Total station horizontal axis axial thrust control device

Abstract

The utility model relates to total station's technical field especially relates to a total station horizontal shaft axial thrust control device, including horizontal shaft and fixed in optical observation equipment of horizontal shaft, still include direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, its stator is fixed in the whole machine frame of total station, its rotor is connected with horizontal shaft through rotor fixed support, axial positioning structure is fixedly arranged on the whole machine frame, the stator is configured as the axial thrust that eliminates horizontal shaft axial play clearance through the electromagnetic action between both, axial thrust direction points to axial positioning structure, and horizontal shaft and axial positioning structure cooperate and determine the axial working position of optical observation equipment, reach eliminated the friction force change and dust pollution because of friction pair, thereby significantly improved total station's measurement precision consistency and servo control stability under complex environment, realized the effect of comprehensive promotion of product in precision, reliability, environmental adaptability and long -term service life finally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of total stations, and in particular to a horizontal axis axial thrust control device for a total station. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the horizontal and vertical axes of total stations need to meet extremely high perpendicularity requirements. However, due to the thin-walled structure resulting from the portability of the instruments, this cannot be achieved solely through machining precision and must rely on adjustment mechanisms. Regarding the limitation of the axial position of the optical observation equipment, existing technologies generally use elastic elements such as wave springs or coil springs to provide axial thrust. This method introduces an uncontrollable friction pair, whose friction coefficient is easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, directly degrading the consistency of servo control performance and measurement accuracy. At the same time, the dust generated by friction during long-term operation can contaminate the inside of the instrument, posing a risk of deteriorating lubrication and even causing short circuits, seriously affecting the reliability of the total station in harsh environments and its long-term stability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a total station horizontal axis axial thrust control device that addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies. This device eliminates frictional force variations and dust pollution caused by friction pairs, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy consistency and servo control stability of the total station in complex environments. While ensuring accurate axial positioning of the optical observation equipment and meeting high standards for the perpendicularity of the horizontal and vertical axes, it also provides axial protection for the grating disk assembly in non-working states. Ultimately, this invention achieves a comprehensive improvement in the product's accuracy, reliability, environmental adaptability, and long service life.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: including a horizontal axis and an optical observation and aiming device fixed to the horizontal axis; It also includes a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, whose stator is fixed to the overall frame of the total station, and whose rotor is connected to the horizontal axis through a rotor fixing bracket; It also includes an axial positioning structure, which is fixedly mounted on the machine frame; The stator and the rotor are configured to generate an axial thrust that eliminates the axial runout clearance of the horizontal shaft through electromagnetic interaction between them. The axial thrust is directed towards the axial positioning structure, and the horizontal axis cooperates with the axial positioning structure to jointly determine the axial working position of the optical observation and aiming device.

[0005] Furthermore, the axial positioning structure is a planar sliding thrust bearing.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment device that adjusts the axial relative position between the stator and the rotor and changes the magnitude of the axial thrust.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes an axial thrust adjustment shim, which is disposed between the rotor fixing bracket and the rotor.

[0008] Furthermore, the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the horizontal shaft to rotate about its axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal shaft is supported on the machine frame by rolling bearings on the left and right sides.

[0010] Furthermore, at least one of the rolling bearings is an adjusting bearing, and the perpendicularity of the horizontal axis to the vertical axis of the total station is adjusted by adjusting the radial position of the adjusting bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting bearing is a right-side bearing, and the right-side bearing, together with the rolling bearing ball cage assembly and the corresponding part of the horizontal shaft, constitutes a right-side rolling bearing.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a grating disk assembly, which is fixed to the horizontal axis and configured to restrict axial movement of the horizontal axis in a non-operating state.

[0013] A total station includes the aforementioned axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of the total station.

[0014] The system includes a horizontal axis and an optical observation and aiming device fixed to the horizontal axis; it also includes a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, the stator of which is fixed to the frame of the total station, and the rotor of which is connected to the horizontal axis through a rotor fixing bracket; it also includes an axial positioning structure, which is fixedly installed on the frame of the total station; the stator and the rotor are configured to generate an axial thrust to eliminate the axial movement gap of the horizontal axis through electromagnetic interaction between them; the axial thrust is directed towards the axial positioning structure, and the structure in which the horizontal axis and the axial positioning structure cooperate to determine the axial working position of the optical observation and aiming device, thereby eliminating frictional changes and dust pollution caused by friction pairs, and significantly improving the measurement accuracy consistency and servo control stability of the total station in complex environments. While ensuring the axial positioning accuracy of the optical observation and aiming device and the perpendicularity of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis to meet high standards, it also has the axial protection function of the grating disk assembly in the non-working state, ultimately achieving a comprehensive improvement in the product's accuracy, reliability, environmental adaptability and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of the total station according to an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial movement clearance in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the axial movement clearance position (before movement) of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the axial movement clearance position (after movement) of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a rotational schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure label: 1. Optical observation and aiming equipment; 2. Overall frame; 3. Stator of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor; 4. Right-side bearing; 5. Rotor mounting bracket of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor; 6. Axial thrust adjustment shim; 7. Rotor of direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor; 8. Rolling bearing ball cage assembly; 9. Left-side bearing; 10. Grating disk assembly; 11. Horizontal shaft; 12. Planar sliding thrust bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", and "outer" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] A total station horizontal axis axial thrust control device, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes a horizontal axis 11 and an optical observation and aiming device 1 fixed to the horizontal axis; It also includes a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, whose stator 3 is fixed to the overall frame 2 of the total station, and whose rotor 7 is connected to the horizontal shaft 11 through the rotor fixing bracket 5; It also includes an axial positioning structure, which is fixedly mounted on the machine frame 2; The stator 3 and the rotor 7 are configured to generate an axial thrust to eliminate the axial movement clearance of the horizontal shaft 11 through electromagnetic interaction between them. The axial thrust is directed towards the axial positioning structure, and the horizontal axis 11 cooperates with the axial positioning structure to jointly determine the axial working position of the optical observation and aiming device 1.

[0021] Specifically, the system includes a horizontal shaft 11 and an optical observation device 1 fixedly mounted on the horizontal shaft 11. The horizontal shaft 11 is supported on the frame 2 by rolling bearings on its left and right sides to achieve smooth rotation around the axis. The stator 3 of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor is fixed to the frame 2 by fasteners. The motor rotor 7 is connected to the horizontal shaft 11 by a rotor fixing bracket 5, which is used to fix the rotor 7 to the horizontal shaft 11 and transmit torque. An axial positioning structure is fixedly installed on the frame 2. In this embodiment, the axial positioning structure is formed by the left bearing 9 and the corresponding shoulder on the horizontal shaft 11 together to form a planar sliding thrust bearing. The motor stator 3 and the rotor 7 generate a constant axial thrust through electromagnetic interaction. The direction of this axial thrust is configured to point towards the axial positioning structure to the left. Under the action of this thrust, the horizontal shaft 11, together with the optical observation device 1 and the rotor 7, moves to the left as a whole and is continuously pressed against the axial positioning structure. Through this mechanism, the original axial movement clearance of the horizontal axis 11 is completely eliminated, and the axial working position of the optical observation and aiming device 1 can be accurately and stably determined. By using the electromagnetic force generated by the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor as the axial thrust source, the mechanical elastic element and the resulting friction pair required in the traditional scheme are fundamentally eliminated. This solves the problem of unstable servo control performance caused by changes in the friction coefficient with ambient temperature and humidity, and significantly improves the measurement accuracy consistency and working stability of the total station in complex and harsh environments. Since the easily worn elastic element is eliminated and the mutual friction between materials is avoided, this device no longer generates abrasive dust. This effectively prevents the risk of dust mixing with lubricating grease and deteriorating or scattering, causing internal short circuits in the instrument, thereby greatly improving the long-term reliability and lifespan of the instrument. Furthermore, active and controllable adjustment of the axial thrust is achieved. By fine-tuning the axial relative position between the motor stator 3 and the rotor 7, for example by adding or removing the axial thrust adjustment shim 6 between the rotor fixing bracket 5 and the rotor 7, the magnitude of the axial electromagnetic thrust can be precisely set, ensuring that the optical observation and aiming device 1 is stably maintained in the optimal axial working position.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the axial positioning structure is a planar sliding thrust bearing 12.

[0023] Specifically, during operation, the stator 3 and rotor 7 of the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor interact to generate a constant axial electromagnetic thrust. This thrust pushes the horizontal shaft 11 to move axially to the left until the mating surface of the horizontal shaft 11 is tightly fitted with the end face of the left bearing 9. Thus, the axial degree of freedom of the horizontal shaft 11 is constrained by this planar sliding thrust bearing, allowing the precise axial working position of the optical observation device 1 to be determined and maintained. Combining electromagnetic thrust with a planar sliding thrust bearing addresses the issue that, during assembly of the total station, adjustments to the right bearing 4 and other components are needed to fine-tune the perpendicularity of the horizontal shaft 11 to the vertical axis, resulting in a slight eccentricity between the horizontal shaft 11 and the bearing housing. The planar sliding thrust bearing can effectively accommodate this angular deviation, which is impossible with a planar rolling thrust bearing. Therefore, this structure, while ensuring the core function of precise axial positioning, perfectly accommodates the perpendicularity adjustment mechanism necessary for high-precision angle measurement in a total station, resolving the technical contradictions under specific structural constraints and improving the overall accuracy and reliability of the product.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it also includes an adjustment device, which adjusts the axial relative position between the stator 3 and the rotor 7 and changes the magnitude of the axial thrust.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the adjustment device includes an axial thrust adjustment shim 6, which is disposed between the rotor fixing bracket 5 and the rotor 7.

[0026] Specifically, the adjustment device includes an axial thrust adjustment shim 6. This axial thrust adjustment shim 6 is disposed between the rotor mounting bracket 5 and the rotor 7. By replacing the axial thrust adjustment shims 6 with shims of different thicknesses, the axial mounting position of the rotor 7 relative to the rotor mounting bracket 5 can be finely adjusted, thereby changing the axial air gap between the rotor 7 and the stationary stator 3. This minute change in air gap leads to a significant change in electromagnetic attraction, thus achieving precise adjustment of the magnitude of the axial thrust acting on the horizontal shaft 11. This provides a simple, reliable, and wear-free precise thrust adjustment mechanism. By selecting axial thrust adjustment shims 6 of different thicknesses, the axial electromagnetic thrust can be precisely set to the optimal value during assembly and debugging. This ensures that the optical observation and aiming device 1 is stably pressed into the axial working position, while avoiding problems such as excessive thrust leading to accelerated bearing wear or excessive load on the drive motor. This mechanical adjustment method has a stable structure and will not drift with time or temperature changes once set. It fundamentally eliminates the thrust instability caused by material fatigue or changes in the coefficient of friction of traditional elastic elements, and further improves the accuracy consistency and reliability of the total station in long-term operation.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the horizontal shaft 11 to rotate around its axis.

[0028] Specifically, after the motor stator 3 is energized, it generates a rotating magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnets on the rotor 7, generating a driving torque. This torque is transmitted to the horizontal shaft 11 through the rotor mounting bracket 5, thereby driving the horizontal shaft 11 and the optical observation device 1 fixed on it to achieve smooth rotational movement, completing the vertical angle scanning and measurement of the total station. The function of providing rotational drive and generating axial thrust is integrated into the same direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor. The integrated design eliminates the need for independent axial force application mechanisms and their transmission components required in traditional solutions, simplifying the overall mechanical structure. This not only reduces the complexity of parts and manufacturing costs but also avoids potential errors introduced by assembly errors of multiple independent mechanisms and mutual interference of different power sources. The system is controlled by a unified electromagnetic field to simultaneously control rotation and axial positioning, resulting in higher accuracy and more precise and coordinated control of the horizontal axis system.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the horizontal shaft 11 is supported on the machine frame 2 by rolling bearings on the left and right sides.

[0030] Specifically, the horizontal shaft 11 is supported on the machine frame 2 by rolling bearings on the left and right sides, thus providing stable and precise support for the rotation of the horizontal shaft 11.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5As shown, at least one of the rolling bearings is an adjusting bearing, and the perpendicularity of the horizontal axis 11 to the vertical axis of the total station is adjusted by adjusting the radial position of the adjusting bearing.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the adjusting bearing is the right-side bearing 4, and the right-side bearing 4, together with the rolling bearing ball cage assembly 8 and the corresponding part of the horizontal shaft 11, constitute the right-side rolling bearing.

[0033] Specifically, by designing the right-side bearing 4 as an adjustable component, a reliable and easy-to-operate verticality fine-tuning mechanism is provided for the system. This structure allows for precise calibration in the later stages of assembly, effectively compensating for shaft deviations caused by machining errors or deformations of thin-walled structural components such as the overall frame 2. This overcomes the technical bottleneck of relying solely on machining to ensure extremely high assembly precision. The application of the rolling bearing ball cage assembly 8 further ensures the rotational accuracy and stability during the adjustment process, enabling the perpendicularity between the horizontal shaft 11 and the vertical shaft to be stably adjusted and maintained within the extremely high precision range required by national standards.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it also includes a grating disk assembly 10, which is fixed to the horizontal axis 11 and configured to limit the axial movement of the horizontal axis 11 in the non-working state.

[0035] Specifically, when the system is operating normally with power on, the axial electromagnetic thrust generated by the direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor forces the horizontal shaft 11 against the axial positioning structure. At this time, the grating disk assembly 10 does not participate in axial limiting. However, when the total station is in a non-operating state of power-off transport or subjected to severe impact, the motor cannot provide axial constraint, and the horizontal shaft 11 is at risk of axial movement. At this time, the grating disk assembly 10 and the adjacent fixed parts will form a mechanical limit, restricting the axial movement range of the horizontal shaft 11, thereby preventing internal precision components from being damaged by impact due to excessive displacement. This provides an effective passive safety protection mechanism for the active axial thrust control system. In addition to its angle measurement function, the grating disk assembly 10 is given a second function of axial protection without the need for additional special parts. This solves the reliability problem of precision instruments under harsh working conditions such as transportation and handling, effectively protecting the precision shaft system composed of the horizontal shaft 11 optical observation device 1 and the left and right side bearings, preventing damage due to accidental impact, improving the overall durability and service life of the product, while maintaining the compactness of the structure.

[0036] A total station includes the aforementioned axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of the total station.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A total station horizontal axis axial thrust control device, characterized in that: Includes a horizontal axis (11) and an optical observation and aiming device (1) fixed to the horizontal axis; It also includes a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor, whose stator (3) is fixed to the frame (2) of the total station, and whose rotor (7) is connected to the horizontal shaft (11) through a rotor fixing bracket (5); It also includes an axial positioning structure, which is fixedly mounted on the machine frame (2); The stator (3) and the rotor (7) are configured to generate an axial thrust that eliminates the axial movement clearance of the horizontal shaft (11) through electromagnetic interaction between them. The axial thrust is directed towards the axial positioning structure, and the horizontal axis (11) cooperates with the axial positioning structure to jointly determine the axial working position of the optical observation and aiming device (1).

2. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial positioning structure is a planar sliding thrust bearing (12).

3. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment device that adjusts the axial relative position between the stator (3) and the rotor (7) and changes the magnitude of the axial thrust.

4. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment device includes an axial thrust adjustment shim (6), which is disposed between the rotor fixing bracket (5) and the rotor (7).

5. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the horizontal shaft (11) to rotate around its axis.

6. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal shaft (11) is supported on the frame (2) by rolling bearings on the left and right sides.

7. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the rolling bearings is an adjusting bearing, and the perpendicularity of the horizontal axis (11) to the vertical axis of the total station is adjusted by adjusting the radial position of the adjusting bearing.

8. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting bearing is a right-side bearing (4), and the right-side bearing (4), together with the rolling bearing ball cage assembly (8) and the corresponding part of the horizontal shaft (11), constitute a right-side rolling bearing.

9. The axial thrust control device for the horizontal axis of a total station according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a grating disk assembly (10), which is fixed to the horizontal axis (11) and configured to limit the axial movement of the horizontal axis (11) in a non-operating state.

10. A total station, characterized in that, Includes the total station horizontal axis axial thrust control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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