Multi-layer perforated plate shock double control damper

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of multilayer perforated plate vibration and shock double-control damper, including double-control energy dissipation component, bearing assembly, limiting component and protective cover, the double-control energy dissipation component is located in bearing assembly middle, the limiting component is fixed in bearing assembly outer side;The double-control energy dissipation component includes middle energy dissipation body, middle fixed core, fixed friction plate, wherein middle fixed core penetrates middle energy dissipation body center, fixed friction plate includes two, respectively located in the upper and lower ends of middle energy dissipation body.The utility model has the advantages that:middle energy dissipation body improves total thickness and bearing capacity by multilayer superimposed perforated plate, and provides interface to carry out friction energy dissipation;And can realize vibration control by interlayer microslip and hole edge local yielding under daily wind vibration or small amplitude high frequency excitation;Under the action of seismic load, vibration energy is converted into heat energy dissipation by hole edge yielding, interface microcrack and re-adhesion and interlayer friction, and then vibration and shock double-control can be realized, with the double damping effect of small vibration energy absorption and strong shock energy dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction in building structures, specifically a multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, various damper technologies have been proposed and applied in building structures. Existing technologies mainly include viscous dampers, friction dampers, and spring dampers. These devices absorb vibration energy, reduce structural response, and improve seismic resistance. However, traditional dampers are often only suitable for vibrations of specific frequencies, and their energy absorption mechanisms are relatively simple, making them unable to cope with complex and variable vibration environments. Vibration-shock dual-control dampers aim to simultaneously control the vibration and shock (such as earthquake) responses of a structure. Patent CN108756410A, "A pre-compressed ring spring self-centering viscous damper," combines materials with both displacement-related energy dissipation (such as metal yield hysteresis energy dissipation) and velocity-related energy dissipation (such as viscous damping energy dissipation) mechanisms to form a vibration-shock dual-control damper. Representative examples of this core-cladding structure include shape memory alloy-friction composite dampers and metal-viscoelastic composite dampers. For example, in the field of seismic isolation bearings, lead cores are inserted into laminated rubber to form lead core seismic isolation bearings. This achieves composite energy dissipation by introducing the plastic deformation of metallic lead, on top of the rubber providing reset and a certain degree of damping. However, in traditional schemes, the core energy dissipation element is often a single rod or core material (such as a metal core rod or rubber core), which is then covered with another material layer. Although this structure is simple, its energy dissipation structure is limited and its performance in all directions may be asymmetrical. Due to the limitations of the structural form, such dampers often can only provide effective energy dissipation in a single direction, making them poorly adaptable to complex and multidimensional seismic motions. Especially under bidirectional seismic action (horizontal and vertical), traditional dampers struggle to achieve coordinated energy dissipation in both directions, resulting in insufficient lateral and longitudinal coupling control and significant differences in damping effect depending on the direction of the earthquake. When seismic motions originate from different directions, the mechanical response and energy dissipation efficiency of the damper will vary significantly, making it difficult to adapt to the simultaneous action of multidirectional earthquakes. Patent CN114033062A, “A self-resetting multi-directional seismic isolation bearing,” proposes arranging multiple energy-dissipating cores circumferentially in the damping unit to form an energy-dissipating array that is balanced in all directions to adapt to the simultaneous action of multi-directional earthquakes. Patent CN116623821A, “A metal composite damper and device,” also proposes changing the cross-section of the component to a special shape (such as an ellipse) to reduce stress concentration in a single direction, thereby achieving bidirectional energy dissipation.

[0003] However, the aforementioned patented solutions either increase structural complexity and volume, or are still limited by the inadequacy of a single energy dissipation method. In practical applications, they still suffer from problems such as insufficient horizontal and vertical energy dissipation coupling (the horizontal and vertical energy dissipation lacks a coupling and coordination mechanism, and the main energy dissipation components usually only deform in a certain direction), low energy dissipation efficiency and a single mechanism, and easy damage to local structures. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient longitudinal and transverse energy dissipation coupling, low energy dissipation efficiency, simple mechanism, and easy local damage in existing vibration dual-control dampers.

[0005] This utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper is characterized by comprising a dual-control energy dissipation component, a load-bearing component, a limiting component, and a protective cover. The dual-control energy dissipation component is located in the middle of the load-bearing component, and the limiting component is fixed to the outer side of the load-bearing component, thus fixing the load-bearing component and the dual-control energy dissipation component. The protective cover is located outside the dual-control energy dissipation component and is placed in the middle of the load-bearing component. The load-bearing component includes an upper load-bearing plate and a lower load-bearing plate, both of which are metal rectangular plate-shaped components with a certain thickness. The dual-control energy dissipation component includes a central energy dissipation body, a central fixing core, and a fixed friction plate. The central energy dissipation body comprises multiple rectangular plates, and the central fixing core penetrates through the center of the central energy dissipation body. The fixed friction plate comprises two pieces, located at the upper and lower ends of the central energy dissipation body, respectively. The limiting component comprises four limiting plates with a length longer than the central energy dissipation body.

[0006] This invention relates to a multi-layer perforated plate vibration-controlled damper. By employing a multi-layer perforated composite structural plate as the central energy dissipation body, it enhances the damper's balanced response to lateral and longitudinal (or two orthogonal directions) seismic forces, achieving coordinated vibration reduction in both directions. Through the connection between the perforated composite structural plates, a multi-level, multi-mechanism energy dissipation mode is introduced, forming a hierarchical energy dissipation coordinated control. Small earthquake energy dissipation, moderate earthquake energy dissipation, and large earthquake energy dissipation each correspond to different energy dissipation mechanisms, thereby significantly improving the overall energy dissipation efficiency and reliability. By dispersing deformation through the multi-layer plate structure, stress concentration at a single point is avoided, improving the damper's fatigue resistance and durability, and reducing the risk of local damage.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the central energy-consuming body includes a perforated plate with through holes formed by multiple layers stacked together. The center of the layer plate has a hole that cooperates with the central fixing core, and all the through holes are circular holes.

[0008] Multi-layer stacking can increase the total thickness and load-bearing capacity, and provide an interface for frictional energy dissipation. The layout of through holes will have different effects on the relevant performance of the central energy dissipation body. Different layout methods can be adopted according to actual needs, providing more options. The opening form of the round hole can effectively disperse the stress and avoid stress concentration.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the through holes of the perforated plate of the central energy dissipation body are arranged in a forward parallel through arrangement or in an oblique parallel through arrangement, and the perforation form of each layer of perforated plate that makes up the central energy dissipation body is consistent.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, each perforated plate of the central energy-consuming body is made of metal or composite material.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the porosity of each perforated plate in the central energy-consuming body shall not exceed 0.4.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the perforated plates of the central energy-consuming body are overlapped or spirally stacked; the holes between the perforated plates are staggered and fixed by adhesive bonding, and a limiting membrane is arranged between adjacent perforated plates and between the outermost plate and the sealing edge.

[0013] The layers are staggered to balance shear stiffness in all directions; the multiple layers are bonded together to ensure that they do not loosen under small amplitude vibrations. Under large shear forces, the membrane undergoes shear deformation and localized stick-slip, causing relative displacement between the layers and triggering frictional or viscous energy dissipation mechanisms. It also controls the maximum amount of interlayer slippage, avoiding direct contact wear between bare metal surfaces, while providing a certain restoring force to allow the layers to partially recover after slippage.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the fixed friction plate includes an upper fixed friction plate and a lower fixed friction plate, which are located on the upper and lower walls of the central energy-consuming body, respectively; the fixed friction plate has a hole in the middle position that matches the central fixed core.

[0015] The fixed friction plate tightly binds and secures the multi-layer perforated panels, clamping the ends of each layer together under pressure, and connecting them to the upper and lower load-bearing components via high-strength bolts. The fixed friction plate evenly distributes the reciprocating shear force from above to each energy-dissipating panel, preventing uneven stress on individual layers. Furthermore, the friction plate itself possesses sufficient rigidity to ensure that the ends of the multi-layer panels do not experience localized bending or detachment under cyclic loading.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the protective cover is a hollow cover, the shape of which is consistent with the central energy-consuming body. The protective cover includes, from the inside to the outside, an inner reinforced adhesive layer, a central heat insulation layer and an outer flame-retardant heat insulation layer, and the protective layers are tightly bonded together.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the bearing assembly includes an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly; the upper bearing assembly includes an upper bolt, an upper nut, an upper bearing plate, an upper fixing bolt, and an upper fixing nut, the upper bolt and the upper nut cooperating and fixing to the periphery of the upper bearing plate, the upper fixing bolt passing through the upper bearing plate and the upper fixing friction plate from top to bottom, and cooperating and fixing with the upper fixing nut; the lower bearing assembly includes a lower bolt, a lower nut, a lower bearing plate, a lower fixing bolt, and a lower fixing nut, the lower bolt and the lower nut cooperating and fixing to the periphery of the lower bearing plate, the lower fixing bolt passing through the lower bearing plate and the lower fixing friction plate from bottom to top, and cooperating and fixing with the lower fixing nut; the upper bearing plate is located on the upper wall of the upper fixing friction plate, and the lower bearing plate is located on the lower wall of the lower fixing friction plate.

[0018] The upper load-bearing component is located at the top of the damper and is used to connect and anchor the damper to the superstructure (such as a beam or column) to transfer loads to the middle energy-dissipating component. The lower load-bearing component is located at the bottom of the damper and is used to connect to the substructure (such as a column top, foundation, or another component) to receive the forces transmitted from the energy-dissipating component.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the limiting component includes a limiting plate, a limiting plate upper bolt, and a limiting plate lower bolt; the reserved screw hole at the upper part of the limiting plate is an oblong hole, the reserved screw hole at the lower part of the limiting plate is a round hole, and the middle part of the limiting plate adopts an arc design; the upper and lower ends of the limiting plate are respectively fixed to the sides of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate by the limiting plate upper bolt and the limiting plate lower bolt.

[0020] The limiting plate connects the upper and lower connecting plates, forming a continuous force-bearing system and avoiding the risk of local instability or separation of multi-layer perforated plates under large displacements. The upper part of the plate has an elongated hole, allowing for a certain amount of small displacement and relative slippage under earthquake or wind-induced vibration, preventing premature stress concentration due to rigid constraints. The lower part of the plate has a circular hole, forming a rigid limit. When the displacement exceeds the design threshold, it acts as a forced constraint, ensuring that the damper does not undergo uncontrolled deformation. The arc-shaped surface cut off in the middle forms a local weakening zone. When the limiting plate is subjected to alternating tension and compression, the arc-shaped area is the first to yield or undergo local plastic deformation, thus dissipating energy. This plate, together with the central limiting core and the multi-layer perforated plates, forms a multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism, improving the overall energy dissipation capacity of the damper. Especially under multiple cyclic loading, it can effectively disperse stress and prevent premature failure of individual components.

[0021] The advantages of this utility model are: (1) The device of this application dissipates energy in the plane through shear deformation by setting a central energy-dissipating body composed of multiple layers. The perforation layout of the thin plate is usually a symmetrical array with staggered arrangement between the two layers, while also providing an oblique arrangement scheme (angle between 30-60°) to balance the shear stiffness in all directions; the multi-layer stacking increases the total thickness and bearing capacity, and provides an interface for frictional energy dissipation. Under seismic load, the central energy-dissipating body undergoes shear deformation and interlayer slip, and dissipates the vibration energy into heat energy through hole edge yielding, material cracking and adhesion, and interlayer friction; (2) The protective cover of the device in this application is easy to disassemble, and the central energy dissipation body can be replaced after the earthquake. Through simple maintenance operations, the service life of the damper can be extended, while ensuring its repair capability after the earthquake. (3) The structural design of this device allows for adjustment of the material, number of layers, stacking method, and thin plate opening method of the central energy-consuming body according to requirements, enabling its flexible application in buildings of different sizes and natures. Compared with traditional vibration-controlled dampers, it offers greater design flexibility and a wider range of applications. Moreover, the relevant parameters of the cylinder can be adjusted according to actual needs, providing precise customization based on requirements. (4) The external limiting plate of this application adopts a rounded weakening design in the middle, which can effectively disperse stress when subjected to large shear forces, avoid local damage or failure, and play a "safety" role. The bolt holes at the upper part of the limiting plate adopt an elongated oval hole design. This design can allow a certain amount of small displacement and relative slippage under earthquake or wind vibration, and avoid premature high stress concentration due to rigid constraints. The design of the limiting plate can ensure the structural integrity while avoiding the overall failure of the system due to local wear. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the first embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the first embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the second embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the single-helix structure of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the third embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-helix structure of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the third embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the double-helix structure of the multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to the third embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Numbering on the map: 1. Dual-control energy-consuming component; 11. Central energy-consuming body; 12. Central fixed core; 13. Upper fixed friction plate; 14. Lower fixed friction plate; 2. Bearing assembly; 21. Upper bearing assembly; 211. Upper bearing plate; 212. Upper bolt; 213. Upper nut; 214. Upper fixing bolt; 215. Upper fixing nut; 22. Lower bearing assembly; 221. Lower bearing plate; 222. Lower bolt; 223. Lower nut; 224. Lower fixing bolt; 225. Lower fixing nut; 3. Limiting assembly; 31. Limiting plate; 32. Bolts on the upper limiting plate; 33. Bolts on the lower limiting plate; 4. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Example 1: Combination Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper, including a dual-control energy dissipation component 1, a load-bearing component 2, a limiting component 3, and a protective cover 4. The dual-control energy dissipation component 1 includes a central energy dissipation body 11, a central fixed core 12, an upper fixed friction plate 13, and a lower fixed friction plate 14, used to achieve dual vibration control; the load-bearing component 2 is located on the upper and lower surfaces of the dual-control energy dissipation component 1, used to withstand vibrations in the upper part of the structure and provide stable foundation support; the limiting component 2 is used to fix the load-bearing component 2 and the dual-control energy dissipation component 1, and to limit excessive deformation of the device; the protective cover 4 is used to protect the dual-control energy dissipation component 1.

[0026] Specifically, according to Figures 1-2As shown, in this embodiment, the dual-control energy dissipation component 1 serves as the core energy dissipation unit of the damper in this application. It includes a central energy dissipation body 11, a central fixed core 12, an upper fixed friction plate 13, and a lower fixed friction plate 14. The central energy dissipation body 11 is composed of multiple layers of square thin plates with through holes stacked together. These thin plates have a certain thickness (each layer's thickness can range from 1mm to 5mm), and multiple continuous through holes parallel to the front-back or left-right directions are opened in the thin plates. A hole matching the central fixed core 12 is opened in the middle of the thin plates. The material of each layer is either a metal material (such as high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel) or a composite material (such as multi-directionally laid carbon fiber plate). The layers are bonded together using a specific process and separated by a thin (generally 0.1–0.5 mm) polymer film layer with viscoelastic properties (this embodiment uses a polymer film, but the adhesive of this invention is not limited to polymer films) to control interfacial slippage. (The specific bonding process here refers to first uniformly coating a layer of adhesive such as epoxy or polyurethane on the surface of the layer, then attaching the polymer film and stacking the next layer, and so on, assembling layer by layer). The main functions of the polymer film layer are: ① Bonding and fixing: acting as an adhesive during manufacturing and assembly to bond the multilayer boards into a whole, ensuring that the layers do not loosen under small amplitude vibrations; ② Allowing slippage: under large shear forces, the polymer film layer will undergo shear deformation and localized stick-slip, causing relative displacement between the layers, thereby triggering a friction / viscous energy dissipation mechanism; ③ Limiting and buffering: controlling the maximum amount of slippage between layers, avoiding direct contact and wear of bare metal surfaces, and providing a certain restoring force so that the layers can partially return to their original position after slippage. The polymer film layer acts as an "invisible" energy-dissipating unit in the structure. Normally, the layers remain bonded, and during vibrations, it absorbs energy through internal deformation and viscous damping (the bonding method described in this embodiment is one way to connect multiple perforated composite panels, but it is not limited to this). The thickness of the central energy-dissipating body 11 is formed by the accumulation of layers. In this embodiment, the layers are stacked in a parallel, overlapping manner, and the perforations between the layers are staggered. That is, the holes between adjacent layers are not completely symmetrical, but rather staggered. The central fixing core 12 is a columnar component that can penetrate the pre-drilled holes in the central energy-dissipating body 11 and connect to the openings in the middle of the upper and lower fixing friction plates to restrict the movement of the central fixing core 12. The central fixing core 12 penetrates the central energy-dissipating body 11 to restrict the overall small displacement of the central energy-dissipating body 11, and simultaneously, under the shear tension of the central energy-dissipating body 11, it causes the building to automatically return to its original position. The upper fixed friction plate 13 and the lower fixed friction plate 14 are thin plate-shaped components with the same shape and size. The length and width of the upper fixed friction plate 13 and the lower fixed friction plate 14 are slightly larger than the length and width of the middle energy dissipation body 11, so that the friction plates can completely cover the middle energy dissipation body 11.The upper fixed friction plate 13 is tightly attached to the upper wall of the middle energy dissipator 11, located between the upper bearing plate 211 and the middle energy dissipator 11. The lower fixed friction plate 14 is tightly attached to the lower wall of the middle energy dissipator 11, located between the lower bearing plate 221 and the middle energy dissipator 11. The upper and lower fixed friction plates have pre-set holes in their middle sections that match the middle fixed core 12 to limit the displacement of the middle fixed core 12. The upper and lower fixed friction plates mainly function as clamping, force transmission, and friction energy dissipation. They tightly bind and fix the multi-layer perforated plate, causing the ends of each layer to be clamped together under pressure. Simultaneously, they are connected to the upper and lower bearing plates by high-strength bolts. The upper and lower fixed friction plates evenly distribute the reciprocating shear force transmitted from the upper part to each layer of energy dissipator, avoiding uneven stress on a single layer. Furthermore, the fixed friction plates themselves have sufficient rigidity to ensure that the ends of the multi-layer perforated plate do not locally bend or detach under cyclic loads.

[0027] The central energy-dissipating body 11 is composed of multi-layer perforated plates. The rational layout of multiple holes ensures a uniform distribution of the yield zone of the plates. Under repeated stress, it can dissipate a large amount of seismic input energy through repeated buckling-plastic deformation. While perforated plates may experience crack initiation and propagation under ultimate stress, the porous structure effectively restrains crack paths, allowing cracks to propagate around the holes, which is beneficial for absorbing impact loads. The multi-layer plate structure makes it difficult for microcracks on a single layer to penetrate the entire energy-dissipating body. Cracks are hindered or redirected at interlayer interfaces, extending the failure path and further absorbing energy while preventing overall brittle fracture. The staggered arrangement of adjacent perforated plates causes asynchronous slip between layers, resulting in smoother hysteresis and a larger area of ​​slip. During shear deformation, micro-slippage and friction occur between the layers and between the layers and the sealing / limiting membrane layers in multilayer laminated structures. Interlayer friction provides additional damping energy dissipation: at small deformations, the interlayer bonding results in high overall stiffness; when the load increases beyond the interfacial friction, relative slippage between the layers begins, initiating frictional energy dissipation and acting as a "second line of defense." This multi-interfacial friction mechanism enables the damper to effectively dissipate energy under different vibration amplitudes, forming a graded energy dissipation mode. like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the bearing component 2 includes an upper bearing component 21 and a lower bearing component 22. The upper bearing component 21 includes an upper bearing plate 211, an upper bolt 212, an upper nut 213, an upper fixing bolt 214, and an upper fixing nut 215. The lower bearing component 22 includes a lower bearing plate 221, a lower bolt 222, a lower nut 223, a lower fixing bolt 224, and a lower fixing nut 225. The upper bearing plate 211 and the lower bearing plate 221 are two rectangular plate-shaped components of the same size and a certain thickness. Their length and width are both greater than the fixed friction plate. The upper bearing plate 211 is located above the central energy dissipation body 11, and the lower bearing plate 221 is located below the central energy dissipation body 11. The two are arranged symmetrically, and each has bolt holes on its four sides. Upper bolts 212 are arranged at the four corners of the upper wall of the upper bearing plate 211, with at least one bolt at each corner. Each upper bolt 212 passes through the upper bearing plate 211 and engages with an upper nut 213 located on the lower wall of the upper bearing plate 211, fixing it at the four corners of the upper bearing plate 211. Lower bolts 222 are arranged at the four corners of the lower wall of the lower bearing plate 221, with at least one bolt at each corner. Each lower bolt 222 passes through the lower bearing plate 221 and engages with a lower nut 223 located on the upper wall of the lower bearing plate 221, fixing it at the four corners of the lower bearing plate 221, serving as a basic support component. Upper fixing bolts 214 pass through the upper bearing plate 211 and the upper fixing friction plate 13 sequentially from top to bottom, engaging with an upper fixing nut 215 to fix the upper bearing plate 211 and the upper fixing friction plate 13. The lower fixing bolt 224 passes through the lower bearing plate 221 and the lower fixing friction plate 14 from bottom to top, and cooperates with the lower fixing nut 225 to fix the lower bearing plate 221 and the lower fixing friction plate 14. The upper bearing assembly 21 is mainly used to connect and anchor the damper to the superstructure and transfer the vibration load from the upper part to the damper; the lower bearing assembly is mainly used to connect the lower structure, provide support for the entire damper, bear the vibration from the upper part, and effectively disperse stress. The bearing assembly 2 adopts bolt connection, which can be quickly installed and disassembled, facilitating on-site equipment, daily maintenance, and post-earthquake maintenance.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the limiting component 3 includes a limiting plate 31, upper limiting bolts 32, and lower limiting bolts 33. The limiting plate 31 is a plate-shaped component with a length greater than the central energy-consuming body 11, and is tapered inward in an arc shape in the middle, forming a waisted plate that is wider at the top and bottom and narrower in the middle, with corresponding bolt holes reserved at both the top and bottom. The limiting plate 31 is made of spring steel plate or elastic alloy. The upper part of the limiting plate 31 has a pre-reserved oblong screw hole, and the lower part of the limiting plate 31 has a pre-reserved circular screw hole; the upper limiting bolts 32 pass through the bolt holes of the limiting plate and the bolt holes reserved in the upper bearing plate 211, and the lower limiting bolts 33 pass through the bolt holes of the limiting plate and the bolt holes reserved in the lower bearing plate 221, together fixing the limiting plate 31 to the four sides of the upper and lower bearing plates. The limiting component 3 is used to fix the upper load-bearing component 21, the dual-control energy dissipation component 1, and the lower load-bearing component 22 into a whole, forming a continuous force-bearing system and avoiding the risk of local instability or separation of the vibration dual-control damper under large displacement. The upper part of the limiting plate 31 is designed with an elongated hole, allowing for a certain amount of small displacement and relative slippage under earthquake or wind-induced vibration, preventing premature stress concentration due to rigid constraints. The lower part of the limiting plate 31 is a circular hole, forming a rigid limit. When the displacement exceeds the design value, it acts as a forced constraint, ensuring that the damper does not undergo uncontrolled deformation. The arc-shaped surface cut off in the middle forms a local weakening zone. When the limiting plate 31 is subjected to alternating tension and compression, the arc-shaped area first undergoes yielding or local plastic deformation, thereby dissipating energy. This plate, together with the dual-control energy dissipation component 1, forms a multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism, improving the overall energy dissipation capacity of the damper. Especially under multiple cyclic loading, it can effectively disperse stress and prevent premature failure of a single component.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the protective cover 4 is a square hollow cylindrical component with a length and width slightly larger than the fixed friction plate and a height slightly larger than the central energy dissipation body 11. The protective cover 4 completely covers the entire damper cylinder structure area, including the upper and lower fixed friction plates, the bolt connection area, and the central energy dissipation body 11. From the outside to the inside, the protective cover 4 consists of: an outer flame-retardant and heat-insulating layer made of high-performance composite materials (such as fluorosilicone rubber coated with fiberglass fabric), which has high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, and UV protection capabilities; a central heat insulation layer made of polyurethane foam, aerogel, or closed-cell foam material, which effectively isolates the influence of external temperature fluctuations on the performance of the rubber core; an inner reinforced bonding layer bonded to the outer wall of the metal cylinder or the square reinforced shell with high-elasticity sealant or structural adhesive to ensure long-term service stability; and an auxiliary wear-resistant inner lining layer (optional): if used in dusty or frequently vibrating environments, an additional wear-resistant polymer lining can be added to improve service life. The overall cover is made by flexible molding or multi-piece splicing, which facilitates post-vibration inspection or replacement of the internal core unit and is conducive to on-site installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0030] Based on the actual situation in this embodiment, when the structure is subjected to slight vibration, the top connecting plate and the bottom connecting plate generate a small relative displacement, which is transmitted to the middle multi-layer perforated composite structural plate. At this time, the amplitude is small, and the perforated plates of each layer mainly undergo shear deformation within the elastic range, with the layers basically maintaining adhesion and not slipping. The adhesive material adhering between the plate layers provides a certain viscous damping, absorbing a small amount of vibration energy. At the same time, the middle fixed core 12 and the limiting component 3 jointly constrain the whole, keeping the energy dissipation element maintaining overall stability. The damper exhibits high initial stiffness, ensuring the stability of the structure under micro-disturbances. As the seismic vibration intensifies, the shear force and displacement transmitted to the damper increase. When the interlayer shear force exceeds the interfacial friction threshold, interlayer slippage begins, and the adhesive layer (polymer film) is stretched and sheared, providing significant viscous energy dissipation. Friction between the multilayer plates begins to dissipate energy, and the locating core, through its engagement with the holes in the friction plate, restricts small-scale overall displacement, maintaining structural integrity. The elongated holes receiving the locating plate allow for minute slippage, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid constraints. Simultaneously, its weakened arc-shaped energy-dissipating surface gradually yields under repeated tension and compression, generating plastic energy dissipation. This stage primarily forms the first energy dissipation mechanism (friction and polymer viscoelastic energy dissipation + local arc-shaped plastic energy dissipation), corresponding to moderate vibration, where a large amount of energy is dissipated at the plate-layer interfaces and locally weakened areas. When a strong earthquake occurs, the shear deformation experienced by the damper increases further. A plastic hinge forms around the perforated plate holes, initiating hysteretic energy dissipation and constituting a second energy dissipation mechanism (metallic plastic energy dissipation). The lower circular hole of the receiving and limiting plate acts as a rigid limit, preventing uncontrolled deformation of the device. The limiting core and the upper and lower friction plates continuously constrain the device, maintaining overall stability and preventing layer separation or local instability. During this process, frictional energy dissipation, polymer viscous energy dissipation, and plate plastic energy dissipation occur in parallel, forming a multi-level superimposed energy dissipation system. This ensures that even under a strong earthquake, the device can still absorb most of the input energy, resulting in a full hysteresis curve and a significantly improved equivalent damping ratio. After the earthquake, the limiting core, through the rebound effect of the upper and lower friction plates, assists the multi-layer plates in returning to their initial positions. The viscoelastic restoring force of the polymer film provides support, gradually recovering interlayer slippage. The reversible deformation of the arc-shaped energy dissipation zone of the receiving and limiting plate also provides some rebound for repositioning. Due to the dispersed plastic deformation, the residual deformation of the multi-layer metal plates is relatively small, and each layer partially cancels out the strain. Overall, the damper of this invention has a certain self-resetting ability after an earthquake, with small residual displacement, and can maintain long-term shock absorption performance.

[0031] Example 2: According to the appendix Figure 3As shown, the main difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the perforation method of the multi-layer perforated plate constituting the central energy dissipation body; other parts are completely identical. In this embodiment, the perforation method of the holes in the perforated plate differs from the parallel horizontal arrangement in Embodiment 1; instead, they are arranged obliquely in parallel. In this embodiment, an oblique 45° arrangement is used. (This embodiment uses an oblique 45° arrangement, but the actual oblique angle can be between 30-60°.) The oblique arrangement of the holes in the perforated plate can balance the shear stiffness in all directions, resulting in better seismic performance when dealing with complex multi-directional vibrations.

[0032] Example 3: The main difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 lies in the stacking method of the multi-layer perforated plates that make up the central energy-dissipating body; the other parts are the same. In Embodiment 3, the stacking method of the multi-layer perforated plates utilizes the principle of impact-resistant energy dissipation. Instead of an overlapping stacking method, a spiral stacking method is used to form a spiral structure or a double-helix structure. This structure can deflect and dissipate energy when subjected to impact shear waves, preventing crack propagation and thus significantly improving impact resistance and vibration reduction capabilities.

[0033] In Example 3, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the multi-layer perforated plates are stacked in a single spiral pattern. The bottom perforated plate is placed facing forward. The second perforated plate is rotated 5° relative to the bottom plate in a certain direction, and the third perforated plate is rotated 10° relative to the bottom plate in the same direction. This rotation continues upwards, forming a quasi-spiral perforation distribution. (This equal-division rotation angle strategy ensures the continuity of the torsional shape and the feasibility of manufacturing and assembly, while also making interlayer misalignment and stress distribution more uniform, which is beneficial for triggering multi-crack or multi-layer energy dissipation modes, improving energy absorption and damage tolerance.) Or as... Figure 6 As shown, a perforated plate is used as the base plate, and another identical perforated plate is rotated 90° and stacked on the base plate to form a composite perforated plate. Using the composite perforated plate as a rotation unit, the first composite perforated plate is arranged facing forward at the bottom layer. The second composite perforated plate is rotated 5° relative to the first composite perforated plate in a certain direction, and the third composite perforated plate is rotated 10° relative to the first composite perforated plate in the same direction, and so on, spiraling upwards to form a "double helix" perforation distribution. This configuration can be used for both horizontal and diagonal perforation arrangements. (In this embodiment, 5° is used as the upward gradient; this angle is only one possible method, and the specific degree depends on the number of plates. The preferred single-layer rotation angle is 3°-10°, and the preferred cumulative rotation angle is 30°-120°).

[0034] The central energy-consuming element adopts a spiral stacking structure, which has the following advantages: ① Layered energy consumption and crack propagation control Under earthquake or wind-induced vibration, the relative misalignment between spirally distributed layers makes it easier to induce multiple delaminations during shear or bending deformation, rather than through cracks appearing at a single interface. This multi-layer delamination mechanism effectively prevents cross-layer cracks from propagating rapidly along a single plane, improving the structure's damage tolerance. Compared to parallel perforated plates, the spirally stacked perforations exhibit higher resistance to crack propagation.

[0035] ② Interlayer stress regulation and predictability Finite element analysis shows that the spiral hole arrangement generates greater shear stress between layers, but the stress distribution is more uniform, and the delamination location can be accurately predicted. This means that under cyclic loading, the energy release path is no longer concentrated at a single interface, but diffuses along multiple interlayers, thereby delaying local failure and improving overall stability.

[0036] ③ Enhanced energy absorption capacity The double-helix combination exhibits a superior hybrid failure mode under complex stress conditions, significantly improving energy dissipation efficiency under the combined effects of plastic deformation, frictional energy dissipation, and delamination crack propagation. Experimental evidence shows that the double-helix configuration significantly improves energy absorption compared to the single-helix structure, reaching over 30% to 110%. This enables the damper to exhibit stronger toughness and energy redundancy under large earthquake conditions.

[0037] ④ Mechanical property stability and resistance to susceptibility Within a limited pitch angle range, the double-helix structure exhibits lower sensitivity to fiber orientation, loading rate, and intermediate plane construction, demonstrating a more stable mechanical response. This characteristic is particularly crucial in high-frequency, variable-load environments such as earthquakes, preventing a sharp decline in performance due to local parameter deviations and thus ensuring the reliability of the damper during long-term service.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in the invention are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper, characterized in that, The device includes a dual-control energy-consuming component, a load-bearing component, a limiting component, and a protective cover. The dual-control energy-consuming component is located in the middle of the load-bearing component. The limiting component is fixed to the outer side of the load-bearing component, fixing the load-bearing component and the dual-control energy-consuming component. The protective cover is located outside the dual-control energy-consuming component and placed in the middle of the load-bearing component. The load-bearing component includes an upper load-bearing plate and a lower load-bearing plate, both of which are metal rectangular plate-shaped components with a certain thickness. The dual-control energy-consuming component includes a central energy-consuming body, a central fixing core, and a fixing friction plate. The central energy-consuming body includes multiple rectangular plates. The central fixing core passes through the center of the central energy-consuming body. The fixing friction plate includes two pieces, located at the upper and lower ends of the central energy-consuming body, respectively. The limiting component includes four limiting plates with a length longer than the central energy-consuming body.

2. The multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central energy-consuming body includes a perforated plate with through holes formed by multiple layers. The center of each layer has a hole that mates with the central fixing core. All through holes are circular.

3. The multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The through holes of the perforated plate of the central energy dissipator are arranged in a straight parallel or oblique parallel arrangement, and the perforation pattern of each layer of the perforated plate that makes up the central energy dissipator is consistent.

4. The multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each perforated plate in the central energy-consuming body is made of metal or composite material.

5. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The porosity of each perforated plate in the central energy-consuming body shall not exceed 0.

4.

6. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The perforated plates of the central energy-consuming body are overlapped or spirally stacked; the holes between the perforated plates are staggered and fixed by adhesive; and limiting films are arranged between adjacent perforated plates and between the outermost plate and the sealing edge.

7. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed friction plate includes an upper fixed friction plate and a lower fixed friction plate, which are located on the upper and lower walls of the central energy-consuming body, respectively; the fixed friction plate has a matching hole in the middle position to match the central fixed core.

8. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover is a hollow cover, and its shape is consistent with the central energy-consuming body. The protective cover includes an inner reinforced adhesive layer, a central heat insulation layer and an outer flame-retardant heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside. The protective layers are tightly bonded together.

9. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load-bearing assembly includes an upper load-bearing assembly and a lower load-bearing assembly. The upper load-bearing assembly includes an upper bolt, an upper nut, an upper load-bearing plate, an upper fixing bolt, and an upper fixing nut. The upper bolt and the upper nut cooperate to fix the upper load-bearing plate around its perimeter. The upper fixing bolt passes through the upper load-bearing plate and the upper fixing friction plate from top to bottom and is fixed with the upper fixing nut. The lower load-bearing assembly includes a lower bolt, a lower nut, a lower load-bearing plate, a lower fixing bolt, and a lower fixing nut. The lower bolt and the lower nut cooperate to fix the lower load-bearing plate around its perimeter. The lower fixing bolt passes through the lower load-bearing plate and the lower fixing friction plate from bottom to top and is fixed with the lower fixing nut. The upper load-bearing plate is located on the upper wall of the upper fixing friction plate, and the lower load-bearing plate is located on the lower wall of the lower fixing friction plate.

10. A multi-layer perforated plate vibration dual-control damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a limiting plate, a limiting plate upper bolt, and a limiting plate lower bolt; the upper part of the limiting plate has a pre-drilled oblong screw hole, the lower part of the limiting plate has a pre-drilled circular screw hole, and the middle part of the limiting plate adopts an arc design; the upper and lower ends of the limiting plate are respectively fixed to the sides of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate by the limiting plate upper bolt and the limiting plate lower bolt.

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