Hard rail machine tool bottom plate locking structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of locking structure discloses a hard rail machine tool bottom plate locking structure, including bottom plate, mandrel, cylinder body, piston and disc spring, the piston sets up in the cylinder body and is driven by hydraulic oil, one end of disc spring is connected with cylinder body, the other end is connected with the piston, still includes fixed establishment, fixed establishment is used for releasably connecting piston and mandrel to the linear motion of piston is passed to mandrel and bottom plate, fixed establishment includes the locking adjusting assembly of change piston and mandrel length direction relative position. The utility model provides a kind of hard rail machine tool bottom plate locking structure, piston and mandrel are releasably connected by fixed establishment, and the assembly of neutral requirement is reduced;It is fixed in radial direction, axial double to increase rigidity and resist cutting impact and keep accuracy;Disc spring does not need to dismantle core component, and precision is kept by screw fine adjustment and adaptation requirement. Through the above technical scheme, the technical problems of assembly difficulty and deformation after long time use in related technology / prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of locking structure technology, and more specifically, it relates to a locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Hardened guideways have high rigidity and high load-bearing capacity, but their worktables or base plates must be firmly locked after being moved into place to resist heavy cutting forces and ensure machining accuracy.

[0003] Existing hydraulic locking mechanisms often use threaded or rigid connections between the drive component (piston) and the actuator (spindle), making alignment during assembly difficult and the process complex. Furthermore, after prolonged use, seals and critical elastic elements (such as disc springs) in the hydraulic system may experience fatigue, creep, or loosening, hindering the recovery of the base plate. Existing structures lack simple and effective compensation mechanisms, affecting locking reliability and machine tool accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool, which solves the technical problems of difficult assembly and deformation after long-term use in related technologies.

[0005] This utility model provides a locking structure for the base plate of a hard rail machine tool, including a base plate, a spindle, a cylinder, a piston, and a disc spring. The piston is disposed in the cylinder and driven by hydraulic oil. One end of the disc spring is connected to the cylinder and the other end is connected to the piston. It also includes a fixing mechanism, which is used to releasably connect the piston and the spindle and transmit the linear motion of the piston to the spindle and the base plate. The fixing mechanism includes a locking adjustment component that changes the relative position of the piston and the spindle in the length direction, and the adjustment of the locking adjustment component changes the compression of the disc spring to compensate for the tensile deformation of the disc spring. The fixing mechanism also includes a radial clamping assembly that connects the mandrel and the piston.

[0006] As a further optimization of this utility model, the locking adjustment assembly includes a locking screw and a locking nut. The locking screw is threaded inside the spindle, and the locking nut is threadedly connected to the spindle and pressed against the top of the piston. An end cap is installed on the cylinder body.

[0007] As a further optimization of this utility model, the radial clamping assembly includes a steel ball and a plunger. The steel ball and the plunger are housed in an axial cavity inside the mandrel. The locking screw extends into the mandrel to push the steel ball and drive the plunger to move radially outward, so that it partially extends out of the outer wall of the mandrel and presses against the inner wall of the piston.

[0008] As a further optimization of this utility model, the spindle slides through the disc spring.

[0009] As a further optimization of this utility model, the end of the mandrel away from the piston forms a protrusion, and the protrusion is in contact with the base plate.

[0010] As a further optimization of this utility model, the cylinder body is provided with a liquid supply channel for supplying oil.

[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, a base is installed on the cylinder body.

[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, the base is slidably mounted on the guide rail.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The locking structure of the base plate of the hard rail machine tool described in this utility model realizes the releasable connection between the piston and the spindle through the fixing mechanism. The radial clamping component can be flexibly clamped from the radial direction. With the help of the locking adjustment component, the length direction can be finely adjusted. The connection can be completed without strict alignment, which greatly reduces the centering requirements, simplifies the assembly process, reduces assembly time and operation difficulty, and improves production efficiency.

[0014] 2. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool described in this utility model uses a radial clamping assembly. The locking screw pushes the steel ball to drive the plunger to extend out of the mandrel and press tightly against the inner wall of the piston, preventing radial displacement between the piston and the mandrel. The axial position is locked by the locking nut, ensuring that the linear motion of the piston is accurately transmitted to the mandrel. Then, the locking force is stably transmitted to the base plate through the connection between the protruding part of the mandrel and the base plate. The double fixing significantly improves the overall rigidity of the structure, effectively resisting the impact and vibration caused by heavy cutting forces, avoiding displacement of the base plate, and ensuring machining accuracy.

[0015] 3. The locking structure of the base plate of the hard rail machine tool described in this utility model allows for fine adjustment of the disc spring through threaded engagement after long-term use, without the need to disassemble core components such as the cylinder and piston. This greatly simplifies the operation and ensures the adjustment accuracy, ensuring that the compression of the disc spring meets the requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a locking structure for a hard rail machine tool base plate proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a locking structure for a hard rail machine tool base plate proposed in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of a locking structure for a hard rail machine tool base plate proposed in this utility model.

[0019] In the picture: 1. Base plate; 2. Mandrel; 3. Cylinder body; 301. Liquid supply channel; 4. Disc spring; 5. Piston; 6. Base; 7. End caps; 8. Locking screws; 9. Tighten the nut; 10. Steel balls; 11. Plunger. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, a locking structure for a hard rail machine tool base plate includes a base plate 1, a spindle 2, a cylinder 3, a piston 5, and a disc spring 4. The spindle 2 slides through the disc spring 4. The piston 5 is disposed in the cylinder 3 and driven by hydraulic oil. One end of the disc spring 4 is connected to the cylinder 3, and the other end is connected to the piston 5. The system also includes a fixing mechanism for releasably connecting the piston 5 and the spindle 2 and transmitting the linear motion of the piston 5 to the spindle 2 and the base plate 1. A base 6 is mounted on the cylinder block 3; The base 6 slides onto the guide rail.

[0022] The fixing mechanism includes a locking adjustment component that changes the relative position of the piston 5 and the spindle 2 in the length direction, and the adjustment of the locking adjustment component changes the compression of the disc spring 4 to compensate for the tensile deformation of the disc spring 4. The fixing mechanism also includes a radial clamping assembly that connects the spindle 2 and the piston 5.

[0023] When the machine tool needs to adjust the position of the base plate 1, it is in the unlocked state. External power (such as the machine tool feed system) drives the base 6 to slide along the guide rail. The base 6 drives the base plate 1 to move synchronously to the target position through the cylinder 3 and the spindle 2. After reaching the target position, the locking action is initiated. Hydraulic oil drives the piston 5 to move upward through the fluid supply channel 301. The spindle 2 drives the base plate 1 to press. At the same time, the friction between the base 6 and the guide rail stabilizes the position of the base 6, thereby achieving the final locking of the base plate 1.

[0024] Specifically, the locking adjustment assembly includes a locking screw 8 and a locking nut 9. The locking screw 8 is threaded inside the spindle 2, and the locking nut 9 is threadedly connected to the spindle 2 and pressed against the top of the piston 5. An end cap 7 is installed on the cylinder body 3.

[0025] When it is necessary to adjust the compression of disc spring 4 (after long-term use, disc spring 4 deforms and becomes longer, reducing its restoring force), if it is necessary to increase the compression of disc spring 4, tighten the locking nut 9 downwards to push the piston 5 to move towards the bottom of the cylinder 3, compressing disc spring 4. After adjustment, the self-locking characteristics of the threads of locking screw 8 and spindle 2, and the self-locking characteristics of the threads of locking nut 9 and spindle 2 work together to fix the adjusted position, ensuring that the compression of disc spring 4 is stable.

[0026] The radial clamping assembly includes a steel ball 10 and a plunger 11. The steel ball 10 and the plunger 11 are housed in an axial cavity inside the spindle 2. The locking screw 8 extends into the spindle 2 to push the steel ball 10 and drive the plunger 11 to move radially outward, so that it partially extends out of the outer wall of the spindle 2 and presses against the inner wall of the piston 5.

[0027] Rotate the locking screw 8 so that it extends into the inner cavity of the spindle 2. The end of the locking screw 8 pushes the steel ball 10 to move. During the rolling process, the steel ball 10 generates a radial outward thrust on the plunger 11. Under the action of the thrust, the plunger 11 moves radially and partially extends out of the spindle 2, pressing tightly against the inner wall of the piston 5. This locks the spindle 2 and the piston 5 in the radial direction, preventing them from rotating relative to each other or shifting radially.

[0028] Rotate the locking screw 8 in the opposite direction to remove it from the cavity of the spindle 2. The steel ball 10 loses the thrust of the locking screw 8 and releases the pressure on the inner wall of the piston 5, thus achieving radial unlocking of the spindle 2 and the piston 5. This is beneficial for adjusting the pressure of the disc spring 4.

[0029] The end of the spindle 2 away from the piston 5 forms a protrusion, and the protrusion is in contact with the base plate 1.

[0030] The simple meshing structure facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the spindle 2 and the base plate 1; the limiting function of the protrusion prevents the spindle 2 from overtravel and improves structural safety; power is transmitted through surface contact, reducing local stress concentration and extending the service life of the spindle 2 and the base plate 1.

[0031] The cylinder body 3 is provided with a fluid supply channel 301 for supplying oil.

[0032] When locking is required, the external hydraulic system injects hydraulic oil into the cylinder 3 through the supply channel 301. The hydraulic oil creates pressure in the cylinder 3, pushing the piston 5 upward along the cylinder 3. The movement of the piston 5 drives the spindle 2, which in turn drives the base plate 1 upward to press against the guide rail. When unlocking is required, the external hydraulic system recovers the hydraulic oil in the cylinder 3 through the supply channel 301. The pressure in the cylinder 3 decreases, the disc spring 4 releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the piston 5 to reset, preparing for the next locking.

[0033] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above, but the present embodiments are not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. The specific implementation methods described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present embodiments, all of which are within the protection scope of the present embodiments.

Claims

1. A locking structure for a base plate of a hardened rail machine tool, comprising a base plate (1), a spindle (2), a cylinder (3), a piston (5), and a disc spring (4), wherein the piston (5) is disposed within the cylinder (3) and driven by hydraulic oil, and one end of the disc spring (4) is connected to the cylinder (3) and the other end is connected to the piston (5), characterized in that: It also includes a fixing mechanism for releasably connecting the piston (5) to the spindle (2) and transmitting the linear motion of the piston (5) to the spindle (2) and the base plate (1). The fixing mechanism includes a locking adjustment component that changes the relative position of the piston (5) and the spindle (2) in the length direction, and the adjustment of the locking adjustment component changes the compression of the disc spring (4) to compensate for the stretching deformation of the disc spring (4). The fixing mechanism also includes a radial clamping assembly that connects the spindle (2) and the piston (5).

2. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking adjustment assembly includes a locking screw (8) and a locking nut (9). The locking screw (8) is threaded inside the spindle (2), and the locking nut (9) is threaded with the spindle (2) and pressed against the top of the piston (5).

3. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial clamping assembly includes a steel ball (10) and a plunger (11). The steel ball (10) and the plunger (11) are housed in an axial cavity inside the mandrel (2). The locking screw (8) extends into the mandrel (2) to push the steel ball (10) and drive the plunger (11) to move radially outward, so that it partially extends out of the outer wall of the mandrel (2) and presses against the inner wall of the piston (5).

4. A locking structure for a hardened rail machine tool base plate according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The spindle (2) slides through the disc spring (4).

5. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the spindle (2) away from the piston (5) forms a protrusion, and the protrusion is in contact with the base plate (1).

6. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body (3) is provided with a liquid supply channel (301) for supplying oil.

7. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: A base (6) is mounted on the cylinder (3).

8. The locking structure for the base plate of a hardened rail machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (6) slides on the guide rail.

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