A collet fixture and a flat lapping machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical processing equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of collar piece fixing device and plane grinding machine, collar piece fixing device, including protective cylinder, top cover, compression assembly and fixed component, when being ground and polished to collar piece, first hollow protective cylinder is placed on the mesa of grinding machine, then it is driven to slide outwards by second driving element, to be abutted with collar piece inner wall, collar piece is fixed on fixed component, first driving element is driven to slide downwards, to drive fixed component to drive collar piece and the mesa of grinding machine contact, by the radial expansion of multiple sets of fixed rod that evenly distribute periphery from collar piece inside, while using limit piece to press down workpiece top wall, realize the bidirectional location of inner hole and end surface, effectively prevent the movement or warping of workpiece in the process of grinding, ensure the stability of grinding process, to a certain extent, solve the problem such as not firm, low efficiency and uneven pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical processing equipment technology, specifically to a collar fixing device and a surface grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] A surface grinding machine is a machine tool that uses abrasive particles coated or embedded on a grinding disc to perform precision machining on the surface of a workpiece through the relative movement of the grinding disc and the workpiece. It is widely used for ultra-precision machining of flatness, parallelism, and surface roughness of various metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0003] Collar components are typically hollow ring structures. In existing technologies, when grinding and polishing collar components, a hollow protective cylinder is often placed on a grinding table, and then the collar component is placed directly on the grinding table surface inside the protective cylinder. When the grinding table rotates, the movement of the protective cylinder is restricted, thereby causing relative movement between the grinding table surface and the collar component, thus achieving grinding. However, during the grinding process, the collar component relies on its own weight or magnetic adsorption to contact the grinding table. If the clamping is not secure and the pressure is uneven, it is easy for it to lift up, resulting in a reduction in processing accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a collar fixing device and a surface grinding machine, which can solve the problems of loose clamping, low efficiency and uneven pressure in the existing collar parts during surface grinding process.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a collar fixing device, including a protective cylinder and a top cover, and further comprising:

[0006] A clamping assembly includes a connecting rod, a mounting rod, and a first driving member. The connecting rod is connected to the top cover in a vertical direction. The mounting rod is disposed at the end of the connecting rod away from the top cover and is slidably connected to the connecting rod. The first driving member is disposed between the connecting rod and the mounting rod and is used to drive the mounting rod to slide away from the top cover.

[0007] The fixing component includes a fixing rod, a guide rod, and a second driving member. The guide rod is arranged horizontally at one end of the mounting rod away from the top cover. The fixing rod is slidably connected to the guide rod. The second driving member is arranged between the fixing rod and the guide rod and is used to drive the fixing rod to slide away from the guide rod. The end of the fixing rod is provided with a limiting member for abutting against the top wall of the collar to be fixed.

[0008] The fixing rod is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of fixing rods are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting rod.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mounting rod is provided with a rotating ring on the same axis as the end away from the top cover, and the fixing component is disposed on the rotating ring.

[0010] In some embodiments, the connecting rod has a first sliding cavity facing the end, the mounting rod slides through the first sliding cavity, the extended end of the mounting rod is provided with a first limiting block, and the first driving member is disposed between the bottom wall of the first sliding cavity and the first limiting block, for driving the mounting rod to slide away from the top cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fixed rod has a second sliding cavity facing the end, the guide rod slides through the second sliding cavity, the extended end of the guide rod is provided with a second limiting block, and the second driving member is disposed between the bottom wall of the second sliding cavity and the second limiting block, for driving the fixed rod to slide away from the mounting rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second limiting block has a threaded hole, the guide rod has a thread, and the guide rod is threadedly connected to the second limiting block; the limiting member is rotatably mounted on the guide rod along the same axis.

[0013] In some embodiments, the end of the fixing rod is provided with a guide slope.

[0014] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of connecting rods are evenly spaced on the top cover.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connecting rod is detachably mounted on the top cover.

[0016] Secondly, this application provides a surface grinding machine, including a grinding machine body, a grinding table provided on the grinding machine body, a plurality of installation stations provided on the grinding table, and the aforementioned collar fixing device, which is disposed at the installation station.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When grinding and polishing the collar, the hollow protective cylinder is first placed on the table of the grinding machine, and then driven outward by the second driving component to abut against the inner wall of the collar, fixing the collar to the fixing component. Then, the cover plate is fastened to the protective cylinder, and the first driving component is driven downward to slide, thereby driving the fixing component to bring the collar into contact with the table of the grinding machine. Polishing agent is added into the protective cylinder, and the grinding table is started to achieve the grinding and polishing effect. Multiple sets of fixing rods evenly distributed around the circumference are radially tightened from the inside of the collar, and the limiting component is used to press the top wall of the workpiece downward, realizing bidirectional limiting of the inner hole and end face, effectively preventing the workpiece from moving or tilting during the grinding process, and ensuring the stability of the grinding process. The first driving component provides downward pressure to the pressing component, which acts on the collar through the mounting rod and the fixing component, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the contact pressure between the workpiece and the grinding table, and to a certain extent solving the problems of insecure clamping, low efficiency and uneven pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collar fixing device in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component and the fixing component in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping component and the fixing component in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the fixing component in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the surface grinding machine in this utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Protective cylinder body; 2. Top cover; 3. Clamping assembly; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Mounting rod; 33. First driving component; 34. Rotating ring; 35. First sliding cavity; 36. First limiting block; 4. Fixing assembly; 41. Fixing rod; 42. Guide rod; 43. Second driving component; 44. Second sliding cavity; 45. Second limiting block; 451. Threaded hole; 46. Guide rail; 47. Guide groove; 5. Limiting component; 6. Grinding machine body; 61. Installation station. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," or "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] A surface grinding machine is a machine tool that uses abrasive particles coated or embedded on a grinding disc to perform precision machining on the surface of a workpiece through the relative movement of the grinding disc and the workpiece. It is widely used for ultra-precision machining of flatness, parallelism, and surface roughness of various metallic and non-metallic materials.

[0032] Collar components are typically hollow ring structures. In the prior art, when grinding and polishing collar components, a hollow protective cylinder is often placed on a grinding table, and then the collar component is placed directly on the grinding table surface inside the protective cylinder. When the grinding table rotates, the movement of the protective cylinder is restricted, thereby causing relative movement between the grinding table surface and the collar component, thus achieving grinding. However, during the grinding process, the collar component relies on its own weight or magnetic adsorption to contact the grinding table. The clamping is not secure and the pressure is uneven, which can easily cause it to lift up, resulting in a decrease in processing accuracy. In view of this, this application provides a collar component fixing device and a surface grinding machine.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The first aspect of this application provides a collar fixing device, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a protective cylinder 1, a top cover 2, a clamping assembly 3, and a fixing assembly 4. The protective cylinder 1 is a cylindrical body with an open bottom, made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength, and wear-resistant materials such as stainless steel or engineering plastics. Its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the collar to be ground. The bottom end face of the protective cylinder 1 requires a high degree of flatness to ensure good fit with the grinding table. The top cover 2 is a circular plate with a diameter similar to the outer diameter of the protective cylinder 1. The top cover 2 covers the protective cylinder 1 by its own weight. A sealing ring (not shown in the figure) can also be provided on the contact surface between the two to enhance the sealing performance.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The clamping assembly 3 includes a connecting rod 31, a mounting rod 32, and a first driving member 33. The connecting rod 31 is connected to the top cover 2 in a vertical direction. The mounting rod 32 is located at the end of the connecting rod 31 away from the top cover 2 and is slidably connected to the connecting rod 31. The first driving member 33 is located between the connecting rod 31 and the mounting rod 32 and is used to drive the mounting rod 32 to slide away from the top cover 2.

[0036] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 31 has a first sliding cavity 35 facing the end, the mounting rod 32 slides through the first sliding cavity 35, the extended end of the mounting rod 32 is provided with a first limiting block 36, and the first driving member 33 is provided between the bottom wall of the first sliding cavity 35 and the first limiting block 36, for driving the mounting rod 32 to slide away from the top cover 2.

[0037] The clamping assembly 3 includes a vertical connecting rod 31, a vertical mounting rod 32, and a first driving member 33. The connecting rod 31 is vertically connected to the center of the top cover 2, and a first sliding cavity 35 is machined inside the connecting rod 31. The upper end of the mounting rod 32 is inserted into the first sliding cavity 35 and can slide vertically. A first limiting block 36 is fixed to the upper end of the mounting rod 32, and a retaining edge is provided around the edge of the first sliding cavity 35 to prevent the mounting rod 32 from completely detaching from the connecting rod 31. In this embodiment, the first driving member 33 can be a first compression spring, which is sleeved on the mounting rod 32, with its two ends abutting against the inner bottom wall of the first sliding cavity 35 and the first limiting block 36, respectively. Under the preload of the first compression spring, the mounting rod 32 is pushed downwards at a constant rate.

[0038] Reference Figures 4 to 6 The fixing component 4 includes a fixing rod 41, a guide rod 42, and a second driving member 43. The guide rod 42 is arranged horizontally at the end of the mounting rod 32 away from the top cover 2. The fixing rod 41 is slidably connected to the guide rod 42. The second driving member 43 is arranged between the fixing rod 41 and the guide rod 42 and is used to drive the fixing rod 41 to slide away from the guide rod 42. The end of the fixing rod 41 is provided with a limiting member 5 for abutting against the top wall of the collar to be fixed. There are multiple sets of fixing rods 41, and the multiple sets of fixing rods 41 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting rod 32.

[0039] In some embodiments, a second sliding cavity 44 is provided in the fixed rod 41 facing the end, the guide rod 42 slides through the second sliding cavity 44, a second limiting block 45 is provided at the extension end of the guide rod 42, and a second driving member 43 is provided between the bottom wall of the second sliding cavity 44 and the second limiting block 45, for driving the fixed rod 41 to slide away from the mounting rod 32.

[0040] The fixing assembly 4 includes four sets (the number can be increased or decreased as needed) of fixing units evenly distributed circumferentially. Each fixing unit includes a fixing rod 41, a guide rod 42, a second driving member 43, and a limiting member 5. The guide rod 42 is a circular tube closed at one end, which is horizontally fixed to the lower end of the mounting rod 32 by thread or welding. A second sliding cavity 44 is machined inside the guide rod 42. The inner end of the fixing rod 41 is inserted into the second sliding cavity 44 and can slide in the horizontal radial direction. A second limiting block 45 is fixed to the inner end of the fixing rod 41, and a retaining edge is provided at the end of the second sliding cavity 44. In this embodiment, the second driving member 43 can be a second compression spring, which is disposed in the second sliding cavity 44, with its two ends abutting against the inner bottom wall of the second sliding cavity 44 and the second limiting block 45, respectively. Under the preload of the second compression spring, the fixing rod 41 is constantly pushed radially outward.

[0041] At the end of the outer end of the fixing rod 41, a limiting member 5 is installed to abut against the top wall of the collar, so that when the mounting rod 32 slides down, the abutting force is transmitted downward to the collar, thereby achieving the effect of downward pressing.

[0042] When grinding and polishing the collar, the hollow protective cylinder 1 is first placed on the table of the grinding machine. Then, the second driving component 43 drives it to slide outward, thereby abutting against the inner wall of the collar and fixing the collar to the fixing component 4. Then, the cover plate is fastened to the protective cylinder 1, and the first driving component 33 drives it to slide downward, thereby driving the fixing component 4 to bring the collar into contact with the table of the grinding machine. Polishing agent is added into the protective cylinder 1, and the grinding table is started to achieve the grinding and polishing effect. Multiple sets of fixing rods 41 are evenly distributed circumferentially to radially tighten from the inside of the collar. At the same time, the limiting component 5 presses down on the top wall of the workpiece, realizing bidirectional limiting of the inner hole and end face, effectively preventing the workpiece from moving or tilting during the grinding process, and ensuring the stability of the grinding process. The first driving component 33 provides downward pressure to the pressing component 3, which acts on the collar through the mounting rod 32 and the fixing component 4, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the contact pressure between the workpiece and the grinding table, and to a certain extent solving the problems of insecure clamping, low efficiency and uneven pressure.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the clamping assembly 3 is provided in multiple sets, with multiple sets of connecting rods 31 evenly spaced on the top cover 2. Multiple mounting positions are pre-planned and machined on the top cover 2 according to design requirements, evenly spaced in an array. For large ring parts, two to four sets of fixing points can be set, evenly distributed along the concentric circles of the top cover 2 to provide balanced and stable downward pressure. For scenarios where multiple small collar parts are fixed simultaneously, the mounting positions can be arranged in a matrix or distributed along multiple concentric rings, their positions corresponding one-to-one with the layout of the work positions inside the cylinder. The structure of each set of clamping assemblies 3 can be the same as described above, that is, each set includes an independent connecting rod 31, a mounting rod 32, and a first driving member 33. The lower end of each set of clamping assemblies 3 is connected to a complete set of fixing assemblies 4, which includes multiple fixing rods 41 evenly distributed circumferentially along its mounting rod 32, guide rods 42, a second driving member 43, and limiting members 5.

[0045] Among them, reference Figure 3The connecting rod 31 is detachably mounted on the top cover 2. An internal threaded hole 451 (not shown in the figure) is machined at the mounting position on the top cover 2, and an external thread is machined at the top end of the connecting rod 31. Installation and removal can be achieved by screwing. In other embodiments, a bayonet-type quick-change mechanism or an elastic buckle mechanism can be used, applying a certain pressure and rotation to the connecting rod 31 to lock it onto the top cover 2 or quickly release it, thereby improving the changing speed.

[0046] In this embodiment, three sets of fixing components 4 are arranged in a triangle on the top cover 2, thereby achieving the effect of processing three collar parts at a time. By setting multiple sets of detachable fixing components 4, different numbers and specifications of clamping units can be installed on the top cover 2 according to the needs of the current production task, realizing multiple production modes such as "single large workpiece" and "batch of small workpieces", thus improving the application range of the equipment.

[0047] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 A rotating ring 34 is coaxially mounted on the end of the mounting rod 32 away from the top cover 2, and a fixing assembly 4 is mounted on the rotating ring 34. Specifically, a rotating ring 34 is coaxially mounted on the lower end of the mounting rod 32 via a bearing (not shown in the figure), and all guide rods 42 are fixed to the rotating ring 34, rather than directly fixed to the mounting rod 32.

[0048] When the grinding table drives the grinding disc to rotate, the friction between the grinding disc and the bottom of the collar will cause the collar to generate a rotational tendency, which is transmitted to the rotating ring 34 through the fixed rod 41, so that it can rotate freely relative to the mounting rod 32. The rotational motion effectively avoids the repetition of the grinding trajectory, thereby avoiding the generation of regular patterns and improving the grinding and polishing quality.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the second limiting block 45 has a threaded hole 451, and the guide rod 42 has a thread, with the guide rod 42 threadedly connected to the second limiting block 45. The guide rod 42 is screwed into the threaded hole 451 of the second limiting block 45 and its angle is fixed by a locking nut (not shown in the figure). The second compression spring is compressed between the bottom wall of the second sliding cavity 44 and the second limiting block 45. Rotating the guide rod 42 can change the initial position of the second limiting block 45 in the second sliding cavity 44, thereby adjusting the pre-compression of the second compression spring. The greater the pre-compression, the greater the initial radial tension of the fixing rod 41, allowing the operator to flexibly adjust the most suitable clamping force according to the material and precision requirements of the collar. For example, softer copper parts require a smaller clamping force, while harder steel parts require a larger clamping force, which prevents the workpiece from slipping and avoids excessive clamping force that could cause workpiece deformation.

[0051] A guide rail 46 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed rod 41 along its own axis, and a guide groove 47 adapted to it is provided on the outer wall of the second limiting block 45, so that when the fixed rod 41 rotates, it drives the second limiting block 45 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the relative position of the second limiting block 45 and the guide rod 42, and thus adjusting the pre-compression amount of the second compression spring; the diameter of the guide rod 42 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second compression spring, so that when adjusting the relative position of the second limiting block 45 and the guide rod 42, the guide rod 42 can extend into the second compression spring, avoiding affecting the extension and retraction of the fixed rod 41.

[0052] The limiting member 5 is coaxially mounted on the guide rod 42, so that the limiting member 5 can rotate to the top and abut against the top wall of the collar member when the guide rod 42 rotates.

[0053] In some embodiments, the end of the fixing rod 41 is provided with a guide slope. Specifically, the guide slope is opened circumferentially along the edge of the end of the fixing rod 41 to form a chamfer structure. When installing the collar, the slope acts as a guide, making the installation process more convenient.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] Reference Figure 7 The second aspect of this application provides a surface grinding machine, including a grinding machine body 6, a grinding table provided on the grinding machine body 6, a plurality of installation stations 61 provided on the grinding table, and the aforementioned collar fixing device, which is provided on the installation station 61.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A collar fixing device, comprising a protective cylinder (1) and a top cover (2), characterized in that, Also includes: The clamping assembly (3) includes a connecting rod (31), a mounting rod (32), and a first driving member (33). The connecting rod (31) is connected to the top cover (2) in a vertical direction. The mounting rod (32) is disposed at the end of the connecting rod (31) away from the top cover (2) and is slidably connected to the connecting rod (31). The first driving member (33) is disposed between the connecting rod (31) and the mounting rod (32) and is used to drive the mounting rod (32) to slide away from the top cover (2). The fixing component (4) includes a fixing rod (41), a guide rod (42), and a second driving member (43). The guide rod (42) is arranged horizontally at one end of the mounting rod (32) away from the top cover (2). The fixing rod (41) is slidably connected to the guide rod (42). The second driving member (43) is arranged between the fixing rod (41) and the guide rod (42) to drive the fixing rod (41) to slide away from the guide rod (42). The end of the fixing rod (41) is provided with a limiting member (5) for abutting against the top wall of the collar to be fixed. The fixing rod (41) is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of fixing rods (41) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting rod (32).

2. The fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting rod (32) is rotatably mounted on a rotating ring (34) at one end away from the top cover (2), and the fixing component (4) is mounted on the rotating ring (34).

3. The fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (31) has a first sliding cavity (35) facing the end. The mounting rod (32) slides through the first sliding cavity (35). The insertion end of the mounting rod (32) is provided with a first limiting block (36). The first driving member (33) is disposed between the bottom wall of the first sliding cavity (35) and the first limiting block (36) to drive the mounting rod (32) to slide away from the top cover (2).

4. The fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed rod (41) has a second sliding cavity (44) facing the end. The guide rod (42) slides through the second sliding cavity (44). The guide rod (42) has a second limiting block (45) at its insertion end. The second driving member (43) is disposed between the bottom wall of the second sliding cavity (44) and the second limiting block (45) to drive the fixed rod (41) to slide away from the mounting rod (32).

5. The fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second limiting block (45) has a threaded hole (451), the guide rod (42) has a thread, and the guide rod (42) is threadedly connected to the second limiting block (45); the limiting member (5) is rotatably mounted on the guide rod (42) along the same axis.

6. The fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the fixing rod (41) is provided with a guide slope.

7. The fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (3) is provided with multiple sets, and the multiple sets of connecting rods (31) are evenly spaced on the top cover (2).

8. The fixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting rod (31) is detachably mounted on the top cover (2).

9. A surface grinding machine, comprising a grinding machine body (6), wherein a grinding table is provided on the grinding machine body (6), and a plurality of installation stations (61) are provided on the grinding table, characterized in that, It also includes the collar fixing device according to any one of claims 1-8, which is disposed on the installation station (61).

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