A composite elastic sealing gasket capable of enhancing waterproof performance of a segment joint

Abstract

The application relates to a composite elastic sealing pad capable of enhancing the waterproof performance of a pipe joint, and relates to the technical field of shield engineering, which comprises a sealing pad, a connecting mechanism is slidably connected in the interior of the sealing pad, and a protection mechanism is fixedly connected in the interior of the sealing pad; the connecting mechanism comprises a sliding shell, the outer side of the sliding shell is slidably connected in the interior of the sealing pad, the inner side of the sealing pad is fixedly connected with a limiting block, the sliding shell is fixedly connected with a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting groove, the outer side of the limiting groove is fixedly connected in the interior of the sliding shell, and the inner side of the sliding shell is provided with a placing groove. The application has the effects of realizing positioning and guiding displacement control, forming physical sealing under the normal state of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) with high elasticity, filling gaps through volume expansion of the EPDM after the EPDM meets water, and constituting a double waterproof system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to tunnel boring machine (TBM) engineering, and in particular to a composite elastic sealing gasket that can enhance the waterproof performance of segment joints. Background Technology

[0002] This composite elastic sealing gasket, which enhances the waterproofing performance of tunnel segment joints, is a crucial component for waterproofing pipe joints in prefabricated underground engineering projects such as tunnel boring machines. It is composed of EPDM rubber and water-swellable rubber. Its structure facilitates installation; during operation, the EPDM rubber initially fills the gaps, and the water-swellable rubber provides secondary waterproofing upon contact with water. This sealing gasket not only boasts excellent waterproofing performance but also exhibits strong adaptability to deformation, good durability, and a simple and convenient construction process. It can be widely used in infrastructure, water conservancy, and subway projects, effectively ensuring the waterproofing effect of the project.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211524848U, which discloses a composite elastic sealing gasket that enhances the waterproofing performance of tunnel segment joints. The gasket includes a sealing gasket body with an installation end that can extend into the waterproof groove of a tunnel segment. One side of the installation end of the sealing gasket body is a water-facing side for approaching the water-facing side of the tunnel segment, and the other side is a water-repellent side for approaching the backwater side of the tunnel segment. Water-swellable rubber is provided on the installation end of the sealing gasket body at a position corresponding to the water-repellent side of the sealing gasket body. This composite elastic sealing gasket, by providing water-swellable rubber on the water-repellent side of the sealing gasket body for approaching the backwater side of the tunnel segment, effectively prevents groundwater from entering the tunnel through the joints when the sealing gasket body is not tightly fitted within the waterproof groove of the tunnel segment or under water pressure. This enhances the waterproofing performance of the tunnel segment joints, reduces leakage, and ensures the safety of structural construction and operation.

[0004] The aforementioned patent specification mentions that the "composite elastic sealing gasket, by placing water-swellable rubber on the backwater side of the sealing gasket body near the backwater surface of the tunnel segment, can effectively prevent groundwater from entering the tunnel through the joints when the sealing gasket body is not tightly fitted in the waterproof groove of the segment or under water pressure, thereby enhancing the waterproof performance of the segment joints, reducing leakage, and ensuring the safety of structural construction and operation." While the aforementioned patent can reduce leakage and ensure the safety of structural construction and operation, it cannot achieve the effect of rapid fixing of the sealing gasket. Therefore, a composite elastic sealing gasket that can enhance the waterproof performance of segment joints is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a composite elastic sealing gasket that can enhance the waterproof performance of segment joints, aiming to improve the problem of the inability to quickly install sealing rings.

[0006] The composite elastic sealing gasket provided in this application, which can enhance the waterproof performance of pipe segment joints, adopts the following technical solution: it includes a sealing gasket, a connecting mechanism is slidably connected inside the sealing gasket, and a protective mechanism is fixedly connected inside the sealing gasket; The connecting mechanism includes a sliding shell, the outer side of which is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing gasket, a limiting block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing gasket, and a limiting component is fixedly connected to the sliding shell; The above technical solution involves a connecting mechanism and a protective mechanism on the inner side of the sealing gasket. In the connecting mechanism, the outer side of the sliding shell can slide inside the sealing gasket, and the limiting block fixed inside it cooperates with the limiting component on the sliding shell. When the sliding shell slides inside the sealing gasket, the limiting block can be embedded in the groove or track of the limiting component. By rotating the sliding shell, the limiting block can be locked into a specific limiting point, thereby achieving the positioning and fixation of the sliding shell inside the sealing gasket. The protective mechanism is wrapped around the key parts inside the sealing gasket. When the connecting mechanism slides or is subjected to force, the protective mechanism reduces frictional loss through a buffer structure, preventing wear of the internal components of the sealing gasket due to frequent sliding, ensuring smooth sliding of the connecting mechanism and stable sealing gasket structure.

[0007] Preferably, the limiting component includes a limiting groove, the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding shell, and the inner side of the sliding shell is provided with a placement groove; By adopting the above technical solution, in the limiting component, the limiting groove is fixed inside the sliding shell. The groove has a spiral or stepped structure. The placement groove inside the sliding shell is connected to the limiting groove, which can accommodate the embedding of pipe components. When the pipe slides into the placement groove, rotating the sliding shell can cause the limiting groove to drive the pipe component into a specific limiting node. The locking and positioning of the connection structure is achieved by changing the shape of the groove.

[0008] Preferably, the protective mechanism includes an EPDM elastic sealing gasket, the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket, and a water-swellable rubber layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the EPDM elastic sealing gasket. By adopting the above technical solution, in the protection mechanism, the EPDM elastic sealing gasket is fixed inside the sealing gasket, and the water-swellable rubber layer is attached to its outer side. The EPDM elastic sealing gasket can fill the gap through elastic deformation, and the water-swellable rubber layer will slowly expand after contact with water. The two work together to form a double waterproof structure. When the sealing gasket is squeezed or the joint is deformed, it can adaptively adjust the sealing state and enhance the waterproof reliability.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing gasket has a groove inside; By adopting the above technical solution, the groove inside the sealing gasket has a ring or straight structure that matches the outer contour of the sliding shell. The inner wall of the groove is smooth and has guide patterns, which can guide the sliding shell to slide along a specific trajectory while limiting its radial offset, thus ensuring the stability and accuracy of the connecting mechanism when it slides inside the sealing gasket.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the sliding shell is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove; By adopting the above technical solution, the outer side of the sliding shell is closely fitted with the inner wall of the sliding groove, and can slide back and forth along the track of the sliding groove. The gap between the two is precise, ensuring that the sliding shell slides without jamming and is accurately positioned.

[0011] Preferably, the outer side of the limiting block is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting groove; By adopting the above technical solution, the outer side of the limiting block slides in conjunction with the inner wall of the limiting groove, and can move in the groove trajectory when the sliding shell rotates, thereby achieving limiting and unlocking through the slot structure.

[0012] Preferably, a reinforcing fiber layer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the water-swellable rubber layer; By adopting the above technical solution, a reinforcing fiber layer is bonded to the outside of the water-swellable rubber layer. The fiber layer enhances the tensile strength with a grid structure, suppresses the deformation of the rubber during expansion, and improves the overall structural strength.

[0013] Preferably, the outer side of the reinforcing fiber layer is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket; By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the outer side of the fiber layer and the inner wall of the sealing gasket is strengthened. The layered structure disperses external pressure, enhances the overall tear resistance of the sealing gasket, and ensures the stability of the internal component structure.

[0014] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In this utility model, by using a sliding shell in conjunction with a limiting block and a placement groove, and the limiting block in conjunction with the limiting groove, the displacement can be controlled by positioning and guiding. Under normal conditions, EPDM rubber forms a physical seal with high elasticity, and water-swellable rubber fills the gaps by expanding its volume after encountering water. The two constitute a double waterproof system.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, the EPDM elastic sealing gasket is combined with a water-swellable rubber layer, the water-swellable rubber layer is combined with a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fiber layer is combined with a groove, thereby achieving multiple advantages in terms of sealing, waterproofing, and adaptability to deformation. Through the synergy of material properties and structural design, multi-dimensional advantages are built. Under normal conditions, the EPDM rubber forms a physical seal with high elasticity, and the water-swellable rubber fills the gaps by expanding in volume after encountering water. The two constitute a dual waterproof system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a composite elastic sealing gasket that can enhance the waterproof performance of pipe segment joints according to the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the sliding shell of a composite elastic sealing gasket that can enhance the waterproof performance of pipe segment joints according to this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Sealing gasket; 2. Protective mechanism; 21. EPDM elastic sealing gasket; 22. Water-swellable rubber layer; 23. Reinforcing fiber layer; 24. Slide groove; 3. Connecting mechanism; 31. Sliding shell; 32. Limiting block; 33. Limiting component; 331. Limiting groove; 332. Placement groove. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0018] Example: A composite elastic sealing gasket that enhances the waterproofing performance of segment joints, refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The system includes a sealing gasket 1, which is the core component. Its internal structure is designed to serve the overall waterproof function. The sealing gasket 1 has a groove 24 inside, which is circular in shape. The guide pattern on the inner wall can guide the connecting mechanism 3 to slide along a preset path. At the same time, the radial displacement is limited by the precise groove wall spacing. The connecting mechanism 3 is slidably connected inside the sealing gasket 1. The outer side of the sliding shell 31 of the connecting mechanism 3 is precisely fitted with the groove 24 and can slide back and forth along the groove 24. This sliding design facilitates positioning and adjustment during installation. The sealing gasket 1 is fixedly connected to a protective mechanism 2. The EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21 in the protective mechanism 2 fills the joint gap through elastic deformation and maintains low stress relaxation characteristics under dynamic load, thus maintaining a long-term seal. Specifically, the sealing gasket 1, as the core waterproof component, has an internal groove 24 with a circular trajectory. The guide lines on its inner wall and the precise groove spacing can guide the sliding of the connecting mechanism 3 and limit radial displacement. The sliding shell 31 of the connecting mechanism 3 is precisely matched with the groove 24, which facilitates installation, positioning and adjustment. The sealing gasket 1 also has a protective mechanism 2 fixed inside. Its EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21 fills the joint gap through elastic deformation, maintains low stress relaxation characteristics under dynamic load, and maintains long-term sealing.

[0019] The connecting mechanism 3 includes a sliding shell 31, which serves as the main body of the connecting mechanism 3. Its outer structure forms a sliding connection structure adapted to the sliding groove 24 and the interior of the sealing gasket 1. The outer side of the sliding shell 31 is slidably connected to the interior of the sliding groove 24. The inner wall of the sliding groove 24 is tightly fitted to the outer side of the sliding shell 31. The gap between the two is precise, which can guide the sliding shell 31 to slide stably along the trajectory of the sliding groove 24, ensuring the positioning accuracy during installation. The outer side of the sliding shell 31 is slidably connected to the interior of the sealing gasket 1. The interior of the sealing gasket 1 provides a sliding track for the sliding shell 31. This track is connected to the sliding groove 24, allowing the sliding shell 31 to slide back and forth within the sealing gasket 1, facilitating position adjustment during pipe installation. A limiting block 32 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing gasket 1. The limiting block 32 protrudes from the inner surface of the sealing gasket 1, and its shape matches the groove structure of the limiting component 33. It is used to engage with the corresponding limiting point when the sliding shell 31 rotates, thereby locking the connecting mechanism 3. The limiting component 33 is fixedly connected to the sliding shell 31. The limiting component 33 includes structures such as the limiting groove 331, which cooperate with the limiting block 32. When the sliding shell 31 rotates, the limiting block 32 can move within the limiting groove 331 and engage at the corner, thereby limiting the displacement of the sliding shell 31 and completing the fixation of the connecting mechanism 3. Specifically, the connecting mechanism 3 is based on a sliding shell 31. Its outer side forms a precise sliding fit with the sliding groove 24 inside the sealing gasket 1. The inner wall of the sliding groove 24 fits tightly with the outer side of the sliding shell 31, and the fitting gap is precise. This can guide the sliding shell 31 to slide stably along the trajectory of the sliding groove 24, ensuring installation positioning accuracy. The sliding shell 31 can slide back and forth in the sealing gasket 1, which facilitates position adjustment during pipeline installation. The limiting block 32 fixed inside the sealing gasket 1 has a shape that matches the groove structure of the limiting component 33 on the sliding shell 31. When the sliding shell 31 rotates, the limiting block 32 can move in the limiting groove 331 and lock into the corner, thereby limiting the displacement of the sliding shell 31 and realizing the locking and fixing of the connecting mechanism 3.

[0020] The limiting component 33 includes a limiting groove 331, which has a spiral or stepped structure and is fixed inside the sliding shell 31. The groove's trajectory is designed to guide the movement of the limiting block 32 and achieve limiting. The outer side of the limiting block 32 is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting groove 331, and the limiting block 32 slides against the inner wall of the limiting groove 331. When the sliding shell 31 rotates, the limiting block 32 can move along the groove trajectory to a specific corner and lock, thereby limiting the rotational displacement of the sliding shell 31. The outer side of the limiting groove 331 is fixedly connected to... Inside the sliding shell 31, the limiting groove 331 is connected to the placement groove 332 on the inner side of the sliding shell 31. The fixed connection method ensures that when the sliding shell 31 is rotated, the groove structure can drive the limiting block 32 to move synchronously, thereby locking the connection mechanism 3. The inner side of the sliding shell 31 is provided with a placement groove 332, which is used to accommodate the embedded pipe component. The groove depth matches the outer diameter of the pipe. When the pipe slides into the placement groove 332, it can be stably fixed in the sealing gasket 1 in conjunction with the rotation limit of the limiting groove 331. Specifically, the limiting component 33 includes a limiting groove 331 fixed inside the sliding shell 31, which is spiral or stepped. The groove trajectory is used to guide the movement of the limiting block 32 and limit its position. The limiting block 32 slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the limiting groove 331. When the sliding shell 31 rotates, the limiting block 32 can be inserted into the corner along the groove trajectory to limit the rotational displacement of the sliding shell 31. The limiting groove 331 is connected to the placement groove 332 on the inner side of the sliding shell 31. When the sliding shell 31 is rotated, the limiting block 32 can be driven to move to lock the connecting mechanism 3. The placement groove 332 is used to embed the pipe component and cooperate to limit and fix the pipe.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The protective mechanism 2 includes an EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21. The EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21 fills the gap between the pipe segment joints through elastic deformation. With its stable molecular structure, it maintains low stress relaxation characteristics in complex environments and can maintain efficient sealing under extreme working conditions and dynamic loads. The outer side of the EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket 1, and its outer side forms a fixed connection with the inner wall of the sealing gasket 1 to ensure that it remains stable in position during the assembly and extrusion of the pipe segments and continues to play a preliminary waterproofing role. A water-swellable rubber layer 22 is fixedly connected to the outside of the EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21. The water-swellable rubber layer 22 is tightly bonded to the EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21. When exposed to water, it expands by combining with water molecules through hydrophilic groups. It can adaptively fill the gap changes caused by structural settlement or displacement, forming a second waterproof barrier. A reinforcing fiber layer 23 is fixedly connected to the outside of the water-swellable rubber layer 22. The reinforcing fiber layer 23 is bonded to the outside of the water-swellable rubber layer 22 in a grid structure. Through the synergistic effect of the fiber and the substrate, it enhances the tensile, compressive and tear resistance and inhibits deformation under high temperature and high humidity conditions. The outside of the reinforcing fiber layer 23 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket 1. Its outside is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing gasket 1. Through the layered structure, it disperses external pressure, improves the fatigue resistance of the protective mechanism 2, and ensures the overall structural stability of the sealing gasket 1. Specifically, the protective mechanism 2 consists of an EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21, a water-swellable rubber layer 22, and a reinforcing fiber layer 23. The EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21 fills the joint gap through elastic deformation. With its stable molecular structure, it maintains low stress relaxation characteristics in complex environments and maintains efficient sealing under extreme working conditions and dynamic loads. Its outer side is fixed to the inner wall of the sealing gasket 1 to ensure positional stability during segment assembly and compression, thus playing a preliminary waterproofing role. The water-swellable rubber layer 22 is bonded to the EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21. After being exposed to water, it expands and adaptively fills the gap changes, forming a second waterproof barrier. The reinforcing fiber layer 23 is bonded to the outer side of the water-swellable rubber layer 22 in a grid structure to enhance tensile, compressive, and tear resistance, suppress deformation under high temperature and high humidity environments, and its outer side is fixed to the inner wall of the sealing gasket 1 to disperse external pressure, improve the fatigue resistance of the protective mechanism 2, and ensure the overall structural stability of the sealing gasket 1.

[0022] Working principle: When the operator needs to install the sealing gasket 1, the sliding shell 31 can be fixed on the outside of the pipe. Then the outside of the pipe can be slid into the inside of the placement groove 332. After the placement groove 332 is slid into the inside of the sealing gasket 1, the sliding shell 31 can be rotated by the limiting component 33 inside the sliding shell 31, so that the limiting block 32 slides to the corner of the limiting groove 331, thereby limiting the sliding shell 31.

[0023] The sealing gasket 1 contains an EPDM elastic sealing gasket 21, which, thanks to its stable molecular structure, possesses excellent weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, making it durable in complex environments. Its wide temperature adaptability, low stress relaxation, and fatigue resistance allow it to maintain efficient sealing even under extreme working conditions and dynamic loads. The water-swellable rubber layer 22 expands upon contact with water through the combination of hydrophilic groups and water molecules, adapting to changes in gaps caused by structural settlement or displacement. Even if there is local damage, waterproof repair can be achieved through the expansion of undamaged parts. The outer side of the water-swellable rubber layer 22 is provided with a reinforcing fiber layer 23. Through the synergistic effect of the fiber and the substrate, it combines flexible sealing with rigid support, which not only enhances tensile, compressive, and tear resistance, but also inhibits deformation under high temperature and high humidity environments, improving fatigue resistance.

[0024] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A composite elastic sealing gasket that enhances the waterproof performance of segment joints, comprising a sealing gasket (1), characterized in that, The sealing gasket (1) is internally slidably connected to a connecting mechanism (3), and the sealing gasket (1) is internally fixedly connected to a protective mechanism (2). The connecting mechanism (3) includes a sliding shell (31), the outer side of which is slidably connected to the inside of the sealing gasket (1), a limiting block (32) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sealing gasket (1), and a limiting component (33) is fixedly connected to the sliding shell (31).

2. The composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component (33) includes a limiting groove (331), the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the sliding shell (31), and the inner side of the sliding shell (31) is provided with a placement groove (332).

3. A composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective mechanism (2) includes an EPDM elastic sealing gasket (21), the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket (1), and a water-swellable rubber layer (22) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the EPDM elastic sealing gasket (21).

4. A composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing gasket (1) has a groove (24) inside.

5. A composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the sliding shell (31) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (24).

6. A composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side of the limiting block (32) is slidably connected to the inside of the limiting groove (331).

7. A composite elastic sealing gasket for enhancing the waterproof performance of segment joints according to claim 3, characterized in that, A reinforcing fiber layer (23) is fixedly connected to the outside of the water-swellable rubber layer (22).

8. A composite elastic sealing gasket according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer side of the reinforcing fiber layer (23) is fixedly connected to the inside of the sealing gasket (1).

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