A construction anti-falling device for a building elevator shaft
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522236265.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-22
AI Technical Summary
传统的电梯井防坠装置缓冲结构多集成于速差防坠器本体内（如内置弹簧、摩擦片），缓冲行程受防坠器壳体尺寸限制，且缓冲力不可调，面对不同体重施工人员或不同坠落高度时，易出现轻载缓冲过度导致下坠距离过长、重载缓冲不足导致冲击加速度超标的问题，无法形成分级递进的缓冲效果
本实用新型提供一种房建电梯井施工防坠装置，本实用新型施工人员将安全背带穿戴在身上，如果出现意外发生坠落的情况，防护绳带动速差防坠器安全带快速拉动，离心力会触发速差防坠器内部的棘轮、卡钳或凸轮机构，瞬间锁死安全绳，阻止其继续拉出，通过速差防坠器自身锁止对下坠过程进行一级缓冲，当安全绳无法继续拉出时，防护绳带动配重板、固定管和位移块继续垂直下降，即位移块沿多个T型直杆外壁滑动，并挤压各位置缓冲弹簧压缩，通过多个缓冲弹簧压缩实现二级缓冲，该一、二级的递进式缓冲，使得佩戴有安全背带施工人员的瞬时拉力峰值得到降低，即施工人员的舒适性得以提升。
Smart Images
Figure CN224849648U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction equipment technology, and in particular to a fall prevention device for elevator shaft construction in residential buildings. Background Technology
[0002] Elevator shaft fall arrestors are core protective equipment ensuring the safety of workers during elevator installation, inspection, and maintenance. They are primarily used in high-altitude operations within elevator shafts (such as guide rail installation, car debugging, and shaft cleaning). A typical structure includes a fall arrestor (such as a speed-differential fall arrestor) connected to the top of the shaft or a fixed support, a safety harness worn by the worker, and load-bearing components connecting the fall arrestor and the safety harness. Its core function is to quickly restrict the rope's pull when a worker falls, preventing further descent through the locking mechanism of the fall arrestor. Simultaneously, a buffer structure mitigates the impact of the fall, preventing injury from excessive instantaneous force. These devices must be adapted to the characteristics of elevator shafts—"narrow space, variable working height, and dusty, humid environment"—ensuring both timely locking response and safety and comfort during the protection process. They are an indispensable component of the elevator shaft construction safety system. Traditional elevator shaft fall arrestors often integrate the buffer structure into the body of the fall arrestor (such as built-in springs and friction plates). The buffer stroke is limited by the size of the fall arrestor shell, and the buffer force is not adjustable. When dealing with construction workers of different weights or different fall heights, it is easy to cause problems such as excessive buffering under light loads leading to excessive fall distances, and insufficient buffering under heavy loads leading to excessive impact acceleration. It is impossible to form a graded and progressive buffering effect.
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fall prevention device for elevator shaft construction in residential buildings to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a fall prevention device for elevator shaft construction in building buildings.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a construction elevator shaft anti-fall device, including a positioning frame, a speed difference fall arrestor, a buffer part and a safety harness. The positioning frame is placed horizontally on the top of the elevator shaft, and the entire positioning frame is a component made of high-strength steel. The top lug of the differential speed fall arrester is suspended in the center of the positioning frame, and the bottom safety rope of the differential speed fall arrester is equipped with a load-bearing connecting seat. The buffer section includes a load-bearing rope that is directly fixedly connected to the load-bearing connecting seat. A reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing rope. T-shaped straight rods are installed at equal angles along the bottom of the reinforcing plate. Displacement blocks are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of multiple T-shaped straight rods. Buffer springs are sleeved on the outer walls of the T-shaped straight rods at the bottom of the displacement blocks. A fixing tube is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the displacement blocks. The safety harness is located directly below the buffer section. A protective rope is connected to the top of the safety harness, and a counterweight plate is fixedly installed on the top of the protective rope. The top of the rope is connected to the bottom of the fixing tube by high-strength bolts.
[0006] Preferably, the positioning frame is coaxially welded from a threaded rod and symmetrically distributed square tubes. A threaded limiting cylinder is symmetrically installed at the middle section of the threaded rod, and adjusting nuts are symmetrically installed near both ends of the threaded rod. A positioning ring is welded to the side of the adjusting nut facing the square tube.
[0007] Preferably, the displacement block includes a slider that is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod at each position, and a connecting block is provided on the inner side of the multiple sliders, and the connecting block and the multiple sliders are fixed by locking bolts.
[0008] Preferably, a placement groove is symmetrically opened on the outer side of the fixed tube, and a one-way air pump is set in the center of the inside of the fixed tube. A support rod is symmetrically welded to the base of the one-way air pump. The top of the support rod passes through the lower end face of the connecting block and the reinforcing plate and is fixedly connected. A T-shaped extension rod is coaxially connected to the top piston rod of the one-way air pump. An extrusion plate is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the fixed tube and at the top of the T-shaped extension rod. The outer side of the safety harness has an airbag along its design path. The airbag's inlet end passes through the counterweight plate and is connected to and fixed to the outlet end of the one-way air pump.
[0009] Preferably, a support spring is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped extension rod at the top of the one-way air pump.
[0010] Preferably, a limiting ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod, and the distance between the upper end face of the limiting ring and the lower end face of the reinforcing plate is greater than the difference between the maximum stroke of the T-shaped extension rod and the thickness of the connecting block.
[0011] Preferably, the top of the limiting ring is provided with a placement groove, and a buffer silicone pad is embedded in the placement groove.
[0012] Compared with related technologies, the fall prevention device for elevator shaft construction provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This utility model provides a fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building construction. Construction workers wear a safety harness. In the event of an accidental fall, the protective rope pulls the safety belt of the differential fall arrestor quickly. The centrifugal force triggers a ratchet, caliper, or cam mechanism inside the differential fall arrestor, instantly locking the safety rope and preventing it from pulling out further. The differential fall arrestor itself provides a first-level buffer during the fall. When the safety rope can no longer be pulled out, the protective rope drives the counterweight plate, fixing tube, and displacement block to continue descending vertically. The displacement block slides along the outer wall of multiple T-shaped straight bars, compressing the buffer springs at various locations. This compression of multiple buffer springs achieves a second-level buffer. This progressive first- and second-level buffering reduces the peak instantaneous tension for the worker wearing the safety harness, thus improving the worker's comfort.
[0013] This utility model provides a fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building buildings. This utility model adopts direct mechanical energy drive, without any electronic components or power supply modules. The whole process is not affected by dust, humidity, or temperature. Even if it is idle for a long time or in extreme environments, as long as the buffer part is compressed and displaced, the inflation process can be triggered. On the other hand, there are no signal interference or component aging problems. As long as a fall causes the buffer part to move, the inflation action will start simultaneously, improving the reliability of protection and avoiding the risk of non-inflation caused by electronic failure from the root. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall state of this utility model; Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the buffer section of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region C in the middle; Figure 6 This is a front view of the safety harness of this utility model being worn; Figure 7 This is a front view of the buffer section of this utility model; The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Positioning frame, 2. Differential fall arrestor, 3. Buffer section, 4. Safety harness, 11. Square tube, 12. Threaded rod, 13. Threaded limit cylinder, 14. Adjusting nut, 15. Positioning ring, 31. Bearing rope, 32. Reinforcing plate, 33. T-shaped straight rod, 34. Displacement block, 35. Buffer spring, 36. Fixing tube, 41. Protective rope, 42. Counterweight plate, 43. Airbag, 341. Slider, 342. Connecting block, 343. Locking bolt, 361. Placement slot, 362. One-way air pump, 363. Support rod, 364. T-shaped extension rod, 331. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0016] Furthermore, the terms used below are defined based on the functions of this utility model and may vary depending on the user's or operator's intent or convention. Therefore, these terms are defined based on the entire contents of this specification.
[0017] Please see Figures 1-7 The present invention provides a fall prevention device for elevator shaft construction, comprising a positioning frame 1, a speed difference fall prevention device 2, a buffer part 3, and a safety harness 4. The positioning frame 1 is placed horizontally on the top of the elevator shaft, and the positioning frame 1 is a component made of high-strength steel. The top lug of the speed difference fall arrestor 2 is suspended in the center of the positioning frame 1, and the bottom safety rope of the speed difference fall arrestor 2 is equipped with a load-bearing connecting seat. The speed difference fall arrestor 2 is the industry-standard high-altitude operation grade speed difference fall arrestor 2, which is equipped with a centrifugal braking mechanism. For example, if the model SJD-50 speed difference fall arrestor 2 is used, it is equipped with a lifting lug, i.e. a load-bearing connection seat. The positioning frame 1 is coaxially welded from a threaded rod 12 and symmetrically distributed square tubes 11, that is, the square tubes 11 are symmetrically distributed on both ends of the threaded rod 12, and the middle section of the threaded rod 12 is not covered by the thread. Threaded limiting sleeves 13 are symmetrically installed at the middle section of the threaded rod 12. When installing the speed difference fall arrestor 2 in this way, the lifting lug can be sleeved on the area of the threaded rod 12 that is not covered by the thread, and then the threaded limiting sleeves 13 can be rotated so that the end faces of the two threaded limiting sleeves 13 are clamped on both sides of the lifting lug, thereby axially locking the speed difference fall arrestor 2 and improving the stability of the speed difference fall arrestor 2 in use. Adjusting nuts 14 are symmetrically installed near both ends of the threaded rod 12. A positioning ring 15 is welded to the end face of the adjusting nut 14 facing the square tube 11. When placing the positioning bracket 1, refer to... Figure 1In the state shown, the assembly of square tube 11 and threaded rod 12 is placed at the top of the elevator shaft. By turning the adjusting nut 14 with a wrench, the adjusting nut 14 drives the positioning ring 15 at the edge of the elevator shaft, locking the overall position of the positioning frame 1, which further improves the stability of the speed difference fall arrestor 2. The buffer section 3 includes a load-bearing rope 31 that is directly fixedly connected to the load-bearing connecting seat. A reinforcing plate 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing rope 31. T-shaped straight rods 33 are installed at equal angles along the axial direction at the bottom of the reinforcing plate 32. Displacement blocks 34 are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of multiple T-shaped straight rods 33. The displacement block 34 can slide vertically down the outer wall of multiple T-shaped straight bars 33; A buffer spring 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod 33 at the bottom of the displacement block 34. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the buffer spring 35 supports the bottom of the displacement block 34 and provides it with a vertically upward compressive force. Under the action of this compressive force, the top of the displacement block 34 is pressed tightly against the lower end face of the reinforcing plate 32. This state can be referred to as Figure 3 As shown; A fixing tube 36 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the displacement block 34. The movement mode and direction of the fixing tube 36 are consistent with those of the displacement block 34. The safety harness 4 is located directly below the buffer section 3. A protective rope 41 is connected to the top of the safety harness 4. A counterweight plate 42 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective rope 41. The top of the rope 41 is connected to the bottom of the fixing tube 36 by a high-strength bolt. Construction workers wear safety harness 4. In the event of an accidental fall, the safety rope 41 will cause the safety belt of the speed difference fall arrestor 2 to be pulled quickly. The centrifugal force will trigger the ratchet, caliper or cam mechanism inside the speed difference fall arrestor 2, which will lock the safety rope instantly and prevent it from being pulled out. The speed difference fall arrestor 2 will provide a first-level buffer for the fall process by locking itself. When the safety rope can no longer be pulled out, the protective rope 41 drives the counterweight plate 42, the fixed tube 36 and the displacement block 34 to continue to descend vertically. That is, the displacement block 34 slides along the outer wall of multiple T-shaped straight bars 33 and squeezes the buffer springs 35 at each position. The compression of multiple buffer springs 35 achieves secondary buffering. This progressive buffering of primary and secondary levels reduces the instantaneous peak tension of the construction personnel wearing the safety harness 4, thereby improving the comfort of the construction personnel.
[0018] In another embodiment, reference Figures 1-4 The displacement block 34 includes a slider 341 that is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod 33 at each position, and a connecting block 342 is provided on the inner side of the multiple sliders 341. Furthermore, the connecting block 342 is fixed to the multiple sliders 341 by locking bolts 343. By turning the locking bolts 343 with a wrench, they are separated from the sliders 341. At this position, the sliders 341 are separated from the connecting block 342. When the displacement block 34 is subjected to a vertically downward force, the sliders 341 at the separated position do not apply a compressive force to the buffer spring 35. Simultaneously, the slider 341 corresponding to the disassembled locking bolt 343 applies normal compressive force to the buffer spring 35, thereby adjusting the number of actions of the buffer spring 35. The specific adjustment number is as follows: Based on personnel weight: For construction workers weighing 50kg (light load), at least two buffer springs 35 can be controlled to contact the slider 341. In this state, excessive buffer stroke will prevent the personnel from hitting the bottom of the elevator shaft. For construction workers weighing 120kg (heavy load), four buffer springs 35 can be controlled to contact the slider 341. The peak buffer force is increased to ensure that the falling inertia is quickly offset within a short stroke and to prevent the buffer springs 35 from being over-compressed and failing. According to the working height: When the working height is ≤5m (short distance fall), at least two buffer springs 35 are controlled to contact the slider 341; when the working height is ≥8m (long distance fall), all buffer springs 35 are activated to decelerate quickly with a greater initial buffer force, so as to avoid rigid impact after the buffer stroke is exhausted.
[0019] In another embodiment, reference Figures 1-6 A placement groove 361 is symmetrically provided on the outer side of the fixed tube 36. A one-way air pump 362 is provided in the center of the fixed tube 36. Support rods 363 are symmetrically welded to the base of the one-way air pump 362. The top of the support rod 363 passes through the lower end face of the connecting block 342 and the reinforcing plate 32 and is fixedly connected. It can be understood that the connecting block 342 has a through hole for the support rod 363 to pass through and be installed. A T-shaped extension rod 364 is coaxially connected to the top piston rod of the one-way air pump 362. A compression plate 365 is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the fixed tube 36 and at the top of the T-shaped extension rod 364. When the position of the safety rope of the speed difference fall arrestor 2 is locked, the position of the support rod 363 is locked simultaneously, and the position of the one-way air pump 362 is no longer in a vertically downward position. Meanwhile, the fixed tube 36 will continue to descend, causing the extrusion plate 365 to move toward the T-shaped extension rod 364 and apply extrusion force to it. After being subjected to extrusion force, the T-shaped extension rod 364 will drive the piston rod at the top of the one-way air pump 362 to descend synchronously, compressing the gas stored inside the one-way air pump 362, so that the gas is ejected from the outlet end of the one-way air pump 362. An airbag 43 is provided on the outer side of the safety harness 4 along its design path. The air inlet of the airbag 43 passes through the counterweight plate 42 and is connected to and fixed to the air outlet of the one-way air pump 362. The air inlet of the airbag 43 directly receives the ejected gas, and the gas is directly delivered into the airbag 43, so that the airbag 43 inflates on the outer side of the safety harness 4 to form a flexible contact surface, further reducing the injury of the construction worker to the fall impact, while improving the comfort and safety during the protection process. This embodiment uses direct mechanical energy drive (i.e., the buffer part 3 works synchronously to drive the airbag 43 to inflate), without the need for any electronic components and power supply modules. The whole process is not affected by dust, humidity and temperature. Even if it is idle for a long time or in extreme environments, as long as the buffer part 3 is compressed and displaced, the inflation process can be triggered. On the other hand, there are no issues with signal interference or component aging. As long as the drop causes the buffer part 3 to move, the inflation action will start simultaneously, improving the reliability of protection and avoiding the risk of non-inflation caused by electronic failure from the root.
[0020] Furthermore, a support spring 366 is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped extension rod 364 and at the top of the one-way air pump 362. When the T-shaped extension rod 364 is displaced, the support spring 366 is compressed. For construction workers with smaller weights, a single spring can be used for buffering and adaptation, further expanding the applicability range.
[0021] Meanwhile, a limiting ring 331 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod 33. The distance between the upper end face of the limiting ring 331 and the lower end face of the reinforcing plate 32 is greater than the difference between the maximum stroke of the T-shaped extension rod 364 and the thickness of the connecting block 342. This can also be understood as... Figure 7 As shown, when the connecting block 342 is at the top of the T-shaped straight rod 33, the maximum descent of the connecting block 342 is less than the maximum descent of the piston rod of the one-way air pump 362. At this time, when the buffer section 3 is working, the piston rod and T-shaped extension rod 364 of the one-way air pump 362 will not cause impact to the top of the one-way air pump 362, and the one-way air pump 362 is not easily damaged during use.
[0022] The top of the limiting ring 331 is provided with a placement groove, and a buffer silicone pad is embedded in the placement groove to reduce the impact damage of the slider 341 to the limiting ring 331.
[0023] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building buildings, characterized in that, include: Positioning frame (1), the positioning frame (1) is placed horizontally on the top of the elevator shaft, and the positioning frame (1) is a component made of high-strength steel. The top lug of the differential fall arrester (2) is suspended in the center of the positioning frame (1), and the bottom safety rope of the differential fall arrester (2) is equipped with a load-bearing connecting seat. The buffer section (3) includes a load-bearing rope (31) that is directly fixedly connected to the load-bearing connecting seat. A reinforcing plate (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the load-bearing rope (31). T-shaped straight rods (33) are installed at equal angles along the bottom of the reinforcing plate (32). Displacement blocks (34) are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of multiple T-shaped straight rods (33). Buffer springs (35) are sleeved on the outer walls of the T-shaped straight rods (33) and located at the bottom of the displacement blocks (34). A fixing tube (36) is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the displacement blocks (34). Safety harness (4), the safety harness (4) is located directly below the buffer part (3), the top of the safety harness (4) is connected to a protective rope (41), the top of the protective rope (41) is fixedly installed with a counterweight plate (42), and the top of the protective rope (41) is connected to the bottom of the fixing tube (36) by a high-strength bolt.
2. The anti-fall device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning frame (1) is coaxially welded from a threaded rod (12) and symmetrically distributed square tubes (11). A threaded limiting cylinder (13) is symmetrically installed in the middle section of the threaded rod (12), and an adjusting nut (14) is symmetrically installed near both ends of the threaded rod (12). A positioning ring (15) is welded to the side of the adjusting nut (14) facing the square tube (11).
3. The anti-fall device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement block (34) includes a slider (341) that is directly sleeved on the outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod (33) at each position. A connecting block (342) is provided on the inner side of the multiple sliders (341), and the connecting block (342) and the multiple sliders (341) are all fixed with locking bolts (343).
4. The anti-fall device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed tube (36) has symmetrically provided placement slots (361) on its outer side. A one-way air pump (362) is provided in the center of the fixed tube (36). A support rod (363) is symmetrically welded to the base of the one-way air pump (362). The top of the support rod (363) passes through the connecting block (342) and is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the reinforcing plate (32). A T-shaped extension rod (364) is coaxially connected to the top piston rod of the one-way air pump (362). An extrusion plate (365) is symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the fixed tube (36) and at the top of the T-shaped extension rod (364). An airbag (43) is provided on the outer side of the safety harness (4) along its design path. The head of the airbag (43) passes through the counterweight plate (42) and is connected and fixed to the outlet of the one-way air pump (362).
5. A fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, A support spring (366) is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped extension rod (364) and at the top of the one-way air pump (362).
6. A fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the T-shaped straight rod (33) is fixedly installed with a limiting ring (331). The distance between the upper end face of the limiting ring (331) and the lower end face of the reinforcing plate (32) is greater than the difference between the maximum stroke of the T-shaped extension rod (364) and the thickness of the connecting block (342).
7. A fall protection device for elevator shaft construction in building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the limiting ring (331) is provided with a placement groove, and a buffer silicone pad is embedded in the placement groove.