Pressure relief structure and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a pressure relief structure and a vehicle. The pressure relief structure comprises a shell and a valve core. The shell is internally provided with a pressure relief outer cavity. The valve core is installed in the pressure relief outer cavity. The pressure relief outer cavity is provided with a pressure relief inlet, a first pressure relief outlet and a second pressure relief outlet which are mutually spaced, a first pressure relief path which is connected between the pressure relief inlet and the first pressure relief outlet, and a second pressure relief path which is connected between the pressure relief inlet and the second pressure relief outlet. The valve core has a first opening state and a second opening state which can be switched. The external force borne by the valve core in the first opening state is smaller than the external force borne by the valve core in the second opening state. When the valve core is in the first opening state, the first pressure relief path is opened and the second pressure relief path is closed. When the valve core is in the second opening state, the first pressure relief path and the second pressure relief path are both opened. The technical scheme of the application can reduce the power loss of the engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oil pump pressure relief technology, specifically to a pressure relief structure and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most pressure relief valves on the market are designed only according to the engine's maximum oil pressure requirement, without fully considering the engine's oil pressure requirements under different operating conditions. This results in a single operating condition that meets the engine's pressure requirements, leading to a wide range of operating conditions that cause engine power loss. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a pressure relief structure and a vehicle that can reduce engine power loss.

[0004] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a pressure relief structure is provided, comprising a housing and a valve core. The housing has a pressure relief outer cavity, and the valve core is installed in the pressure relief outer cavity. The pressure relief outer cavity has a pressure relief inlet, a first pressure relief outlet and a second pressure relief outlet spaced apart from each other, a first pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet and the first pressure relief outlet, and a second pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet and the second pressure relief outlet. The valve core has a first open state and a second open state that can be switched between each other. The external force on the valve core in the first open state is less than the external force on the valve core in the second open state. Wherein, when the valve core is in the first open state, the first pressure relief path is open and the second pressure relief path is closed; when the valve core is in the second open state, both the first pressure relief path and the second pressure relief path are open.

[0005] In an optional exemplary embodiment, the valve core includes a main core portion and a slide valve portion. The main core portion is movably disposed within the pressure relief outer cavity. The main core portion has a pressure relief inner cavity and an oil drain hole connecting the pressure relief inner cavity and the first pressure relief outlet. The slide valve portion is movably disposed within the pressure relief inner cavity and has an oil inlet hole connecting the pressure relief inner cavity and the pressure relief inlet. The first pressure relief path includes the oil inlet hole, and the second pressure relief path includes the gap between the main core portion and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity.

[0006] In an optional exemplary embodiment, the pressure relief cavity includes a first inner cavity section and a second inner cavity section, wherein the first inner cavity section is closer to the pressure relief inlet than the second inner cavity section, and the inner diameter of the first inner cavity section is smaller than the inner diameter of the second inner cavity section; the oil drain hole is located on the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section; when the first pressure relief path is open, the slide valve moves until the outlet of the oil inlet is located in the second inner cavity section; when the first pressure relief path is closed, the slide valve moves until the outlet of the oil inlet is located in the first inner cavity section, and seals the outlet of the oil inlet through the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section.

[0007] In an optional exemplary embodiment, the valve core further includes a first elastic element, one end of which is sleeved on the slide valve portion, and the other end of which abuts against the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity, and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the first pressure relief path.

[0008] In an optional exemplary embodiment, the main core includes a front shaft section, an intermediate shaft section, and a rear shaft section arranged sequentially, wherein the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section is larger than the outer diameters of the front shaft section and the rear shaft section; along the axial direction of the main core: the first pressure relief outlet is farther from the pressure relief inlet than the second pressure relief outlet; when the valve core is in the first open state, the intermediate shaft section is located between the second pressure relief outlet and the pressure relief inlet, and is in contact with the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity; when the valve core is in the second open state, the intermediate shaft section is located between the second pressure relief outlet and the first pressure relief outlet, and both the front shaft section and the rear shaft section are spaced apart from the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity.

[0009] In an optional exemplary embodiment, the pressure relief structure further includes a second elastic element that abuts against the rear axle section and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity, and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the second pressure relief path.

[0010] In one optional exemplary embodiment, the side circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft segment is provided with a groove.

[0011] In one optional exemplary embodiment, the groove includes an annular groove disposed around the axis of the main core and a strip groove disposed parallel to the axis of the main core, the annular groove communicating with the strip groove and located on the side of the strip groove closer to the front axle section.

[0012] In one optional exemplary embodiment, the opening area of ​​the first pressure relief outlet is smaller than the opening area of ​​the second pressure relief outlet.

[0013] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a vehicle is provided, including an oil pump, the oil pump including a pressure relief structure.

[0014] In this application, two pressure relief paths (a first pressure relief path and a second pressure relief path) are set in the pressure relief outer cavity of the pressure relief structure. When the valve core is subjected to a small external force (such as pressure from the oil), it switches to a first open state to open the first pressure relief path, and then pressure is relieved through the first pressure relief path in conjunction with the first pressure relief outlet. When the valve core is subjected to a large external force (such as pressure from the oil), it switches to a second open state to open the second pressure relief path, and then pressure is relieved through the first pressure relief path in conjunction with the first pressure relief outlet and through the second pressure relief path in conjunction with the second pressure relief outlet. Ultimately, the engine pressure requirements under at least two operating conditions can be met, thereby reducing engine power loss.

[0015] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of this application and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this application more obvious and understandable, specific implementation methods of this application are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 A top view of the pressure relief structure provided in this application is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 This application provides Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pressure relief structure along line AA.

[0018] Figure 3 A bottom view of the pressure relief structure provided in this application is shown.

[0019] Figure 4 This application provides Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the pressure relief structure in the image.

[0020] Figure 5 This application provides Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pressure relief structure along line BB.

[0021] Figure 6 This application provides Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a portion of the pressure relief structure from another perspective.

[0022] Figure 7 This application provides Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the valve core in the pressure relief structure.

[0023] Figure 8 This application provides Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the valve core from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 9 This application provides Figure 7 Another structural schematic diagram of the valve core.

[0025] Figure 10 This application provides Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the slide valve part and the first elastic element of the pressure relief structure.

[0026] Figure 11 This application provides Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the slide valve section of the pressure relief structure.

[0027] Figure 12 This application provides Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the slide valve section along CC.

[0028] Icon labels: 11. Housing; 12. Valve core; 121. Main core; 1211. Front shaft section; 1212. Intermediate shaft section; 1213. Rear shaft section; 122. Spool valve section; 1221. Front valve section; 1222. Intermediate valve section; 1223. Rear valve section; 123. First elastic element; 124. Positioning pin; 13. Plug; 14. Second elastic element; 101. Pressure relief outer cavity; 101a. Pressure relief inlet; 101b. First pressure relief outlet; 101c. Second pressure relief outlet; 102. Pressure relief inner cavity; 102a. First inner cavity section; 102b. Second inner cavity section; 103. Oil inlet hole; 103b. Longitudinal oil inlet section; 103a. Radial oil inlet section; 104. Oil drain hole; 105. Groove; 105a. Annular groove; 105b. Strip groove. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0030] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0031] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0033] Combination Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment provides a pressure relief structure that can meet the engine's required pressure under at least two operating conditions, thereby reducing engine power loss.

[0034] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pressure relief structure includes a housing 11 and a valve core 12. The housing 11 has a pressure relief outer cavity 101, and the valve core 12 is installed in the pressure relief outer cavity 101. The pressure relief outer cavity 101 has a pressure relief inlet 101a, a first pressure relief outlet 101b and a second pressure relief outlet 101c spaced apart from each other, a first pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet 101a and the first pressure relief outlet 101b, and a second pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet 101a and the second pressure relief outlet 101c.

[0035] Furthermore, the valve core 12 has a switchable closed state, a first open state, and a second open state. The external force on the valve core 12 in the first open state is less than the external force on the valve core 12 in the second open state. Specifically, when the valve core 12 is in the closed state, the first pressure relief path is closed and the second pressure relief path is closed; when the valve core 12 is in the first open state, the first pressure relief path is open and the second pressure relief path is closed; when the valve core 12 is in the second open state, both the first and second pressure relief paths are open.

[0036] In this invention, two pressure relief paths (a first pressure relief path and a second pressure relief path) are provided in the pressure relief outer cavity 101 of the pressure relief structure. When the valve core 12 is subjected to a small external force (e.g., pressure from the oil), it switches to a first open state to open the first pressure relief path, and then pressure is relieved through the first pressure relief path in conjunction with the first pressure relief outlet 101b. When the valve core 12 is subjected to a large external force (e.g., pressure from the oil), it switches to a second open state to open the second pressure relief path, and then pressure is relieved through the first pressure relief path in conjunction with the first pressure relief outlet 101b and through the second pressure relief path in conjunction with the second pressure relief outlet 101c. Ultimately, the engine pressure requirements under at least two operating conditions can be met, thereby reducing engine power loss.

[0037] Combination Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the valve core 12 includes a main core portion 121 and a slide valve portion 122. The main core portion 121 is movably disposed within the pressure relief outer cavity 101. The main core portion 121 is provided with a pressure relief inner cavity 102 and an oil drain hole 104 connecting the pressure relief inner cavity 102 and the first pressure relief outlet 101b. The slide valve portion 122 is movably disposed within the pressure relief inner cavity 102 and is provided with an oil inlet hole 103 connecting the pressure relief inner cavity 102 and the pressure relief inlet 101a. The first pressure relief path includes the oil inlet hole 103, and the second pressure relief path includes the gap between the main core portion 121 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101.

[0038] For example, combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, multiple oil drain holes 104 are provided, and the multiple oil drain holes 104 are arranged around the axis of the main core 121 and are spaced apart from each other.

[0039] For example, combined Figure 12 As shown, the oil inlet 103 includes a longitudinal oil inlet section 103b arranged along the axial direction of the spool valve 122 and a radial oil inlet section 103a arranged along the radial direction of the spool valve 122. The longitudinal oil inlet section 103b and the radial oil inlet section 103a are interconnected, and multiple radial oil inlet sections 103a are provided. The multiple radial oil inlet sections 103a are arranged around the axis of the spool valve 122 and are spaced apart from each other. The outlet of the oil inlet 103 is the outlet of the radial oil inlet section 103a.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first pressure relief path includes a pressure relief inlet 101a, an oil inlet 103, a gap between the slide valve portion 122 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief inner cavity 102, an oil drain hole 104, a gap between the main core portion 121 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and a first pressure relief outlet 101b, arranged sequentially. Therefore, if the oil inlet 103 is blocked, the first pressure relief path will be closed or interrupted.

[0041] Furthermore, the second pressure relief path includes a pressure relief inlet 101a, a gap between the main core 121 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and a second pressure relief outlet 101c arranged sequentially. Therefore, if the second pressure relief outlet 101c is blocked, the second pressure relief path will be in a closed or interrupted state.

[0042] For example, the slide valve 122 is movably disposed within the pressure relief inner cavity 102, and can block the oil inlet 103 by moving within the pressure relief inner cavity 102, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first pressure relief path; while the main core 121 is movably disposed within the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and can move within the pressure relief outer cavity 101 to adhere to the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 and seal the second pressure relief outlet 101c, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the second pressure relief path.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the oil pressure is low, the main core 121 can remain in its original position and release pressure only through the first pressure relief path; when the oil pressure is high, the main core 121 and the slide valve 122 move together, opening the first pressure relief path and the second pressure relief path to release pressure together.

[0044] It should be understood that by designing the valve core 12 as a main core 121 and a slide valve 122, the first and second pressure relief paths are separated and independently controlled. The slide valve 122 is responsible for controlling the first pressure relief path, and the main core 121 is responsible for controlling the second pressure relief path. This layered structure allows the valve core 12 to respond more precisely to different oil pressures, improving the flexibility and reliability of pressure relief, ensuring efficient pressure relief under both low and high oil pressure conditions, and further reducing engine power loss.

[0045] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the pressure relief cavity 102 includes a first inner cavity section 102a and a second inner cavity section 102b. The first inner cavity section 102a is closer to the pressure relief inlet 101a than the second inner cavity section 102b. The inner diameter of the first inner cavity section 102a is smaller than the inner diameter of the second inner cavity section 102b. The oil drain hole 104 is located on the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b. When the first pressure relief path is open, the slide valve part 122 moves to the point where the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 is located in the second inner cavity section 102b. When the first pressure relief path is closed, the slide valve part 122 moves to the point where the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, and the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 is sealed by the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section 102a.

[0046] It should be understood that when it is necessary to close the first pressure relief path, the slide valve 122 can be moved to the position where the outlet of the oil inlet 103 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, and the outlet of the oil inlet 103 is sealed by the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section 102a, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the flow of oil. When it is necessary to open the first pressure relief path, the slide valve 122 can be moved until the outlet of the oil inlet 103 is located in the second inner cavity section 102b. At this time, since the inner diameter of the second inner cavity section 102b is larger than the inner diameter of the first inner cavity section 102a, the outlet of the oil inlet 103 can be spaced apart from the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b to open the outlet of the oil inlet 103. This allows the oil to flow from the radial oil inlet section 103a of the oil inlet 103 of the slide valve 122 into the space between the slide valve 122 and the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b, and then flow into the drain hole 104 through the gap between the slide valve 122 and the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b, and finally flow out from the drain hole 104.

[0047] For example, the first inner cavity section 102a and the second inner cavity section 102b are coaxially arranged cylindrical cavities, and the slide valve part 122 is also a cylindrical structure. The volume of the slide valve part 122 is equal to the volume of the first inner cavity section 102a. The outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 is located on the peripheral side surface of the slide valve part 122. The slide valve part 122 slides along its axial direction within the first inner cavity section 102a and the second inner cavity section 102b. When the spool valve 122 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, the side wall of the first inner cavity section 102a just covers the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 on the spool valve 122. When the spool valve 122 slides to the point where the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 is located in the second inner cavity section 102b, since the inner diameter of the second inner cavity section 102b is larger than the inner diameter of the first inner cavity section 102a, the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b can form a gap with the side circumferential surface of the spool valve 122. This allows the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b to no longer cover the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103. Finally, the oil flowing out through the outlet of the oil inlet hole 103 can flow into the drain hole 104 through the gap between the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b and the side circumferential surface of the spool valve 122.

[0048] In this embodiment, the pressure relief cavity 102 is divided into a first inner cavity section 102a (with a smaller inner diameter) and a second inner cavity section 102b (with a larger inner diameter), thus forming a stepped cavity. The opening and closing of the first pressure relief path is controlled by the positional movement of the slide valve 122, realizing the automatic switching of the first pressure relief path based on oil pressure. The smaller inner diameter of the first inner cavity section 102a facilitates the slide valve 122 sealing the outlet of the oil inlet 103 when the oil pressure is low. When the oil pressure is high, the slide valve 122 moves to the second inner cavity section 102b, whose inner diameter is larger than that of the first inner cavity section 102a. This facilitates opening the outlet of the oil inlet 103 and also allows a gap to form between the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b and the side circumferential surface of the slide valve 122, ultimately allowing the oil flowing out of the outlet of the oil inlet 103 to smoothly flow into the drain hole 104.

[0049] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the valve core 12 also includes a first elastic element 123. One end of the first elastic element 123 is sleeved on the slide valve part 122, and the other end of the first elastic element 123 abuts against the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity 102 and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the first pressure relief path.

[0050] It should be understood that, after one end of the first elastic element 123 (such as a spring) is sleeved on the slide valve portion 122 and the other end abuts against the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity 102 (e.g., the axial end of the second inner cavity section 102b), when the oil pressure increases, the slide valve portion 122 is pushed by the oil pressure, compressing the first elastic element 123 to undergo elastic deformation until the slide valve portion 122 moves to the point where the outlet of the oil inlet 103 is located in the second inner cavity section 102b, thus opening the first pressure relief path. When the oil pressure decreases, the first elastic element 123 returns to its original deformation, pushing the slide valve portion 122 back to its original position until the slide valve portion 122 moves to the point where the outlet of the oil inlet 103 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, and seals the outlet of the oil inlet 103 through the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section 102a, thereby closing the first pressure relief path.

[0051] For example, a positioning post 124 is provided in the second inner cavity section 102b, and the surface of the positioning post 124 is also part of the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b. One end of the first elastic member 123 is sleeved on the positioning post 124, and the other end of the first elastic member 123 is sleeved on the slide valve part 122 and fixedly connected to the slide valve part 122.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first elastic element 123 is a spring. By setting the first elastic element 123 to provide elastic resistance to the slide valve part 122, it can be ensured that the slide valve part 122 only moves when the oil pressure reaches a certain threshold, thereby controlling the opening timing of the first pressure relief path, preventing misoperation and premature pressure relief, improving the stability and reliability of the system, and making the pressure relief response more in line with the actual needs of the engine.

[0053] Of course, in other embodiments, the first elastic element 123 may also be an elastic element such as silicone or rubber whose elasticity can meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0054] Furthermore, combined Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, after the slide valve 122 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, it is positioned opposite the positioning post 124 along the axial direction of the slide valve 122. When the slide valve 122 moves from the first inner cavity section 102a toward the second inner cavity section 102b to the maximum displacement distance, at least part of the slide valve 122 is still located in the first inner cavity section 102a, so as to prevent the entire slide valve 122 from falling into the second inner cavity section 102b, which would prevent the slide valve 122 from being reset under the elastic restoring force of the first elastic member 123.

[0055] Combination Figure 11 As shown, the slide valve 122 includes a front valve section 1221, an intermediate valve section 1222, and a rear valve section 1223 arranged sequentially. The outer diameter of the intermediate valve section 1222 is larger than the outer diameters of the front valve section 1221 and the rear valve section 1223. When the slide valve 122 closes the outlet of the first pressure relief path, the front valve section 1221 is located within the first inner cavity section 102a (the side circumferential surface of the front valve section 1221 is in contact with the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section 102a along the radial direction of the slide valve 122) and can slide within the first inner cavity section 102a. The first pressure relief path is located on the front valve section 1221. The intermediate valve section 1222 and the rear valve section 1223 are located in the second inner cavity section 102b (the side circumferential surfaces of the intermediate valve section 1222 and the rear valve section 1223 are in contact with the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section 102b along the radial direction of the slide valve 122). The inner cavity section 102b has spaced-out cavity walls, and the intermediate valve section 1222 separates the first inner cavity section 102a and the second inner cavity section 102b into two independent chambers. That is, the intermediate valve section 1222 can seal the opening of the first inner cavity section 102a connecting to the second inner cavity section 102b, so as to further prevent the oil flowing out of the first pressure relief path from flowing to the oil drain hole 104 of the second inner cavity section 102b; the first elastic member 123 is sleeved on the rear valve section 1223 and abuts against the end face of the intermediate valve section 1222 along the axial direction of the slide valve part 122.

[0056] Combination Figure 8As shown, the main core 121 includes a front shaft section 1211, an intermediate shaft section 1212, and a rear shaft section 1213 arranged sequentially. The front shaft section 1211 and the rear shaft section 1213 are spaced apart from the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity 101 to allow oil to pass through. The outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section 1212 is larger than the outer diameter of the front shaft section 1211 and the outer diameter of the rear shaft section 1213, and is fitted against the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity 101 to obstruct the passage of oil.

[0057] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the main core 121: the first pressure relief outlet 101b is farther away from the pressure relief inlet 101a than the second pressure relief outlet 101c.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the valve core 12 is in the first open state, along the radial direction of the main core 121: the orthogonal projection of the intermediate shaft segment 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 covers the second pressure relief outlet 101c and is spaced apart from the first pressure relief outlet 101b. It should be understood that, since the intermediate shaft section 1212 is fitted to the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and at the same time, along the radial direction of the main core 121: when the valve core 12 is in the first open state, the orthogonal projection of the intermediate shaft section 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 covers the second pressure relief outlet 101c, and is spaced apart from the first pressure relief outlet 101b. Therefore, when the valve core 12 is in the first open state, the intermediate shaft section 1212 can cover the second pressure relief outlet 101c, so that the second pressure relief path is in the closed state; and the orthographic projection of the intermediate shaft section 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is spaced apart from the first pressure relief outlet 101b, and the rear shaft section 1213 is spaced apart from the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. Therefore, the oil can flow through the slide valve section 122 in the main core section 121 to the space between the rear shaft section 1213 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and then flow to the first pressure relief outlet 101b.

[0059] Furthermore, when the valve core 12 is in the second open state, along the radial direction of the main core 121, the orthographic projection of the intermediate shaft section 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is spaced apart from the first pressure relief outlet 101b and the second pressure relief outlet 101c.

[0060] It should be understood that, when the valve core 12 is in the second open state, along the radial direction of the main core 121, the orthographic projection of the intermediate shaft section 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is spaced apart from both the first pressure relief outlet 101b and the second pressure relief outlet 101c. Therefore, the intermediate shaft section 1212 fails to cover the second pressure relief outlet 101c, and the front shaft section 1211 is spaced apart from the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. This allows the oil to flow into the second pressure relief outlet 101c via the second pressure relief path (i.e., the oil flows from the pressure relief inlet 101a between the front shaft section 1211 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and then flows into the second pressure relief outlet 101c). Furthermore, combined Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, when the valve core 12 is in the closed state, along the radial direction of the main core 121: the orthogonal projection of the intermediate shaft section 1212 on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 covers the second pressure relief outlet 101c, thereby sealing the second pressure relief outlet 101c through the intermediate shaft section 1212, thus closing the first pressure relief path; the front valve section 1221 is located in the first inner cavity section 102a, and seals the opening of the radial oil inlet section 103a of the oil inlet hole 103 through the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section 102a, thereby closing the outlet of the first pressure relief path.

[0061] For example, the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is a cylindrical cavity. Along the axial direction of the main core 121 (i.e., the axial direction of the pressure relief outer cavity 101): a first pressure relief outlet 101b and a second pressure relief outlet 101c are spaced apart on the side peripheral wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. The valve core 12 is also a cylindrical structure. The outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section 1212 is equal to the inner diameter of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and the outer diameters of the front shaft section 1211 and the rear shaft section 1213 are smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. When the valve core 12 is in the first open state, the intermediate shaft section 1212 moves to the position of the second pressure relief outlet 101c and seals the second pressure relief outlet 101c. When the valve core 12 is in the second open state, the intermediate shaft section 1212 moves to the position between the first pressure relief outlet 101b and the second pressure relief outlet, so that the intermediate shaft section 1212 no longer seals the first pressure relief outlet 101b and the second pressure relief outlet.

[0062] In this embodiment, the main core 121 is divided into a front shaft section 1211, an intermediate shaft section 1212, and a rear shaft section 1213. The opening and closing of the second pressure relief path is controlled by the contact and separation between the intermediate shaft section 1212 (with a larger outer diameter) and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. That is, in the first open state (low oil pressure), the intermediate shaft section 1212 blocks the second pressure relief outlet 101c, and only the first pressure relief path is open; in the second open state (high oil pressure), the intermediate shaft section 1212 moves to expose the second pressure relief outlet 101c, while the front shaft section 1211 and the rear shaft section 1213 form gaps with the cavity wall to facilitate oil flow, thereby achieving a stepped switching of the pressure relief path, optimizing the pressure relief flow, and reducing power loss.

[0063] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief structure also includes a second elastic element 14, which abuts against the cavity wall between the rear axle section 1213 and the pressure relief outer cavity 101, and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the second pressure relief path.

[0064] It should be understood that the second elastic element 14 (such as a spring) abuts against the rear shaft section 1213 of the main core 121 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. When the oil pressure is high enough, the main core 121 is subjected to oil pressure thrust, compressing the second elastic element 14 to undergo elastic deformation, causing the intermediate shaft section 1212 to move and opening the second pressure relief path. When the oil pressure drops, the second elastic element 14 restores its deformation, pushing the main core 121 to reset and closing the second pressure relief path.

[0065] For example, the second elastic element 14 is coaxially arranged with the first elastic element 123.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second elastic element 14 is a spring. By setting the second elastic element 14, elastic resistance is provided to the main core 121 to ensure that the main core 121 only moves when the oil pressure reaches the threshold (so that the valve core 12 switches to the second open state), thereby controlling the opening of the second pressure relief path.

[0067] Of course, in other embodiments, the second elastic element 14 may also be an elastic element such as silicone or rubber whose elasticity can meet the pressure relief requirements.

[0068] Furthermore, the elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 14 is greater than that of the first elastic element 123. This allows the pressure relief structure to activate the first pressure relief path for pressure relief under low-pressure conditions, while activating both the first and second pressure relief paths only under high-pressure conditions, thereby improving pressure relief capacity, avoiding power loss, and improving energy efficiency.

[0069] In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the valve core 12, one end of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is a pressure relief inlet 101a, and the other end of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 is provided with a plug 13. The plug 13 is used to block the end of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 away from the pressure relief inlet 101a, and the plug 13 can be disassembled to open the pressure relief outer cavity 101 for easy replacement of components such as the valve core 12. The plug 13, after being disposed in the pressure relief outer cavity 101, can be part of the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101. The plug 13 also serves to directly contact the second elastic element 14 to provide support force to the second elastic element 14 when it undergoes elastic deformation.

[0070] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the opening area of ​​the first pressure relief outlet 101b is smaller than the opening area of ​​the second pressure relief outlet 101c.

[0071] In this embodiment, by making the opening area of ​​the first pressure relief outlet 101b smaller than the opening area of ​​the second pressure relief outlet 101c, graded control of the pressure relief flow rate is achieved. That is, the first pressure relief outlet 101b is used for low-flow pressure relief (low operating conditions), and the first pressure relief outlet 101b and the second pressure relief outlet 101c are used for high-flow pressure relief (high operating conditions). This more precisely matches the pressure requirements of the engine under different operating conditions and further reduces power loss.

[0072] Combination Figure 8 As shown, the side circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft section 1212 is provided with a groove 105. The groove 105 is used for chip removal, reducing the amount of debris that may enter between the intermediate shaft section 1212 of the valve core 12 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101 and jam the valve core 12.

[0073] In this embodiment, the groove 105 includes an annular groove 105a arranged around the axis of the main core 121 and a strip groove 105b arranged parallel to the axis of the main core 121. The annular groove 105a communicates with the strip groove 105b and is located on the side of the strip groove 105b near the front shaft section 1211. This facilitates the storage and timely discharge of debris and impurities between the intermediate shaft section 1212 of the valve core 12 and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, preventing debris and impurities from scratching the intermediate shaft section 1212 of the valve core 12 or the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity 101, thereby affecting the seal.

[0074] For example, the groove 105 includes a plurality of parallel strip grooves 105b, which are spaced apart from each other and are all connected to the annular groove 105a.

[0075] In summary, combining Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the pressure relief structure of this application achieves two-stage pressure relief by setting a first pressure relief path (low-pressure path) controlled by the slide valve 122 and a second pressure relief path (high-pressure path) controlled by the main core 121, and by using the first elastic element 123 and the second elastic element 14 with different elastic coefficients to set different pressure thresholds. That is, under low-speed, low-load and other low-flow-demand conditions, only the first pressure relief path is opened to provide precise, low-flow-demand relief, avoiding unnecessary increases in oil pressure, thereby directly reducing the power loss of driving the oil pump; under high-speed, high-load and other high-flow-demand conditions, both pressure relief paths are opened simultaneously to provide ample pressure relief capacity, which can ensure system safety and avoid additional power loss caused by excessive pressure.

[0076] In addition, the annular groove 105a and strip groove 105b provided on the intermediate shaft section 1212 of the main core 121 guide and accommodate small metal chips, casting sand particles and colloids and other impurities, which can effectively prevent valve core 12 from malfunctioning or leaking due to impurities getting stuck.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes an oil pump and the oil pump includes the pressure relief structure described above.

[0078] It should be understood that the pressure relief structure can be located on the main structure of the oil pump (excluding the pump cover) or on the pump cover of the oil pump.

[0079] In this embodiment, after the pressure relief structure is applied to the vehicle's oil pump, the oil pump can automatically adjust the pressure relief pressure according to the engine operating conditions, improve engine efficiency, reduce power loss, and extend engine life, thereby improving the overall performance and fuel economy of the vehicle.

[0080] For information on the oil pump and other vehicle components, please refer to existing technology; details will not be elaborated here.

[0081] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "some embodiments," "exemplarily," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application.

[0083] The illustrative expressions of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described herein, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0084] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of this application should fall within the scope of the patent coverage of this application.

Claims

1. A pressure relief structure, characterized in that, The system includes a housing and a valve core, wherein the housing has a pressure relief outer cavity and the valve core is installed in the pressure relief outer cavity; The pressure relief cavity is provided with a pressure relief inlet, a first pressure relief outlet and a second pressure relief outlet spaced apart from each other, a first pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet and the first pressure relief outlet, and a second pressure relief path connecting the pressure relief inlet and the second pressure relief outlet; The valve core has a first open state and a second open state that can be switched between each other. The external force on the valve core when it is in the first open state is less than the external force on the valve core when it is in the second open state. When the valve core is in the first open state, the first pressure relief path is open and the second pressure relief path is closed; when the valve core is in the second open state, both the first pressure relief path and the second pressure relief path are open.

2. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve core includes a main core and a slide valve. The main core is movably disposed within the pressure relief outer cavity. The main core has a pressure relief inner cavity and an oil drain hole connecting the pressure relief inner cavity and the first pressure relief outlet. The slide valve is movably disposed within the pressure relief inner cavity and has an oil inlet hole connecting the pressure relief inner cavity and the pressure relief inlet. The first pressure relief path includes the oil inlet hole, and the second pressure relief path includes the gap between the main core and the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity.

3. The pressure relief structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure relief cavity includes a first inner cavity section and a second inner cavity section. The first inner cavity section is closer to the pressure relief inlet than the second inner cavity section, and the inner diameter of the first inner cavity section is smaller than the inner diameter of the second inner cavity section. The drain hole is located on the cavity wall of the second inner cavity section; When the first pressure relief path is open, the slide valve moves until the outlet of the oil inlet is located in the second inner cavity section; when the first pressure relief path is closed, the slide valve moves until the outlet of the oil inlet is located in the first inner cavity section, and seals the outlet of the oil inlet through the cavity wall of the first inner cavity section.

4. The pressure relief structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve core also includes a first elastic element, one end of which is sleeved on the slide valve portion, and the other end of which abuts against the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity, and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the first pressure relief path.

5. The pressure relief structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main core includes a front shaft section, an intermediate shaft section and a rear shaft section arranged in sequence. The front shaft section and the rear shaft section are spaced apart from the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity. The outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section is larger than the outer diameter of the front shaft section and the outer diameter of the rear shaft section, and is fitted to the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity. Along the axial direction of the main core: the first pressure relief outlet is farther from the pressure relief inlet than the second pressure relief outlet; When the valve core is in the first open state, along the radial direction of the main core: the orthogonal projection of the intermediate shaft segment on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity covers the second pressure relief outlet and is spaced apart from the first pressure relief outlet; When the valve core is in the second open state, along the radial direction of the main core: the orthogonal projection of the intermediate shaft segment on the cavity wall of the pressure relief outer cavity is spaced apart from both the first pressure relief outlet and the second pressure relief outlet.

6. The pressure relief structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure relief structure also includes a second elastic element, which abuts against the cavity wall between the rear shaft section and the pressure relief outer cavity, and undergoes elastic deformation during the opening of the second pressure relief path.

7. The pressure relief structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side circumferential surface of the intermediate shaft section is provided with a groove.

8. The pressure relief structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The groove includes an annular groove arranged around the axis of the main core and a strip groove arranged parallel to the axis of the main core. The annular groove communicates with the strip groove and is located on the side of the strip groove closer to the front axle section.

9. The pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening area of ​​the first pressure relief outlet is smaller than the opening area of ​​the second pressure relief outlet.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes an oil pump, wherein the oil pump includes the pressure relief structure according to any one of claims 1-9.

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