Power supply regulating circuit and power supply system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of power supply regulating circuit and power supply system, it is related to the technical field of electronic circuit, power supply regulating circuit includes controller, and with the constant-current output circuit and regulating circuit of controller connection;Regulating circuit is also connected with the output end of flow output circuit;Controller is used to send first control signal to constant-current output circuit, and, send second control signal to regulating circuit;Constant-current output circuit is used to output power supply signal;Regulating circuit is used to adjust target power supply signal to power supply signal.The utility model provides a kind of power supply regulating circuit and power supply system, since in the adjustment process, in addition to controlling constant-current output circuit output power supply signal, it can be more refined adjustment process by the further adjustment process of regulating circuit, improve the precision of power supply signal, so as to meet the regulation and control demand of power accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a power supply regulation circuit and power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing constant current adjustable power supply systems, pulse width modulation (PWM) or analog signal control are commonly used to regulate the output current of power conversion circuits, such as DC-DC conversion circuits.

[0003] However, in PWM-based solutions, current regulation is often achieved by adjusting the duty cycle of the switching signal using a microcontroller. The core issue is that the resolution of the PWM signal is directly limited by the number of bits in the microcontroller's timer. For example, an 8-bit timer can only provide 256 levels of discrete duty cycle adjustment, corresponding to step-like current changes. The minimum adjustment step can reach 0.4% (1 / 256) of the full scale. This quantization error can lead to significant ripple and steady-state errors in precision current source applications.

[0004] In analog signal control schemes, the current is linearly adjusted by controlling the output voltage signal of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) through a microcontroller. The accuracy is limited by the DAC resolution. For example, the theoretical accuracy of a 12-bit DAC is 0.024% (1 / 4096), but factors such as reference voltage temperature drift and operational amplifier offset in actual circuits will further reduce the effective accuracy.

[0005] Furthermore, both of the above-mentioned solutions suffer from an inherent contradiction between resolution and resource consumption. Increasing PWM resolution requires a higher frequency carrier signal, which not only increases the computational burden on the microcontroller but may also cause electromagnetic interference. Conversely, increasing the DAC bit depth requires more complex circuit design and higher hardware costs. Therefore, constant current adjustable power supply systems in related technologies face significant challenges in applications requiring precise milliampere-level current control, such as LED drivers and battery management systems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a power regulation circuit and power system to alleviate the technical problem that the power precision regulation in related technologies is difficult to meet actual needs.

[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a power supply regulation circuit, including a controller, a constant current output circuit and a regulation circuit connected to the controller; the regulation circuit is also connected to the output terminal of the constant current output circuit; the controller is used to send a first control signal to the constant current output circuit and a second control signal to the regulation circuit; the constant current output circuit is used to respond to the first control signal and output a power supply signal through its output terminal; the regulation circuit is used to respond to the second control signal and adjust the power supply signal output by the output terminal of the constant current output circuit based on the second control signal to obtain a target power supply signal, the target power supply signal being used to output to a load to supply power to the load.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a first possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the constant current output circuit includes a power conversion circuit and a constant current drive circuit connected in sequence; the control terminal of the constant current drive circuit is connected to the controller for receiving the first control signal; the input terminal of the constant current drive circuit is connected to the power conversion circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the load.

[0009] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the adjustment circuit includes a filter unit and an adjustment unit connected in sequence; wherein one end of the filter unit is connected to the controller and the other end is connected to the adjustment unit; the second control signal output by the controller is a pulse control signal, and the pulse control signal is transmitted to the adjustment unit through the filter unit.

[0010] In conjunction with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the adjustment unit includes a negative feedback circuit and a switching transistor; the positive input terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the filtering unit, the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the source of the switching transistor, the output terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the gate of the switching transistor, and the drain of the switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the constant current driving circuit.

[0011] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the adjustment unit further includes a protection diode, the protection diode being disposed between the drain of the switching transistor and the output terminal of the constant current driving circuit; wherein the anode of the protection diode is connected to the output terminal of the constant current driving circuit, and the cathode is connected to the drain of the switching transistor.

[0012] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the aforementioned switching transistor is an N-channel MOS transistor.

[0013] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the power supply regulation circuit further includes a state detection circuit connected to the controller; the detection terminal of the state detection circuit is connected to the regulation circuit and is used to detect the target electrical signal.

[0014] In conjunction with the sixth possible implementation of the first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the above-mentioned state detection circuit includes a first detection circuit; the first detection circuit is a voltage divider circuit composed of series-connected detection resistors, and one end of the detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit, and the other end is grounded; the series connection point of the detection resistors is connected to the controller.

[0015] In conjunction with the sixth or seventh possible implementation of the first aspect, and the third possible implementation, this utility model provides an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the above-mentioned state detection circuit further includes a second detection circuit; the second detection circuit includes a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit and the source connection path of the switching transistor, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0016] Secondly, this utility model embodiment also provides a power supply system, which is equipped with the power regulation circuit of the first aspect.

[0017] The present invention provides the following beneficial effects: This utility model provides a power supply regulation circuit and power supply system. The power supply regulation circuit includes a constant current output circuit and a regulation circuit connected to a controller. The regulation circuit is also connected to the output terminal of the constant current output circuit. The constant current output circuit is used to output a power supply signal. The regulation circuit is used to regulate the power supply signal output by the output terminal of the constant current output circuit to obtain a target power supply signal. This target power supply signal is used to output to the load to supply power to the load. Since, in addition to controlling the output power supply signal of the constant current output circuit, a more refined regulation process can be achieved through the further regulation process of the regulation circuit during the regulation process, the accuracy of the power supply signal can be improved to meet the power supply accuracy control requirements.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power regulation circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another power regulation circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a power regulation circuit provided for an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] Currently, the output power accuracy of existing constant current adjustable power supply systems often fails to meet the accuracy requirements of practical application scenarios.

[0024] Based on this, the present invention provides a power regulation circuit and power system to alleviate the technical problem that the power precision regulation in related technologies is difficult to meet actual needs.

[0025] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a power regulation circuit disclosed in this utility model embodiment will first be described in detail.

[0026] In one possible implementation, this utility model embodiment provides a power regulation circuit, such as... Figure 1 The schematic diagram of a power supply regulation circuit shown includes a controller 10, a constant current output circuit 20 and a regulation circuit 30 connected to the controller 10; the regulation circuit 30 is also connected to the output terminal of the constant current output circuit 20.

[0027] The controller 10 is used to send a first control signal to the constant current output circuit 20 and a second control signal to the regulating circuit 30; the constant current output circuit 20 is used to respond to the first control signal and output a power supply signal through its output terminal; the regulating circuit 30 is used to respond to the second control signal and adjust the power supply signal output from the output terminal of the constant current output circuit based on the second control signal to obtain a target power supply signal, which is used to output to the load to supply power to the load.

[0028] The power supply regulation circuit provided in this embodiment of the utility model, in addition to controlling the constant current output circuit to output the power supply signal during the regulation process, can achieve a more refined regulation process through further regulation of the regulation circuit, thereby improving the accuracy of the power supply signal and meeting the power supply accuracy control requirements.

[0029] In practical use, the aforementioned constant current output circuit is typically used as a constant current source. Its input terminal is usually equipped with a current conversion circuit, such as an AC-DC circuit and a DC-DC circuit, which can convert the input 220V AC mains power into a DC signal. Furthermore, it undergoes a step-down conversion via DC-DC to obtain an electrical signal that can supply power to the load. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned constant current output circuit includes a power conversion circuit and a constant current drive circuit connected in sequence. The power conversion circuit may include the aforementioned AC-DC circuit and DC-DC circuit, and the DC signal output by the DC-DC circuit can also be further used as the power supply for the seat controller.

[0030] Specifically, for ease of understanding, in Figure 1 On this basis, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another power regulation circuit is shown, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a controller 10, a controller power supply circuit 101 connected to the controller 10, and a constant current output circuit 20 including a power conversion circuit 201 and a constant current drive circuit 202. The controller in this embodiment of the present invention can be a controller implemented by an MCU (Microcontroller Unit) or a single-chip microcomputer, which integrates a central processing unit, memory and peripheral interfaces into a single chip, thereby realizing a microcomputer system.

[0031] Specifically, the control terminal of the constant current drive circuit 202 is connected to the controller 10 to receive the first control signal; the input terminal of the constant current drive circuit 202 is connected to the power conversion circuit 201, and the output terminal is connected to the load 40.

[0032] Furthermore, the aforementioned adjustment circuit 30 includes a filter unit 301 and an adjustment unit 302 connected in sequence; wherein, one end of the filter unit 301 is connected to the controller, and the other end is connected to the adjustment unit 302; the second control signal output by the controller is a pulse control signal, which is transmitted to the adjustment unit 302 through the filter unit 301. In actual use, the power adjustment circuit provided in this embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned adjustment circuit 30, can be regarded as a parallel connection relative to the load. Typically, the controller can respond to the power demand input by the user, such as a constant current source, and then send a first control signal to the constant current drive circuit 202 to adjust the output of the constant current drive circuit 202 to the power supply signal corresponding to the power demand, while simultaneously sending a second control signal to the adjustment circuit 30 to adjust the power supply signal to the target power supply signal. That is, the function of the aforementioned constant current drive circuit 202 is equivalent to coarse adjustment, and the function of the adjustment circuit 30 is equivalent to fine adjustment, thereby obtaining the power accuracy required by the user.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power supply regulation circuit also includes a status detection circuit 50 connected to the controller; the detection terminal of the status detection circuit 50 is connected to the regulation circuit 30 and is used to detect the target electrical signal.

[0034] Specifically, for ease of understanding, Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a power supply regulation circuit is also shown, wherein, for ease of explanation, Figure 3 In the diagram, controller 10 is represented by MCU, and in Figure 3 The image only shows the power supply signal output by the constant current drive circuit 202. Figure 3 The Chinese character is represented as Vin.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment unit in this embodiment of the present invention includes a negative feedback circuit and a switching transistor; that is, Figure 3 The operational amplifier U1 in the diagram represents the negative feedback circuit, the switching transistor is represented by Q1, and the filter unit includes an RC filter circuit composed of resistors R1 and R2 and capacitor C1.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment of the present invention, the negative feedback circuit, that is, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the filter unit, specifically, connected to the series path of resistors R1 and R2; the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit (operational amplifier U1) is connected to the source of the switching transistor; the output terminal of the negative feedback circuit (operational amplifier U1) is connected to the gate of the switching transistor Q1; the drain of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit, that is, connected to Vin. In actual use, Vin can be directly connected to the load. For ease of explanation, Figure 3 The load is not shown.

[0037] further, Figure 3 The adjustment unit shown also includes a protection diode D1, which is disposed between the drain of the switching transistor Q1 and the output terminal Vin of the constant current drive circuit. The anode of the protection diode D1 is connected to the output terminal Vin of the constant current drive circuit, and the cathode is connected to the drain of the switching transistor Q1. In practical use, the main function of the protection diode D1 is to prevent directional current, such as protecting the switching transistor Q1 when Vin is de-energized. The specific parameters of the protection diode D1 can be set according to the actual usage, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations on this.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the switching transistor in this embodiment of the present invention is an N-channel MOS transistor.

[0039] Furthermore, the aforementioned state detection circuit includes a first detection circuit; this first detection circuit is a voltage divider circuit composed of detection resistors connected in series, that is, Figure 3 The resistors R4 and R5 are connected in series, and one end of the detection circuit is connected to the output terminal Vin of the constant current drive circuit, while the other end is grounded; the series connection point of the detection resistors is connected to the controller. In practical use, this first detection circuit is used as a voltage divider circuit to sample the voltage signal of Vin and transmit the sampling result to the controller. Figure 3 The MCU in the circuit, or the current detection at the output of the constant current drive circuit, is transmitted to the MCU as a feedback signal of the adjustment result of the adjustment circuit.

[0040] Furthermore, the aforementioned state detection circuit also includes a second detection circuit; this second detection circuit includes a sampling resistor, i.e. Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the sampling resistor RES has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit and the source of the switching transistor, while the other end is grounded. In practical use, after the adjustment circuit is activated, the voltage of the target power supply signal can be sampled by detecting the voltage signal across the sampling resistor, thus achieving voltage monitoring of the target power supply signal.

[0041] further, Figure 3In this circuit, the port connected to resistor R1 outputs the second control signal, which is a pulse control signal with a certain duty cycle, also known as a PWM signal. Simultaneously, the first control signal output by the controller to the constant current drive circuit is also typically a pulse control signal with a certain duty cycle. In practical applications, based on the user's input power requirements, the MCU can calculate the required duty cycles of the first and second control signals to control the constant current drive circuit and the regulation unit. For example, based on... Figure 3 The adjustment unit shown includes a negative feedback circuit and a switching transistor. Taking the user's required power supply as the current source as an example, it needs to calculate the duty cycle of the required first control signal based on the user's input power demand and output the first control signal with the corresponding duty cycle. At this time, Figure 3 The adjustment unit shown is in operation. At the same time, the MCU further determines the duty cycle of the required second control signal through the voltage and current parameters fed back by the state detection circuit, and then outputs the second control signal with the duty cycle to further control the operational amplifier U1 of the negative feedback circuit, generating a negative feedback signal to adjust the power supply signal output by Vin at the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit.

[0042] For example, suppose the maximum adjustable constant current range of the designed power supply regulation circuit is 1A, and the MCU or microcontroller, based on its own accuracy, can adjust the current with an accuracy of 1mA. Assume the user requires a current source of... 155.55mA. Based on the above negative feedback circuit, the operational amplifier U1 needs to first control the constant current drive circuit 202 to output a power supply signal of 202 via the MCU. The current position of 156mA is higher than the nearest accuracy of the required current source. Then, it is further adjusted by the adjustment unit. Specifically, the MCU can calculate the difference between Iout and Io and obtain the duty cycle corresponding to the difference. This duty cycle can be used as the duty cycle of the second control signal. After the second control signal is output to the adjustment unit, the power supply signal can be further fine-tuned through the negative feedback circuit (operational amplifier U1) and the switching transistor Q1 to obtain the target power supply signal required by the user.

[0043] This can be expressed as a formula:

[0044] I O =I out -I R Ae is the actual gain of the MCU, and Ae can be directly expressed as the duty cycle of the second control signal mentioned above. Furthermore, Rest in the above formula is... Figure 3 The resistor RES in it. R This represents the current through the resistor RES, or the sampled current.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, the power regulation circuit provided by this utility model embodiment can achieve a more refined current regulation range and has high operability, which helps to meet the actual current accuracy requirements, that is, to further improve the current regulation accuracy at a lower cost.

[0046] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, this utility model embodiment also provides a power supply system configured with the above-mentioned power regulation circuit.

[0047] The power supply system provided in this embodiment of the present invention has the same technical features as the power regulation circuit provided in the above embodiment, so it can also solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the power system described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely specific implementations of this utility model, used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and not to limit it. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model. These modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply regulation circuit, characterized in that, It includes a controller, and a constant current output circuit and an adjustment circuit connected to the controller; the adjustment circuit is also connected to the output terminal of the constant current output circuit. The controller is configured to send a first control signal to the constant current output circuit and a second control signal to the adjustment circuit. The constant current output circuit is used to respond to the first control signal and output a power supply signal through the output terminal; The regulating circuit is used to respond to the second control signal and adjust the power supply signal output from the output terminal of the constant current output circuit based on the second control signal to obtain a target power supply signal. The target power supply signal is used to output to the load to supply power to the load.

2. The power regulation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant current output circuit includes a power conversion circuit and a constant current drive circuit connected in sequence. The control terminal of the constant current drive circuit is connected to the controller and is used to receive the first control signal; The input terminal of the constant current drive circuit is connected to the power conversion circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the load.

3. The power regulation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment circuit includes a filter unit and an adjustment unit connected in sequence; One end of the filtering unit is connected to the controller, and the other end is connected to the adjustment unit; The second control signal output by the controller is a pulse control signal, which is transmitted to the adjustment unit through the filtering unit.

4. The power regulation circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment unit includes a negative feedback circuit and a switching transistor; The positive input terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the filter unit, the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the source of the switching transistor, and the output terminal of the negative feedback circuit is connected to the gate of the switching transistor. The drain of the switching transistor is connected to the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit.

5. The power regulation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment unit also includes a protection diode, which is disposed between the drain of the switching transistor and the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit. The anode of the protection diode is connected to the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit, and the cathode is connected to the drain of the switching transistor.

6. The power regulation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The switching transistor is an N-channel MOSFET.

7. The power regulation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power regulation circuit also includes a status detection circuit connected to the controller; The detection terminal of the state detection circuit is connected to the adjustment circuit and is used to detect the target electrical signal.

8. The power regulation circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The state detection circuit includes a first detection circuit; The first detection circuit is a voltage divider circuit composed of series-connected detection resistors, and one end of the detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the constant current drive circuit, while the other end is grounded. The series connection point of the detection resistor is connected to the controller.

9. The power supply regulation circuit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The state detection circuit further includes a second detection circuit; The second detection circuit includes a sampling resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the negative feedback circuit and the source of the switching transistor, and the other end of which is grounded.

10. A power supply system, characterized in that, The power supply system is equipped with a power regulation circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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