Oil-free bearing for mechanical guide rails

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of oil-free bearings for mechanical guide rail, including bearing body and detachable lubricating assembly, bearing body is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, provide high-strength support, detachable lubricating assembly can be realized with the quick assembly and disassembly of bearing by its internal positioning structure, the positioning structure is driven by internal hexagonal rotating shaft pinion and rack, the telescopic of control hemispherical positioning head is locked, inner plate uses copper-based powder metallurgy material, its working surface is equipped with multiple groups of lubricating holes, graphite layer and nanometer silver layer are filled in hole alternately, and constitute composite self-lubricating system;The utility model has high bearing, excellent heat conductivity and long-acting self-lubricating capacity, and maintenance is convenient, significantly prolongs bearing service life and reduces maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oilless bearing technology, specifically to an oilless bearing for mechanical guide rails. Background Technology

[0002] A guide rail is a groove or ridge made of metal or other materials that can support, fix, and guide moving devices or equipment and reduce their friction. Guide rails are also called slide rails, linear guides, or linear slide rails. They are used in linear reciprocating motion applications, have a higher rated load than linear bearings, and can also bear a certain amount of torque, enabling high-precision linear motion under high load conditions.

[0003] Currently, the most common lubrication methods on the market are grease lubrication and oil lubrication. However, both of these methods have inherent defects: grease lubrication and oil lubrication pose a risk of leakage, easily contaminating products and the production environment, which does not meet the clean production requirements of modern industry. Secondly, under special working conditions such as high temperature or extremely low temperature, traditional grease lubrication and oil lubrication may oxidize, solidify, or fail, resulting in loss of lubrication function, which in turn causes severe wear or even jamming of bearings and guide rails, seriously affecting the reliability of equipment. In order to meet the challenge of oilless lubrication, bearings using self-lubricating materials have emerged in the existing technology, such as bearing bushes using polytetrafluoroethylene or graphite as solid lubricants. These bearings achieve a certain degree of self-lubrication.

[0004] An existing wear-resistant oil-free bearing with application number CN202322187427.4 includes an annular plate, a fixed ring fixedly connected to the top of the annular plate, an outer annular tube fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring, an inner annular tube fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer annular tube, a groove extending to the outer annular tube extending through the inner wall of the inner annular tube, a graphite shaft provided on the inner wall of the groove, and an ejection mechanism provided on the inner wall of the groove.

[0005] The aforementioned existing technology can eject the graphite shaft, ensuring it remains in contact with the shaft installed at the bearing center. It can also be used in conjunction with other parts for quick disassembly and replacement. However, its single solid lubricating material has limited wear resistance, load-bearing capacity, and environmental adaptability, making it difficult to meet the long-term stable lubrication requirements under complex and variable working conditions. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil-free bearing for mechanical guideways to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an oil-free bearing for mechanical guide rails, comprising a bearing body, through holes and detachable lubrication components, wherein through holes are arranged in a row on the outside of the bearing body, and detachable lubrication components are installed on all four sides inside the bearing body.

[0008] Preferably, the detachable lubrication assembly includes an inner plate, which is embedded in the four sides of the bearing body. A positioning structure is installed inside the inner plate near the outer end of the bearing body, and the two sides of the positioning structure are inserted into the inside of the bearing body. Lubrication structures are arranged in rows inside the inner plate.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning structure includes an internal hexagonal shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the middle of one side of the inner plate. A pinion is connected to the outer side of the internal hexagonal shaft, and racks are meshed at both ends of the pinion. The racks are movably embedded in the inner sides of the inner plate. A limiting groove is formed in the middle of one side of the rack, and a limiting shaft is inserted into the limiting groove. The limiting shaft is inserted into the inner sides of the inner plate. A positioning head is fixed at the end of the rack away from the pinion, and the positioning head is inserted into the bearing body. One end of the rack is connected to a tension spring, and the other side of the tension spring is connected to the inner wall of the inner plate.

[0010] Preferably, the lubrication structure includes lubrication holes, a graphite layer, and a nano-silver layer. The lubrication holes are equidistantly located inside the inner plate, and the lubrication holes are respectively provided with a graphite layer and a nano-silver layer, with the graphite layer and the nano-silver layer being alternately arranged.

[0011] Preferably, the detachable lubrication assembly is provided on the four sides of the bearing body, and the inner plate inside the detachable lubrication assembly is arranged in an arc-shaped plate shape.

[0012] Preferably, the racks are installed along the left and right sides of the inner plate, and the shape of the racks on both sides matches the shape of the inner plate.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the positioning head away from the rack is a hemispherical structure, and a hemispherical positioning recess matching the hemispherical structure is provided at a corresponding position inside the bearing body.

[0014] Preferably, the lubrication holes are blind holes with their opening ends facing the central axis of the inner hole of the bearing body, and the lubrication holes are arranged in three rows at equal intervals on the inner side of the inner plate.

[0015] Preferably, the graphite layer and the nano-silver layer are interference-filled inside the lubrication hole, and the alternating combination structure of the graphite layer and the nano-silver layer inside the lubrication hole is different on each side.

[0016] Preferably, the inner plate is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material, and the bearing body is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model improves bearing performance by setting a lubrication structure, namely a unique lubrication structure on the working surface of the inner plate. The graphite layer and the nano-silver layer, which are alternately interference-filled in the lubrication hole, constitute a synergistic composite lubrication system. The graphite layer can form a stable transfer film during friction, while the nano-silver layer plastically flows under high temperature and high pressure and repairs micro-wear. The two work together to effectively cover dry and wet, high and low temperature working conditions, and provide a continuous self-lubricating effect, thereby greatly reducing friction and wear and significantly extending the service life of the bearing.

[0018] 2. This utility model features a positioning structure. By rotating the internal hexagonal shaft, a precision positioning structure consisting of a pinion, rack, and tension spring can drive the hemispherical positioning head to extend or retract, achieving a secure lock or rapid separation between the entire lubrication assembly and the bearing body. This eliminates the need to replace the entire expensive bearing after the lubricating material is depleted; only the inexpensive lubrication module needs to be replaced, greatly saving costs and maintenance time and minimizing losses caused by equipment downtime.

[0019] 3. The bearing body of this utility model is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, which gives it extremely high strength and impact resistance. At the same time, the inner plate of the detachable lubrication component is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material. This material not only has good self-lubricating properties, but also has excellent thermal conductivity, which can dissipate the heat generated by friction in time and prevent lubrication failure or material softening caused by heat accumulation. This composite structure ensures that the bearing maintains stable and reliable operation under harsh conditions such as heavy load and high speed. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable lubrication component of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the positioning structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a top view of the internal structure of the lubrication structure of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: bearing body-1, through hole-2, detachable lubrication assembly-3, inner plate-31, positioning structure-32, internal hexagonal shaft-321, pinion-322, rack-323, limiting groove-324, limiting shaft-325, positioning head-326, tension spring-327, lubrication structure-33, lubrication hole-331, graphite layer-332, nano silver layer-333. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To further explain the technical solution of this utility model, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-2 This utility model provides an oil-free bearing for mechanical guide rails, including a bearing body 1, through holes 2 and a detachable lubrication assembly 3. The bearing body 1 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, which gives the entire bearing extremely high strength, hardness and fatigue resistance, and can withstand large radial loads and impacts. Multiple through holes 2 are arranged in an array on the outer circumferential wall of the bearing body 1, and the detachable lubrication assembly 3 is detachably installed on the four sides of the inner circumference of the bearing body 1.

[0029] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the detachable lubrication assembly 3 includes an inner plate 31, which is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material. Copper-based powder metallurgy material itself has certain self-lubricating properties and excellent thermal conductivity. It can work together with the lubricant released by the lubrication structure 33 to conduct heat quickly and prevent heat accumulation from causing lubrication failure or material softening. The inner plate 31 is embedded in the four sides of the bearing body 1. A positioning structure 32 is installed inside the inner plate 31 near the end face of the bearing body 1. The two sides of the positioning structure 32 are inserted into the inside of the bearing body 1, which is used to lock the inner plate 31 onto the bearing body 1. The lubrication structure 33 is arranged in rows inside the inner plate 31.

[0030] Among them, the detachable lubrication components 3 are correspondingly arranged on the four sides of the bearing body 1, and the inner plate 31 inside the detachable lubrication components 3 is arranged in an arc-shaped plate shape. That is, the four detachable lubrication components 3 together form a complete annular inner liner, which improves the integrity of the structural composition.

[0031] Please see Figures 4-5In this embodiment, the positioning structure 32 includes an internal hexagonal shaft 321, which is rotatably mounted on the middle of one side of the inner plate 31. A small gear 322 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the internal hexagonal shaft 321. A rack 323 is symmetrically and slidably arranged on both sides inside the inner plate 31 and meshes with the upper and lower ends of the small gear 322. A limiting groove 324 is opened in the middle of one side of the rack 323, and a limiting shaft 325 fixed on the inner plate 31 is inserted into the limiting groove 324 to limit the movement trajectory of the rack 323. A positioning head 326 is fixedly provided at the end of the rack 323 away from the small gear 322. The positioning head 326 can extend out of the inner plate 31 and be inserted into the inner wall of the bearing body 1. A tension spring 327 is connected between one side of the rack 323 and the inner wall of the inner plate 31. The tension spring 327 provides a tendency for the rack 323 and the positioning head 326 to return to their original position.

[0032] Among them, the rack 323 is installed along the left and right sides inside the inner plate 31, and the shape of the rack 323 on both sides matches the shape of the inner plate 31. That is, the shape of the rack 323 matches the inner plate 31, so that it can slide tightly against the internal space of the inner plate 31, avoiding jamming caused by structural interference.

[0033] The end of the positioning head 326 away from the rack 323 is a hemispherical structure, and a hemispherical positioning recess matching the hemispherical structure is provided at the corresponding position inside the bearing body 1. The matching of the positioning head 326 with the hemispherical structure and the hemispherical positioning recess facilitates the assembly of the inner plate 31 and the bearing body 1.

[0034] Please see Figure 6 In this embodiment, the lubrication structure 33 includes lubrication holes 331, a graphite layer 332 and a nano-silver layer 333. The lubrication holes 331 are equidistantly opened on the working inner surface of the inner plate 31. The lubrication holes 331 are respectively provided with a graphite layer 332 and a nano-silver layer 333, and the graphite layer 332 and the nano-silver layer 333 are alternately arranged.

[0035] Among them, the lubrication hole 331 is a blind hole with its opening end facing the central axis of the inner hole of the bearing body 1. The lubrication holes 331 are arranged in three rows at equal intervals on the inner side of the inner plate 31. That is, the blind hole design of the lubrication hole 331 can prevent solid lubricant from flowing out from the back of the inner plate 31, improve material utilization and extend the effective lubrication time.

[0036] The graphite layer 332 and the nano-silver layer 333 are interference-filled inside the lubrication hole 331. The alternating combination structure of the graphite layer 332 and the nano-silver layer 333 inside the lubrication hole 331 on each side is different. That is, the alternating combination structure is different. The lubricant formula can be arranged according to the expected force, temperature or speed conditions on different sides of the bearing to achieve the optimal self-lubrication assistance of the bearing body 1.

[0037] The working principle is as follows: First, the bearing body 1 is made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, which serves as the core skeleton and is responsible for bearing loads and impacts, ensuring the overall high strength and long service life. The four sides of the bearing body are detachably equipped with detachable lubrication components 3. The inner plate 31 inside the components is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material with self-lubrication and excellent thermal conductivity. It serves as both a friction interface and a carrier of lubricant. This composite structure realizes the separation and synergistic operation of bearing and lubrication functions. Secondly, during the operation of the bearing, the inner working surface of the inner plate 31, which is in direct contact with the shaft, will be lubricated by the internal lubrication structure 33. The graphite layer 332 and the nano silver layer 333, which are equidistantly distributed at the lubrication holes 331 on the inner working surface, are alternately filled with interference. The graphite layer 332 forms a transfer film during friction, providing stable lubrication, which is especially effective in humid environments. The nano silver layer 333 will undergo plastic flow under local high temperature and high pressure, which can not only lubricate but also repair micro-wear surfaces. Thus, the two work together to form a composite lubrication system covering dry and wet conditions and different temperature ranges, which greatly improves the functionality of the bearing body 1. Third, when it is necessary to install the lubrication assembly 3 and the bearing body 1, use a tool to rotate the internal hexagonal shaft 321, driving the outerly connected pinion 322 to rotate synchronously. The pinion 322 then drives the upper and lower racks 323 to slide in opposite directions, stretching the tension spring 327 connected on one side. At this time, the hemispherical positioning heads 326 at the ends of the racks 323 on both sides will move into the inner plate 31, realizing the locking preparation activity. After the inner plate 31 is accurately embedded in the inner wall of the bearing body 1, release the internal hexagonal shaft 321 to release the tension spring 327. In this way, the upper and lower racks 323 and the pinion 322 The meshing transmission enables the self-ejection of the two hemispherical positioning heads 326 and their corresponding hemispherical positioning recesses inside the bearing body 1 for positioning and insertion, thus achieving a firm lock and a secure assembly of the lubrication structure 33. At the same time, the cooperation between the limiting shaft 325 and the limiting groove 324 ensures the accuracy of the movement trajectory of the rack 323. During disassembly, the internal hexagonal shaft 321 is rotated again, and the pinion 322 drives the two racks 323 to slide back and forth, which can quickly retract the two positioning heads 326, allowing the entire inner plate 31 to be removed and the lubricating material inside the lubrication structure 33 to be replaced. Fourth, as the bearing operates, the graphite layer 332 and nano-silver layer 333 inside the lubrication hole 331 are slowly consumed, continuously replenishing the friction interface with lubricating material, thereby ensuring an ultra-long maintenance-free lubrication life. When the graphite layer 332 and nano-silver layer 333 are finally exhausted, there is no need to replace the entire bearing. It is only necessary to remove the worn removable lubrication component 3 through the positioning structure 32 and replace it with new lubricating material. In this way, maintenance costs and downtime are greatly reduced, and the modular design gives the bearing a brand-new life cycle.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An oilless bearing for mechanical guide rails, characterized in that: The bearing body (1) includes a bearing body (2) and a detachable lubrication assembly (3). The bearing body (1) has through holes (2) arranged in a row on the outside, and the bearing body (1) has detachable lubrication assemblies (3) installed on all four sides inside. The detachable lubrication assembly (3) includes an inner plate (31), which is embedded in the four sides of the bearing body (1). A positioning structure (32) is installed inside the inner plate (31) near the outer end of the bearing body (1), and the two sides of the positioning structure (32) are inserted into the bearing body (1). Lubrication structures (33) are arranged in rows inside the inner plate (31). The positioning structure (32) includes an internal hexagonal shaft (321), which is rotatably mounted on the middle of one side of the inner plate (31). A pinion (322) is connected to the outside of the internal hexagonal shaft (321), and a rack (323) is meshed at both ends of the pinion (322). The rack (323) is movably embedded in both sides of the inner plate (31), and a limiting groove (324) is provided in the middle of one side of the rack (323). And a limiting shaft (325) is inserted inside the limiting groove (324). The limiting shaft (325) is inserted into both sides of the inner plate (31). A positioning head (326) is fixed at one end of the rack (323) away from the pinion (322). The positioning head (326) is inserted into the bearing body (1). One end of the rack (323) is connected to the tension spring (327), and the other side of the tension spring (327) is connected to the inner wall of the inner plate (31).

2. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication structure (33) includes lubrication holes (331), a graphite layer (332) and a nano-silver layer (333). The lubrication holes (331) are equidistantly opened inside the inner plate (31). The lubrication holes (331) are respectively provided with a graphite layer (332) and a nano-silver layer (333), and the graphite layer (332) and the nano-silver layer (333) are alternately arranged.

3. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable lubrication assembly (3) is arranged correspondingly on the four sides inside the bearing body (1), and the inner plate (31) inside the detachable lubrication assembly (3) is arranged in an arc-shaped plate shape.

4. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (323) is installed along the left and right sides inside the inner plate (31), and the shape of the rack (323) on both sides matches the shape of the inner plate (31).

5. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the positioning head (326) away from the rack (323) is a hemispherical structure, and a hemispherical positioning recess matching the hemispherical structure is opened at the corresponding position inside the bearing body (1).

6. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubrication hole (331) is a blind hole with its opening end facing the central axis of the inner hole of the bearing body (1), and the lubrication holes (331) are arranged in three rows at equal intervals on the inner side of the inner plate (31).

7. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The graphite layer (332) and the nano-silver layer (333) are interference-filled inside the lubrication hole (331), and the alternating combination structure of the graphite layer (332) and the nano-silver layer (333) inside the lubrication hole (331) on each side is different.

8. The oilless bearing for mechanical guideways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner plate (31) is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material, and the bearing body (1) is made of high-carbon chromium bearing steel.

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