Ballast track frame plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to rail transit technical field, specifically disclose a ballast track frame board, including ballast, frame board, be provided with rail, fastener on frame board, frame board includes frame board body, its frame board body contains the longitudinal beam department and crossbeam department of being linked, longitudinal beam department top surface is equipped with a plurality of rail bearing platform, and the spacing and interface condition of fastener are consistent, and the corresponding region is equipped with embedded sleeve pipe or reserved through -hole, and fastener track spike installation anchoring is supplied, the inside and outside of longitudinal beam department all have wavy groove or convex, and the bottom of body is equipped with a plurality of shallow pits, and the shallow pit avoids embedded sleeve pipe or reserved through -hole periphery, wherein ballast slope gradient is 1: 1.5~1: 1.75, and the shoulder width of ballast is 0.2~0.5m, and the thickness of ballast is 0.2~0.45m, and the thickness of frame board is 0.15~0.3m, and the width of frame board is 2~2.4m, the design can increase the contact area and frictional resistance of frame board and surrounding ballast, significantly improve longitudinal and lateral resistance, and make longitudinal and lateral resistance evenly distributed, thereby promote the stability of frame board and ballast track overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail transit technology, specifically to a ballast track frame plate. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rail transit, there are already frame slabs such as trapezoidal sleepers, longitudinal sleepers, and longitudinal beam sleepers, which are mainly composed of longitudinal beams and connecting parts between the longitudinal beams. The longitudinal beams are mainly made of reinforced concrete, while the connecting parts between the longitudinal beams can be made of steel or reinforced concrete, and the concrete structure is reinforced with ribs. However, these existing frame slabs such as trapezoidal sleepers, longitudinal sleepers, and longitudinal beam sleepers are not specifically designed for ballasted track. Their sides and bottoms are smooth, or they only have limiting bosses on the outer side of the longitudinal beams. This structure increases the width of the slab and the contact area between the limiting bosses and the ballast is very limited. The longitudinal resistance provided is small and too concentrated around the limiting bosses, which is very unfavorable for longitudinal anti-climbing when the frame slabs are laid in ballasted track sections. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a ballast track frame plate to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. This design can increase the contact area and frictional resistance between the frame plate and the surrounding ballast, and distribute the frictional resistance evenly on both sides and bottom of the longitudinal beam, significantly improving the longitudinal and lateral resistance, and making the longitudinal and lateral resistance evenly distributed, thereby improving the stability of the frame plate and the overall structure of the ballast track.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a ballast track frame plate, including ballast and a frame plate, wherein rails and fasteners are provided on the frame plate, the frame plate includes a frame plate body, the frame plate body includes connected longitudinal beams and transverse beams, and a rail support platform with the same spacing and interface conditions as the fasteners is provided on the top surface of the longitudinal beams, wherein multiple rail support platforms are provided; The frame plate body is provided with pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes in the area corresponding to the rail support platform for the installation or anchoring of fasteners and rail spikes. The inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beam are provided with wave-like grooves or protrusions. The bottom of the frame plate body is provided with multiple rows of shallow pits, and the shallow pit area is set to avoid the surrounding area of ​​the pre-embedded sleeve or reserved through hole on the frame plate body. The shape of a single part of the wave-like groove or protrusion is one of concave-convex, zigzag, or sinusoidal waveform. The ballast slope is 1:1.5 to 1:1.75, the ballast shoulder width is 0.2 to 0.5 m, the ballast thickness is 0.2 to 0.45 m, the frame plate thickness is 0.15 to 0.3 m, and the frame plate width is 2 to 2.4 m.

[0005] To further optimize this utility model, the following technical solutions may be preferred: Preferably, the trench depth is 5-50 mm and the center-to-center distance of the trench is 100-600 mm.

[0006] Preferably, the shallow pits are polygonal, circular, elliptical, or other irregular shapes, with the area of ​​a single pit ranging from 20 to 200 cm². 2 The shallow pits are 5-15mm deep, and the net distance between them is 30-300mm.

[0007] Preferably, the frame slab body adopts a bidirectional prestressed concrete structure with longitudinal beams and transverse beams, wherein the prestressing tendons of the longitudinal beams are double-layered, and the prestressing tendons of the transverse beams are single-layered or double-layered.

[0008] Preferably, the connection between the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam is provided with a rounded corner or a bevel.

[0009] Preferably, the crossbeam portion includes end crossbeams, which are disposed near both ends of the frame plate body.

[0010] Preferably, the rail support platform is positioned above the upper surface of the frame plate body.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) Improved structural mechanical performance: The frame slab adopts a two-way prestressed concrete structure with longitudinal beams and transverse beams. The prestressing tendons of the longitudinal beams are set in double layers and the height of the resultant force application point is the same as the height of the centroid of the equivalent section, which effectively avoids eccentric bending deformation and ensures the structural stability of the frame slab when bearing train loads. The prestressing tendons of the transverse beams can be flexibly selected as single or double layers, and the production process is adapted to pre-tensioning or post-tensioning methods, which enhances the overall load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the frame slab. The connection between the transverse beams and longitudinal beams is provided with rounded or beveled corners, which can effectively disperse stress, avoid stress concentration leading to structural damage, and extend the service life of the frame slab.

[0012] (2) Optimize the stability of track connection: The spacing and interface conditions of the rail bearing platform on the top surface of the longitudinal beam and the fastener are consistent, and the pre-embedded sleeve or reserved through hole is set in the rail bearing platform area to adapt to the elastic bar type I and elastic bar type II non-separable fasteners, ensuring that the track fasteners are installed accurately and firmly, and improving the stability and reliability of the track system; the inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beam are set with wave-like grooves or protrusions, which increases the friction and interlocking force between the frame plate and the surrounding track bed, prevents the frame plate from displaced under the action of train dynamic load, and enhances the integrity of the track structure; the bottom of the frame plate is designed with multiple rows of shallow pits to further increase the contact area and friction with the ballast track bed foundation, while avoiding the area around the pre-embedded sleeve or reserved through hole, effectively improving the connection stability between the frame plate and the lower foundation while ensuring the strength of the main structure.

[0013] (3) Enhance structural durability: By reasonably optimizing the dimensions of each component of the frame plate (such as setting the range of parameters such as length, width, and thickness), combined with prestressed structural design and stress concentration avoidance measures, the frame plate can better resist environmental erosion and train load fatigue during long-term use, reduce the generation of frame plate cracks and structural damage, improve structural durability, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0014] (4) Improve construction convenience and efficiency: The modular design of the frame plate (4 to 14 pairs of rail support platforms per frame plate) can be flexibly selected according to the actual track laying requirements, which facilitates construction organization; the design of pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes in the rail support platform facilitates the quick installation or anchoring of fasteners and track spikes, simplifying the construction process; at the same time, the reasonable size and structural design reduces the difficulty of transporting and installing the frame plate, improves construction efficiency, and shortens the construction cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the ballast track frame plate system in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the frame plate in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the first type of frame plate in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the first type of frame plate structure in Example 1; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the second type of frame plate in Example 1; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the second type of frame plate structure in Example 1; Figure 7 This is a side view of the frame plate structure in Example 1; Figure 8 This is an end view of the frame plate in Example 1; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the short frame plate in Example 2; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the first type of short frame plate in Example 2; Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the short frame plate of the first type in Example 2; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the second type of short frame plate in Example 2; Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the second type of short frame plate in Example 2; Figure 14This is a side view of the short frame plate in Example 2; In the diagram: 1. Frame slab body; 2. Horizontal beam; 3. Longitudinal beam; 4. Rail support platform; 5. Embedded sleeve or reserved through hole; 6. Trench; 7. Shallow pit; 8. Fastener; 9. Rail; 10. Ballast. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Example 1: like Figure 1-8 As shown, a ballast track frame slab includes ballast 10 and a frame slab, wherein rails 9 and fasteners 8 are installed on the frame slab. The frame slab includes a frame slab body 1, which includes connected longitudinal beams 3 and transverse beams 2. The top surface of the longitudinal beams 3 is provided with rail bearing platforms 4 that are consistent with the spacing and interface conditions of the fasteners 8. Multiple rail bearing platforms 4 are provided. The frame slab body 1 is provided with pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes 5 corresponding to the rail bearing platform areas for the installation or anchoring of fastener spikes. The inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beams are provided with wave-like grooves 6 or protrusions. The bottom of the frame slab body is provided with multiple rows of shallow pits 7 to further increase the contact area and friction with the ballast track foundation, significantly improve the longitudinal and transverse resistance, and make the longitudinal and transverse resistance evenly distributed. The shallow pit areas are set to avoid the areas around the pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes, which effectively improves the connection stability between the frame slab and the lower foundation while ensuring the strength of the main structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the shape of a single part of the wave-like groove or protrusion is one of concave-convex, zigzag, or sinusoidal waveform.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the ballast slope is 1:1.5 to 1:1.75, the ballast shoulder width is 0.2 to 0.5 m, the ballast thickness is 0.2 to 0.45 m, the frame slab thickness is 0.15 to 0.3 m, and the frame slab width is 2 to 2.4 m.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the depth of the groove 6 is 5 to 50 mm and the center-to-center distance of the groove 6 is 100 to 600 mm.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the shallow pit 7 adopts a polygonal, circular, elliptical, or other irregular irregular shape, such as... Figure 3-4As shown in Figures 5-6, there are polygonal shallow pits and circular shallow pits, respectively; the area of ​​a single shallow pit ranges from 20 to 200 cm². 2 The shallow pits are 5-15mm deep, and the net distance between them is 30-300mm.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the frame slab body 1 adopts a bidirectional prestressed concrete structure with longitudinal beams and transverse beams, wherein the prestressing tendons of the longitudinal beams are double-layered, and the prestressing tendons of the transverse beams are single-layered or double-layered.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the connection between the crossbeam 2 and the longitudinal beam 3 is provided with rounded corners or bevels.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the crossbeam 2 includes end crossbeams, which are disposed near both ends of the frame plate body.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the rail support platform 4 is set on the upper surface of the frame plate body 1.

[0026] Example 2: like Figure 9-14 This is a structural schematic diagram of a short frame slab. The frame slab body 1 is a "U"-shaped structure formed by connected longitudinal beams 3 and transverse beams 2. The remaining structure is the same as the overall structural design in Example 1 and will not be described again. Multiple rows of shallow pits are set at the bottom of the frame slab body to further increase the contact area and friction with the ballast track foundation, significantly improving longitudinal and lateral resistance and ensuring a uniform distribution of longitudinal and lateral resistance. The shallow pit areas avoid the areas surrounding pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes, effectively improving the connection stability between the frame slab and the lower foundation while ensuring the strength of the main structure. Figure 10-11 As shown in Figures 12-13, the shallow pits are polygonal shallow pits and circular shallow pits, respectively.

[0027] I. Overall Structure Overview This frame slab adopts an integrated structure composed of longitudinal beams and transverse beams. The whole is a two-way prestressed concrete structure with longitudinal beams and transverse beams. Through scientific design of the dimensions and structure of each part, the stability and reliability of track laying are achieved.

[0028] II. Material Selection The main frame slab is constructed of high-strength concrete, with its strength grade determined according to design requirements to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity and durability. The prestressing tendons for the longitudinal beams are made of steel wire, steel bars, or steel strands, while the prestressing tendons for the transverse beams are made of steel bars or steel wires. All prestressing materials must comply with relevant national standards and design requirements.

[0029] III. Fabrication and Parameter Control of Each Component (a) Longitudinal beam Longitudinal beam width: The width of the longitudinal beam on one side is controlled between 0.5 and 0.7m, preferably 0.6m, to ensure the lateral stability and load-bearing capacity of the longitudinal beam.

[0030] The thickness of the main structure of the longitudinal beam is 0.15-0.30m, preferably 0.17-0.2m, taking into account the properties of concrete materials to ensure the overall strength of the longitudinal beam.

[0031] Longitudinal beam prestressing tendon placement: Pre-tensioning method is adopted, and the longitudinal beam prestressing tendons are arranged in two layers, upper and lower. During the arrangement, it is necessary to accurately calculate the height of the equivalent cross-section centroid of the longitudinal beam, taking into account the influence of the top rail support platform and the bottom shallow pit, so that the height of the resultant force application point of the longitudinal beam prestressing tendons is the same as that, avoiding eccentricity that could cause bending deformation of the longitudinal beam.

[0032] Grooves or protrusions on the inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beam: Wavy grooves or protrusions are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beam. The shape of a single groove can be concave-convex, zigzag, or sinusoidal. The groove depth is controlled between 5 and 50 mm, preferably 10 to 20 mm, and the center-to-center spacing of the grooves is 100 to 600 mm. During manufacturing, custom molds can be used to ensure that the shape, size, and spacing of the grooves or protrusions meet the design requirements. This structural design helps to enhance the bonding force between the longitudinal beam and the surrounding ballasted track bed structure.

[0033] (ii) Crossbeam Beam width: The beam width is 0.2 to 0.5 m, preferably 0.3 m, to meet the requirements of lateral connection and load bearing.

[0034] End beam position: The end beam is close to both ends of the frame slab, and the distance between the end beam and the end of the frame slab is 50-300mm. The position of the end beam is ensured to be accurate through precise measurement and positioning.

[0035] Prestressing tendons for the crossbeams: The prestressing tendons for the crossbeams can be set in a single layer or double layer, with single layer being preferred. The prestressing tendons for the crossbeams can be pre-tensioned or post-tensioned depending on the production process, and it is not required that they be exactly the same as the centroid height of the equivalent cross section of the crossbeam.

[0036] The connection between the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam: The connection should be rounded or beveled. The radius of the rounded corner or the size of the bevel should be determined according to the actual situation to avoid stress concentration and damage. The rounded corner or bevel treatment should be done during the mold design.

[0037] (III) Track support platform Rail support platform installation: Rail support platforms are installed on the top surface of the longitudinal beams, and their spacing and interface conditions are matched with the fasteners. The number of rail support platforms installed on a single frame slab is 4 to 14 pairs, which can be reasonably allocated according to the length of the frame slab.

[0038] Track support platform height: The height of the track support platform protruding from the plate surface is 20-80mm. The height must be strictly controlled during the manufacturing process to ensure the flatness of the track laying.

[0039] Pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes: Pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes are installed at the top rail support of the frame plate for the installation or anchoring of fastener spikes. Preferred fasteners are type I or type II non-separable elastic clip fasteners. The position and size of the pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes must match the selected fasteners to ensure secure installation.

[0040] (iv) Shallow pit at the bottom of the frame slab Shallow pit design: Multiple rows of shallow pits are set at the bottom of the frame panel. The shallow pits adopt polygonal, circular, elliptical or other irregular irregular shapes. The area of ​​a single shallow pit ranges from 20 to 200 cm², the depth of the shallow pit is 5 to 15 mm, and the net distance between the shallow pits is 30 to 300 mm.

[0041] Shallow pit location: The shallow pit area should be set away from the surrounding area of ​​the pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes in the frame plate to ensure the strength of the main structure of the frame plate. During mold design, the location of the shallow pit must be precisely planned, and a special mold must be made to form the shallow pit structure.

[0042] (v) Overall Dimension Control Frame panel length: The length of the frame panel is controlled between 1.2 and 9.1m, preferably between 3.6 and 7.2m. The appropriate length can be selected according to the actual project requirements.

[0043] Total width of the frame panel: The total width is 2 to 2.4m. The width dimension is strictly controlled by molds during the manufacturing process.

[0044] IV. Production Process Mold Preparation: Based on the design dimensions and structural characteristics of the frame panel, a dedicated mold is manufactured. The mold must possess sufficient rigidity and stability to ensure the shape and dimensional accuracy of the frame panel. The mold must be pre-set with components for forming longitudinal beam grooves or protrusions, shallow bottom pits, and support rail platforms, etc.

[0045] Prestressing tendon arrangement: According to design requirements, prestressing tendons for longitudinal beams and transverse beams are arranged within the mold. The prestressing tendons for longitudinal beams are pre-tensioned, requiring precise control of their position and tension; the prestressing tendons for transverse beams are arranged using either pre-tensioning or post-tensioning methods depending on the production process.

[0046] Concrete pouring: Pour the mixed high-strength concrete into the mold and compact it using a vibrating device to ensure the concrete is dense and avoid defects such as honeycomb and pitting. During the pouring process, care should be taken to protect the prestressing tendons and the positions of the embedded sleeves or reserved through holes.

[0047] Curing: After the concrete is poured, it should be cured according to the prescribed curing system to ensure that the concrete strength can develop normally. Methods such as covering and watering or steam curing can be used, and the appropriate method should be selected according to the ambient temperature and concrete properties.

[0048] Prestressing tensioning (post-tensioned beams): For prestressed tendons of beams constructed using the post-tensioning method, prestressing tensioning is carried out after the concrete reaches the design strength requirements. During the tensioning process, the tensioning stress and elongation must be strictly controlled.

[0049] Demolding and subsequent treatment: Once the concrete strength reaches the design requirements, demolding is performed. After demolding, the frame slabs are visually inspected and their dimensions measured, and any defects are repaired. Simultaneously, debris in the embedded sleeves or pre-drilled holes is cleaned to ensure unobstructed flow.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ballast track frame slab, comprising ballast and a frame slab, wherein rails and fasteners are disposed on the frame slab, characterized in that: The frame plate includes a frame plate body, which includes connected longitudinal beams and transverse beams. The top surface of the longitudinal beams is provided with a rail support platform that is consistent with the fastener spacing and fastener interface conditions. Multiple rail support platforms are provided. The frame plate body is provided with pre-embedded sleeves or reserved through holes in the area corresponding to the rail support platform for the installation or anchoring of fasteners and rail spikes. The inner and outer sides of the longitudinal beam are provided with wave-like grooves or protrusions. The bottom of the frame plate body is provided with multiple rows of shallow pits, and the shallow pit area is set to avoid the surrounding area of ​​the pre-embedded sleeve or reserved through hole on the frame plate body. The shape of a single part of the wave-like groove or protrusion is one of concave-convex, zigzag, or sinusoidal waveform. The ballast slope is 1:1.5 to 1:1.75, the ballast shoulder width is 0.2 to 0.5 m, the ballast thickness is 0.2 to 0.45 m, the frame plate thickness is 0.15 to 0.3 m, and the frame plate width is 2 to 2.4 m.

2. The ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trench depth is 5-50 mm and the center-to-center distance of the trench is 100-600 mm.

3. The ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shallow pits are polygonal, circular, elliptical, or other irregular shapes, with the area of ​​a single pit ranging from 20 to 200 cm². 2 The shallow pits are 5-15mm deep, and the net distance between them is 30-300mm.

4. A ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame slab body adopts a two-way prestressed concrete structure with longitudinal beams and transverse beams. The prestressing tendons in the longitudinal beams are double-layered, while the prestressing tendons in the transverse beams are either single-layered or double-layered.

5. A ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam is provided with rounded corners or beveled corners.

6. A ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam section includes end crossbeams, which are disposed near both ends of the frame plate body.

7. A ballast track frame slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail support platform is set on the upper surface of the protruding frame plate body.

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