Small extrusion apparatus for plastics testing

Abstract

The application discloses a small extrusion device for plastic test, comprising an extrusion unit, a molding unit arranged at the back side of the extrusion unit, a vacuum system and a cooling system arranged at one side of the extrusion unit, the extrusion unit comprising a rack with a plurality of universal wheels mounted at the bottom and a flat double host and an extrusion die integrated at the top of the rack, the inlet of the extrusion die being communicated with the discharge port of the flat double host; the molding unit comprising a three-roller calender movable in the front-back direction and a trimming device and a winding device integrated and mounted at the rear end of the three-roller calender, the three-roller calender comprising a lifting rack and an upper roller, a middle roller and a lower roller rotatably installed on the lifting rack in sequence from top to bottom, the extrusion outlet of the extrusion die being aligned with the gap between the upper roller and the middle roller; the application has reasonable layout and complete functions, greatly improves the efficiency and convenience of the plastic test, and is suitable for the test of small-batch, multi-variety special plastics and ordinary plastics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of plastic processing equipment technology, and more particularly to a small extrusion device for plastic testing. Background Technology

[0002] In the research and development and performance testing of plastic materials, small extrusion equipment is needed to conduct small-batch, multi-stage extrusion molding tests. Existing testing machines have limited functionality and low integration, resulting in large equipment footprints, cumbersome operation, and hindering rapid and efficient experimentation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a compact, highly integrated, easy-to-operate, and particularly suitable small extrusion device for plastic testing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a small extrusion device for plastic testing, comprising:

[0005] An extrusion unit includes a frame and a flat double-headed extruder and an extrusion die integrated on the top of the frame. Several casters are installed at the bottom of the frame. The flat double-headed extruder is used to extrude material from front to back. The extrusion die is located at the rear of the flat double-headed extruder, and the inlet of the extrusion die is connected to the outlet of the flat double-headed extruder.

[0006] A forming unit is arranged behind the extrusion unit. The forming unit includes a three-roll calender that can move in the front-back direction, a trimming device arranged behind the three-roll calender, and a winding device arranged behind the trimming device. The three-roll calender includes a lifting frame and an upper roll, a middle roll, and a lower roll that are rotatably mounted on the lifting frame from top to bottom. The trimming device and the winding device are integrated and mounted at the rear end of the lifting frame. The extrusion nozzle of the extrusion die is aligned with the gap between the upper roll and the middle roll.

[0007] A vacuum system, biased to one side of the extrusion unit and connected to the barrel of the flat double-headed extruder; and

[0008] The cooling system is connected to the barrel, upper roller, middle roller and lower roller of the flat double-roll calender, and is used to provide cooling water to the flat double-roll calender and the three-roll calender.

[0009] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the flat dual-head main unit includes a barrel extending from front to back, a pair of extrusion screws rotatably installed inside the barrel, an extrusion motor drivenly connected to the pair of extrusion screws, and a feed hopper installed above the barrel. The pair of extrusion screws are arranged side by side and meshing with each other inside the barrel. The extrusion motor is used to drive the pair of extrusion screws to rotate synchronously inside the barrel. A feed inlet is provided on the barrel, and the feed hopper is installed at the feed inlet and communicates with the feed inlet.

[0010] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that an exhaust port for venting gas from the barrel is provided near the rear end of the barrel, and the exhaust port is connected to the vacuum system through a pipe.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the lifting frame can move back and forth in the front-to-back direction via a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism includes a moving guide rail extending in the front-to-back direction and a plurality of moving wheel systems installed at the bottom of the lifting frame, and each of the moving wheel systems is in rolling cooperation with the moving guide rail.

[0012] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that at least one pair of elevators are connected between the moving mechanism and the lifting frame, and each of the elevators is used to drive the lifting frame to move in the vertical direction relative to the moving mechanism.

[0013] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the rear end of the lifting frame is equipped with a rearwardly extending support frame, and the edge-cutting device and the winding device are both installed on the support frame.

[0014] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the edge-cutting device includes an edge-cutting assembly located on the rear side of the gap between the upper roller and the middle roller. The edge-cutting assembly includes a guide post mounted above the support frame and at least one pair of cutters for cutting the product in the front-back direction. The guide post extends in the left-right direction, and the at least one pair of cutters are spaced apart on the guide post in the left-right direction. Each of the cutters is configured to be movable relative to the guide post in the left-right direction and to be able to rotate with the guide post about its axis.

[0015] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the edge cutting device includes at least one pair of idler rollers arranged on the rear side of the middle roller, the at least one pair of idler rollers are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction, and each of the idler rollers is rotatably mounted on the support frame, and the top surface of the at least one pair of idler rollers is located in the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the middle roller.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the winding device includes a winding shaft rotatably mounted on the support frame and a winding motor drively connected to the winding shaft. The winding shaft is parallel to the idler roller, and the winding motor is mounted on the outside of the support frame and is used to drive the winding shaft to rotate around its own axis.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This application features a reasonable layout and complete functions, enabling efficient and convenient completion of the entire process from material extrusion, calendering, edge trimming to winding, greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of plastic testing. It is suitable for testing small-batch, multi-variety specialty plastics and ordinary plastics. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of a small extrusion apparatus for plastic testing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of a small extrusion device.

[0021] The components include: 100. Small extrusion equipment; 1. Extrusion unit; 11. Frame; 12. Casters; 13. Flat double main unit; 131. Barrel; 1311. Exhaust port; 132. Extrusion motor; 133. Feed hopper; 14. Extrusion die; 2. Forming unit; 21. Three-roll calender; 211. Lifting frame; 212. Upper roller; 213. Middle roller; 214. Lower roller; 215. Moving mechanism; 2151. Moving guide rail; 2152. Moving wheel system; 22. Trimming device; 221. Support roller; 222. Trimming assembly; 2221. Guide column; 2222. Cutter; 23. Winding device; 231. Winding shaft; 232. Winding motor; 24. Support frame; 3. Vacuum system; 4. Cooling system. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To illustrate the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives, and effects of the application in detail, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. In the following description, for illustrative purposes, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a detailed description of various exemplary embodiments or implementations of the invention. However, various exemplary embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details or in one or more equivalent arrangements. Furthermore, the various exemplary embodiments may differ, but are not necessarily exclusive. For example, the specific shape, structure, and characteristics of the exemplary embodiments may be used or implemented in another exemplary embodiment without departing from the inventive concept.

[0023] This application provides a small extrusion device for plastic testing. This small extrusion device is suitable for testing small-volume, multi-variety specialty plastics and ordinary plastics. It has a compact structure and a small footprint.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the small extrusion equipment 100 includes an extrusion unit 1, a forming unit 2, a vacuum system 3, and a cooling system 4. The extrusion unit 1 and the forming unit 2 are arranged sequentially from front to back, and the vacuum system 3 and the cooling system 4 are biased to one side of the extrusion unit 1 and the forming unit 2.

[0025] The extrusion unit 1 includes a frame 11 and a flat dual extruder 13 and an extrusion die 14 integrated on the top of the frame 11. Several casters 12 with locking functions are installed at the bottom of the frame 11 to facilitate movement and positioning. The flat dual extruder 13 includes a barrel 131 extending from front to back, a pair of parallel and meshing extrusion screws (not shown in the figure), an extrusion motor 132 driving the pair of extrusion screws to rotate synchronously, and a feed hopper 133 for supplying raw materials into the barrel 131. The barrel 131 has a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and an exhaust outlet 1311. The feed inlet is located near the front end of the barrel 131, and the feed hopper 133 is installed at and communicates with the feed inlet. The discharge outlet is located at the rear end of the barrel 131, and the extrusion die 14 is arranged behind and communicates with the discharge outlet. The exhaust outlet 1311 is located near the rear end of the barrel 131 and is connected to the vacuum system 3 via a pipe. A pair of extrusion screws are arranged side by side inside the barrel 131. The extrusion motor 132 is used to drive the pair of extrusion screws to rotate around their own axis inside the barrel 131, so as to shear and mix the material inside the barrel 131.

[0026] The forming unit 2 includes a three-roll calender 21 that can move back and forth, a trimming device 22 arranged behind the three-roll calender 21, and a winding device 23 arranged behind the trimming device 22. The three-roll calender 21 is used to calender the blank extruded from the extrusion die 14; the trimming device 22 is used to cut the product in the front-back direction to remove the waste edges on the left and right sides of the product so that the width of the product meets the production requirements; the winding device 23 is used to wind up the product at the end.

[0027] The three-roll calender 21 includes a lifting frame 211 and an upper roller 212, a middle roller 213, and a lower roller 214 mounted on the lifting frame 211 via bearing seats. The upper roller 212, middle roller 213, and lower roller 214 extend horizontally and are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The bearing seats at both ends of the upper roller 212 and lower roller 214 are sliding bearing seats, allowing both the upper roller 212 and lower roller 214 to be mounted on the lifting frame 211, rotating around their own axis and moving vertically. The vertical movement of the upper roller 212 and lower roller 214 adjusts the gaps between the upper roller 212 and middle roller 213, and between the lower roller 214 and middle roller 213, respectively, thus making it suitable for producing products of different thicknesses.

[0028] The flat extrusion nozzle of the extrusion die 14 is aligned with the gap between the upper roller 212 and the middle roller 213 to directly extrude the preform between the upper roller 212 and the middle roller 213, and then the three-roll calender 21 presses and cools it.

[0029] The lifting frame 211 can move in the front-back direction via a moving mechanism 215 to adjust the distance between it and the extrusion die 14. The moving mechanism 215 includes a pair of moving guide rails 2151 laid parallel to the ground and a plurality of moving wheel systems 2152 installed at the bottom of the lifting frame 211. The pair of moving guide rails 2151 both extend in the front-back direction, and each moving wheel system 2152 rolls in cooperation with the pair of moving guide rails 2151 to drive the lifting frame 211 to move back and forth along the pair of moving guide rails 2151.

[0030] At least two lifts (not shown in the figure) are also installed between the moving mechanism 215 and the lifting frame 211. These lifts are used to raise or lower the lifting frame 211 and the components mounted thereon, thereby adjusting the center height of the three-roll calender 21 so that the gap between the upper roll 212 and the middle roll 213 can be aligned with the extrusion nozzle of the front extrusion die 14. The three-roll calender 21 can be precisely adjusted for its alignment with the extrusion die 14 and its center height via the moving mechanism 215, improving the flexibility of the experiment.

[0031] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A rearwardly extending support frame 24 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the lifting frame 211. The trimming device 22 and the winding device 23 are both mounted on the support frame 24. The trimming device 22 includes at least one pair of idler rollers 221 located behind the middle roller 213 and a trimming assembly 222 mounted on the support frame 24. The at least one pair of idler rollers 221 are parallel to the middle roller 213 and arranged at intervals from front to back. Each idler roller 221 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 24 about its own axis. The top surface of the at least one pair of idler rollers 221 is located in the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the middle roller 213, and is used to support the products drawn out from the three-roll calender 21.

[0032] The cutting assembly 222 includes a guide post 2221 mounted above the support frame 24 and at least one pair of cutters 2222 for cutting the product. The guide post 2221 extends in the left-right direction, and the at least one pair of cutters 2222 are spaced apart on the guide post 2221 in the left-right direction. Each cutter 2222 can move relative to the guide post 2221 in the left-right direction and can be fixed to the guide post 2221 by fasteners. When the guide post 2221 rotates, the cutting angle of the product is adjusted as the guide post 2221 rotates, so that it can be adapted to the testing requirements of different widths and thicknesses, thus improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0033] The winding device 23 includes a winding shaft 231 rotatably mounted on a support frame 24 and a winding motor 232 that is drively connected to the winding shaft 231. The winding shaft 231 is parallel to the idler roller 221. The winding motor 232 is mounted on the outside of the support frame 24 and is used to drive the winding shaft 231 to rotate around its own axis, thereby winding up the product after trimming by the trimming assembly 222.

[0034] The edge trimming device 22 and the winding device 23 are integrated on the three-roll calender 21, forming a very compact integrated layout that significantly reduces the equipment footprint and is very suitable for environments with limited space.

[0035] Vacuum system 3 applies a suction negative pressure at the exhaust port 1311 of barrel 131 through pipes, allowing the exhaust gas inside barrel 131 to be discharged from barrel 131 under suction and collected in vacuum system 3, reducing the content of impurities and moisture in the material. Cooling system 4 is connected to the cooling water jacket of barrel 131 (not shown in the figure) and the inner cavities of upper roller 212, middle roller 213, and lower roller 214 through pipes, providing them with circulating cooling water to control the temperature. Vacuum system 3 and cooling system 4 can improve the plasticization quality of the material during the extrusion process, which is beneficial to obtaining test samples with stable performance and uniform and smooth appearance.

[0036] The working process of this application embodiment is as follows: the raw material enters the barrel 131 through the feed hopper 133, the extrusion motor 132 drives a pair of extrusion screws to rotate so that the material is melted and plasticized. When the material has a high moisture content, the vacuum system 3 is activated to extract the waste gas volatilized during the material plasticization process. The melt is formed into a sheet melt through the extrusion die 14 and is guided between the upper roller 212 and the middle roller 213. After being calendered and cooled by the three-roll calender 21, it is guided to the edge trimming device 22 on the rear side. The support roller 221 supports the sheet from below. The cutter 2222 of the edge trimming assembly 222 cuts the product on both sides. Finally, the product is wound on the winding shaft 231 of the winding device 23.

[0037] This application features a reasonable layout and complete functions, enabling efficient and convenient completion of the entire process from material extrusion, calendering, edge trimming to winding, greatly improving the efficiency and convenience of plastic testing. It is suitable for testing small-batch, multi-variety specialty plastics and ordinary plastics.

[0038] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the appended claims, specification, and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small extrusion apparatus for plastic testing, characterized in that, include: An extrusion unit includes a frame and a flat double-headed extruder and an extrusion die integrated on the top of the frame. Several casters are installed at the bottom of the frame. The flat double-headed extruder is used to extrude material from front to back. The extrusion die is located at the rear of the flat double-headed extruder, and the inlet of the extrusion die is connected to the outlet of the flat double-headed extruder. A forming unit is arranged behind the extrusion unit. The forming unit includes a three-roll calender that can move in the front-back direction, a trimming device arranged behind the three-roll calender, and a winding device arranged behind the trimming device. The three-roll calender includes a lifting frame and an upper roll, a middle roll, and a lower roll that are rotatably mounted on the lifting frame from top to bottom. The trimming device and the winding device are integrated and mounted at the rear end of the lifting frame. The extrusion nozzle of the extrusion die is aligned with the gap between the upper roll and the middle roll. A vacuum system is biased to one side of the extrusion unit and is connected to the barrel of the flat double-headed machine. and The cooling system is connected to the barrel, upper roller, middle roller and lower roller of the flat double-roll calender, and is used to provide cooling water to the flat double-roll calender and the three-roll calender.

2. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flat dual-head extruder includes a barrel extending from front to back, a pair of extrusion screws rotatably installed inside the barrel, an extrusion motor driven by the pair of extrusion screws, and a feed hopper installed above the barrel. The pair of extrusion screws are arranged side by side and meshing with each other inside the barrel. The extrusion motor drives the pair of extrusion screws to rotate synchronously inside the barrel. A feed inlet is provided on the barrel, and the feed hopper is installed at the feed inlet and communicates with the feed inlet.

3. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The barrel has an exhaust port near its rear end for discharging gas from inside the barrel, and the exhaust port is connected to the vacuum system via a pipe.

4. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting frame can move back and forth in the front-to-back direction via a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism includes a moving guide rail extending in the front-to-back direction and a plurality of moving wheel systems installed at the bottom of the lifting frame. Each of the moving wheel systems rolls in cooperation with the moving guide rail.

5. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one pair of elevators are connected between the moving mechanism and the lifting frame, and each of the elevators is used to drive the lifting frame to move in the vertical direction relative to the moving mechanism.

6. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the lifting frame is equipped with a rearwardly extending support frame, and both the edge-cutting device and the winding device are mounted on the support frame.

7. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The edge-cutting device includes an edge-cutting assembly located on the rear side of the gap between the upper roller and the middle roller. The edge-cutting assembly includes a guide post mounted above the support frame and at least one pair of cutters for cutting the product in a front-back direction. The guide post extends in a left-right direction, and the at least one pair of cutters are spaced apart on the guide post in a left-right direction. Each of the cutters is configured to be movable relative to the guide post in a left-right direction and to be rotatable with the guide post about its axis.

8. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The edge-cutting device further includes at least one pair of idler rollers arranged on the rear side of the middle roller. The at least one pair of idler rollers are spaced apart in the front-rear direction, and each of the idler rollers is rotatably mounted on the support frame. The top surface of the at least one pair of idler rollers is located in the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the middle roller.

9. The small extrusion equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The winding device includes a winding shaft rotatably mounted on the support frame and a winding motor drively connected to the winding shaft. The winding shaft is parallel to the idler roller. The winding motor is mounted on the outside of the support frame and is used to drive the winding shaft to rotate around its own axis.

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