Anti-crawling energy-absorbing device

Abstract

The application relates to an anti-climbing energy-absorbing device which comprises an anti-climbing unit, a mounting and fixing unit and an energy-absorbing unit; the anti-climbing unit comprises an anti-climbing plate, the mounting and fixing unit comprises a mounting plate and a cutter plate; the energy-absorbing unit comprises a plurality of hollow guide rods arranged between the cutter plate and the anti-climbing plate and energy-absorbing rings arranged in a column on the guide rods; the cross sections of the hollow guide rods and the energy-absorbing rings comprise shape-fitting wreath-shaped structures, the mounting plate and the cutter plate are provided with guide through holes through which the hollow guide rods pass, and cutting edges capable of cutting the energy-absorbing rings are arranged at the edges of the guide through holes; the hollow guide rods comprise central guide rods, matched energy-absorbing guide rods and hierarchical energy-absorbing guide rods. The utility model is based on the multi-mode collaborative energy-absorbing principle, a structure system of hierarchical triggering and coupled energy consumption is constructed, the organic unification of the anti-climbing function and the energy-absorbing performance is realized, and the higher requirements of high-speed trains on the collision safety performance are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit technology, and more specifically, to an anti-climbing energy-absorbing device. Background Technology

[0002] An ideal anti-creep energy absorption device should simultaneously possess reliable anti-creep functionality, stable progressive energy absorption characteristics, and good off-center load adaptability.

[0003] However, existing anti-climb devices generally suffer from the following technical defects: First, traditional structures have difficulty maintaining stable energy absorption performance while ensuring anti-climb function, especially when subjected to off-center load impacts exceeding 15°, the probability of structural instability increases significantly.

[0004] Secondly, the single-axial crushing deformation mode widely used in existing technologies cannot achieve a gradual energy dissipation process. This not only results in insufficient utilization of the effective deformation range but also generates excessively high initial peak forces, seriously affecting occupant safety. Although multi-stage energy absorption design technology has improved energy absorption characteristics to some extent, the lack of an effective collaborative working mechanism between the energy absorption units still fails to meet the stringent requirements for the smoothness of the force-displacement curve in high-speed collision conditions.

[0005] The existence of the aforementioned technical bottlenecks makes the development of new anti-climbing energy-absorbing structures with optimized layout and coordinated triggering mechanisms an urgent need to improve the passive safety performance of rail vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an anti-climb energy absorption device that, based on the principle of multi-mode collaborative energy absorption, constructs a hierarchical triggering and coupled energy consumption structure system to achieve an organic unity of anti-climb function and energy absorption performance, so as to meet the higher requirements of high-speed trains for collision safety performance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an anti-climb energy-absorbing device, including an anti-climb unit, an installation and fixing unit, and an energy-absorbing unit; The anti-climb unit includes an anti-climb plate with meshing teeth at the front end, and the mounting and fixing unit includes a mounting plate and a cutting tool plate. The energy-absorbing unit includes multiple hollow guide rods disposed between the cutter plate and the anti-climb plate, and energy-absorbing rings arranged in rows on the guide rods; The hollow guide rod and the energy-absorbing ring have cross-sections with a wreath-like structure that matches their shape. The mounting plate and the cutting tool plate are provided with guide holes through which the hollow guide rod passes. The outline size of the guide holes corresponds to the outline size of the hollow guide rod, and a cutting edge capable of cutting the energy-absorbing ring is provided at the edge of the guide holes. The hollow guide rod includes a central guide rod, a matching energy-absorbing guide rod, and a graded energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, each of the hollow guide rods is provided with an energy-absorbing ring, and the ring surface of each energy-absorbing ring is perpendicular to the axial direction of the hollow guide rod; The energy-absorbing rings are sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow guide rod and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hollow guide rod.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the central guide rod is disposed at the central position, and the graded energy-absorbing guide rod is disposed on the circumferential periphery of the central guide rod; The cutter plate includes a square plate, and the matching energy-absorbing guide rods are disposed at the four corners of the cutter plate and are disposed around the graded energy-absorbing guide rods.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the outline dimension of the energy-absorbing ring is larger than that of the hollow guide rod, and the difference in outer diameter between the energy-absorbing ring and the hollow guide rod is 2-3 mm.

[0011] In an optional implementation, in the direction extending from the blade plate towards the anti-climb plate, The energy-absorbing rings provided on the central guide rod include a first central energy-absorbing ring, a second central energy-absorbing ring, a third central energy-absorbing ring, a fourth central energy-absorbing ring, a fifth central energy-absorbing ring, and a sixth central energy-absorbing ring located in the extension section, with increasing thickness. The first central energy-absorbing ring is arranged in close contact with the cutter plate. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth central energy-absorbing rings are each included in one, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively. The sixth central energy-absorbing ring comprises multiple rings spaced at equal intervals, and the distance between the fifth central energy-absorbing ring and the initial sixth central energy-absorbing ring is smaller than the distance between adjacent sixth central energy-absorbing rings.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the energy-absorbing rings provided on the energy-absorbing guide rod include a plurality of initial energy-absorbing rings located in the starting section and a plurality of extended energy-absorbing rings located in the extension section, wherein the thickness of the extended energy-absorbing rings is greater than the thickness of the initial energy-absorbing rings. The initial energy-absorbing ring is positioned in a location corresponding to the section of the initial energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in the corresponding sections. The extended energy-absorbing rings are positioned in positions corresponding to the extended section of the energy-absorbing rings on the central guide rod, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in their corresponding sections.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the graded energy-absorbing guide rods include multiple rods arranged in groups, each rod having the same size, and the multiple graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged at equal intervals around the central guide rod. In the direction extending from the cutter plate to the anti-climb plate, each graded energy-absorbing guide rod is equipped with an empty rod section and an energy-absorbing section, and the length of the empty rod section increases with the increase of the energy absorption level. The guide rod of the energy absorption section is equipped with a graded energy absorption ring.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the graded energy-absorbing guide rod includes two sets, each set of graded energy-absorbing guide rods including a first graded energy-absorbing rod, a second graded energy-absorbing rod, a third graded energy-absorbing rod and a fourth graded energy-absorbing rod with increasing empty rod section length, and the two sets of graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged end to end in the circumferential direction according to the increasing energy absorption level; The graded energy-absorbing rings provided on the energy-absorbing section include a first graded energy-absorbing ring, a second graded energy-absorbing ring, a third graded energy-absorbing ring located in the starting section with increasing thickness, and a fourth graded energy-absorbing ring located in the extension section. The first stage energy-absorbing ring, the second stage energy-absorbing ring, and the third stage energy-absorbing ring each consist of one ring, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively. The fourth-level energy-absorbing ring comprises multiple rings spaced at equal intervals, and the distance between the third-level energy-absorbing ring and the initial fourth-level energy-absorbing ring is smaller than the distance between adjacent fourth-level energy-absorbing rings. The energy-absorbing rings on the graded energy-absorbing guide rods of the same group are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals, and the energy-absorbing rings on the graded energy-absorbing guide rods of different groups are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals. The arrangement interval of the energy-absorbing rings on the first graded energy-absorbing rod corresponds to the arrangement interval of the energy-absorbing rings on the cooperating energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the meshing teeth on the anti-climb plate include elongated teeth with a frustum-shaped cross-section, and the cone angle of the meshing teeth is 60°.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the mounting plate and the cutter plate are connected by bolts; The mounting plate is welded and fixed to the end of the train, and a sealing plate is attached to the mounting plate. The two ends of the hollow guide rod are respectively connected to the anti-climb plate and the sealing plate by bolts.

[0017] The anti-climb energy absorption device in this application can achieve dynamic coordination between anti-climb and energy absorption, solving the problem of functional separation in traditional structures. At the same time, by using a ring-cutting wire stripping energy absorption method, combined with hollow guide rods of different functional structures, it realizes a coordinated mechanism of anti-climb engagement, ring-cutting wire stripping, and graded energy absorption, achieving anti-climb protection and efficient energy dissipation during the collision process of rail vehicles.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-absorbing anti-climb device in this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of the energy-absorbing anti-climb device in this application. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hollow guide rod; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a hollow guide rod; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate on the mounting plate; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the central guide rod and the energy-absorbing guide rod. Figure 7 This is a side view of the graded energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0021] icon: 1-Anti-climb plate; 2-Cut blade plate; 3-Mounting plate; 4-First bolt; 5-Sealing plate; 6-Second bolt; 7-Center guide rod; 8-First matching energy-absorbing rod; 9-Second matching energy-absorbing rod; 10-Third matching energy-absorbing rod; 11-Fourth matching energy-absorbing rod; 12-A set of four-stage energy-absorbing rods; 13-A set of three-stage energy-absorbing rods; 14-A set of two-stage energy-absorbing rods; 15-A set of one-stage energy-absorbing rods; 16-Two sets of four-stage energy-absorbing rods; 17-Two sets of three-stage energy-absorbing rods; 18-Secondary energy-absorbing rods (two sets); 19-Secondary energy-absorbing rods (two sets); 20-First central energy-absorbing ring; 21-Second central energy-absorbing ring; 22-Third central energy-absorbing ring; 23-Fourth central energy-absorbing ring; 24-Fifth central energy-absorbing ring; 25-Sixth central energy-absorbing ring; 26-Initial mating energy-absorbing ring; 27-Extended mating energy-absorbing ring; 28-First stage energy-absorbing ring; 29-Second stage energy-absorbing ring; 30-Third stage energy-absorbing ring; 31-Fourth stage energy-absorbing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] See Figure 1 and combined Figures 2-7 The anti-climb energy-absorbing device in this application mainly includes an anti-climb unit, an installation and fixing unit, and an energy-absorbing unit; The anti-climb unit includes an anti-climb plate 1 with meshing teeth at the front end, and the mounting and fixing unit includes a mounting plate 3 and a cutting tool plate 2. The energy-absorbing unit includes multiple hollow guide rods disposed between the cutter plate 2 and the anti-climb plate 1, and energy-absorbing rings arranged in rows on the guide rods; The hollow guide rod and the energy-absorbing ring have cross-sections with a wreath-like structure that matches the shape. The mounting plate 3 and the tool plate 2 are provided with guide holes through which the hollow guide rod passes. The outline size of the guide hole corresponds to the outline size of the hollow guide rod, and a cutting edge capable of cutting the energy-absorbing ring is provided at the edge of the guide hole. The hollow guide rod includes a central guide rod 7, a matching energy-absorbing guide rod, and a graded energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0026] In terms of specific structural composition, the anti-climb unit includes an anti-climb plate 1 with meshing teeth at the front end. The thickness of the anti-climb plate 1 is 30mm. The meshing teeth are located on the front end face of the anti-climb plate 1 and are made of No. 45 steel with a thickness of 40mm. They are used to achieve mechanical locking with the meshing teeth of the oncoming vehicle in the event of a collision.

[0027] The meshing teeth on the anti-climb plate 1 include elongated teeth with a frustum-shaped cross-section, a cone angle of 60°, and a tooth height of 15mm. In terms of anti-climb performance, the meshing teeth can quickly and reliably engage with the meshing teeth of the oncoming vehicle in the initial stage of the collision. Through the mechanical locking action of the 60° tooth shape, the relative vertical displacement of the two vehicles is effectively limited, completely avoiding vehicle climbing and ensuring the stability of the occupant survival space during the collision.

[0028] The energy-absorbing unit, as the core energy dissipation component of the anti-climb energy-absorbing device, specifically includes multiple hollow guide rods and energy-absorbing rings arranged in rows on the guide rods.

[0029] The mounting and fixing unit specifically includes a mounting plate 3 and a tool plate 2, which are mainly used to install the hollow guide rod and the anti-climb plate 1.

[0030] Mounting plate 3 is 30mm thick, made of Q355B low alloy high strength steel, and has a size of 280mm×280mm. Its side away from the hollow guide rod is welded and fixed to the end structure of the train, providing an installation base for the entire anti-climb energy absorption device.

[0031] The cutter plate 2 is made of Cr12MoV alloy tool steel with a thickness of 30mm. The cutter plate 2 is fixed to the side of the mounting plate 3 facing the hollow guide rod by the first bolt 4. The mounting plate 3 and the cutter plate 2 are provided with guide holes for the hollow guide rod to pass through. The outline size of the guide hole corresponds to and matches the outline size of the hollow guide rod. A cutting edge is provided at the edge of the guide hole to cut the energy-absorbing ring. By setting the cutting edge at the edge of the guide hole, the energy-absorbing ring on the hollow guide rod is cut during a train collision to achieve the energy absorption effect of ring cutting and wire stripping.

[0032] From the perspective of the connection and installation at the ends of the hollow guide rods, the anti-climb plate 1 is fixedly connected to the front ends of all the hollow guide rods by the second bolt 6, ensuring that the impact force can be effectively transferred to the energy absorption unit through the anti-climb plate 1. At the same time, a sealing plate 5 is fitted on the side wall of the mounting plate 3 away from the hollow guide rods to seal the guide through holes. The connecting root of the hollow guide rod is connected to the sealing plate 5 by the second bolt 6, so that both ends of the hollow guide rod are fixed between the anti-climb plate 1 and the sealing plate 5 respectively.

[0033] The hollow guide rod in this application is specifically a rod-shaped structure with a hollow interior and a wreath-like cross-section. A solid portion is located around the hollow channel, and this solid portion has a threaded countersunk hole for reliable connection with the second bolt 6. The hollow guide rod is made of 7075 aluminum alloy, is 500mm long, and has eight petals in its hollow wreath-like cross-section.

[0034] During normal vehicle operation, the sealing plate 5 restricts the axial movement of the hollow guide rod, preventing the energy-absorbing structure from detaching. Upon impact, the hollow guide rod, under the force of the impact energy, can break through the seal 5's blockage of the guide hole, allowing it to move within the guide hole. The impact energy is then absorbed and released through the cutting edge of the guide hole cutting the energy-absorbing ring.

[0035] Compared to existing anti-climb energy-absorbing devices, this application sets the hollow guide rod and energy-absorbing ring into a structure with a garland-shaped cross-section and a matching cross-sectional shape. On the one hand, after a train impact, the hollow guide rod can be axially slid in the guide hole to cut and absorb energy from the energy-absorbing ring. On the other hand, compared with the traditional circular ring structure energy-absorbing ring, the cutting area can be increased by more than 30% in the same installation space, which can greatly improve the impact energy absorbed during the cutting process and significantly improve the energy dissipation efficiency.

[0036] From the perspective of ensuring energy absorption stability and achieving graded energy absorption, the hollow guide rod in this application includes a central guide rod 7, a cooperating energy absorption guide rod, and graded energy absorption guide rods.

[0037] The central guide rod 7 has the largest outer diameter and is located in the center, which can play a dominant cutting energy absorption effect. When it is hit by a train, it can trigger the cutting of the energy absorption ring on the central guide rod 7. Regardless of the impact level, the central guide rod 7 accompanies the entire impact energy absorption process.

[0038] The outer diameter of the energy-absorbing guide rod is smaller than that of the central guide rod 7 but larger than that of the staged energy-absorbing guide rod. It is set at the four corners of the square-shaped tool plate 2 and is also set around the staged energy-absorbing guide rod. Its main function is to cooperate with the cutting energy absorption of the central guide rod 7 and the staged energy-absorbing guide rod on the periphery. It is synchronized with the energy absorption process of the central guide rod 7 and almost covers the entire impact energy absorption process.

[0039] The graded energy-absorbing guide rods are set around the central guide rod 7. They are mainly used to perform synchronous cutting energy absorption with the central guide rod 7 and the energy-absorbing guide rods, and to perform cutting energy absorption with different impact energies from low to high, thus playing a further auxiliary role in energy absorption.

[0040] The graded energy-absorbing guide rod can absorb energy according to different impact energy levels. Specifically, the energy-absorbing anti-climb device in this application can divide into four energy-absorbing zones according to different impact energy levels. It should be understood that this application does not limit the specific number of energy-absorbing zones, and multiple levels of energy-absorbing zones can be actually divided according to the specific impact energy.

[0041] By setting up different hollow guide rods as described above, and in combination with the anti-climb plate 1, a coordinated mechanism of anti-climb engagement, ring cutting and stripping, and graded energy absorption is effectively achieved, minimizing the impact of impact energy on the train and personnel.

[0042] In this application, each hollow guide rod is equipped with an energy-absorbing ring. The ring surface of each energy-absorbing ring is perpendicular to the axial direction of the hollow guide rod, which can ensure the effective cutting of the energy-absorbing ring by the cutting edge and ensure the reliability of the cutting energy absorption process.

[0043] The energy-absorbing rings are sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow guide rod and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hollow guide rod. During the cutting process, the cutting chips can be discharged from the gaps between different energy-absorbing rings, avoiding accumulation.

[0044] The specific arrangement of the different guide rods described above can, on the periphery, enable the energy-absorbing guide rods to form a stabilizing effect on the central guide rod 7 and the graded energy-absorbing guide rods. At the same time, while the central guide rod 7 plays a leading role in energy absorption, the graded energy-absorbing guide rods can provide auxiliary support to the central guide rod 7, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the cutting energy absorption process.

[0045] The outline dimensions of the energy-absorbing ring are larger than those of the hollow guide rod, and the difference in outer diameter between the energy-absorbing ring and the hollow guide rod is 2-3 mm.

[0046] During the cutting process, since the outer diameter difference between the energy-absorbing ring and the hollow guide rod is only 2-3mm, the stress concentration generated by the cutting process causes the energy-absorbing ring to crack on its own after being cut and completely detach from the hollow guide rod, leaving no residual ring.

[0047] Meanwhile, based on the different arrangements of hollow guide rods, the energy-absorbing rings on the guide rods can be split into small pieces and discharged from the sides of the structure, avoiding accumulation and obstruction of deformation, and ultimately achieving full utilization of the overall effective energy absorption stroke.

[0048] With the energy-absorbing unit as the core structure, the outer diameter of the central guide rod 7 is 88mm and the inner diameter is 64mm. The outer diameter of the matching energy-absorbing guide rod is 34mm and the inner diameter is 22mm. The outer diameter of the graded energy-absorbing guide rod is 44mm and the inner diameter is 28mm. The energy-absorbing ring is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. The outer diameter of the energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod 7 is 100mm, which is 6mm different from the outer diameter of the central guide rod 7. The outer diameter of the energy-absorbing ring on the matching energy-absorbing guide rod is 40mm, which is 3mm different from the outer diameter of the matching energy-absorbing guide rod. The outer diameter of the graded energy-absorbing guide rod is 52mm, which is 4mm different from the outer diameter of the graded energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0049] In the direction extending from the cutter plate 2 to the anti-climb plate 1, the energy-absorbing rings provided on the central guide rod 7 include a first central energy-absorbing ring 20, a second central energy-absorbing ring 21, a third central energy-absorbing ring 22, a fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23, a fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 located in the initial section with increasing thickness, and a sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 located in the extension section.

[0050] The first central energy-absorbing ring 20 is arranged close to the cutter plate 2. On the one hand, it can play a good positioning effect, so that the central guide rod 7 can be fixed between the cutter plate 2 and the anti-climb plate 1. On the other hand, based on its minimum thickness, it can buffer the initial impact force with the thinner energy-absorbing ring in the initial stage, effectively avoiding the instantaneous damage to the vehicle structure and occupants caused by the high initial impact force.

[0051] It should be noted that, except for the initial energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod 7 which has the smallest thickness and whose thickness increases progressively, the initial energy-absorbing rings on the other guide rods also have the smallest thickness and whose thickness increases progressively. This can play a progressive buffering effect and achieve the technical effect of avoiding instantaneous damage caused by high initial impact force.

[0052] The first central energy-absorbing ring 20, the second central energy-absorbing ring 21, the third central energy-absorbing ring 22, the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 and the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 each include one, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively; The sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 includes multiple rings that are equidistant from each other, and the distance between the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 and the initial sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 is smaller than the distance between adjacent sixth central energy-absorbing rings 25.

[0053] Specifically, the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 on the central guide rod 7 has a thickness of 1mm, the second central energy-absorbing ring 21 has a thickness of 2mm, the third central energy-absorbing ring 22 has a thickness of 3mm, the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 has a thickness of 4mm, the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 has a thickness of 5mm, and the sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 has a thickness of 6mm. The distance between the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 and the second central energy-absorbing ring 21 is 2mm; the distance between the second central energy-absorbing ring 21 and the third central energy-absorbing ring 22 is 4mm; the distance between the third central energy-absorbing ring 22 and the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 is 6mm; the distance between the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 and the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 is 8mm; the distance between the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 and the initial sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 is 10mm; and the distance between subsequent adjacent sixth central energy-absorbing rings 25 is 12mm. There is one first central energy-absorbing ring 20, one second central energy-absorbing ring 21, one third central energy-absorbing ring 22, one fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23, and one fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24, for a total of 23 sixth central energy-absorbing rings 25.

[0054] The energy-absorbing guide rod includes a first energy-absorbing rod 8, a second energy-absorbing rod 9, a third energy-absorbing rod 10, and a fourth energy-absorbing rod 11. The energy-absorbing rings provided on the energy-absorbing guide rods include multiple initial energy-absorbing rings 26 located in the starting section and multiple extended energy-absorbing rings 27 located in the extension section. The thickness of the extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is greater than the thickness of the initial energy-absorbing rings 26. Specifically, the thickness of the initial energy-absorbing rings 26 is 2 mm, and the thickness of the extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is 3 mm.

[0055] The initial energy-absorbing rings 26 are distributed in an axial gradient of 2mm to fill the gaps between the energy-absorbing rings on the central guide rod 7; The extended energy-absorbing rings 27 are distributed in a 3mm axial gradient to fill the 12mm gap between the energy-absorbing rings on the central guide rod 7, thereby achieving continuous transmission of energy absorption capacity.

[0056] The initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is positioned in a manner corresponding to the section of the initial energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod 7, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in the corresponding sections. The extended energy-absorbing ring 27 is positioned in a manner corresponding to the section of the extended energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod 7, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in their corresponding sections.

[0057] The first, second, third, and fourth energy-absorbing rods are configured with four initial energy-absorbing rings 26 and 22 extended energy-absorbing rings 27 on the first energy-absorbing rod 8, four initial energy-absorbing rings 26 and 22 extended energy-absorbing rings 27 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9, four initial energy-absorbing rings 26 and 22 extended energy-absorbing rings 27 on the third energy-absorbing rod 10, and three initial energy-absorbing rings 26 and 22 extended energy-absorbing rings 27 on the fourth energy-absorbing rod 11. The spacing between the extended energy-absorbing rings 27 on all the energy-absorbing guide rods is 18 mm.

[0058] The distance between the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first energy-absorbing rod 8 is 11mm, the distance between the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 10mm, the distance between the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 11mm, the distance between the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 is 10mm, and the distance between subsequent adjacent extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is 15mm. The distance between the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9 is 9mm, the distance between the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 10mm, the distance between the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 11mm, the distance between the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 is 11mm, and the distance between subsequent adjacent extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is 15mm. The distance between the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third initial energy-absorbing rod 10 is 13mm, the distance between the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 11mm, the distance between the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 6mm, the distance between the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 is 9mm, and the distance between subsequent adjacent extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is 15mm. The distance between the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the fourth energy-absorbing rod 11 is 10mm, the distance between the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 is 11mm, the distance between the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 and the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 is 21mm, and the distance between subsequent adjacent extended energy-absorbing rings 27 is 15mm. In the direction extending from the cutter plate 2 to the anti-climb plate 1, the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first mating energy-absorbing rod 8 is offset from the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 on the central guide rod 7 by 2mm; the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second mating energy-absorbing rod 9 is offset from the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 on the central guide rod 7 by 5mm; the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third mating energy-absorbing rod 10 is offset from the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 on the central guide rod 7 by 7mm; and the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the fourth mating energy-absorbing rod 11 is offset from the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 on the central guide rod 7 by 12mm.

[0059] Thus, the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first mating energy-absorbing rod 8 is used to fill the gap between the first central energy-absorbing ring 20 and the second central energy-absorbing ring 21 on the central guide rod 7; The first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9 and the first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third energy-absorbing rod 10 are used to fill the gap between the second central energy-absorbing ring 21 and the third central energy-absorbing ring 22 on the central guide rod 7. The first initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the fourth energy-absorbing rod 11, the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first energy-absorbing rod 8, and the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9 are used to fill the gap between the third central energy-absorbing ring 22 and the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 on the central guide rod 7. The second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third energy-absorbing rod 10, the second initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the fourth energy-absorbing rod 11, the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first energy-absorbing rod 8 and the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9 are used to fill the gap between the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23 and the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 on the central guide rod 7. The third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third energy-absorbing rod 10, the third initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the fourth energy-absorbing rod 11, the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the first energy-absorbing rod 8, the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the second energy-absorbing rod 9, and the fourth initial energy-absorbing ring 26 on the third energy-absorbing rod 10 are used to fill the gap between the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24 and the sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 on the central guide rod 7. The first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 on the first mating energy-absorbing rod 8, the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 on the second mating energy-absorbing rod 9, the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 on the third mating energy-absorbing rod 10, and the first extended energy-absorbing ring 27 on the fourth mating energy-absorbing rod 11 are used to fill the gap between the sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 on the central guide rod 7 and the adjacent sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25.

[0060] From the perspective of graded energy absorption, the graded energy absorption guide rod includes multiple rods arranged in groups. Each graded energy absorption guide rod has the same size, and the multiple graded energy absorption guide rods are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the central guide rod 7. In the direction extending from the cutter plate 2 to the anti-climb plate 1, each graded energy-absorbing guide rod is provided with an empty rod section and an energy-absorbing section. The length of the empty rod section increases with the increase of the energy absorption level. Graded energy-absorbing rings are provided on the guide rods of the energy-absorbing sections.

[0061] Furthermore, the graded energy-absorbing guide rods include two sets. Each set of graded energy-absorbing guide rods includes a first graded energy-absorbing rod, a second graded energy-absorbing rod, a third graded energy-absorbing rod, and a fourth graded energy-absorbing rod with increasing empty rod section length. The two sets of graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged end to end in the circumferential direction according to the increasing energy absorption level, thus forming a symmetrical distribution structure of the two sets of graded energy-absorbing guide rods around the central guide rod 7.

[0062] Specifically, see Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged starting from a position close to 9 o'clock, and then rotate clockwise to arrange a set of four-stage energy-absorbing rods 12, a set of three-stage energy-absorbing rods 13, a set of two-stage energy-absorbing rods 14, a set of one-stage energy-absorbing rods 15, two sets of four-stage energy-absorbing rods 16, two sets of three-stage energy-absorbing rods 17, two sets of two-stage energy-absorbing rods 18, and two sets of one-stage energy-absorbing rods 19.

[0063] The graded energy-absorbing rings set on the energy-absorbing section include a first graded energy-absorbing ring 28, a second graded energy-absorbing ring 29, a third graded energy-absorbing ring 30 with increasing thickness located in the initial section, and a fourth graded energy-absorbing ring 31 located in the extension section. The first stage energy-absorbing ring 28, the second stage energy-absorbing ring 29, and the third stage energy-absorbing ring 30 each include one, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively. The fourth grade energy-absorbing ring 31 includes a plurality of rings that are equally spaced apart, and the distance between the third grade energy-absorbing ring 30 and the initial fourth grade energy-absorbing ring 31 is smaller than the distance between adjacent fourth grade energy-absorbing rings 31. Energy-absorbing rings on energy-absorbing guide rods of different grades in the same group are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals. In addition, energy-absorbing rings on energy-absorbing guide rods of the same grade in different groups are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals. Specifically, there is a slight staggered arrangement of energy-absorbing rings on energy-absorbing guide rods of the same grade in different groups in the corresponding intervals, so as to further refine the mutual assistance in the graded energy absorption process.

[0064] The arrangement intervals of the energy-absorbing rings on the first-stage energy-absorbing rod correspond to the arrangement intervals of the energy-absorbing rings on the energy-absorbing guide rod.

[0065] It should be noted that the initial segment in this application refers to the section on the hollow guide rod near the cutter plate 2, while the extension segment refers to the section on the hollow guide rod extending toward the anti-climb plate 1 after the initial segment.

[0066] In the specific configuration, along the direction from the cutter plate 2 to the anti-climb plate 1, a first-stage energy-absorbing ring 28 with a thickness of 1mm, a second-stage energy-absorbing ring 29 with a thickness of 2mm, a third-stage energy-absorbing ring 30 with a thickness of 3mm, and multiple fourth-stage energy-absorbing rings 31 are sequentially fitted on a set of four-stage energy-absorbing rods 12 to two sets of first-stage energy-absorbing rods 19.

[0067] Among them, the structure of one set of four-stage energy-absorbing rods 12 is basically the same as that of two sets of four-stage energy-absorbing rods 16; the structure of one set of three-stage energy-absorbing rods 13 is basically the same as that of two sets of three-stage energy-absorbing rods 17; the structure of one set of two-stage energy-absorbing rods 14 is basically the same as that of two sets of two-stage energy-absorbing rods 18; the structure of one set of one-stage energy-absorbing rods 15 is basically the same as that of two sets of one-stage energy-absorbing rods 19; and there are slight overlaps between the energy-absorbing rings of the same level in different groups.

[0068] The fourth-level energy-absorbing rings 31 fitted on a set of four-level energy-absorbing rods 12, a set of three-level energy-absorbing rods 13, a set of two-level energy-absorbing rods 14, and a set of one-level energy-absorbing rods 15 are 8, 17, 26, and 35 respectively, forming four-level energy-absorbing ranges (0-110mm, 110-220mm, 220-330mm, 330-440mm).

[0069] When a train collision occurs, the working process is as follows: During the anti-climb engagement phase, at the initial stage of the collision, the meshing teeth on the anti-climb plate 1 quickly mesh with the meshing teeth of the oncoming vehicle, limiting the relative vertical displacement of the two vehicles through tooth locking and preventing the vehicle from climbing.

[0070] First-stage energy absorption initiation phase: As the collision force increases, the anti-climb plate 1 pushes all the hollow guide rods to move axially towards the tool plate 2. The cutting edge of the tool plate 2 begins to contact and cut the first central energy-absorbing ring 20, the second central energy-absorbing ring 21, the third central energy-absorbing ring 22, the fourth central energy-absorbing ring 23, the fifth central energy-absorbing ring 24, and the sixth central energy-absorbing ring 25 on the central guide rod 7; and cuts the initial mating energy-absorbing ring 26 and the extended mating energy-absorbing ring 27 on the mating energy-absorbing guide rod; at the same time, it cuts the energy-absorbing rings on a set of first-stage energy-absorbing rods 15 and two sets of first-stage energy-absorbing rods 19.

[0071] As the thickness of the energy-absorbing rings increases and the gaps between them are filled, the cutting force gradually increases, thus avoiding an excessively high initial peak force.

[0072] Multi-stage energy absorption progressive stage: When the collision stroke reaches 110mm, the first stage energy absorption ring 28, the second stage energy absorption ring 29, the third stage energy absorption ring 30 and the fourth stage energy absorption ring 31 on the stage energy absorption guide rod begin to be cut by the tool plate 2 in stages.

[0073] As the stroke increases, the four energy absorption zones are activated sequentially (the second stage is activated at 110mm, the third stage at 220mm, and the fourth stage at 330mm). By setting the gradient of the number of energy absorption rings, the energy absorption is improved in stages to adapt to the dynamic changes in collision energy.

[0074] Residue-free, high-efficiency energy absorption stage: Since the outer diameter difference between the energy-absorbing ring and the hollow guide rod is only 2-3mm, the stress concentration generated by cutting causes the energy-absorbing ring to crack on its own after being cut and completely detach from the hollow guide rod, leaving no residual ring.

[0075] The energy-absorbing ring on the guide rod splits into small pieces and is discharged from all sides of the structure, avoiding accumulation that hinders deformation and ultimately achieving full utilization of the overall effective energy absorption stroke.

[0076] The energy-absorbing anti-climbing device in this application achieves dynamic synergy between anti-climbing and energy absorption through anti-climbing engagement and multi-guide rod circumferential cutting, thus solving the problem of functional separation in traditional structures.

[0077] The arrangement of increasing energy-absorbing ring thickness and filling array gaps can improve the smoothness of the force-displacement curve by 50% and reduce the initial peak force by more than 30%, effectively avoiding instantaneous damage to the vehicle structure and occupants from high initial impact forces.

[0078] The precise fit between the energy-absorbing ring and the guide rod enables 100% utilization of the 440mm effective energy-absorbing stroke, which is 20%-30% higher than existing technologies, demonstrating outstanding stroke utilization.

[0079] The four-level energy absorption zone dynamically matches the collision energy. Through the gradient design of the number of energy absorption rings, it realizes the graded dynamic matching of energy absorption, which is suitable for the multi-condition requirements of trains with speeds of 400 km / h and above.

[0080] The easily split structure of the energy-absorbing ring and the distribution of multiple guide rods can reduce the probability of instability to 0 under 15° off-center load, which is superior to the off-center load adaptability of similar devices and has strong structural stability.

[0081] Compared with similar ring-cut energy-absorbing structures, the garland-shaped cutting energy-absorbing structure in this application increases energy absorption by 50% under the same arrangement space, which can significantly improve the collision safety protection level of high-speed trains and has important engineering application value.

[0082] The energy-absorbing anti-creep device in this application achieves breakthroughs in anti-creep reliability, energy absorption stability, off-center load adaptability, and stroke utilization through structural collaborative design, significantly improving the collision safety protection level of high-speed trains.

[0083] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-climb energy-absorbing device, characterized in that, Includes anti-climb unit, mounting and fixing unit, and energy absorption unit; The anti-climb unit includes an anti-climb plate with meshing teeth at the front end, and the mounting and fixing unit includes a mounting plate and a cutting tool plate. The energy-absorbing unit includes multiple hollow guide rods disposed between the cutter plate and the anti-climb plate, and energy-absorbing rings arranged in rows on the guide rods; The hollow guide rod and the energy-absorbing ring have cross-sections with a wreath-like structure that matches their shape. The mounting plate and the cutting tool plate are provided with guide holes through which the hollow guide rod passes. The outline size of the guide holes corresponds to the outline size of the hollow guide rod, and a cutting edge capable of cutting the energy-absorbing ring is provided at the edge of the guide holes. The hollow guide rod includes a central guide rod, a matching energy-absorbing guide rod, and a graded energy-absorbing guide rod.

2. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the hollow guide rods is provided with an energy-absorbing ring, and the ring surface of each energy-absorbing ring is perpendicular to the axial direction of the hollow guide rod; The energy-absorbing rings are sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow guide rod and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hollow guide rod.

3. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central guide rod is located at the center, and the graded energy-absorbing guide rod is located around the central guide rod. The cutter plate includes a square plate, and the matching energy-absorbing guide rods are disposed at the four corners of the cutter plate and are disposed around the graded energy-absorbing guide rods.

4. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outline dimension of the energy-absorbing ring is larger than that of the hollow guide rod, and the difference in outer diameter between the energy-absorbing ring and the hollow guide rod is 2-3 mm.

5. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction extending from the blade plate towards the anti-climb plate, The energy-absorbing rings provided on the central guide rod include a first central energy-absorbing ring, a second central energy-absorbing ring, a third central energy-absorbing ring, a fourth central energy-absorbing ring, a fifth central energy-absorbing ring, and a sixth central energy-absorbing ring located in the extension section, with increasing thickness. The first central energy-absorbing ring is arranged in close contact with the cutter plate. The first, second, third, fourth and fifth central energy-absorbing rings are each included in one, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively. The sixth central energy-absorbing ring comprises multiple rings spaced at equal intervals, and the distance between the fifth central energy-absorbing ring and the initial sixth central energy-absorbing ring is smaller than the distance between adjacent sixth central energy-absorbing rings.

6. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing rings provided on the energy-absorbing guide rod include multiple initial energy-absorbing rings located in the starting section and multiple extended energy-absorbing rings located in the extension section. The thickness of the extended energy-absorbing rings is greater than the thickness of the initial energy-absorbing rings. The initial energy-absorbing ring is positioned in a location corresponding to the section of the initial energy-absorbing ring on the central guide rod, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in the corresponding sections. The extended energy-absorbing rings are positioned in positions corresponding to the extended section of the energy-absorbing rings on the central guide rod, and different energy-absorbing rings are staggered in their corresponding sections.

7. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graded energy-absorbing guide rods include multiple rods arranged in groups, each of the same size, and the multiple graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the central guide rod. In the direction extending from the cutter plate to the anti-climb plate, each graded energy-absorbing guide rod is equipped with an empty rod section and an energy-absorbing section, and the length of the empty rod section increases with the increase of the energy absorption level. The guide rod of the energy absorption section is equipped with a graded energy absorption ring.

8. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The graded energy-absorbing guide rods include two sets. Each set of graded energy-absorbing guide rods includes a first graded energy-absorbing rod, a second graded energy-absorbing rod, a third graded energy-absorbing rod, and a fourth graded energy-absorbing rod with increasing empty rod section length. The two sets of graded energy-absorbing guide rods are arranged end to end in the circumferential direction according to the increasing energy absorption level. The graded energy-absorbing rings provided on the energy-absorbing section include a first graded energy-absorbing ring, a second graded energy-absorbing ring, a third graded energy-absorbing ring located in the starting section with increasing thickness, and a fourth graded energy-absorbing ring located in the extension section. The first stage energy-absorbing ring, the second stage energy-absorbing ring, and the third stage energy-absorbing ring each consist of one ring, and the spacing between adjacent energy-absorbing rings increases progressively. The fourth-level energy-absorbing ring comprises multiple rings spaced at equal intervals, and the distance between the third-level energy-absorbing ring and the initial fourth-level energy-absorbing ring is smaller than the distance between adjacent fourth-level energy-absorbing rings. The energy-absorbing rings on the graded energy-absorbing guide rods of the same group are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals, and the energy-absorbing rings on the graded energy-absorbing guide rods of different groups are arranged alternately in the corresponding intervals. The arrangement interval of the energy-absorbing rings on the first graded energy-absorbing rod corresponds to the arrangement interval of the energy-absorbing rings on the cooperating energy-absorbing guide rod.

9. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The meshing teeth on the anti-climb plate include elongated teeth with a frustum-shaped cross-section, and the cone angle of the meshing teeth is 60°.

10. The anti-climb energy-absorbing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting plate and the cutter plate are connected by bolts; The mounting plate is welded and fixed to the end of the train, and a sealing plate that can block the guide through hole is attached to the mounting plate. The two ends of the hollow guide rod are respectively connected to the anti-climb plate and the sealing plate by bolts.

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