame 41. For example, the second shielding frame 42 is an annular structure, thus forming an annular space that can enclose the negative terminal 22 of the contact. This annular space is also suitable for forming the second insertion position 425, and a portion of the structure of the second sheath 52 can be inserted into and adapted to the second insertion position 425. The annular space of the second shielding frame 42 can be formed by providing a through hole through the second shielding frame 42, or by setting the second shielding frame 42 to be formed by connecting multiple connecting structures end to end sequentially; no special limitation is made here. In this application, the second shielding frame 42 includes a plurality of third shielding plates 421 spaced apart along the first direction, and a plurality of fourth shielding plates 422 spaced apart along the second direction. Two or more third shielding plates 421 and fourth shielding plates 422 can be provided. This application uses the example of having two third shielding plates 421 and two fourth shielding plates 422 for illustration. Two third shielding plates 421 are spaced apart along a first direction, with their larger surfaces parallel to a second direction, thus ensuring their parallel arrangement. Two fourth shielding plates 422 are also spaced apart along a second direction, with their larger surfaces parallel to the first direction, ensuring their parallel arrangement. The two ends of each third shielding plate 421 along the second direction are connected to the two fourth shielding plates 422, thus connecting the third and fourth shielding plates 421 and 422 end-to-end to form a second insertion position 425.

[0067] It should be noted that, for ease of processing and to ensure consistency of the contact terminals 20, the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22 are usually designed with identical structures, and the first shielding frame 41 and the second shielding frame 42 are designed with identical structures. That is, the first insertion position 415 and the second insertion position 425 have the same shape and size. As a result, the structures of the first sheath 51 for insertion into the first insertion position 415 and the second sheath 52 for insertion into the second insertion position 425 also need to be designed with identical structures. Therefore, it is easy to confuse the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22 under normal circumstances. This application provides a first anti-reverse part 414 and a second anti-reverse part 512 between the first shielding frame 41 and the first sheath 51, which can be used to identify the position of the positive contact terminal 21 and also easily identify the insertion position of the first sheath 51 that is compatible with the positive contact terminal 21.

[0068] See also Figure 8As shown, the second shielding frame 42 of this application may or may not have a third anti-reverse part 424. When the first sheath 51 has a second anti-reverse part 512, and the second anti-reverse part 512 protrudes from the protrusion structure of the first insertion part 511, the second shielding frame 42 does not need to have a third anti-reverse part 424, and the corresponding second sheath 52 does not need to have a fourth anti-reverse part 522. Because the first sheath 51 has a protrusion structure, while the second shielding frame 42 does not have a corresponding groove structure that can be inserted and matched with the second anti-reverse part 512, the first insertion part 511 of the first sheath 51 cannot be inserted into the second insertion position 425, thus achieving the function of preventing reverse connection.

[0069] Alternatively, the second shielding frame 42 may also be provided with a third anti-reverse part 424, and the second sheath 52 may also be provided with a fourth anti-reverse part 522. When the second shielding frame 42 is provided with a third anti-reverse part 424, the third anti-reverse part 424 may be provided on at least one third shielding plate 421, and / or on at least one fourth shielding plate 422. That is, the third anti-reverse part 424 may be provided on the third shielding plate 421, or on the fourth shielding plate 422, or both the third shielding plate 421 and the fourth shielding plate 422 may be provided with the third anti-reverse part 424. This is not limited here. This application uses the provision of a third anti-reverse part 424 on a third shielding plate 421 as an example for explanation.

[0070] In some embodiments, the third anti-reverse portion 424 is a groove structure formed in the third shielding plate 421, and the fourth anti-reverse portion 522 is a protrusion structure protruding from the surface of the portion of the second sheath 52 used for inserting into the second insertion position 425. The second sheath 52 of this application includes a second insertion portion 521, the shape and size of which are adapted to the shape and size of the second insertion position 425, so that the second sheath 52 can be inserted into and adapted to the second insertion position 425 through the second insertion portion 521. The fourth anti-reverse portion 522 is a protrusion structure protruding from the surface of the second insertion portion 521. When the second insertion portion 521 is inserted into and adapted to the second insertion position 425, the protrusion structure and the groove structure are suitable for insertion and mating.

[0071] When the third anti-reverse component 424 is installed on the third shielding plate 421, it is important to ensure that the position of the third anti-reverse component 424 on the third shielding plate 411 is offset from the corresponding position of the first anti-reverse component 414 on the first shielding plate 411 along the second direction. Alternatively, the size of the third anti-reverse component 424 may differ from that of the first anti-reverse component 414. This is to distinguish between the first anti-reverse component 414 and the third anti-reverse component 424, as they differ in structure, size, or position. Then, the second anti-reverse component 512 is installed according to the position, shape, and size requirements of the first anti-reverse component 414. The position of the first plug-in portion 511 and the shape and size of the second anti-reverse part 512 are designed such that when the first plug-in portion 511 is plugged into the first plug-in position 415, the second anti-reverse part 512 can be plugged into and adapted to the first anti-reverse part 414. Similarly, the position, shape, and size of the third anti-reverse part 424 on the third shielding plate 421 are designed such that when the second plug-in portion 521 is plugged into the second plug-in position 425, the fourth anti-reverse part 522 can be plugged into and adapted to the third anti-reverse part 424. In this way, even if the first plug-in portion 511 is mistakenly plugged into the second plug-in position 425, the first plug-in portion 511 cannot be plugged into the second plug-in position 425 because the third anti-reverse part 424 and the second anti-reverse part 512 are misaligned and their shapes and sizes are incompatible, thus achieving the function of preventing reverse connection.

[0072] Of course, the third anti-reverse part 424 can also be set on the fourth shielding plate 422. In this way, when the first plug-in position 415 and the second plug-in position 425 are rectangular spaces, it is not necessary to set the position of the third anti-reverse part 424 on the fourth shielding plate 422, nor is it necessary to adjust the shape and size of the third anti-reverse part 424 to be different from the shape and size of the first anti-reverse part 414. When the first plug-in part 511 with the second anti-reverse part 512 is plugged into the second plug-in position 425, the positions of the second anti-reverse part 512 and the third anti-reverse part 424 are misaligned to prevent the first plug-in part 511 from being unable to be plugged into the second plug-in position 425.

[0073] See Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, a second opening 423 may also be provided on the second shielding frame 42. The second opening 423 is provided on the third shielding plate 421, and specifically it may be provided on a different third shielding plate 421 than the third anti-reflection part 424. When the first shielding frame 41 is provided with a first opening 413 and a first anti-reverse part 414, and the second shielding frame 42 is provided with a second opening 423 but no third anti-reverse part 424, when the first plug-in part 511 is plugged into the first plug-in position 415, a second anti-reverse part 512 is provided on both the end face facing the first anti-reverse part 414 and the end face facing away from the anti-reverse part. In this way, when the first plug-in part 511 is plugged into the first plug-in position 415, the second anti-reverse parts 512 at both ends can be plugged into the first anti-reverse part 414 and the first opening 413 respectively. When the first sheath 51 is mistakenly plugged into the second plug-in position 425, only the second anti-reverse part 512 at one end can be plugged into the second opening 423, and the second anti-reverse part 512 at the other end cannot be plugged in, thereby ensuring the anti-reverse connection effect.

[0074] In some embodiments, the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22 of this application are spaced apart along a first direction, and the first shielding frame 41 and the second shielding frame 42 are spaced apart along the first direction, so as to ensure the spacing between the two terminals and avoid short circuit.

[0075] It should be noted that one of the first shielding plates 411 of the first shielding frame 41 and one of the third shielding plates 421 of the second shielding frame 42 are close to each other. The first anti-reflection part 414 is disposed on the first shielding plate 411 of the first shielding frame 41 that is close to the second shielding frame 42. The first opening 413 is disposed on the first shielding plate 411 that is far away from the second shielding frame 42. The second opening 423 is disposed on the third shielding plate 421 that is far away from the first shielding frame 41.

[0076] A reinforcing member 45 is also included between the first shielding plate 411 and the second shielding plate 412. One or more reinforcing members 45 may be provided. The reinforcing member 45 extends along the first direction. The two ends of the reinforcing member 45 in the extension direction are respectively connected between the first shielding frame 41 and the second shielding frame 42, specifically connected to the adjacent first shielding plate 411 and third shielding plate 421, so as to increase the strength of the first shielding frame 41 and the second shielding frame 42.

[0077] In some embodiments, the contact terminal 20 and the substrate 10 are integrally formed. The substrate 10 can be integrally formed using a mold. When forming the substrate 10, the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22 can be pre-embedded in the corresponding positions of the mold. Then, the substrate 10 is filled into the mold by casting or other methods. After the substrate 10 is formed, the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22 are formed together in the corresponding positions of the substrate 10. This integral forming method can integrate the contact terminal 20 and the substrate 10, increasing the connection strength of the contact terminal 20 on the substrate 10. Moreover, the substrate 10 and the contact terminal 20 do not need to be assembled through an assembly structure, saving assembly costs. In addition, there is no need to process the parts on the substrate 10 for assembly with the contact terminal 20, reducing the processing difficulty of the substrate 10, thereby reducing the processing cost and mold cost when processing the substrate 10, and improving the yield of the substrate 10.

[0078] Furthermore, in related technologies, the substrate 10 and the contact terminal 20 are connected together by assembly. In this case, there is a single assembly relationship between the substrate 10 and the contact terminal 20; that is, one substrate 10 can only be fitted with one type of contact terminal 20. When replacing the contact terminal 20, the substrate 10 must be replaced, thus failing to achieve versatility. In this application, the substrate 10 and the contact terminal 20 are integrally molded, allowing one substrate 10 to be integrally molded with multiple contact terminals 20, achieving modularity and standardization of one substrate 10 and multiple contact terminals 20. This ensures product consistency.

[0079] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some possible implementations, when the electrical connection structure 100 of this application is applied to a relay, it further includes a control terminal 30. The control terminal 30 is adapted to connect to an external power supply. The control terminal 30 includes a positive control terminal 31 and a negative control terminal 32, both of which are connected to the base 10. The positive control terminal 31 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the external power supply, and the negative control terminal 32 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power supply. The control terminal 30 can be used to power the electromagnetic system of the relay to control the on / off state of the positive contact terminal 21 and the negative contact terminal 22.

[0080] In some embodiments, the shielding structure 40 further includes a third shielding frame 43 and a fourth shielding frame 44. The third shielding frame 43 includes a first accommodating space 431 and surrounds the positive control terminal 31, so that the positive control terminal 31 is located within the first accommodating space 431. The fourth shielding frame 44 includes a second accommodating space 441 and surrounds the negative control terminal 32, so that the negative control terminal 32 is located within the second accommodating space 441. By enclosing the positive control terminal 31 within the third shielding frame 43 and the negative control terminal 32 within the fourth shielding frame 44, insulation protection can be achieved.

[0081] The control positive terminal 31 and control negative terminal 32 of this application are spaced apart along the second direction, and the corresponding third shielding frame 43 and fourth shielding frame 44 are also spaced apart along the second direction. This ensures that there is a certain distance between the control positive terminal 31 and control negative terminal 32, preventing them from being short-circuited.

[0082] In some embodiments, the control positive terminal 31 and the control negative terminal 32 are integrally formed on the substrate 10. The way in which the control positive terminal 31 and the control negative terminal 32 are formed on the substrate 10 is the same as the way in which the contact positive terminal 21 and the contact negative terminal 22 are formed, and the effect is also the same, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0083] This application also provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned electrical connection structure 100, or the aforementioned electrical component 1000, as a contact part of the electrical device to achieve electrical connection. This electrical device has at least the advantage of preventing reverse connection, which will not be elaborated further here. The electrical device can be a vehicle, such as a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a range-extended electric vehicle, etc. The electrical device can also be other energy storage devices, such as refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, dishwashers, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric toys, power tools, ships, and spacecraft, etc. Other embodiments of this application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility model disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0084] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrical connection structure (100), characterized in that, include: Matrix (10); A contact terminal (20) is connected to the base (10), and the contact terminal (20) includes a positive contact terminal (21) and a negative contact terminal (22); The shielding structure (40) includes a first shielding frame (41) and a second shielding frame (42). The first shielding frame (41) surrounds the positive terminal (21) of the contact and forms a first plug-in position (415). The second shielding frame (42) surrounds the negative terminal (22) of the contact and forms a second plug-in position (425). as well as A sheath structure (50) includes a first sheath (51) and a second sheath (52), wherein the first sheath (51) is adapted to be inserted into the first insertion position (415) and the second sheath (52) is adapted to be inserted into the second insertion position (425). One of the first sheath (51) and the first shielding frame (41) is provided with a first anti-reflection part (414), and the other is provided with a second anti-reflection part (512). The first anti-reflection part (414) and the second anti-reflection part (512) are connected in cooperation. And / or, one of the second sheath (52) and the second shielding frame (42) is provided with a third anti-reflection part (424), and the other is provided with a fourth anti-reflection part (522), wherein the third anti-reflection part (424) and the fourth anti-reflection part (522) are connected in cooperation.

2. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the first anti-reflection part (414) and the second anti-reflection part (512) is a protruding structure and the other is a groove structure; and / or, one of the third anti-reflection part (424) and the fourth anti-reflection part (522) is a protruding structure and the other is a groove structure.

3. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first anti-reverse part (414) is a groove structure, which is formed in the first shielding frame (41). The second anti-reverse part (512) is a protrusion structure, which protrudes from the surface of the first sheath (51) for inserting the first insertion position (415). The protrusion structure is suitable for insertion into the groove structure.

4. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first shielding frame (41) includes a plurality of first shielding plates (411) spaced apart along a first direction and a plurality of second shielding plates (412) spaced apart along a second direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The first shielding plates (411) and the second shielding plates (412) are connected end to end to form the first insertion position (415). At least one first shielding plate (411) is provided with the first anti-reverse part (414), and / or at least one second shielding plate (412) is provided with the first anti-reverse part (414).

5. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one of the first shielding plates (411) is provided with a first opening (413), the first opening (413) forming a notch on the first shielding plate (411).

6. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first sheath (51) is provided with a second anti-reverse part (512) at the position corresponding to the first anti-reverse part (414) and the first opening (413), so that the first anti-reverse part (414) and the first opening (413) are connected to the corresponding second anti-reverse part (512).

7. The electrical connection structure (100) according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The second shielding frame (42) includes a plurality of third shielding plates (421) spaced apart along a first direction and a plurality of fourth shielding plates (422) spaced apart along a second direction. The third shielding plates (421) and the fourth shielding plates (422) are connected end to end to form the second insertion position (425). At least one of the third shielding plates (421) is provided with the third anti-reverse part (424), and / or at least one of the fourth shielding plates (422) is provided with the third anti-reverse part (424).

8. The electrical connection structure (100) according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The first shielding frame (41) and the second shielding frame (42) are spaced apart along the first direction.

9. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a reinforcing member (45) connected between the first shielding frame (41) and the second shielding frame (42).

10. The electrical connection structure (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a control terminal (30) adapted to connect to an external power source. The control terminal (30) includes a positive control terminal (31) and a negative control terminal (32), both of which are connected to the base (10).

11. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, The shielding structure (40) further includes a third shielding frame (43) and a fourth shielding frame (44), the third shielding frame (43) surrounding the control positive terminal (31) and the fourth shielding frame (44) surrounding the control negative terminal (32).

12. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The third shielding frame (43) and the fourth shielding frame (44) are spaced apart along the second direction.

13. The electrical connection structure (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that, Both the positive control terminal (31) and the negative control terminal (32) are integrally formed on the substrate (10).

14. An electrical component (1000), characterized in that, Includes the electrical connection structure (100) as described in any one of claims 1-13.

15. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes the electrical connection structure (100) as described in any one of claims 1-13, or the electrical component (1000) as described in claim 14.

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