Battery negative electrode sheet incineration device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a scheme including battery negative pole piece incineration device, battery negative pole piece incineration device includes the casing with the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber has the furnace door and the exhaust port, the ignition spray system is located in the reaction chamber, can spray reaction medium and cool down, ensure that temperature is lower than the safety threshold, the flue gas treatment system is connected through the exhaust port, and the flue gas cooler, the cloth bag dust collector, the alkali washing absorption tower and the mist adsorption purification mechanism are included in proper order, are used for cooling, dust removal, absorption acid gas and organic matter, remove water mist and pollutant, and the exhaust device exports after purification gas, and the control device electric connection each system realizes the automation operation, and ensures the treatment process safety, environmental protection. The utility model discloses a scheme is designed to improve the security, the degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste battery technology, and in particular to a battery negative electrode incineration device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the treatment of waste lithium battery negative electrode sheets mainly relies on high-temperature incineration with external fuel, using a burner to continuously heat and decompose organic matter. This method consumes large amounts of fuels such as natural gas or electricity, resulting in high operating costs. Furthermore, much of the heat generated during combustion is directly lost and not effectively recovered, leading to energy waste. Simultaneously, the incineration process easily produces acidic gases such as HF and HCl, as well as particulate matter; if the purification system is inadequate, secondary pollution can easily occur. Overall, this technology suffers from high energy consumption, poor economic efficiency, and low resource utilization, lacking energy self-sufficiency and heat recovery mechanisms, which does not align with the development direction of green and low-carbon recycling. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a battery negative electrode incineration device, which aims to improve safety and automation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a battery negative electrode incineration device, comprising:

[0005] The housing includes a reaction chamber and a furnace door and an exhaust port communicating with the reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is used to place the negative electrode sheet of the battery;

[0006] An ignition spray system is located in the reaction chamber and sprays out a reaction medium that can react with the negative electrode of the battery and can cool the reaction chamber so that the temperature inside the reaction chamber is lower than a preset safe temperature.

[0007] A flue gas treatment system is connected to the housing through the exhaust port. The flue gas treatment system includes a flue gas cooler, a bag filter, an alkaline scrubbing absorption tower, and a demisting adsorption purification mechanism connected in sequence. The flue gas cooler is used to cool down the high-temperature flue gas. The bag filter is used to remove particulate matter from the cooled flue gas. The alkaline scrubbing absorption tower absorbs acidic waste gas and hydrophilic organic matter. The demisting adsorption purification mechanism is used to remove water mist and pollutants.

[0008] An exhaust device, connected to the demisting adsorption purification mechanism, is used to discharge the clean gas treated by the flue gas treatment system into the atmosphere.

[0009] A control device is electrically connected to the ignition spray system, the flue gas treatment system, and the exhaust device. The control device is used to control the operation of the ignition spray system, the flue gas treatment system, and the exhaust device.

[0010] In one embodiment, the vent is located at the top of the housing.

[0011] In one embodiment, the housing is further provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the reaction chamber and is used to provide combustion air into the reaction chamber.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery negative electrode incineration device further includes an air inlet louver assembly, which is disposed at the air inlet and includes an inclined blade structure for guiding combustion air into the reaction chamber evenly.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reaction chamber is equipped with a combustion basin suitable for placing the negative electrode sheet of the battery, the ignition spray system is located above the combustion basin, and the combustion basin has a drain outlet for discharging wastewater.

[0014] In one embodiment, the housing is further provided with a discharge trough, the combustion basin is connected to the discharge trough, and the discharge trough is located below the combustion basin so that the residue after combustion can fall from the combustion basin into the discharge trough and be discharged.

[0015] In one embodiment, the demisting adsorption purification mechanism includes a demister and an activated carbon adsorption structure connected in sequence. The demister is used to remove water droplets from the flue gas, and the activated carbon adsorption structure is used to adsorb residual hydrophobic organic pollutants and odor substances.

[0016] In one embodiment, the alkaline scrubbing absorption tower includes a dosing pump, an alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank, a water pump, and a spray layer. The alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank is used to store an alkaline solution. The inlet of the dosing pump is connected to the alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank, and the outlet of the dosing pump is connected to the spray layer. The dosing pump is used to transport the alkaline solution from the alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank to the spray layer to adjust the pH value of the spray liquid. The water pump is used to replenish water to the spray layer to form an alkaline spray liquid for neutralizing acidic gases in the flue gas.

[0017] In one embodiment, the exhaust device includes a fan and a chimney. The fan is disposed between the demisting adsorption purification mechanism and the chimney to provide power for gas flow. The chimney is connected to the outlet of the fan to lift and discharge the treated clean gas.

[0018] In one embodiment, the battery negative electrode incineration device further includes a temperature sensor located within the ignition spray system. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control device, which controls the temperature sensor to detect when the temperature inside the reaction chamber exceeds a preset safe temperature.

[0019] This utility model discloses a battery negative electrode incineration device. The device is a shell with a reaction chamber. The chamber is accessed via a furnace door for adding the negative electrode and cleaning residue. The exhaust port is used to vent the flue gas generated during the reaction to a subsequent purification system. The ignition spray system not only sprays a reaction medium that can initiate or promote the decomposition of organic components in the negative electrode, achieving effective "incineration" or pyrolysis, but also has an active cooling function. By spraying a cooling medium, the temperature inside the reaction chamber is controlled in real time to ensure that it is always below the preset safe temperature. The flue gas treatment system is connected to the casing via the exhaust port and employs a multi-stage series purification process: First, a flue gas cooler cools the high-temperature flue gas to prevent damage to subsequent equipment. Next, a bag filter removes fine particulate matter from the flue gas. Then, the gas enters an alkaline scrubbing absorption tower, where an alkaline solution neutralizes and absorbs acidic gases such as hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide, as well as some hydrophilic organic pollutants. Finally, a demisting adsorption purification mechanism further removes entrained water mist and captures residual volatile organic compounds and odor substances through adsorption materials, ensuring highly clean exhaust gas. An exhaust device is installed at the end of the battery negative electrode incineration unit to release the thoroughly purified gas into the atmosphere, meeting environmental emission standards. The entire system is managed by a central control unit, which is electrically connected to the ignition spray system, each flue gas treatment unit, and the exhaust device. This control unit enables automated operation such as temperature monitoring, spray start / stop, and fan adjustment, ensuring a stable, efficient, and safe treatment process. This design solves problems such as high-temperature runaway, harmful gas emissions, and secondary pollution that may occur during the combustion of battery negative electrode sheets by integrating reaction control, multi-stage flue gas purification, and intelligent automated management, demonstrating a comprehensive optimization of safety, environmental protection, and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the cooling structure provided by this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0023] 10. Shell; 11. Reaction chamber; 12. Furnace door; 13. Exhaust port; 20. Ignition spray system; 30. Flue gas treatment system; 31. Flue gas cooler; 32. Bag filter; 33. Alkali washing absorption tower; 331. Dosing pump; 332. Alkali washing tower dosing tank; 333. Water pump; 34. Demisting adsorption purification mechanism; 40. Exhaust device; 41. Fan; 42. Chimney.

[0024] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0028] This utility model proposes a battery negative electrode sheet incineration device.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, a battery negative electrode incineration device includes:

[0030] The housing 10 is provided with a reaction chamber 11 and a furnace door 12 and an exhaust port 13 communicating with the reaction chamber 11. The reaction chamber 11 is used to place the negative electrode sheet of the battery.

[0031] The ignition spray system 20 is located in the reaction chamber 11 and sprays out a reaction medium that can react with the negative electrode of the battery and can cool the reaction chamber 11 so that the temperature inside the reaction chamber 11 is lower than a preset safe temperature.

[0032] The flue gas treatment system 30 is connected to the housing 10 through the exhaust port 13. The flue gas treatment system 30 includes a flue gas cooler 31, a bag filter 32, an alkaline washing absorption tower 33, and a demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 connected in sequence. The flue gas cooler 31 is used to cool down the high-temperature flue gas. The bag filter 32 is used to remove particulate matter from the cooled flue gas. The alkaline washing absorption tower 33 absorbs acidic waste gas and hydrophilic organic matter. The demisting adsorption purification mechanism is used to remove water mist and pollutants.

[0033] The exhaust device 40 is connected to the demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 and is used to discharge the clean gas treated by the flue gas treatment system 30 into the atmosphere.

[0034] The control device is electrically connected to the ignition spray system 20, the flue gas treatment system 30, and the exhaust device 40. The control device is used to control the operation of the ignition spray system 20, the flue gas treatment system 30, and the exhaust device 40.

[0035] This battery negative electrode incineration device is designed to achieve a safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly waste treatment process. The entire system is centered around a housing 10, within which a reaction chamber 11 accommodates the battery negative electrode sheets to be processed. Loading and unloading are achieved through an openable / closable furnace door 12, while an exhaust port 13 provides a discharge channel for the flue gas generated during the reaction. Furthermore, the furnace door 12 can be equipped with an electromagnetic lock and limit switch protection, ensuring that it remains electrically closed during operation to guarantee safety. Further, to ensure controllable reaction and prevent overheating that could lead to safety hazards, the device is equipped with an ignition spray system 20 located within the reaction chamber 11. This system not only sprays the reaction medium that reacts with the battery negative electrode sheets to initiate and maintain the incineration process but also sprays a cooling medium, regulating the temperature within the reaction chamber in real time to keep it below a preset safe temperature threshold, thereby avoiding risks such as overheating or secondary combustion. The high-temperature flue gas generated from incineration enters the flue gas treatment system 30 through exhaust port 13. This system employs a multi-stage series flue gas treatment system 30. First, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled by the flue gas cooler 31, reducing the heat load on subsequent equipment and improving treatment efficiency. Then, the flue gas passes through a bag filter 32 to effectively remove particulate matter and dust carried in the flue gas, preventing blockage and pollution. Next, the flue gas enters the alkaline scrubbing absorption tower 33, where acidic gases (such as HCl, SO2, etc.) and hydrophilic organic pollutants are absorbed and neutralized by the alkaline solution, significantly reducing their emission concentration. Finally, the gas passes through a demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 to further remove residual water mist and recalcitrant trace organic matter and heavy metals, ensuring that the emitted gas meets environmental protection standards. The treated clean gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust device 40, ensuring the cleanliness of the final emission. The entire system is operated in a unified and coordinated manner by a control device, which is electrically connected to the ignition spray system 20, the flue gas treatment system 30, and the exhaust device 40. This device can automatically adjust the working status of each component according to preset programs or real-time monitoring data, achieving automated and intelligent operation, improving processing efficiency while ensuring operational safety. In summary, this design, through integrated reaction control, multi-stage flue gas purification, and intelligent management, solves problems such as high-temperature runaway, harmful gas emissions, and secondary pollution that may occur during the combustion of battery negative electrode sheets. It demonstrates a comprehensive optimization of safety, environmental friendliness, and reliability, fully responding to the urgent need for green and sustainable technologies in the battery recycling field.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust port 13 is disposed on the top of the housing 10.

[0037] During the combustion of the battery negative electrode sheet, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas is generated in the reaction chamber 11. This flue gas expands due to heat, has a lower density than cold air, and exhibits a natural upward movement, following the convection law of "hot air rises, cold air sinks." Positioning the exhaust port 13 at the top of the casing 10, precisely at the highest point where the hot flue gas naturally accumulates, fully utilizes this thermal buoyancy effect to achieve efficient and rapid exhaust of the flue gas, reducing its residence time within the reaction chamber 11. This improves the overall system's exhaust efficiency and prevents increased pressure or reaction obstruction caused by flue gas accumulation. Simultaneously, top exhaust helps promote orderly upward airflow within the reaction chamber 11, facilitating a complete combustion process and, in conjunction with the ignition spray system 20, achieving more uniform reaction and heat dissipation. Furthermore, this layout effectively prevents incompletely cooled high-temperature particles or sparks from being carried into the subsequent flue gas treatment system with the flue gas, as larger particles will partially settle due to gravity during their ascent, reducing the risk of wear and blockage to downstream equipment (such as bag filters and alkaline scrubbing towers). More importantly, the top exhaust design helps reduce the leakage of toxic and harmful fumes from the furnace opening when the furnace door 12 is opened and closed, ensuring the safety of operators. In summary, placing the exhaust port 13 at the top of the shell 10 not only conforms to the natural flow direction of high-temperature flue gas, improving system operating efficiency and safety, but also optimizes airflow organization and reduces the risk of secondary pollution.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the housing 10 is further provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the reaction chamber 11 and is used to provide combustion air to the reaction chamber 11.

[0039] In the battery negative electrode incineration device, an air inlet connected to the reaction chamber 11 is provided on the housing 10. Its core purpose is to provide stable and controllable combustion air for the incineration process, ensuring a complete, efficient, and controllable reaction. The battery negative electrode is mainly composed of carbonaceous materials (such as graphite), organic binders (such as PVDF), and copper foil. Carbon and organic matter must undergo an oxidation reaction (i.e., combustion) with oxygen at high temperatures to achieve effective decomposition and energy release. If there is insufficient oxygen supply, combustion will be incomplete, leading not only to low thermal efficiency and prolonged reaction time, but also to the generation of large amounts of carbon monoxide, carbon black particles, and unburned harmful organic matter, increasing the burden on the subsequent flue gas treatment system and potentially causing secondary pollution or explosion risks. By providing a dedicated air inlet, external air can be actively introduced into the reaction chamber 11 as an oxygen source to support the continuous combustion reaction, ensuring that the combustible components in the negative electrode are completely oxidized and decomposed, improving incineration efficiency and volume reduction. Meanwhile, the location and size of the air inlet can be optimized to coordinate with the ignition spray system 20 and the exhaust port 13 to form a reasonable aerodynamic circulation. Air enters through the air inlet, participates in combustion in the reaction zone, and then the high-temperature flue gas naturally rises and is discharged from the exhaust port 13 at the top, thereby establishing a stable airflow path and promoting combustion uniformity and heat distribution. In addition, the air inlet can also be linked with the control device to adjust the combustion air on demand based on feedback signals from sensors such as temperature and oxygen content in the reaction chamber 11. This avoids excessive air supply leading to heat loss or insufficient air supply causing incomplete combustion, thus achieving intelligent and precise control of the combustion process.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the battery negative electrode incineration device further includes an air inlet louver assembly, which is disposed at the air inlet and includes an inclined blade structure for guiding combustion air to enter the reaction chamber 11 evenly.

[0041] In the battery negative electrode incineration device, an air inlet louver assembly is installed at the air inlet, and this air inlet louver assembly adopts an inclined blade structure. This is a comprehensive consideration for optimizing airflow organization, improving combustion efficiency, and ensuring stable system operation. When combustion air enters the reaction chamber 11 from the outside through the air inlet, without a guiding structure, the airflow is prone to turbulence, local concentration, or eddies, resulting in uneven oxygen distribution within the chamber. This leads to inconsistent temperatures in the combustion zone, incomplete combustion in some areas, or local overheating, affecting overall combustion efficiency and potentially exacerbating pollutant generation. By installing an air inlet louver assembly with inclined blades, the incoming airflow can be effectively guided and rectified, allowing the airflow to enter the reaction chamber 11 in a more stable and uniform direction and speed, forming a reasonable air distribution field. This promotes sufficient contact and reaction between oxygen and combustible components (such as graphite, binders, etc.) in the battery negative electrode, improving combustion completeness and thermal energy utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, the inclined blade structure can also prevent external rainwater, dust, or large particles from directly entering the reaction chamber with the airflow, providing initial protection, reducing contamination and corrosion of internal equipment, and extending the service life of the device. Furthermore, the inclined design of the louvers helps reduce wind resistance and energy loss during air intake. The blade angle can be adjusted according to actual combustion needs (in adjustable designs), enabling flexible control of airflow volume and direction, further enhancing the system's adaptability and controllability. Combined with a control device, dynamic airflow adjustment based on parameters such as temperature and oxygen concentration can be achieved, ensuring the combustion process is always in optimal combustion condition. Therefore, the introduction of the air intake louver assembly improves the uniformity and controllability of air intake.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, a combustion basin suitable for placing a battery negative electrode sheet is arranged in the reaction chamber 11, the ignition spray system 20 is located above the combustion basin, and the combustion basin is provided with a drain outlet for discharging wastewater.

[0043] In the battery negative electrode incineration device, a dedicated combustion basin is installed inside the reaction chamber 11, and the ignition spray system 20 is positioned above the combustion basin. A drain outlet is also provided at the bottom of the combustion basin. This design represents a systematic optimization considering multiple aspects, including safety control, efficient reaction, pollutant management, and equipment maintenance. The combustion basin, specifically designed to support the battery negative electrode, concentrates the material to be processed in a fixed area, preventing it from scattering randomly within the reaction chamber 11. This ensures the combustion process is concentrated within the designed thermal reaction zone, promoting concentrated heat, uniform temperature, and complete combustion. It also facilitates automated loading / unloading and residue collection. Positioning the ignition spray system 20 above the combustion basin allows the sprayed reaction medium (such as an oxidizer or ignition aid) and cooling medium (such as water or coolant) to act perpendicularly to the negative electrode surface under gravity. This achieves the most direct and efficient ignition and temperature control, ensuring wide spray coverage, rapid reaction response, and timely cooling when temperatures are too high, preventing localized overheating or runaway combustion. More importantly, the drain outlet on the combustion chamber is used to drain wastewater generated during the spraying process, as well as condensate or cleaning residue that may be produced due to the high-temperature reaction, preventing liquid accumulation in the combustion chamber. This design has multiple advantages: Firstly, timely drainage prevents water accumulation from affecting ignition safety or causing safety hazards such as vapor explosions of high-temperature metal components (such as copper foil) upon contact with water; secondly, the wastewater may contain fluorides, acidic substances, or other dissolved contaminants (from binder decomposition). The centralized drain outlet allows these liquids to be systematically discharged, facilitating subsequent collection and treatment, and preventing repeated evaporation and condensation within the reaction chamber 11, which could cause equipment corrosion or contaminant backflow into the flue gas system, thus protecting the equipment and improving flue gas purification efficiency. Furthermore, the drain outlet design also facilitates flushing and cleaning of the equipment after operation, improving maintenance convenience.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the housing 10 is further provided with a discharge trough, the combustion basin is connected to the discharge trough, and the discharge trough is located below the combustion basin so that the residue after combustion can fall from the combustion basin into the discharge trough and be discharged.

[0045] In the battery negative electrode incineration device, a discharge chute located below and connected to the combustion basin is installed inside the shell 10. This is a key structural design for the efficient, safe, and automated discharge of incineration residue. After the battery negative electrode is incinerated at high temperature in the combustion basin, its organic components (such as binder PVDF, carbon materials, etc.) are oxidized and decomposed, while the non-combustible metal components (mainly copper foil) and a small amount of ash form solid residue. If this residue is not removed from the reaction chamber in a timely and thorough manner, it will not only occupy the combustion space and affect the normal feeding and combustion efficiency of the next batch of materials, but may also cause uneven heating of the combustion basin, reduced heat transfer efficiency, and even equipment blockage or corrosion due to long-term accumulation, affecting the continuous operation and service life of the device. By setting a discharge chute below the combustion basin and connecting it to the combustion basin, after the incineration process is completed, the cooled residue can be allowed to fall naturally into the discharge chute below under gravity by opening the slag discharge port at the bottom of the combustion basin or by tilting and flipping the structure, thus achieving automatic descent and collection of the residue. This vertically connected, top-down slag discharge path design fully utilizes the principle of gravity, enabling slag discharge without additional power. It features a simple structure, reliable operation, and low maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the unloading trough serves as a temporary storage and outlet channel for residues, guiding collected residues to an external slag collection container for centralized processing or resource recovery (such as copper recovery), enhancing the automation and resource utilization of the entire system. Furthermore, this design effectively avoids safety risks such as high-temperature burns and dust exposure associated with manual slag cleaning, ensuring operator safety. Combined with the opening and closing control of the furnace door 12, combustion can be completed in a closed state, and the unloading system can be opened after safe cooling, achieving a complete process of "closed processing—safe cooling—automatic slag discharge," further enhancing the environmental friendliness and operational safety of the device. Therefore, the coordinated layout of the unloading trough and combustion basin not only solves the problem of efficient solid residue discharge but also optimizes the equipment operation process, improving the system's continuity, safety, and maintainability.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 includes a demister and an activated carbon adsorption structure connected in sequence. The demister is used to remove water droplets from the flue gas, and the activated carbon adsorption structure is used to adsorb residual hydrophobic organic pollutants and odor substances.

[0047] In the battery negative electrode incineration device, the demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 is designed to include a demister and an activated carbon adsorption structure connected in sequence. This is a deep purification measure taken to address the fine droplets, water mist, and recalcitrant hydrophobic organic pollutants and odor substances that may still be carried in the flue gas after the pretreatment stage, aiming to ensure the cleanliness and environmental friendliness of the final emission gas. After the flue gas is cooled by the flue gas cooler 31, dusted by the bag filter 32, and washed by the alkaline washing absorption tower 33, although most particulate matter, acidic gases, and hydrophilic pollutants have been removed, a certain amount of fine droplets and water mist will inevitably remain in the flue gas. These water mists will not only affect the normal operation of subsequent equipment (such as corroding pipes and reducing the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon), but may also cause visible "white smoke" in the emission gas, leading to visual pollution and public misunderstanding. Therefore, a demister is first installed to efficiently remove the residual droplets and water mist in the flue gas using physical principles such as inertial collision, interception, and condensation, further drying and clarifying the gas and creating favorable conditions for the subsequent adsorption process. Subsequently, the flue gas enters the activated carbon adsorption structure. Activated carbon, with its extremely large specific surface area and abundant microporous structure, can effectively capture hydrophobic organic pollutants (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene series compounds, and other water-insoluble volatile organic compounds) and pungent odor substances (such as thiols and amines) remaining after the pretreatment through physical adsorption and partial chemical adsorption. These substances are often difficult to completely remove by wet scrubbing, while activated carbon adsorption is currently one of the most mature and reliable terminal purification methods. By using a cascaded combination of a demister and the activated carbon adsorption structure, stepwise and efficient removal of liquid and gaseous pollutants from the flue gas is achieved: demister first, then adsorb, significantly improving the adsorption capacity and service life of the activated carbon and reducing operating costs. At the same time, this design ensures that the final emission gas is clear, mist-free, and odorless, fully meeting the stringent standards for atmospheric pollutant emissions, and is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios sensitive to the surrounding environment.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the alkaline washing absorption tower 33 includes a dosing pump 331, an alkaline washing tower dosing tank 332, a water pump 333, and a spray layer. The alkaline washing tower dosing tank 332 is used to store alkaline solution. The inlet of the dosing pump 331 is connected to the alkaline washing tower dosing tank 332, and the outlet of the dosing pump 331 is connected to the spray layer. The dosing pump 331 is used to transport the alkaline solution from the alkaline washing tower dosing tank 332 to the spray layer to adjust the pH value of the spray liquid. The water pump 333 is used to replenish water to the spray layer to form an alkaline spray liquid for neutralizing acidic gases in the flue gas.

[0049] The alkaline scrubbing absorption tower 33 is designed as an integrated system comprising a dosing pump 331, an alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank 332, a water pump 333, and a spray layer. This is a key technical solution for achieving efficient, stable, and controllable removal of acidic gases (such as HCl, HF, SO2, etc.) and hydrophilic organic matter from flue gas. During the incineration process of battery negative electrode sheets, the organic binders (such as PVDF) they contain decompose to produce large amounts of highly acidic gases such as hydrogen fluoride (HF) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). These gases are not only highly corrosive and can damage equipment and pipelines, but direct emissions will also severely pollute the atmosphere, causing environmental problems such as acid rain. Therefore, neutralization treatment must be carried out through wet alkaline scrubbing. In this design, the dosing tank 332 of the alkaline scrubbing tower stores sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or other alkaline solutions as the source of reagents for the neutralization reaction. The dosing pump 331, based on real-time monitoring signals of the flue gas load and the pH value of the spray solution (which can be automatically adjusted by the control system), precisely delivers the alkaline solution from the dosing tank 332 to the spray layer inside the tower, achieving on-demand dosing of reagents. This ensures sufficient neutralization capacity while avoiding reagent waste and improving operational economy. Simultaneously, the water pump 333 replenishes the spray layer with clean water, which mixes with the alkaline solution in the spray layer or is transported separately to form an alkaline spray solution with a specific pH value. This solution is evenly sprayed onto the packing layer through which the flue gas flows or directly contacts the flue gas in a counter-current flow, increasing the gas-liquid contact area, promoting the full conduct of the acid-base neutralization reaction, and efficiently removing acidic pollutants such as HCl and HF. Through the coordinated operation of the dosing pump 331 and the water pump 333, the system can dynamically adjust the pH value of the spray solution, maintaining it within the optimal reaction range (typically 9–12), ensuring that the purification efficiency remains at a high level, and achieving stable emissions compliance even under fluctuating flue gas composition. Furthermore, the spray layer design distributes the alkaline solution in a mist or film form, greatly improving mass transfer efficiency, shortening reaction time, and enhancing treatment capacity. The overall structure achieves complete closed-loop control of reagent storage, quantitative delivery, water preparation, and efficient spraying, not only improving the automation and intelligence level of the alkaline washing process but also significantly enhancing the system's adaptability, stability, and environmental reliability.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust device 40 includes a fan 41 and a chimney 42. The fan 41 is disposed between the demisting adsorption purification mechanism and the chimney 42 to provide power for gas flow. The chimney 42 is connected to the outlet of the fan 42 to lift and discharge the treated clean gas.

[0051] The exhaust system 40 is designed to include a fan 41 positioned between the demisting adsorption purification mechanism and the chimney 42, and a chimney 42 connected to the outlet of the fan 41. This design is based on a comprehensive consideration of ensuring emission reliability, protecting equipment, and meeting environmental protection requirements. Although the flue gas is clean after multi-stage treatment, it still requires sufficient power to overcome system resistance and achieve effective emission. Placing the fan 41 after the demisting adsorption purification mechanism 34 allows it to operate in an environment where the flue gas has been thoroughly dried and purified. This avoids corrosion, scaling, or blockage of the impeller caused by high humidity, liquid, or dust-laden flue gas, significantly improving the operational stability and service life of the fan 41. At the same time, the fan 41 provides forced power to ensure stable and continuous airflow, unaffected by external wind or temperature fluctuations. The chimney 42, connected subsequently, utilizes its height advantage to elevate the clean gas to a higher altitude, achieving wider dilution and diffusion through atmospheric turbulence. This effectively reduces the concentration of pollutants on the ground, avoids visual pollution such as "white smoke," and meets the stringent requirements of environmental regulations regarding emission height and diffusion performance. This layout achieves functional separation and optimization of power transmission and high-altitude emission, ensuring efficient system operation while minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. Furthermore, placing the fan 41 after the alkaline scrubbing absorption tower 33, rather than at the front or end of the system, offers significant technical advantages: Firstly, the flue gas undergoes cooling, dust reduction, and removal of highly corrosive acidic gases by passing through the alkaline scrubbing absorption tower 33 before entering the fan 41, greatly reducing damage to the fan impeller and motor from the high-temperature, high-humidity, and highly corrosive environment, extending the fan's service life, and reducing equipment maintenance frequency. Secondly, this location avoids the fan 41 directly drawing in raw flue gas containing high concentrations of particulate matter (as placing the fan 41 before the bag filter 32 could easily lead to impeller wear), and also prevents it from operating in extreme high-temperature environments for extended periods (such as near the outlet of reaction chamber 11), improving system reliability and safety. Simultaneously, the fan 41 can be linked with the control device to adjust its speed according to the system's airflow requirements, achieving precise airflow control under varying operating conditions, optimizing energy consumption, and adapting to different processing loads. In this embodiment, the fan 41 is preferably a centrifugal fan.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment of the present invention, the battery negative electrode incineration device further includes a temperature sensor located within the ignition spray system 20. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control device, which is used to control the temperature sensor to detect when the temperature inside the reaction chamber 11 exceeds a preset safe temperature.

[0053] Integrating a temperature sensor within the ignition spray system 20 of the battery negative electrode incineration device and electrically connecting it to the control device is a core design feature for real-time monitoring, active safety protection, and intelligent control of the reaction process. During combustion, the battery negative electrode releases a significant amount of heat. Especially when the carbon materials and organic binders (such as PVDF) oxidize rapidly, the temperature within the reaction chamber 11 can easily rise rapidly. Without effective temperature monitoring and control, this could lead to overheating, equipment deformation, material failure, or even serious safety accidents such as secondary combustion or explosion. By integrating a temperature sensor within the ignition spray system 20 or at a critical location, the real-time temperature changes in the core area of ​​the reaction chamber can be directly and accurately sensed, and the temperature signal can be transmitted to the control device in real time. The control device is pre-set with a safe temperature threshold (e.g., 800℃ or 1000℃ based on the material's temperature resistance limit or process requirements). Once the temperature exceeds this preset value, the system can immediately and automatically trigger a response mechanism, such as activating the cooling spray function in the ignition spray system 20 to spray water mist or inert cooling medium into the reaction chamber 11, rapidly absorbing heat, reducing the temperature, and preventing thermal runaway. Simultaneously, the control device can also link with other components, such as adjusting the air intake, pausing feeding, or issuing alarm signals, achieving multi-level safety protection. Placing the temperature sensor inside the ignition spray system 20 offers advantages such as fast response speed, proximity to the thermal reaction center, and minimal environmental interference, enabling more sensitive detection of temperature anomalies and improving control accuracy.

[0054] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery negative electrode incineration device, characterized in that, include: The housing includes a reaction chamber and a furnace door and an exhaust port communicating with the reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is used to place the negative electrode sheet of the battery; An ignition spray system is located in the reaction chamber and sprays out a reaction medium that can react with the negative electrode of the battery and can cool the reaction chamber so that the temperature inside the reaction chamber is lower than a preset safe temperature. A flue gas treatment system is connected to the housing through the exhaust port. The flue gas treatment system includes a flue gas cooler, a bag filter, an alkaline scrubbing absorption tower, and a demisting adsorption purification mechanism connected in sequence. The flue gas cooler is used to cool down the high-temperature flue gas. The bag filter is used to remove particulate matter from the cooled flue gas. The alkaline scrubbing absorption tower absorbs acidic waste gas and hydrophilic organic matter. The demisting adsorption purification mechanism is used to remove water mist and pollutants. An exhaust device, connected to the demisting adsorption purification mechanism, is used to discharge the clean gas treated by the flue gas treatment system into the atmosphere. A control device is electrically connected to the ignition spray system, the flue gas treatment system, and the exhaust device. The control device is used to control the operation of the ignition spray system, the flue gas treatment system, and the exhaust device.

2. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust port is located at the top of the housing.

3. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the reaction chamber and is used to provide combustion air into the reaction chamber.

4. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery negative electrode incineration device also includes an air inlet louver assembly, which is disposed at the air inlet and includes an inclined blade structure for guiding combustion air into the reaction chamber evenly.

5. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction chamber is equipped with a combustion basin suitable for placing the negative electrode sheet of the battery. The ignition spray system is located above the combustion basin. The combustion basin has a drain outlet for discharging wastewater.

6. The battery negative electrode incineration apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with a discharge trough, and the combustion basin is connected to the discharge trough. The discharge trough is located below the combustion basin so that the residue after combustion can fall from the combustion basin into the discharge trough and be discharged.

7. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The demisting adsorption purification mechanism includes a demister and an activated carbon adsorption structure connected in sequence. The demister is used to remove water droplets from the flue gas, and the activated carbon adsorption structure is used to adsorb residual hydrophobic organic pollutants and odor substances.

8. The battery negative electrode incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkaline scrubbing absorption tower includes a dosing pump, an alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank, a water pump, and a spray layer. The alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank is used to store alkaline solution. The inlet of the dosing pump is connected to the alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank, and the outlet of the dosing pump is connected to the spray layer. The dosing pump is used to transport the alkaline solution from the alkaline scrubbing tower dosing tank to the spray layer to adjust the pH value of the spray liquid. The water pump is used to replenish water to the spray layer to form an alkaline spray liquid for neutralizing acidic gases in the flue gas.

9. The battery negative electrode incineration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust device includes a fan and a chimney. The fan is located between the demisting adsorption purification mechanism and the chimney to provide power for gas flow. The chimney is connected to the outlet of the fan to lift and discharge the treated clean gas.

10. The battery negative electrode incineration apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery negative electrode incineration device also includes a temperature sensor located within the ignition spray system. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control device, which controls the temperature sensor to detect when the temperature inside the reaction chamber exceeds a preset safe temperature.

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