An upflow filter tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses an upflow filter tank, it is including: pool body, the pool body is from below to above and is provided with water distribution air distribution system, filter bed, water collecting tank in proper order, filter inlet pipe is connected with water distribution air distribution system, backwash inlet pipe is connected with water distribution air distribution system, bottom blowdown pipe is connected with water distribution air distribution system, backwash inlet pipe is connected with water distribution air distribution system, filter outlet pipe is connected with water collecting tank, backwash drain pipe is connected with pool body, the utility model provides an upflow filter tank can save backwash water consumption and backwash time significantly, solves the problem that the filter material is consolidated and is caused by the incomplete washing, and backwash is more reasonable, has the stronger operability, can accurate realization filter tank washing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water treatment technology, specifically, it relates to an upward flow filter. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, upflow filters have water inlet at the bottom and outlet at the top, with the entire filter media serving as a contaminant-holding layer. Since the main contaminants are concentrated in the lower part of the filter media, the backwashing method is crucial for restoring operational efficiency. Currently, upflow filters often use a combination of lowering the water level and air-water backwashing. This involves first lowering the filter level to flush the filter media, followed by sequential air washing, combined air-water washing, water washing, and rinsing. However, the water flow direction in combined air-water washing is the same as the filtration direction, making flushing difficult, requiring a large amount of flushing water, and making it difficult to ensure the filter media is thoroughly cleaned. Over time, this can easily lead to filter media caking, resulting in long backwashing times and high backwashing water consumption. When applied to wastewater treatment, this also presents problems such as filter media caking.

[0003] In view of this, this utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an upward flow filter that can significantly save backwash water consumption and backwash time, solve the problem of filter media caking caused by incomplete rinsing, and make backwashing more reasonable, more operable, and able to accurately achieve filter flushing.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An upflow filter includes:

[0007] The pool body, from bottom to top, is provided with a water distribution and air distribution system, a filter bed, and a water collection tank;

[0008] The filter inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system.

[0009] The backwash air inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system.

[0010] The bottom drain pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system.

[0011] The backwash inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system.

[0012] The filtered water outlet pipe is connected to the water collection tank;

[0013] The backwash drain pipe is connected to the pool body.

[0014] Furthermore: the backwash water inlet pipe includes a first backwash water inlet pipe and a second backwash water inlet pipe. The first backwash water inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution pipe via a gas-liquid mixer, and the second backwash water inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution pipe.

[0015] Furthermore: the filter inlet pipe is equipped with a filter inlet valve, the backwash air inlet pipe is equipped with a backwash air inlet valve, the bottom drain pipe is equipped with a bottom drain valve, and the backwash inlet pipe is equipped with a backwash inlet valve.

[0016] Furthermore, the filter bed is provided with a pebble pad layer at the bottom and a filter media layer at the top.

[0017] Furthermore: the filter outlet pipe is equipped with a filter outlet valve, and the backwash drain pipe is equipped with a backwash drain valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the water and air distribution pipe is provided with multiple swirling holes, and the inner wall of the swirling holes has a spiral waterway.

[0019] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent swirling holes near the inner wall of the pool is smaller than the spacing between adjacent swirling holes near the center of the pool.

[0020] Furthermore, the water outlet direction of the vortex holes arranged near the inner wall of the pool is towards the inner wall of the pool.

[0021] Furthermore: the water collection tank is connected to the clear water channel via a gate valve, the clear water channel is located outside the pool body, and the clear water channel is connected to the filtered water outlet pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, a drainage channel is provided on the outside of the pool body. The drainage channel is connected to the inside of the pool body through a flap valve and is connected to the backwash drain pipe.

[0023] Furthermore: the bottom of the flap valve is located 200-300mm above the filter bed.

[0024] Furthermore, the bottom of the water collection tank is provided with flow holes at uniform intervals, and the flow holes are in communication with the water in the pool.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0026] The upward flow filter provided by this utility model can significantly save backwash water consumption and backwash time, solve the problem of filter media caking caused by incomplete rinsing, and make backwashing more reasonable, more operable, and able to accurately achieve filter flushing.

[0027] The upward flow filter provided by this invention utilizes a backwash inlet water and air to rapidly mix in a gas-liquid mixer. The air dissolves into the water and is ultimately released to the bottom of the filter bed through swirling holes in the water and air distribution pipes. By setting swirling holes with opposite rotation directions, the gas-water mixture in adjacent holes moves in opposite directions under centrifugal force, creating a localized swirling scrubbing force in the lower filter media layer of the filter bed. This accelerates the lateral agitation of the lower filter media layer, quickly cleaning the pollutants adsorbed on the filter media surface. After the gas-liquid mixture is released through the swirling holes, it instantly forms nanobubbles that act on the filter media surface, significantly increasing the contact opportunity with the filter media surface. Compared to traditional large bubbles, its cleaning effect is superior.

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, as part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water and air distribution pipe structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Water and air distribution system; 3. Filter bed; 4. Water collection tank;

[0036] 211. Filter inlet pipe; 212. Filter inlet valve; 213. Backwash air inlet pipe; 214. Backwash air inlet valve; 215. Bottom drain pipe; 216. Bottom drain valve; 217. First backwash inlet pipe; 218. First backwash inlet valve; 219. Second backwash inlet pipe; 220. Second backwash inlet valve; 221. Gas-liquid mixer; 222. Water and air distribution pipe; 222a. Swirl orifice;

[0037] 411. Filter outlet pipe; 412. Filter outlet valve; 413. Backwash drain pipe; 414. Backwash drain valve; 415. Clear water channel; 416. Gate valve; 417. Drainage channel; 418. Flip valve.

[0038] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an upflow filter, which includes:

[0044] The pool body 1 contains, from bottom to top, a water and air distribution system 2, a filter bed 3, and a water collection tank 4.

[0045] The water and air distribution system 2 is connected to the filter water inlet pipe 211, the backwash air inlet pipe 213, the bottom drain pipe 215, and the backwash water inlet pipe, respectively. The filter water inlet pipe 211 is equipped with a filter water inlet valve 212, the backwash air inlet pipe 213 is equipped with a backwash air inlet valve 214, the bottom drain pipe 215 is equipped with a bottom drain valve 216, and the backwash water inlet pipe is equipped with a backwash water inlet valve.

[0046] The backwash water inlet pipe includes a first backwash water inlet pipe 217 and a second backwash water inlet pipe 219. The first backwash water inlet pipe 217 is connected to the water and air distribution pipe 222 through the gas-liquid mixer 221 and the first backwash water inlet valve 218. The gas-liquid mixer 221 quickly mixes water and air to form a gas-water mixture. The second backwash water inlet pipe 219 is connected to the water and air distribution pipe 222 through the second backwash water inlet valve 220.

[0047] The water collection tank 4 is connected to the filter outlet pipe 411 and the backwash drain pipe 413. The filter outlet pipe 411 is equipped with a filter outlet valve 412, and the backwash drain pipe 413 is equipped with a backwash drain valve 414.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, multiple swirling holes 222a are arranged on the water and air distribution pipe 222. The inner wall of the swirling holes 222a has a spiral water channel to control the rotation direction of the outflowing water.

[0049] Preferably, the spiral channels of two adjacent vortex holes 222a rotate in opposite directions, see Figure 4 .

[0050] The backwash water and air are rapidly mixed in a gas-liquid mixer, with the air dissolving into the water. The mixture is then released to the bottom of the filter bed through swirling holes in the water and air distribution pipes. Since adjacent swirling holes rotate in opposite directions, the gas-water mixture in adjacent holes moves in opposite directions under centrifugal force, creating a localized swirling scrubbing force in the lower filter media layer of the filter bed. This accelerates the lateral agitation of the lower filter media layer and quickly cleans the pollutants adsorbed on the filter media surface. In addition, the gas-liquid mixture is released through the swirling holes, instantly forming nanobubbles that act on the filter media surface, significantly increasing the chance of contact with the filter media surface. Compared with traditional large bubbles, its cleaning effect is better.

[0051] As an optional implementation, to achieve better cleaning results, the spacing of the vortex holes 222a near the inner wall of the pool body 1 is greater than the spacing at the center of the pool body 1. This is because, in experiments, it was found that the rotation of the water exiting the vortex holes causes impurities to move towards the inner wall of the pool body 1 under the action of centrifugal force. Therefore, increasing the density of the vortex holes 222a near the inner wall of the pool body 1 can effectively remove impurities from the inner wall of the pool body 1.

[0052] Furthermore, swirl holes 222a are arranged near the inner wall of the pool body 1, with the water outlet direction facing the inner wall of the pool body 1. This can remove impurities attached to the inner wall. The effect is better when the angle between the water outlet direction and the inner wall of the pool body 1 is less than 30 degrees.

[0053] In some alternative embodiments, the filter bed 3 has a pebble pad at the bottom and a filter media layer at the top.

[0054] Wastewater enters the tank 1 through the filter inlet pipe 211 and then enters the filter bed 3 through the water distribution and air distribution system 2, where particulate matter in the wastewater is intercepted. The purified water from the filter bed 3 is collected in the water collection tank 4 and finally flows out of the tank 1 through the filter outlet pipe 411, completing the filtration process.

[0055] When the backwashing requirements are met, the filter stops filtering and completes the backwashing process in the sequence described above. The specific working process is as follows:

[0056] Step S1, Bottom Sewage Discharge: Close the filter inlet valve 212 and open the bottom sewage discharge valve 216 to discharge sewage. The sewage will be discharged from the bottom sewage discharge pipe 215. Stop the sewage discharge when the filter media is lowered to the first set height. This step is mainly to quickly remove the particles intercepted at the bottom of the filter bed 3. The first set height can be 200-600mm.

[0057] Step S2, cyclone washing: Dissolved air water is introduced into the water and air distribution system 2, and finally enters the filter media layer through the cyclone hole 222a, so that the filter media layer in the lower part of the filter bed 3 forms a local cyclone scrubbing.

[0058] This step utilizes the rapid mixing of backwash water and air in the gas-liquid mixer 221, where the air dissolves into the water and is finally released to the bottom of the filter bed 3 through the swirl holes 222a in the water and air distribution pipe 222. Since the adjacent swirl holes 222a rotate in opposite directions, the gas-water mixture in the adjacent holes moves in opposite directions under the action of centrifugal force, forming a local swirling scrubbing force in the lower filter media layer of the filter bed 3, accelerating the lateral agitation of the lower filter media layer, and quickly cleaning the pollutants adsorbed on the surface of the filter media.

[0059] Step S3, Bottom Sewage Discharge: Stop the cyclone flushing and start discharging sewage through the bottom sewage discharge pipe 215. Lower the pipe to the second set height above the filter media and stop discharging sewage. The pollutants washed down by the cyclone flushing are quickly discharged from the filter bed through the bottom sewage discharge pipe. The second set height can be 100-200mm.

[0060] Step S4, Single Air Wash: Stop bottom drainage and perform single air wash;

[0061] Step S5, Single Water Wash: Stop the single air wash and start backwashing. The backwash water further and rapidly rinses the filter media layer, and the impurities washed off are discharged from the top of the filter bed through the backwash drain pipe 413. This step is mainly to quickly discharge the pollutants washed off from the top of the filter bed 3, ensuring that the filter media is thoroughly rinsed.

[0062] If the turbidity of the effluent in step S5 is in the first range, filtration is resumed;

[0063] If the turbidity of the effluent in step S5 is in the second range, then extend the single water washing time of step S5 or use the filter inlet water for rinsing to bring the turbidity of the effluent to the first range and restore filtration.

[0064] If the turbidity of the wastewater in step S5 is in the third range, repeat steps S2 to S4 until the turbidity of the wastewater is in the first range, and then resume filtration.

[0065] The first interval is ≤5 NTU, the second interval is >5 NTU and <10 NTU, and the third interval is ≥10 NTU.

[0066] The upward flow filter in this embodiment may also be further equipped with a rinsing step, as detailed below:

[0067] Step 6, Rinsing: Begin rinsing the filter bed 3 with the incoming filtration water. The rinse water is discharged from the backwash drain pipe 413 at the top of the filter tank. Rinsing the filter bed 3 with the incoming filtration water further cleans away the fine impurities and particles remaining between the filter media, ensuring the quality of the effluent.

[0068] Furthermore, the upflow filter in this embodiment, wherein the filter media is heavy filter media, is more suitable for the aforementioned backwashing process.

[0069] Example 2:

[0070] This embodiment is based on another implementation of the upflow filter in Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment,

[0071] The water collection tank 4 is connected to the clear water channel 415 through the gate valve 416. The clear water channel 415 is connected to the filter outlet pipe 411. The filter outlet pipe 411 is equipped with a filter outlet valve 412.

[0072] A clear water channel 415 is located on the outside of the filter tank body 1. A drainage channel 417 is located on the outside of the filter tank body 1 opposite to the clear water channel 415. The drainage channel 417 is connected to the inside of the filter tank body 1 through a flap valve 418. The bottom of the flap valve 418 is 200-300mm above the filter bed 3. The drainage channel 417 is connected to the backwash drain pipe 413. The backwash drain pipe 413 is equipped with a backwash drain valve 414.

[0073] The water collection trough 4 is located on three sides of the pool body 1, but not on the inner side of the drainage ditch 417.

[0074] Wastewater enters the tank 1 through the filter inlet pipe 211 and then enters the filter bed 3 through the water distribution and air distribution system 2. Particulate matter in the wastewater is intercepted. The purified water from the filter bed 3 is collected by the water collection tank 4 and finally flows out of the tank 1 through the clear water channel 415 and the filter outlet pipe, completing the filtration process.

[0075] When the backwashing requirement is met, the filter stops filtering and the backwashing process is completed in the above sequence. The specific working process is the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Experimental data:

[0077] 1. A comparative experiment was conducted between the backwashing of the upflow filter of this invention (filter 1#) and the backwashing of a traditional upflow filter (filter 2#), with a treatment capacity of 350m³. 3 / d, treating wastewater from aquaculture, with a backwash cycle set at 24 hours for backwashing:

[0078] (1) The backwashing steps of the upflow filter of this utility model are as follows: bottom discharge → cyclone flushing → bottom discharge → single air wash → single water wash. The entire backwashing time is 15 minutes, and the backwashing water consumption is 13 m³ / min. 3 .

[0079] (2) The traditional backwashing steps for an upflow filter are: bottom discharge → single air wash → combined air-water wash → single water wash → bottom discharge → single air wash → combined air-water wash → single water wash. The entire backwashing time is 40 minutes, and the backwashing water consumption is 30 m³ / min. 3 .

[0080] A comparison of turbidity after 24 hours of backwashing filtration shows that, under the same conditions, the filtration effect of the upflow filter of this invention is comparable to that of the traditional filter, but the backwashing time is reduced by 62.5% and the backwashing water consumption is reduced by 56.7%.

[0081] 2. A comparative experiment was conducted on the backwashing implementation of the upward flow filter of this invention and the backwashing implementation of a traditional upward flow filter, with a treatment capacity of 350m³. 3 / d, treating wastewater from aquaculture, with a backwash cycle set at 72 hours for backwashing:

[0082] (1) The backwashing steps of the upflow filter of this utility model are as follows: bottom discharge → cyclone flushing → bottom discharge → single air wash → cyclone flushing → bottom discharge → single air wash → single water wash. The entire backwashing time is 25 minutes, and the backwashing water consumption is 22 m³ / min. 3 .

[0083] (2) The traditional backwashing steps for an upflow filter are: bottom discharge → single air wash → combined air-water wash → single water wash → bottom discharge → single air wash → combined air-water wash → single water wash. The entire backwashing time is 54 minutes, and the backwashing water consumption is 40 m³ / min. 3 .

[0084] A comparison of turbidity after 72 hours of backwashing filtration shows that, under the same conditions, the filtration effect of the upflow filter of this invention is comparable to that of the traditional upflow filter, but the backwashing time is reduced by 53.7% and the backwashing water consumption is reduced by 45%.

[0085] In summary, the technical solution of this application has the following advantages:

[0086] Compared to traditional forward flow filters, it is easier to wash away particulate matter intercepted by the filter media, with less backwashing time and less backwash water volume, saving more than 45% of backwash water volume and more than 50% of backwashing time.

[0087] The turbidity value of the effluent from the single water washing step S5 is compared with the range of values. Steps S2 to S4 are repeated in a timely manner according to the set program to clean the filter media and perform backwashing more accurately.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An upward flow filter, characterized in that: include: The pool body, from bottom to top, is provided with a water distribution and air distribution system, a filter bed, and a water collection tank; The filter inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system. The backwash air inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system. The bottom drain pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system. The backwash inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution system. The filtered water outlet pipe is connected to the water collection tank; A backwash drain pipe is connected to the tank body; The water and air distribution system is connected to the filter bed through water and air distribution pipes; The backwash water inlet pipe includes a first backwash water inlet pipe and a second backwash water inlet pipe. The first backwash water inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution pipe through a gas-liquid mixer, and the second backwash water inlet pipe is connected to the water and air distribution pipe. The water and air distribution pipe is provided with multiple swirling holes, and the inner wall of the swirling holes has a spiral waterway.

2. The upflow filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter inlet pipe is equipped with a filter inlet valve, the backwash air inlet pipe is equipped with a backwash air inlet valve, the bottom drain pipe is equipped with a bottom drain valve, and the backwash inlet pipe is equipped with a backwash inlet valve.

3. The upflow filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter bed has a pebble pad at the bottom and a filter media layer at the top; the filter outlet pipe is equipped with a filter outlet valve, and the backwash drain pipe is equipped with a backwash drain valve.

4. The upflow filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral channels of two adjacent swirling holes rotate in opposite directions.

5. The upflow filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent swirling holes near the inner wall of the pool is smaller than the spacing between adjacent swirling holes near the center of the pool; the water outlet direction of the swirling holes arranged near the inner wall of the pool is towards the inner wall of the pool.

6. The upflow filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection tank is connected to the clear water channel via a gate valve. The clear water channel is located outside the pool body and is connected to the filtered water outlet pipe.

7. The upflow filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drainage channel is also provided on the outside of the pool body. The drainage channel is connected to the inside of the pool body through a flap valve and is connected to the backwash drain pipe. The bottom of the flap valve is 200-300mm above the filter bed.

8. The upflow filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the water collection tank is provided with flow holes at even intervals, and the flow holes are in communication with the water in the pool.

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