Sand and dust deposition resistant photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic power generation technical field discloses the photovoltaic module of sand and dust deposition prevention. The utility model provides the photovoltaic module of sand and dust deposition prevention, through setting up the micro convex point array in the light side of the light -transmitting part, the originally continuous plane contact is changed into the point contact of dispersion, makes sand and dust and convex point top contact, its actual attachment area greatly reduces, since real attachment area and adhesion are directly proportional, can weaken the binding force of sand and dust and the surface of light -transmitting part, makes sand and dust difficultly firmly adhere. Meanwhile, when the wind sand flows through the surface of the component, the micro convex point will disturb the laminar boundary layer that originally close to the surface, and produce the micro eddy current between the convex point and the downstream, produce certain lifting effect to the sand and dust that will settle down, hinder its direct contact surface, and the increased turbulent flow can provide stronger stripping shear force to the particle that has adhered but is not firm, assist the particle that has been loosened by the wind force or gravity to be taken away along with the airflow, reduce the settlement of sand and dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically to photovoltaic modules that prevent sand and dust deposition. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a clean power generation technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic cells to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. It has outstanding advantages such as wide resource distribution, clean and pollution-free operation and maintenance costs, and no need to consume fuel, and has become an important direction for global energy transformation.

[0003] The core unit of photovoltaic (PV) power generation is the PV array, which is mainly composed of multiple PV panels (also known as solar cell modules) combined through specific mechanical structures and electrical connections. A single PV panel is the basic unit for photoelectric conversion, typically consisting of multiple laminated solar cells, an upper cover glass, a lower backsheet material, and a surrounding frame. Due to the advantages of long hours of sunshine, strong solar radiation, and sparse cloud cover in desert regions, the PV panels can receive maximum solar energy, thus significantly improving the system's annual power generation and overall efficiency.

[0004] However, desert regions experience frequent sandstorms, and fine dust particles in the air easily settle and adhere to the surface of photovoltaic panels, forming a covering layer. This dust layer significantly blocks and scatters sunlight, resulting in a substantial reduction in the light intensity transmitted to the solar cells, severely decreasing the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the panels and causing a loss of power generation. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module that prevents sand and dust deposition, so as to solve the problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels in desert areas due to surface sedimentation and sand and dust adhesion.

[0006] Specifically, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition provided by this utility model includes a photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel includes a light-transmitting element, and the light-transmitting element has a plurality of micro protrusions on the light-facing side, and the plurality of micro protrusions are arranged in an array.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By setting a micro-bump array on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component, the original continuous planar contact is transformed into discrete point contact. This allows dust particles to contact the limited number of bump tips, significantly reducing the actual adhesion area. Since the actual adhesion area is proportional to the adhesion force, this photovoltaic module structure can weaken the bonding force between dust particles and the surface of the light-transmitting component, making it difficult for dust to adhere firmly. Simultaneously, this micro-bump array structure macroscopically alters the topology of the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting component. When wind and sand flow across the module surface, the micro-bumps disturb the laminar boundary layer that was originally close to the surface, generating micro-vortices between and downstream of the bumps. This has a certain lifting effect on the dust particles about to settle, preventing them from directly contacting the surface. For particles that are already attached but not firmly, the increased turbulence provides stronger peeling shear force, assisting particles loosened by wind or gravity to be carried away by the airflow, reducing the settling of dust particles.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the dust-proof photovoltaic module further includes a frame configured to be mounted on the outer edge of the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] Beneficial effects: As the core load-bearing and force-transmitting component of photovoltaic modules, the frame firmly covers and locks the edges of the photovoltaic panels, enhancing the overall resistance to bending and torsional deformation of the modules, and improving the reliability, durability and service life of the products.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module for preventing dust deposition further includes a deflector plate configured to be located on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting element and mounted on the outer edge of the frame.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By placing the deflector on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic element and installing it on the outer edge of the frame, the deflector acts as a miniature aerodynamic wing or barrier, effectively altering the airflow carrying sand and dust and reducing the total amount of sand and dust reaching the micro-protrusion surface. Specifically, when windblown sand impacts the deflector, some heavier sand and dust particles will directly strike and be blocked by it due to inertia; furthermore, the deflector guides the main airflow upwards, forming an air curtain, allowing most of the sand and dust to pass over the surface of the photovoltaic panel rather than directly impacting and depositing on the surface of the photovoltaic element.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the deflectors are arranged in pairs, with at least one pair of oppositely arranged sides of the frame.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By providing deflectors on at least a pair of oppositely arranged sides of the frame, a multi-directional protective barrier is formed, which effectively intercepts sand and dust particles from multiple wind directions, improving the environmental adaptability and protective reliability of photovoltaic modules.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the surface of any guide plate has an inclination angle with the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the guide plate extends outward from its connection with the frame.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: By setting an inclination angle between the guide plate and the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel, and extending the guide plate outward from its connection with the frame, it possesses an aerodynamic guiding function. That is, when sand and dust impact the panel surface at an angle, the inclined guide plate effectively changes the motion vector of the sand and dust particles, converting the kinetic energy of the particles impacting the guide plate into outward and upward kinetic energy along the panel surface. This displaces or guides the particles away from the module area, improving the interception and removal efficiency of sand and dust carried by the angled wind. Simultaneously, the inclined guide plate can work in conjunction with the micro-bump array to construct a dual dustproof mechanism. The inclined guide plate actively blocks incoming sand and dust, serving as the first and extremely efficient line of defense. The small amount of fine sand and dust that is not completely intercepted by the guide plate and manages to land on the photovoltaic panel surface is passively weakened at the microscopic level by the micro-bump structure and removed by the shearing action of the wind.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the guide plate and the frame enclose a dust guide channel to collect the intercepted sand and dust within the dust guide channel.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition further includes a dust-collecting component having a dust-collecting chamber with a dust-collecting protrusion on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component. The dust-collecting chamber is configured to create a negative pressure environment through a negative pressure component and to adsorb sand and dust that settles and adheres to the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting component through the dust-collecting protrusion.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By setting up negative pressure components, the negative pressure generated by these components is used to actively and directionally apply adsorption force to peel off and remove stubborn fine dust that still adheres to the surface of the light-transmitting components even after micro-bump treatment, thus achieving active removal.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the vacuuming component is configured to be movably mounted on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component along the length and / or width direction of the light-transmitting component via a drive structure.

[0020] Beneficial effects: By introducing a drive structure, the vacuuming component is made mobile, allowing its vacuuming protrusions to traverse the light-facing side surface of the light-transmitting component, reducing blind spots and achieving full-area coverage cleaning.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, the drive structure includes a rack mounted on the frame, a gear meshing with the rack, and a drive member connected to the gear drive, wherein the gear meshes with the rack.

[0022] Beneficial effects: By adding gears, racks and drive components, the rigid meshing of gears and racks can prevent slippage and ensure that the suction protrusion can traverse the light-facing side surface of the light-transmitting component according to the preset path. This prevents the phenomenon of missing some areas due to transmission slippage, thus achieving full-area coverage cleaning.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module dust storage component for preventing sand and dust deposition has a dust storage chamber connected to a negative pressure component for storing sand and dust.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By setting up a dedicated dust storage device, the sucked-up sand and dust are provided to the storage chamber, preventing the sand and dust from settling back onto the photovoltaic panels and causing secondary pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A top view of a photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition, provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 A front view of a photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Photovoltaic panel; 111. Light-transmitting component; 112. Micro-bumps; 113. Light-receiving surface;

[0030] 2. Border;

[0031] 3. Deflector plate;

[0032] 4. Dust guiding channel;

[0033] 5. Vacuuming component; 511. Vacuuming chamber; 512. Vacuuming protrusion;

[0034] 6. Negative pressure components;

[0035] 7. Gear rack,

[0036] 8. Gears;

[0037] 9. Driving components;

[0038] 10. Connection structure;

[0039] 11. Dust collection components;

[0040] α, Inclination angle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0042] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] According to embodiments of this utility model, a photovoltaic module with anti-dust deposition capability is provided, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 1 includes a light-transmitting element 111. The light-transmitting element 111 has a number of micro protrusions 112 on its light-facing side, and the number of micro protrusions 112 are arranged in an array.

[0044] With this configuration, by setting an array of micro-protrusions 112 on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting element 111, the original continuous planar contact is transformed into discrete point contact, so that the sand and dust particles contact the limited tops of the protrusions, and the actual adhesion area is greatly reduced. Since the actual adhesion area is proportional to the adhesion force, the photovoltaic module of this structure can weaken the bonding force between the sand and dust particles and the surface of the light-transmitting element 111, making it difficult for the sand and dust to adhere firmly.

[0045] Meanwhile, the array structure of micro-bumps 112 macroscopically alters the topology of the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting component 111. When wind and sand flow across the surface of the component, the micro-bumps 112 disturb the laminar boundary layer that is originally close to the surface, generating micro-vortices between the bumps and downstream. This has a certain lifting effect on the sand particles that are about to settle, preventing them from directly contacting the surface. For particles that are already attached but not firmly, the increased turbulence can provide stronger peeling shear force, assisting particles that have been loosened by wind or gravity to be carried away by the airflow, thus reducing the settling of sand particles.

[0046] It can be noted that the light-transmitting component 111 is made of tempered glass as the basis for light transmission.

[0047] It can be explained that the micro-bumps 112 are formed on the light-facing side surface of the light-transmitting element 111 by mechanical imprinting or chemical etching.

[0048] Preferably, the diameter of the micro-bumps 112 is 100-300 μm.

[0049] Preferably, the height of the micro-bumps 112 is 20-50 μm.

[0050] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent micro-protrusions 112 is 400-600μm.

[0051] Preferably, the surface roughness Ra of the micro-bumps 112 is 1.0-2.0 μm.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition also includes a frame 2, which is configured to be installed on the outer edge of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0053] With this configuration, the frame 2, as the core load-bearing and force-transmitting component of the photovoltaic module, firmly covers and locks the edge of the photovoltaic panel 1, enhancing the overall resistance to bending and torsional deformation of the module and improving the reliability, durability and service life of the product.

[0054] Preferably, the frame 2 is made of aluminum alloy.

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition also includes a guide plate 3, which is configured to be located on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting element 111 and is installed on the outer edge of the frame 2.

[0056] With this configuration, by placing the deflector 3 on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component 111 and installing the deflector 3 on the outer edge of the frame 2, the deflector 3 can act as a miniature aerodynamic wing or barrier, effectively altering the airflow carrying sand and dust and reducing the total amount of sand and dust reaching the surface of the micro-protrusion 112.

[0057] That is, when the wind and sand flow impacts the guide plate 3, some of the heavier sand and dust particles will directly hit the guide plate 3 due to inertia and be blocked by it; and the guide plate 3 can guide the main airflow to rise upward to form an air curtain, so that most of the sand and dust can pass over the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1, rather than directly impacting and depositing on the surface of the light-transmitting component 111.

[0058] It can be noted that the deflectors 3 are arranged in pairs, with at least one pair of oppositely arranged sides in the frame 2.

[0059] This configuration, with at least a pair of oppositely arranged guide plates 3 on the sides of the frame 2, forms a multi-directional protective barrier, effectively intercepting sand and dust particles from various wind directions, and improving the environmental adaptability and protective reliability of the photovoltaic modules.

[0060] It can be explained that there is an inclination angle α between the surface of any guide plate 3 and the light receiving surface 113 of the photovoltaic panel 1, and the guide plate 3 extends outward from its connection with the frame 2.

[0061] With this configuration, by setting an inclination angle α between the surface of the guide plate 3 and the light receiving surface 113 of the photovoltaic panel 1, and by extending the guide plate 3 outward from its connection with the frame 2, it is equipped with a pneumatic guiding function.

[0062] That is, when the sand and dust flow impacts the plate surface at an angle, the inclined guide plate 3 can effectively change the motion vector of the sand and dust particles, converting the kinetic energy of the sand and dust particles impacting the guide plate 3 into kinetic energy moving outward along the plate surface and upward, thereby throwing or guiding the particles out of the component area, improving the interception and removal efficiency of sand and dust carried by the angled wind.

[0063] Meanwhile, the inclined baffle 3 can work in conjunction with the micro-bump array 112 to build a dual dustproof mechanism.

[0064] That is, the inclined guide plate 3 is responsible for actively blocking the incoming sand and dust, which is the first and extremely efficient line of defense. The small amount of fine sand and dust that is not completely blocked by the guide plate 3 and manages to land on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 is passively weakened by the micro-protrusion 112 structure at the micro level and removed by the shearing action of the wind.

[0065] It can be noted that the tilt angle α ranges from 30° to 45°.

[0066] It can be explained that the guide plate 3 and the frame 2 enclose each other to form a dust guide channel 4, which is used to collect the intercepted sand and dust in the dust guide channel 4.

[0067] It should be noted that the deflector 3 is made of polycarbonate. During maintenance, only check whether the deflector 3 is deformed.

[0068] It can be noted that the guide plate 3 is fixed to the frame 2 by bolts and nuts.

[0069] Preferably, the thickness of the guide plate 3 is 2-3 mm.

[0070] Preferably, the height of the guide plate 3 is 10-15cm.

[0071] The width of the guide plate 3 extends 5-10cm beyond the edge of the light-transmitting component 111.

[0072] This design guides sand and dust particles carried by the oblique wind to slide off the outside of the component, preventing them from depositing on the edge of the light-transmitting element 111.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition also includes a dust collection component 5, which has a dust collection chamber 511. The dust collection chamber 511 has a dust collection protrusion 512 on the light-facing side near the light-transmitting component 111. The dust collection chamber 511 is configured to form a negative pressure environment through the negative pressure component 6, and the dust collection protrusion 512 adsorbs the sand and dust that settles and adheres to the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting component 111.

[0074] With this setup, by using the negative pressure component 6, the negative pressure generated by it is used to actively and directionally apply adsorption force to peel off and remove the stubborn fine dust that is still attached to the surface of the light-transmitting component 111 after being treated with micro-bumps 112, thus achieving active cleaning.

[0075] It can be noted that the negative pressure component 6 is a negative pressure pump.

[0076] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vacuum cleaner 5 is connected to the gear 8 via the connecting structure 10.

[0077] In one embodiment, the connecting structure 10 includes a drive shaft, a bearing, a bushing, and a connecting rod.

[0078] Specifically, along the axial direction of gear 8, a transmission shaft is provided on the side of gear 8 away from the driving component 9. Along the radial direction of the transmission shaft, a bushing is provided on the outer sleeve of the transmission shaft. A bearing is provided between the bushing and the transmission shaft. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bushing, and the other end is fixedly installed on the dust collection component 5.

[0079] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the vacuum cleaner 5 is configured to be movably mounted on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component 111 along the length and / or width direction of the light-transmitting component 111 via a drive structure.

[0080] This configuration, by introducing a drive structure, enables the vacuuming component 5 to move, allowing its vacuuming protrusion 512 to traverse the light-facing side surface of the light-transmitting component 111, reducing blind spots and achieving full-area coverage cleaning.

[0081] It can be explained that the direction of movement of the vacuum cleaner 5 is at least one of the length direction and the width direction of the light-transmitting component 111. When moving, the vacuum cleaner 5 moves from one end to the other along the length direction or the width direction of the light-transmitting component 111.

[0082] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive structure includes a rack 7 mounted on the frame 2, a gear 8 meshing with the rack 7, and a drive component 9 that is connected to the gear 8 in a transmission manner. The gear 8 meshes with the rack 7.

[0083] With this configuration, by adding gear 8, rack 7 and drive component 9, since gear 8 and rack 7 are rigidly meshed, slippage can be avoided, ensuring that the suction protrusion 512 can traverse the light-facing side surface of the light-transmitting component 111 according to the preset path, and there will be no phenomenon of missing some areas due to transmission slippage, thus achieving full-area coverage cleaning.

[0084] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition also includes a dust storage component 11, which has a dust storage chamber connected to a negative pressure component 6 for storing sand and dust.

[0085] With this setup, a dedicated dust storage component 11 is used to store the sucked-up sand and dust in the storage chamber, preventing the sand and dust from settling back onto the photovoltaic panel 1 and causing secondary pollution.

[0086] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module that prevents sand and dust deposition, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic panel (1) includes a light-transmitting element (111), wherein the light-transmitting element (111) has a plurality of micro protrusions (112) on the light-facing side, and the plurality of micro protrusions (112) are arranged in an array.

2. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The frame (2) is configured to be installed on the outer edge of the photovoltaic panel (1).

3. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A deflector (3) is configured to be located on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting element (111), and the deflector (3) is mounted on the outer edge of the frame (2).

4. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide plates (3) are arranged in pairs, with at least one pair of oppositely arranged sides of the frame (2).

5. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of any guide plate (3) has an inclination angle (α) between it and the light receiving surface (113) of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the guide plate (3) extends outward from its connection with the frame (2).

6. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide plate (3) and the frame (2) enclose a dust guide channel (4) for collecting the intercepted sand and dust in the dust guide channel (4).

7. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, Also includes: The dust collection component (5) has a dust collection chamber (511) with a dust collection protrusion (512) on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component (111). The dust collection chamber (511) is configured to form a negative pressure environment through a negative pressure component (6) and to adsorb the sand and dust that settles and adheres to the light-facing surface of the light-transmitting component (111) through the dust collection protrusion (512).

8. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dust collection component (5) is configured to be movably mounted on the light-facing side of the light-transmitting component (111) along the length and / or width direction of the light-transmitting component (111) via a drive structure.

9. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drive structure includes a rack (7) mounted on the frame (2), a gear (8) meshing with the rack (7), and a drive member (9) connected to the gear (8) in a transmission manner. The gear (8) meshes with the rack (7).

10. The photovoltaic module for preventing sand and dust deposition according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The dust storage component (11) has a dust storage chamber, which is connected to the negative pressure component (6) and is used to store sand and dust.

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