Biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffling sedimentation tank structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti -coking baffling sedimentation tank structure, including heat -tracing flue gas import, access hole and pyrolysis gas import, heat -tracing flue gas import one introduction carbonization machine hearth high temperature flue gas, and flow out through heat -tracing flue gas export, pyrolysis gas import connects the pyrolysis gas export of carbonization reaction kettle, and pyrolysis gas is disturbed and collides through pyrolysis gas baffle, and the bottom of baffling sedimentation tank is provided with ash removal access hole, baffling sedimentation tank sets up double -deck structure, and is provided with inner and outer layer support between the inner and outer layer, and the outer layer is provided with heat -tracing flue gas import, heat -tracing flue gas export and heat -tracing flue gas spoiler, and is provided with access hole on the lateral wall of baffling sedimentation tank, the utility model discloses through high temperature collection mode guarantees the efficient recovery of biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas, effectively solves the problem that pyrolysis gas condenses after coking and blocks pyrolysis gas collection device, and makes full use of carbonization furnace flue gas waste heat to heat pyrolysis gas collection sedimentation device, can give high temperature furnace flue gas cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization equipment, specifically to a structure for a biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffle settling box. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass carbonization is a process that converts biomass materials (such as wood, crop residues, and livestock manure) into biochar through pyrolysis under high temperature and anaerobic conditions. This process generates various byproducts, including gases, liquids (tar-wood vinegar), and solids (biochar). Tar treatment is a critical issue in biomass carbonization because tar is a complex oily mixture produced during biomass pyrolysis. Its main components include: aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; phenols such as phenol and cresol; heterocyclic compounds such as pyridine and furan; and aliphatic compounds such as alkanes and alkenes. Furthermore, tar components are prone to condensation, resulting in high viscosity after condensation. This condensation easily adsorbs and binds ash particles in the gas stream, causing agglomeration and ultimately clogging of equipment and pipelines, severely impacting the continuous operation time of the equipment.

[0003] Several existing tar cleaning technologies for biomass carbonization processes and their characteristics are as follows:

[0004] 1. Thermal pyrolysis method: This method reduces the amount of tar by breaking down tar molecules into smaller gaseous compounds under high temperature conditions. This method is highly efficient and can significantly reduce the amount of tar, but the overall energy consumption is relatively high, the investment cost is also relatively large, and it is often limited by the selection of carbonization temperature, resulting in a situation where the carbonization temperature and the suitable temperature for tar thermal pyrolysis cannot be well matched.

[0005] 2. Catalytic cracking method, which uses a catalyst to promote the cracking of tar at a lower temperature. This technology has lower energy consumption and lower temperature requirements compared to thermal cracking. However, the catalyst used in the process is prone to deactivation, especially in carbonization equipment with large processing capacity. The catalyst replacement cycle is even shorter, requiring the selection of a suitable catalyst. Moreover, high-performance catalysts are more expensive, and the process is complex.

[0006] 3. Water washing method: This method removes water-soluble components from tar by washing with water. This technology is simple, easy to operate, and has low investment costs. However, it can only remove most of the water-soluble components; the remaining tar mostly requires organic solvents to dissolve, and these non-water-soluble components are often highly viscous, easily affecting the continuous operation of the equipment. Furthermore, the wastewater generated by this technology requires specialized treatment; otherwise, it may cause groundwater pollution. The treatment efficiency is also relatively low, making it unsuitable for the continuous operation of large-scale pyrolysis carbonization units.

[0007] 4. Mechanical separation method refers to separating tar using equipment such as cyclone separators, filters, or electrostatic precipitators. It is simple to operate and easy to maintain, but its separation efficiency is limited and it cannot completely remove tar. It is more suitable for gases with low tar content and has limited processing capacity.

[0008] 5. Adsorption method: This method uses adsorbent materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves to adsorb harmful components in tar. It offers good adsorption performance, can remove various harmful components, and is simple and easy to control. However, the fixation and separation of the adsorbent materials are challenging, and molecular sieves and other adsorbent materials are relatively expensive.

[0009] 6. Biological treatment method, which utilizes microorganisms to degrade organic matter in tar. The biological method is environmentally friendly and does not produce secondary pollution, but the treatment time is long, the efficiency is low, the operational stability is poor, and it requires control of suitable biological reaction conditions, making the process complex.

[0010] 7. Plasma treatment method: This method uses high-energy plasma to break down tar molecules into simpler, smaller molecules. This technology is highly efficient, can rapidly decompose tar, and can handle high concentrations of tar. Its underlying logic is similar to high-temperature pyrolysis for tar removal, but it consumes more energy, has more expensive equipment, more complex equipment, and requires a higher level of specialized technical support. Utility Model Content

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffle settling box structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inevitable generation of tar in the biomass pyrolysis process, the presence of various harmful components that are strictly prohibited from being emitted, the easy condensation of tar components, high viscosity after condensation, easy adsorption and adhesion of ash particles in the gas flow, and the eventual blockage of equipment and pipelines, which will seriously affect the continuous operation time of the equipment.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffle settling box structure, including a heated flue gas inlet, an inspection hole, and a pyrolysis gas inlet. The heated flue gas inlet introduces high-temperature flue gas from the carbonization machine furnace and exits through the heated flue gas outlet.

[0013] The pyrolysis gas inlet is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the carbonization reactor. The pyrolysis gas is turbulent and collided by the pyrolysis gas baffle. The bottom of the baffle settling box is provided with a cleaning and maintenance square opening. The baffle settling box is provided with a double-layer structure. The inner and outer layers are provided with inner and outer layer support rods. The outer layer is provided with a heated flue gas inlet, a heated flue gas outlet and a heated flue gas baffle. The side wall of the baffle settling box is provided with a maintenance hole.

[0014] Preferably, the cleaning and maintenance access panel consists of cleaning and maintenance access panel one, cleaning and maintenance access panel two, cleaning and maintenance access panel three, and cleaning and maintenance access panel four.

[0015] Preferably, the heat-tracing flue gas baffle is configured as a semi-enclosed structure, with the heat-tracing flue gas baffle suspended and fixed on the outer wall of the settling box, leaving a gap between it and the inner wall.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. In the process of collecting biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas, this utility model integrates the gas-solid separation of pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature flue gas heating and anti-coking collection into a double-layer anti-coking baffle settling box design. The high-temperature collection method ensures the efficient recovery of biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas and effectively solves the problem of coking and clogging of the pyrolysis gas collection device after condensation of pyrolysis gas.

[0018] 2. Within the high-temperature flue gas flow range of the pyrolysis gas settling box, a suspended semi-enclosed baffle plate design is used to simultaneously achieve full heat exchange of flue gas, limit flue gas flow pressure loss, and prevent fly ash deposition. This design fully utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas in the carbonization furnace to heat the pyrolysis gas collection and settling device, thereby cooling the high-temperature furnace flue gas and avoiding the problem of tar condensation during cooling of the pyrolysis gas collection device.

[0019] 3. The pyrolysis gas baffle designed in this utility model can effectively separate pyrolysis gas from dust and carbon powder. The suspended semi-enclosed flue gas flow baffle guides the flow while avoiding complete isolation of flue gas flow, reducing the accumulation of dust in the dead corner of the flue gas baffle. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall oblique view of the carbonization and pyrolysis gas baffle settling box;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the inner layer structure of the carbonization and pyrolysis gas baffle settling box;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flue gas inlet and outlet direction of the carbonization pyrolysis gas baffle settling box.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Heated flue gas inlet; 2. Inspection hole; 3. Ash cleaning and inspection square opening one; 4. Ash cleaning and inspection square opening two; 5. Pyrolysis gas inlet; 6. Ash cleaning and inspection square opening three; 7. Ash cleaning and inspection square opening four; 8. Pyrolysis gas baffle; 9. Heated flue gas outlet; 10. Heated flue gas turbulence plate; 11. Pyrolysis gas outlet; 12. Inner and outer layer support rods. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides an embodiment of a biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffle settling tank structure, which, combined with the overall concept of "equipment simplification and waste heat utilization," is designed as follows: Figure 1 The flue gas heat pyrolysis gas collection and dust removal device shown is a double-layer design.

[0026] The lower inner layer pyrolysis gas inlet 5 is directly connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet 11 of the carbonization reactor. After entering, the pyrolysis gas is turbulent and collided by the baffle plate, so as to collect the pyrolysis gas and separate the pyrolysis gas from dust and carbon powder at the same time.

[0027] The outer layer of high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the furnace of the carbonization machine through the heated flue gas inlet 1, ensuring the overall temperature of the pyrolysis gas settling box and achieving high-temperature outflow of the pyrolysis gas. This effectively maintains the temperature of the pyrolysis gas, prevents tar precipitation, and flows out through the heated flue gas outlet 9 after circulating around the overall flue structure. Considering that the flue gas contains a small amount of dust, multiple cleaning and maintenance ports are provided. These ports consist of Cleaning and Maintenance Port 1 (3), Cleaning and Maintenance Port 2 (4), Cleaning and Maintenance Port 3 (6), and Cleaning and Maintenance Port 4 (7). In addition, maintenance ports are designed to connect to the internal pyrolysis gas flow area for easy maintenance.

[0028] Structure as Figure 2 As shown, the lower square inlet of the pyrolysis gas connects to the pyrolysis gas outlet end cap of the carbonization machine. The pyrolysis gas, drawn in by the rear-end pyrolysis gas induced draft fan, enters the settling tank through the end cap. A baffle plate is installed in the upper inner layer; the collision between the pyrolysis gas and the baffle plate achieves separation of the pyrolysis gas from dust and carbon powder. The separated dust and carbon powder fall back into the end cap and are discharged from the reactor through the biochar slag outlet at the bottom of the end cap. The pyrolysis gas is discharged through pyrolysis gas outlet 11. This design effectively separates the pyrolysis gas from dust and carbon powder, improving the problem of dust and carbon powder accumulation and blockage at subsequent pipelines, valves, and bends. It also effectively reduces the processing load of the subsequent flue gas treatment device after pyrolysis gas recovery and combustion. Considering that the flue gas contains a small amount of dust, multiple cleaning and maintenance square ports are provided.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, a double-layer structure is designed, with multiple inner and outer layer support rods 12 between the inner and outer layers. The outer layer is equipped with a flue gas inlet and outlet for the carbonization furnace and a flue gas baffle 10 for heating, ensuring sufficient heat preservation of the inner pyrolysis gas settling box by the flue gas in the furnace. The collected pyrolysis gas is burned in the carbonization furnace, and after combustion, high-temperature flue gas of 500-600°C is discharged from the carbonization furnace. Under the suction of the flue gas induced draft fan at the rear end, it enters and exits from one side of the settling box. After entering, the high-temperature flue gas flows and exchanges heat around the outer wall of the inner layer of the settling box, achieving the heat preservation effect inside the pyrolysis gas settling box.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a semi-enclosed flue gas baffle is installed in the high-temperature flue gas flow area. The flue gas baffle is suspended and fixed on the outer wall of the settling box, with a gap between it and the inner wall. This allows most of the high-temperature flue gas to flow around the inner wall, while a small amount of high-temperature flue gas passes quickly through the gap of the baffle, reducing the flow resistance of the high-temperature flue gas on the outer layer of the settling box and reducing the power consumption of the furnace flue gas induced draft fan at the rear.

[0031] like Figure 3 The diagram shows a frontal view of the inner layer of the carbonization pyrolysis gas baffle settling box from the flue gas inlet / outlet direction for easier understanding. After entering the settling box through the lower inlet, the pyrolysis gas is separated from dust and carbon powder by the turbulence and collision of the pyrolysis gas baffles, and then discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet 11. The heated flue gas flows around the settling box under the division of the flue gas baffles, achieving a heat preservation effect. Multiple cleaning and maintenance access ports are provided.

[0032] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas anti-coking baffle settling box structure, comprising a heated flue gas inlet (1), an inspection hole (2), and a pyrolysis gas inlet (5), characterized in that: The heated flue gas inlet (1) introduces high-temperature flue gas into the furnace of the carbonization machine and flows out through the heated flue gas outlet (9). The pyrolysis gas inlet (5) is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet (11) of the carbonization reactor. The pyrolysis gas is turbulent and collided by the pyrolysis gas baffle (8). The bottom of the baffle settling box is provided with a cleaning and maintenance square opening. The baffle settling box is provided with a double-layer structure. The inner and outer layers are provided with inner and outer layer support rods (12). The outer layer is provided with a heated flue gas inlet (1), a heated flue gas outlet (9) and a heated flue gas baffle (10). The side wall of the baffle settling box is provided with a maintenance hole (2).

2. The structure of the anti-coking baffle settling tank for biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning and maintenance square opening consists of cleaning and maintenance square opening one (3), cleaning and maintenance square opening two (4), cleaning and maintenance square opening three (6) and cleaning and maintenance square opening four (7).

3. The structure of the anti-coking baffle settling tank for biomass carbonization pyrolysis gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-tracing flue gas baffle (10) is set as a semi-enclosed structure. The heat-tracing flue gas baffle (10) is suspended and fixed on the outer wall of the settling box, with a gap between it and the inner wall.

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