A tunnel water guide system suitable for karst water passage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of tunnel water guide system suitable for karst water passage, karst water passage and tunnel meet, the tunnel water guide system includes the water guide pipe culvert of transverse horizontal arrangement being set in tunnel bottom, high vertical shaft being set in one side of tunnel and with water guide pipe culvert one end intercommunication, low vertical shaft being set in another side of tunnel and with water guide pipe culvert other end intercommunication, and water retaining dam;The wellhead of high vertical shaft is provided with the screen group of inclined arrangement, the screen group of wellhead being set in high vertical shaft intercepts large particle's sundries, can effectively carry tiny silt in inverted siphon structure, reduce siltation, reduce later period dredging maintenance difficulty.The tunnel water guide system does not change the flow direction of cave water basically, and does not cause adverse effect to local resident drinking water and farmland irrigation etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel drainage structure technology, specifically to a tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages. Background Technology

[0002] Karst water passages are underground / semi-underground spatial systems formed by karst processes in carbonate rock areas (such as limestone and dolomite distribution areas), serving to transport groundwater or surface water. When a karst water passage intersects with a tunnel, the only solution to ensure the tunnel's smooth operation is to seal the passage. However, sealing the passage affects the flow of groundwater or surface water (karst cave water), causing it to accumulate within the passage. The conventional solution is to divert the groundwater or surface water into temporary drainage ditches within the tunnel using a drainage system. However, this alters the flow of groundwater or surface water, negatively impacting water resource utilization, such as drinking water for local residents and irrigation for farmland. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this utility model is proposed to provide a tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0004] The karst water passage intersects with the tunnel. The tunnel water diversion system includes a horizontally arranged water diversion culvert located at the bottom of the tunnel, an elevated shaft located on one side of the tunnel and connected to one end of the water diversion culvert, and a low-level shaft located on the other side of the tunnel and connected to the other end of the water diversion culvert. The elevated shaft is located behind the dominant water flow direction of the karst water passage, and the low-level shaft is located in front of the dominant water flow direction of the karst water passage. The tunnel water diversion system also includes two water-retaining dams, which are adjacent to the elevated shaft and the low-level shaft, respectively, and located at... On the side near the tunnel, a karst water passage is cut off to prevent water from impacting the tunnel; an inclined screen group is installed at the wellhead of the high-level shaft, the screen group consisting of several screens arranged vertically, with the aperture of the upper screen being larger than that of the lower screen; a cleaning channel is provided on one side of the high-level shaft to receive debris intercepted by the screen group, the inclined direction of the cleaning channel being the same as that of the screen group, and a through hole connected to the cleaning channel is formed at the lower end of each screen in the high-level shaft.

[0005] In one embodiment, the water diversion culvert includes two parallel sub-culverts, each sub-culvert being assembled from prefabricated pipe sections.

[0006] In one embodiment, a gravel cushion layer and a concrete culvert foundation are laid sequentially below the water diversion culvert.

[0007] In one embodiment, the structural inner bottom elevation of both the high-level vertical shaft and the low-level vertical shaft is lower than the inner wall and inner bottom elevation of the water diversion culvert.

[0008] In one embodiment, both the high-level and low-level vertical shafts are provided with concrete structural base plates at their bottoms, and a gravel cushion layer is laid beneath the concrete structural base plates.

[0009] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the high-level shaft and the low-level shaft are box-shaped.

[0010] In one embodiment, settlement joints are provided between each prefabricated pipe section of the sub-culvert, at the connection between the sub-culvert and the high-level vertical shaft, and at the connection between the sub-culvert and the low-level vertical shaft, and each settlement joint is embedded with a water-stop rubber strip.

[0011] In one embodiment, ladders are provided in both the high-level shaft and the low-level shaft.

[0012] This invention relates to a tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages. A screen group installed at the wellhead of the high-level vertical shaft intercepts large particles of debris. Within the inverted siphon structure, the water flow velocity is high due to negative pressure (typically >1.0 m / s), effectively carrying away fine silt and reducing sedimentation, thus lowering the difficulty of subsequent dredging and maintenance. This tunnel water diversion system essentially does not alter the flow direction of the karst water and will not adversely affect local residents' drinking water or farmland irrigation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which form part of the specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of this application and illustrate the implementation methods of this application, together with the textual description, to explain the principles of this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 This is an application diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the tunnel water diversion system of the present invention, suitable for karst water passages;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an inverted siphon water guiding structure;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section diagram.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Water diversion culvert; 2. High-level vertical shaft; 3. Low-level vertical shaft; 4. Sub-culvert; 5. Gravel cushion layer; 6. Concrete culvert foundation; 7. Concrete structural base slab; 8. Gravel cushion layer; 9. Dam; 10. Mesh screen assembly; 11. Cleaning passage. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, with examples of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model. The scope of this utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0019] The terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., mentioned or possibly used in the description of this utility model, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] A section of a tunnel has karst caves above the arching line, forming karst water passages. These karst conduits are well-developed, perpendicular to the tunnel, and form an angle of approximately 84° with the short-mileage direction, developing obliquely downwards. This embodiment provides a tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages, for addressing these caves. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The tunnel water diversion system includes a horizontally arranged water diversion culvert 1 located at the bottom of the tunnel, an elevated shaft 2 located on one side of the tunnel and connected to one end of the water diversion culvert 1, and a lower shaft 3 located on the other side of the tunnel and connected to the other end of the water diversion culvert 1. The elevated shaft 2 is located behind (upstream) the main flow direction of the karst water passage, and the lower shaft 3 is located in front (downstream) the main flow direction of the karst water passage. The elevated shaft 2, the water diversion culvert 1, and the lower shaft 3 together form an inverted siphon structure, allowing the karst cave water to flow sequentially through the elevated shaft 2, the water diversion culvert 1, and the lower shaft 3, achieving "underpass" transportation of the karst cave water.

[0023] Preferably, the elevation of the wellhead of the high-level vertical shaft 2 is higher than the elevation of the wellhead of the low-level vertical shaft 3.

[0024] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The water diversion culvert 1 may include two parallel sub-culverts 4, each sub-culvert 4 being assembled from precast pipe sections. Both the high-level shaft 2 and the low-level shaft 3 may be box-section shafts. To prevent cracking and leakage in the tunnel water diversion system due to settlement differences, a gravel cushion layer 5 and a concrete culvert foundation 6 are sequentially laid below the water diversion culvert 1; a concrete structural base slab 7 is installed at the bottom of both the high-level shaft 2 and the low-level shaft 3, with a gravel cushion layer 8 laid beneath the concrete structural base slab 7; settlement joints are provided between the precast pipe sections of each sub-culvert 4, at the connection between the sub-culvert 4 and the high-level shaft 2, and at the connection between the sub-culvert 4 and the low-level shaft 3, with water-stop rubber strips embedded in each settlement joint.

[0025] Now return Figure 1 The tunnel water diversion system also includes two vertically installed water-retaining dams 9, which are adjacent to the high-level shaft 2 and the low-level shaft 3 respectively and located on the side close to the tunnel, to cut off the karst water passage to prevent water flow from impacting the tunnel.

[0026] The high-level vertical shaft 2 is equipped with an inclined screen group 10 at its opening. The screen group 10 consists of several screens arranged vertically, with the aperture of the upper screen being larger than that of the lower screen. For example, the screen group 10 can consist of two screens: the upper screen is 100×100 mesh, used to intercept larger particles, and the lower screen is 150×150 mesh, used to intercept smaller particles.

[0027] A cleaning channel 11 for receiving debris intercepted by the screen group 10 is provided on one side of the elevated shaft 2. The inclined direction of the cleaning channel 11 is the same as that of the screen group 10. A through hole connected to the cleaning channel 11 is formed at the lower end of each screen in the elevated shaft 2. During the flow of karst cave water into the elevated shaft 2, some of the debris is intercepted by the screens. Due to the inclined arrangement of the screens, the debris moves towards the lower end of the screens due to its own gravity and the flow of karst cave water along the inclined direction of the screens, eventually falling into the cleaning channel 11. The fact that the inclined direction of the cleaning channel 11 is the same as that of the screen group 10 facilitates the accumulation of debris at the lower end of the cleaning channel 11, preventing debris from clogging the through hole.

[0028] Since karst water often carries impurities such as silt and dissolved debris, the inner bottom elevations of both the high-level shaft 2 and the low-level shaft 3 can be lower than the inner wall and bottom elevation of the culvert 1. This allows silt and dissolved debris to settle at the bottom of the high-level shaft 2, reducing the amount of silt and dissolved debris accumulating in the culvert 1. Ladders can be installed in both the high-level shaft 2 and the low-level shaft 3 to facilitate worker access and removal of accumulated silt and dissolved debris.

[0029] This embodiment is applicable to the tunnel water diversion system of karst water passages. The screen group 10 installed at the wellhead of the high-level vertical shaft 2 intercepts large particles of debris. The water flow velocity within the inverted siphon structure is relatively high due to negative pressure (usually >1.0m / s), which can effectively carry away fine silt, reduce siltation, and lower the difficulty of later dredging and maintenance. This tunnel water diversion system basically does not change the flow direction of the karst water and will not have an adverse impact on local residents' drinking water or farmland irrigation.

Claims

1. A tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages, wherein the karst water passage intersects with the tunnel, characterized in that: The tunnel water diversion system includes a horizontally arranged water diversion culvert located at the bottom of the tunnel, a high-level shaft located on one side of the tunnel and connected to one end of the water diversion culvert, and a low-level shaft located on the other side of the tunnel and connected to the other end of the water diversion culvert. The high-level shaft is located behind the dominant water flow direction of the karst water passage, and the low-level shaft is located in front of the dominant water flow direction of the karst water passage. The tunnel water diversion system also includes two water-retaining dams, which are adjacent to the high-level shaft and the low-level shaft, respectively, and located close to the tunnel. The high-level shaft has a side section for cutting off karst water passages to prevent water from impacting the tunnel. An inclined screen group is installed at the shaft opening, consisting of several screens arranged vertically, with the upper screen having a larger aperture than the lower screen. A cleaning channel is provided on one side of the high-level shaft to receive debris intercepted by the screen group. The cleaning channel is inclined in the same direction as the screen group. A through-hole is formed at the lower end of each screen, connecting to the cleaning channel.

2. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water diversion culvert includes two parallel sub-culverts, each of which is assembled from prefabricated pipe sections.

3. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water diversion culvert is laid with a gravel cushion layer and a concrete culvert foundation in sequence below it.

4. The tunnel water diversion system suitable for karst water passages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The structural inner bottom elevations of both the high-level vertical shaft and the low-level vertical shaft are lower than the inner wall and inner bottom elevation of the water diversion culvert.

5. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the high-level and low-level vertical shafts are equipped with concrete structural base slabs at the bottom, and a gravel cushion layer is laid under the concrete structural base slabs.

6. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the high-level shaft and the low-level shaft are box-shaped.

7. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to claim 6, characterized in that: Settlement joints are provided between each prefabricated pipe section of the sub-culvert, at the connection between the sub-culvert and the high-level vertical shaft, and at the connection between the sub-culvert and the low-level vertical shaft. Each settlement joint is embedded with a water-stop rubber strip.

8. The tunnel water diversion system for karst water passages according to claim 7, characterized in that: Ladders are installed in both the high-level and low-level vertical shafts.

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