Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the photovoltaic field, and provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises: a plurality of cell strings, the plurality of cell strings are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, the cell strings arranged along the first direction are connected in series with each other, the cell strings arranged at intervals along the second direction are connected in parallel with each other, each cell string comprises a plurality of solar cell pieces connected in series; a busbar device, the busbar device is used for connecting the cell strings in series or in parallel, the busbar device comprises: two busbars, each busbar is electrically connected with a cell string; a detection chip, the detection chip is electrically connected with the two busbars, is powered by the busbar device and monitors an electrical signal on the busbar device; an encapsulation adhesive film, the encapsulation adhesive film is used for covering surfaces of the cell strings and the busbar device; and a cover plate, the cover plate is used for covering a surface of the encapsulation adhesive film away from the cell strings. The electrical signal of the photovoltaic module can be intelligently monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the photovoltaic field, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] As a component of a photovoltaic system, the operating status of photovoltaic modules plays a decisive role in the safe and stable operation of the entire system. Currently, photovoltaic modules are often connected in series with inverters and finally connected to the photovoltaic system. However, due to the large number of modules in the string and the limitations of current module technology, it is difficult to monitor all modules in the string one by one, making it difficult to achieve full life cycle management.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module that can be monitored during operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] This disclosure provides a photovoltaic module that can at least monitor the photovoltaic module during its operation.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, one aspect of this disclosure provides a photovoltaic module, including: a plurality of battery strings, the plurality of battery strings being arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction, the battery strings arranged along the first direction being connected in series with each other, and the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction being connected in parallel with each other, each battery string including a plurality of solar cells connected in series; a busbar device, the busbar device being used to connect the battery strings in series or in parallel, the busbar device including: two bus bars, the bus bars being electrically connected to the battery strings; a detection chip, the detection chip being electrically connected to the two bus bars, powered by the busbar device and monitoring the electrical signals on the busbar device; an encapsulating film, the encapsulating film being used to cover the surface of the battery strings and the busbar device; and a cover plate, the cover plate being used to cover the surface of the encapsulating film away from the battery strings.

[0006] In some embodiments, the detection chip includes: a detection module for monitoring electrical signals on the combiner device; and a processing module electrically connected to the detection module for receiving electrical signals from the combiner device monitored by the detection module and processing accordingly when the electrical signals on the combiner device are abnormal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the processing module issues an alarm when the electrical signal is within a preset range but the fluctuation of the electrical signal exceeds the expected fluctuation; when the electrical signal is outside the preset range, the processing module disconnects the bus device with the detection chip embedded from the rest of the battery string.

[0008] In some embodiments, the current collector located in the battery string arranged away from the adjacent battery strings and along the second direction is a first current collector, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged along the first direction in series. The current collector located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction is a second current collector, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction in parallel. The two current collectors located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction and at the ends arranged along the first direction are a third current collector, which is used to output an electrical signal. The photovoltaic module further includes a control switch, which is connected in series between adjacent second current collectors and between the second current collector and the third current collector. When the processing module disconnects the abnormal battery string, the control switch closest to the abnormal battery string is turned on.

[0009] In some embodiments, a data transmitter is fixed to the surface of the cover plate, and the data transmitter is communicatively connected to the detection chip to receive, store, and upload electrical signals acquired by the detection chip to a terminal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the detection chip includes: an electrical signal sensor for acquiring voltage and current signals of the busbar; a pressure sensor for detecting pressure on the battery string; and a temperature sensor for detecting the surface temperature of the battery string.

[0011] In some embodiments, the detection chip further includes a memory, which is electrically connected to the electrical signal sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, for storing voltage and current signals detected by the electrical signal sensor, pressure detected by the pressure sensor, and surface temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the busbar located in the battery string arranged away from the adjacent battery strings and along the second direction is a first busbar, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged along the first direction in series. The busbar located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction is a second busbar, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction in parallel. The two busbars located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction and at the ends arranged along the first direction are a third busbar, which is used to output an electrical signal. The detection chip includes: a first detector, which is embedded in the first busbar and is used to detect the electrical signal on the battery strings arranged along the first direction; and a second detector, which is embedded in either the second busbar or the third busbar and is used to detect the electrical signal on the battery strings arranged along the second direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first detector is turned off when the second detector does not detect an anomaly, and turned on when the second detector detects an anomaly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the device further includes a second detection chip located on both sides of the battery string along the first direction, for detecting the height difference between the battery strings arranged along the first direction, and issuing an alarm when the height difference between any two battery strings exceeds a preset height difference.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has at least the following advantages: First, the detection chip is electrically connected to the busbar and powered by the busbar, so no additional wiring is required to complete the normal operation of the detection chip. At the same time, the busbar device composed of the detection chip and the busbar realizes the series or parallel connection of battery strings, which does not require additional space for photovoltaic modules. Second, the detection chip can detect the electrical signal flowing through the busbar, thereby completing the monitoring of photovoltaic modules and realizing intelligent monitoring of photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with corresponding pictures in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the pictures in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection chip provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another detection chip provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another detection chip provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100. Battery string; 110. Solar cell; 101. Busbar; 111. Busbar strip; 121. Detection chip; 102. Encapsulating film; 103. Cover plate; 131. Detection module; 141. Processing module; 151. First busbar; 161. Second busbar; 171. Third busbar; 104. Control switch; 1211. Electrical signal sensor; 1212. Pressure sensor; 1213. Temperature sensor; 1214. Memory; 181. First detector; 191. Second detector; 105. Second detection chip; 106. Data transmitter. Detailed Implementation

[0026] As can be seen from the background technology, it is currently difficult to monitor photovoltaic modules during their operation, and it is also difficult to trace the cause of photovoltaic module abnormalities and the time when the abnormalities occurred.

[0027] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has at least the following advantages: First, the detection chip is electrically connected to the busbar and powered by the busbar, so no additional wiring is required to complete the normal operation of the detection chip. At the same time, the busbar device composed of the detection chip and the busbar realizes the series or parallel connection of battery strings, which does not require additional space for photovoltaic modules. Second, the detection chip can detect the electrical signal flowing through the busbar, thereby completing the monitoring of photovoltaic modules and realizing intelligent monitoring of photovoltaic modules.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary or secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0029] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of this disclosure, the thickness and area of ​​the layers are enlarged for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component may be "directly" located on the surface of the other component, or there may be a third component between the two components. Conversely, when describing a component on the surface of another component, or when another component is formed or disposed on the surface of a component, it indicates that there is no third component between the two components. Furthermore, when describing a component as being "generally" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a portion of the edge of the entire surface.

[0035] In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, when a component "includes" another component, other components are not excluded unless otherwise stated, and may be further included. Furthermore, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located" on another component, it can be "directly" on the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them), or another component may be present therein. Additionally, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located" on another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it indicates that no other components are located therein.

[0036] The terminology used in the description of the various embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, the term "component" is also intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Components include layers, films, regions, or plates, etc.

[0037] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this disclosure to facilitate a better understanding of the disclosure. However, the technical solutions claimed in this disclosure can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0038] refer to Figures 1 to 7 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection chip provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another detection chip provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another detection chip provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] In some embodiments, a photovoltaic module may include: a plurality of battery strings 100, the plurality of battery strings 100 being arranged at intervals along a first direction X and a second direction Y, the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction X being connected in series with each other, and the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y being connected in parallel with each other, and the battery strings 100 including a plurality of solar cells 110 connected in series.

[0040] The photovoltaic module may also include: a combiner device 101, which is used to connect the battery string 100 in series or in parallel. The combiner device 101 includes: two busbars 111, which are electrically connected to the battery string 100; and a detection chip 121, which is electrically connected to the two busbars 111 and is powered by the combiner device 101 and monitors the electrical signals on the combiner device 101.

[0041] The photovoltaic module may also include an encapsulating film 102, which is used to cover the surface of the cell string 100 and the combiner device 101.

[0042] The photovoltaic module may also include a cover plate 103 for covering the surface of the encapsulating film 102 away from the cell string 100.

[0043] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has at least the following advantages: First, the detection chip 121 is electrically connected to the busbar 111 and powered by the busbar 111, thus eliminating the need for additional wiring to ensure the normal operation of the detection chip 121. Simultaneously, the busbar device 101, composed of the detection chip 121 and the busbar 111, enables the series or parallel connection of the battery strings 100, eliminating the need for additional space occupied by the photovoltaic module. Second, the detection chip 121 can detect the electrical signals flowing through the busbar 111, thereby enabling monitoring of the photovoltaic module and achieving intelligent monitoring. Furthermore, since the detection chip 121 and the battery strings 100 are encapsulated together within the encapsulation film 102 and the cover plate 103, interference during the detection process can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection chip 121.

[0044] In some embodiments, the solar cell 110 includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell), IBC (Interdigitated Back Contact), TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), HIT / HJT (Heterojunction Technology), thin-film solar cells, and tandem solar cells. Thin-film solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite thin-film solar cells, copper indium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells, gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin-film solar cells, and cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin-film solar cells. Tandem solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite cells stacked with crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells stacked with perovskite cells, and perovskite cells stacked with thin-film cells. Furthermore, the solar cell 100 can be a single cell or a sliced ​​cell; a sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by cutting a single, complete cell.

[0045] In the diagram, the solar cells 110 in the battery string are spaced apart. In reality, different solar cells can be electrically connected to each other by solder strips, but this is not shown here for clarity.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the detection chip 121 may include: a detection module 131, which monitors the electrical signals on the combiner device 101; and a processing module 141, which is electrically connected to the detection module 131, receives the electrical signals of the combiner device 101 monitored by the detection module 131, and handles the abnormality according to the abnormality. The detection module 131 acquires the electrical signals of the combiner device 101, and the processing module 141 analyzes the electrical signals, handles the abnormality when it occurs, and alerts maintenance personnel to perform maintenance, thereby completing the monitoring process.

[0047] The electrical signals here can include current signals or voltage signals, etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the electrical signal is within a preset range but the fluctuation of the electrical signal exceeds the expected fluctuation, the processing module 141 issues an alarm; when the electrical signal is outside the preset range, the processing module 141 disconnects the current collector 101 embedded in the detection chip 121 from the remaining battery strings 100. In other words, the processing module 141 performs different processing based on the electrical signal feedback from the detection module 131. When the electrical signal is within the preset range and the fluctuation of the electrical signal exceeds the expected fluctuation, it may indicate that the photovoltaic module is partially shaded for a certain period of time, causing fluctuations in the transmission of the electrical signal. At this time, the photovoltaic module itself is not abnormal, and an alarm is issued to remind maintenance personnel to check. However, when the electrical signal is outside the preset range, it indicates that the electrical signal flowing through the detection chip 121 is abnormal, and there is an abnormality in the battery string 100. In this case, the current on the battery string 100 can be prevented from continuing to flow into the overall electrical signal of the photovoltaic module by disconnecting the current collector 101, thereby avoiding affecting the operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0049] It is understood that the busbar 111 of the combiner device 101 is electrically connected through the detection chip 121. Therefore, by controlling the detection chip 121 to disconnect, the combiner device 101 can be disconnected, thereby disconnecting the battery string 100 electrically connected to the combiner device 101 from the other battery strings 100.

[0050] In some embodiments, an alarm is triggered to alert maintenance personnel that some of the battery strings 100 in this photovoltaic module is malfunctioning when the combiner 101 is disconnected from the rest of the battery strings 100.

[0051] In some embodiments, after the combiner device 101 is disconnected from the other battery strings 100, it can be reconnected to the other battery strings 100 by resetting. The reset signal can be automatically triggered when the photovoltaic module is reconnected to the grid, or it can be reconnected to the other battery strings 100 by manual reset by maintenance personnel.

[0052] For different combiner devices 101, the electrical signals detected on each combiner device 101 may be different. For battery strings 100 connected in series, as the number of connected battery strings 100 increases along the current flow direction, the electrical signals detected by the detection chip 121 in the combiner device 101 will change.

[0053] refer to Figure 4In some embodiments, a first busbar 151 is a busbar located on the side of the battery string 100 away from the adjacent battery string 100 and arranged along the second direction Y with the battery string 100. The first busbar 151 is used to connect the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction X in series. A busbar 101 located between the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y is a second busbar 161. The second busbar 161 is used to connect the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y in parallel. Two busbars 101 located between the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y and located at the ends of the arrangement along the first direction are a third busbar 171. The photovoltaic module also includes a control switch 104, which is connected in series between adjacent second busbars 161 and between the second busbars 161 and the third busbar 171. When the processing module 141 disconnects the abnormal battery string, the control switch 104 closest to the abnormal battery string is turned on.

[0054] It is understandable that the current collector 101 includes a first current collector 151 for connecting the battery strings 100 in series, a second current collector 161 for connecting the battery strings 100 in parallel, and a third current collector 171 as an output terminal. The second current collector 161 also serves to connect the battery strings 100 in series. As shown in the figure, two rows of battery strings 100 are arranged along the second direction Y. The battery strings 100 in the first row are defined as the first upper battery string, the second upper battery string, and the sixth upper battery string, respectively. The battery strings 100 in the second row are defined as the first lower battery string, the second lower battery string, and the sixth lower battery string, respectively. When the first upper battery string malfunctions, the battery strings 100 in the first row... The connection between the third combiner 171 and the second combiner 161 is broken. Therefore, the control switch 104 closest to the first upper battery string is turned on, that is, the control switch 104 between the third combiner 171 and the second combiner 161, thereby connecting the third combiner 171 and the second combiner 161 and completing the signal output of the remaining battery strings 100. Similarly, when the second upper battery string is abnormal, the control switch 104 between the third combiner 171 and the second combiner 161 is turned on to complete the signal output of the remaining battery strings 100. When the third upper battery string is abnormal, the control switch 104 between the two second combiners 161 is turned on to complete the signal output of the remaining battery strings 100, and so on.

[0055] By setting the control switch 104, the photovoltaic module can still output electrical signals even when any cell string 100 in the photovoltaic module malfunctions, thereby improving the lifespan and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] In some embodiments, the control switch 104 may be a transistor, with its base controlled by the processing module 141. The control switch 104 may also be a single-pole single-throw switch, which is controlled by the processing module 141 to turn on and off, etc.

[0057] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the detection chip 121 includes: an electrical signal sensor 1211 for acquiring voltage and current signals from the combiner device 101; a pressure sensor 1212 for detecting pressure on the battery string 100; and a temperature sensor 1213 for detecting the surface temperature of the battery string 100. In other words, the detection chip 121 not only detects the electrical signals from the combiner device 101, but also the pressure on the battery string 100 and its surface temperature. Similarly, it issues an alarm when the pressure on the battery string 100 exceeds a predetermined level, and when the surface temperature of the battery string 100 exceeds a predetermined level, further enhancing the intelligence of the photovoltaic module and facilitating real-time monitoring of its condition.

[0058] In some embodiments, the detection chip 121 further includes a memory 1214, which is electrically connected to the electrical signal sensor 1211, the pressure sensor 1212, and the temperature sensor 1213. The memory 1214 stores the voltage and current signals detected by the electrical signal sensor 1211, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 1212, and the surface temperature detected by the temperature sensor 1213. In other words, the detection chip 121 has a built-in memory 1214, which can store various parameters of the photovoltaic module detected by the electrical signal sensor 1211, the pressure sensor 1212, and the temperature sensor 1213 in real time. This facilitates tracing the time and cause of any abnormalities and helps maintenance personnel locate the problem.

[0059] In some embodiments, the memory 1214 can periodically erase stored data to facilitate the storage of new data. When the photovoltaic module is not malfunctioning, the data in the memory 1214 is only used for routine analysis. Periodic erasure can save storage space so that abnormal results can be stored when the photovoltaic module malfunctions.

[0060] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4In some embodiments, a busbar 101 located on the side of the battery string 100 away from the adjacent battery string 100 and arranged along the second direction Y with the battery string is a first busbar 151. The first busbar 151 is used to connect the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction X in series. A busbar 101 located between the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y is a second busbar 161. The second busbar 161 is used to connect the battery strings 100 arranged at intervals along the second direction Y in parallel. The two busbars 101 located at the ends of the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction are the third busbar 171. The detection chip 121 includes: a first detector 181, which is embedded in the corresponding first busbar 151 and is used to detect the electrical signals on the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction X; and a second detector 191, which is embedded in the corresponding second busbar 161 or the corresponding third busbar 171 and is used to detect the electrical signals on the battery strings 100 arranged along the second direction Y.

[0061] In other words, the detection chip 121 embedded in the first busbar 151 is different from the detection chips 121 embedded in the second busbar 161 and the third busbar 171. As shown in the figure, there are two rows of battery strings arranged along the second direction Y. For the first busbar 151, the first detector 181 detects the electrical signal of the first row of battery strings and is not affected by the electrical signal of the other row of battery strings 100. For the second busbar 161 and the third busbar 171, the electrical signals on the second busbar 161 and the third busbar 171 are the convergence of the electrical signals of the two rows of battery strings at the same time. Different detection chips 121 are set to deal with different detection situations.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first detector 181 is turned off when the second detector 191 does not detect an abnormality, and turned on when the second detector 191 detects an abnormality. For the second detector 191, the collected electrical signals from the battery strings 100 are analyzed. When the electrical signals detected by the second detector 191 are not abnormal, it indicates that no abnormality has occurred. Turning off the first detector 181 reduces the consumption of charge carriers generated by the photovoltaic module, thereby avoiding excessive impact on the output of the photovoltaic module. When the second detector 191 detects an abnormality, turning on the first detector 181 can detect which specific battery strings 100 are abnormal, thereby improving the accuracy of the judgment.

[0063] As shown in the figure, two rows of battery strings are arranged along the second direction Y. The battery strings 100 in the first row are defined as the first upper battery string, the second upper battery string to the sixth upper battery string, respectively. The battery strings 100 in the second row are defined as the first lower battery string, the second lower battery string to the sixth lower battery string, respectively. The first busbar 151 in the first row is defined as the first first busbar, the second first busbar, and the third first busbar, respectively. The second busbar 161 arranged along the first direction X is defined as the first second busbar and the second second second busbar, respectively. The third busbar 161 arranged along the first direction X is defined as the first second busbar and the second second second busbar, respectively. The flow devices 171 are sequentially defined as the first third busbar and the second third busbar. The electrical signal flowing through the first busbar 151 is the electrical signal of the first upper battery string. The electrical signal flowing through the second busbar 161 is the sum of the electrical signals of the first upper battery string, the second upper battery string, and the third upper battery string. The electrical signal flowing through the first third busbar is the sum of the electrical signals of the first upper battery string and the first lower battery string. The electrical signal flowing through the first second busbar is the sum of the electrical signals of the first upper battery string, the second upper battery string, the first lower battery string, and the second lower battery string, and so on.

[0064] When the electrical signal detected on the first third combiner device is abnormal, it indicates that the first upper battery string and / or the first lower battery string is abnormal. By activating the first detector 181 that detects the first upper battery string and the first lower battery string, it can be determined which battery string 100 is abnormal, thereby enabling accurate determination of the location of the abnormal battery string.

[0065] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module may further include a data transmitter 106, which is fixed to the surface of the cover plate 103. The data transmitter 106 is communicatively connected to the detection chip 121, receives, stores, and uploads the electrical signals acquired by the detection chip 121 to a terminal. The data transmitter 106 can transmit the electrical signals of the photovoltaic module to the cloud, facilitating remote monitoring of the photovoltaic module by maintenance personnel. Furthermore, it allows maintenance personnel to remotely monitor multiple photovoltaic modules, improving the convenience of monitoring.

[0066] In some embodiments, one end of the data transmitter 106 can be electrically connected to the junction box of the photovoltaic module and powered by the photovoltaic module, while the other end can be connected to other components to complete the normal operation of the data transmitter 106.

[0067] The data transmitter 106 can communicate with the detection chip 121 via Bluetooth or other means.

[0068] refer to Figure 4In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module may further include a second detection chip 105, located on both sides of the battery string 100 along the first direction X, for detecting the height difference of the battery strings 100 arranged along the first direction X, and issuing an alarm when the height difference between any two battery strings 100 exceeds a preset height difference. The second detection chip 105 can detect the deformation of the battery strings 100 within the photovoltaic module, thereby further monitoring whether the photovoltaic module is malfunctioning.

[0069] The second detection chip 105 can be electrically connected to the busbar 111 via wiring, thereby utilizing the power supply of the busbar 111. At the same time, the second detection chip 105 can be encapsulated inside the photovoltaic module, thereby reducing the judgment error of the second detection chip 105.

[0070] refer to Figure 7 In some embodiments, the encapsulating film 102 includes a first encapsulating layer and a second encapsulating layer. The first encapsulating layer covers one of the front or back sides of the solar cell, and the second encapsulating layer covers the other of the front or back sides of the solar cell. Specifically, at least one of the first or second encapsulating layer can be an organic encapsulating film such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyvinyl octene elastomer (POE) film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Alternatively, at least one of the first or second encapsulating layer can also be an EP film, an EPE film, or a PVP film. Here, an EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of stacked EVA and POE films; an EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by sequentially stacking EVA, POE, and EVA films; and a PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking POE, EVA, and POE films. Co-extruded films can be prepared by sequentially extruding one or more raw materials onto another pre-made film during the film processing, or by bonding different types of pre-made films together.

[0071] In some cases, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer still have a boundary line before lamination. After lamination, the photovoltaic module will no longer have the concept of a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer. That is, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer have formed an integral encapsulation film 102.

[0072] In some embodiments, the cover plate 103 can be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or other cover plate with light-transmitting function. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 103 facing the encapsulating film 102 can be an uneven surface or a textured surface containing multiple raised structures, thereby increasing the utilization rate of incident light. The cover plate 103 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate being opposite to the first encapsulation layer, and the second cover plate being opposite to the second encapsulation layer.

[0073] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has at least the following advantages: First, the detection chip 121 is electrically connected to the busbar 111 and powered by the busbar 111, thus eliminating the need for additional wiring to ensure the normal operation of the detection chip 121. Simultaneously, the busbar device 101, composed of the detection chip 121 and the busbar 111, enables the series or parallel connection of the battery strings 100, eliminating the need for additional space occupied by the photovoltaic module. Second, the detection chip 121 can detect the electrical signals flowing through the busbar 111, thereby enabling monitoring of the photovoltaic module and achieving intelligent monitoring. Furthermore, since the detection chip 121 and the battery strings 100 are encapsulated together within the encapsulation film 102 and the cover plate 103, interference during the detection process can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection chip 121.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing this disclosure, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this disclosure; therefore, the scope of protection of the embodiments of this disclosure should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery strings are arranged at intervals along a first direction and a second direction. The battery strings arranged along the first direction are connected in series with each other, and the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction are connected in parallel with each other. Each battery string includes multiple solar cells connected in series. A current combiner device is used to connect the battery string in series or in parallel. The current combiner device includes: two busbars electrically connected to the battery string; and a detection chip electrically connected to the two busbars, which is powered by the current combiner device and monitors the electrical signals on the current combiner device. An encapsulating film is used to cover the surfaces of the battery string and the current collector; A cover plate for covering the surface of the encapsulating film away from the battery string.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection chip includes: The detection module is used to monitor the electrical signals on the combiner device; The processing module is electrically connected to the detection module, receives the electrical signal of the combiner device monitored by the detection module, and handles the abnormality according to the abnormality when the electrical signal on the combiner device is abnormal.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: When the electrical signal is within a preset range, but the fluctuation of the electrical signal exceeds the expected fluctuation, the processing module issues an alarm; When the electrical signal is outside the preset range, the processing module disconnects the bus device with the detection chip embedded from the rest of the battery string.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current collector located on the side of the battery string away from the adjacent battery string and arranged along the second direction with the battery string is a first current collector, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged along the first direction in series. The current collector located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction is a second current collector, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction in parallel. The two current collectors located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction and located at the ends of the battery strings arranged along the first direction are a third current collector, which is used to output an electrical signal. The photovoltaic module further includes: A control switch is connected in series between adjacent second combiner devices and between the second combiner device and the third combiner device, wherein when the processing module disconnects the abnormal battery string, the control switch closest to the abnormal battery string is turned on.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A data transmitter is fixed to the surface of the cover plate. The data transmitter is communicatively connected to the detection chip, receives electrical signals acquired by the detection chip, stores them, and uploads them to the terminal.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection chip includes: An electrical signal sensor, wherein the electrical signal sensor is used to acquire the voltage signal and current signal of the bus device; A pressure sensor, used to detect the pressure applied to the battery string; A temperature sensor is used to detect the surface temperature of the battery string.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detection chip also includes: The memory is electrically connected to the electrical signal sensor, the pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor, and is used to store the voltage and current signals detected by the electrical signal sensor, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, and the surface temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar located on the side of the battery string away from the adjacent battery string and arranged along the second direction with the battery string is a first busbar, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged along the first direction in series. The busbar located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction is a second busbar, which is used to connect the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction in parallel. The two busbars located between the battery strings arranged at intervals along the second direction and located at the ends arranged along the first direction are a third busbar, which is used to output an electrical signal. The detection chip includes: A first detector, embedded in the corresponding first busbar device, is used to detect electrical signals on the battery string arranged along the first direction; The second detector, which is embedded in either the second or third busbar device, is used to detect electrical signals on the battery string arranged along the second direction.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first detector is turned off when the second detector does not detect an abnormality, and turned on when the second detector detects an abnormality.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second detection chip is located on both sides of the battery string along the first direction. It is used to detect the height difference of the battery strings arranged along the first direction and to issue an alarm when the height difference between any two battery strings exceeds a preset height difference.

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