A laboratory condenser

Abstract

The utility model belongs to laboratory condenser technical field discloses a laboratory condenser. The device includes cavity, the cavity upper and lower ends are connected with upper cover and lower cover respectively, the cavity inside still is provided with the condenser pipe of spiral structure, the liquid outlet and liquid inlet of condenser pipe all are fixedly connected to the cavity lateral wall, the lower cover inside is provided with the deflector, the upper cover top center is connected with the exhaust port, the lower cover bottom center is provided with the gas inlet. Condenser pipe adopts "outer spiral pipe + internal straight pipe" composite structure, adds spiral fin between both simultaneously, makes the heat exchange area than traditional single spiral pipe to increase 60% or more, in addition, the spiral pipe whole presents the trapezoidal structure of big down small, can guide steam to spiral rise along the pipe wall, prolongs the steam to stay in the cavity, ensures steam and condenser pipe fully heat exchange, adapts high purity distillation and other precision experiment demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laboratory condenser technology, specifically a laboratory condenser. Background Technology

[0002] Laboratory condensers are core equipment in experimental processes such as chemical synthesis and sample purification (e.g., distillation, reflux). Their core function is to cool and condense gaseous substances into liquids through heat exchange. The condensation efficiency, airflow uniformity, sealing reliability, and ease of maintenance of the equipment directly affect the accuracy, safety, and efficiency of the experiment.

[0003] Existing laboratory condensers have the following key shortcomings in practical applications: Low condensation efficiency: Traditional condensers mostly have single spiral tubes or straight pipe structures for their condenser tubes, resulting in limited heat exchange area. Furthermore, the contact between steam and the condenser tubes is often "partially glancing over" with a short residence time, which can easily lead to incomplete condensation in certain areas. For example, steam in the central area of ​​the cavity may not fully contact the tube wall, resulting in a condensation efficiency of less than 80%, which is insufficient to meet the requirements of high-purity separation experiments.

[0004] Uneven airflow distribution: After steam enters the cavity from the air inlet, it tends to concentrate in a local area at the bottom of the condenser tube due to the "direct impact effect". This results in less steam contact with the upper tube wall of the cavity, poor heat exchange uniformity, and further reduced condensation effect.

[0005] Disassembly and maintenance are difficult: Most condensers use a welded or one-piece design for the upper / lower cover and cavity. When scale forms on the inner wall of the condenser tube, or when organic matter remains after long-term use or the sealing components age, it is not possible to quickly disassemble, clean or replace them. Maintenance takes up to 1-2 hours, affecting the progress of experiments.

[0006] Poor sealing reliability: Traditional sealing structures mostly use ordinary rubber gaskets, which are prone to aging and deformation after long-term contact with high-temperature steam such as water vapor above 100°C, leading to steam leakage or condensate seepage. This not only affects the accuracy of experimental data, but may also cause safety hazards such as leakage of corrosive steam, such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid vapor. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laboratory condenser to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A laboratory condenser includes a cavity with an upper cover and a lower cover connected to its upper and lower ends, respectively. A spiral condenser tube is also provided inside the cavity. The liquid outlet and liquid inlet of the condenser tube are fixedly connected through the side wall of the cavity. A guide plate is provided inside the lower cover. An exhaust port is connected to the center of the top of the upper cover. An air inlet is provided at the center of the bottom of the lower cover.

[0009] More preferably, the condenser tube includes an outer spiral pipe and an inner straight pipe, and a spiral fin is provided between the spiral pipe and the straight pipe, and the spiral pipe as a whole has a trapezoidal structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0010] More preferably, the spiral pipe and the fins rotate in opposite directions.

[0011] More preferably, the guide plate includes an annular fixing plate connected inside the lower cover, a blocking plate is provided at the center of the annular fixing plate, and a plurality of connecting plates are evenly arranged between the blocking plate and the annular fixing plate. The adjacent connecting plates, blocking plates and annular fixing plates cooperate with each other to form a fan-shaped guide hole.

[0012] More preferably, the upper cover and the cavity are fixedly connected via an upper cover interface and an upper interface, and the upper cover interface and the upper interface are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0013] More preferably, the lower cover and the cavity are fixedly connected via a lower cover interface and a lower interface, and the lower cover interface and the lower interface are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0014] More preferably, elastic sealing gaskets are provided between the upper cover interface and the upper interface, and between the lower cover interface and the lower interface. The elastic sealing gaskets are made of one of the following materials: silicone, rubber, or fluororubber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The condenser tube of this invention adopts a composite structure of "outer spiral pipe + inner straight pipe", with spiral fins added between the two, and the spiral direction of the fins is opposite to that of the spiral pipe (e.g., the spiral pipe is right-handed and the fins are left-handed), which increases the heat exchange area by more than 60% compared with the traditional single spiral tube. In addition, the spiral pipe has a trapezoidal structure with a larger diameter at the top than at the bottom, which can guide the steam to rise spirally along the pipe wall and extend the residence time of the steam in the cavity from the traditional 5-8 seconds to 15-20 seconds, ensuring sufficient heat exchange between the steam and the condenser tube. The condensation efficiency can reach more than 95%, which is suitable for the precision experimental needs such as high-purity distillation.

[0016] The guide plate inside the lower cover forms a fan-shaped guide hole through the combination of "annular fixed plate + central baffle plate + evenly distributed connecting plate". For example, four guide holes can prevent steam from directly impacting the bottom of the condenser tube from the air inlet. At the same time, the fan-shaped guide hole can evenly distribute the steam to various areas of the cavity, so that the steam can fully contact the outer wall of the condenser tube, including the spiral pipe and the straight pipe, completely solving the problem of "local overheating" and improving the heat exchange uniformity by 40%.

[0017] The upper cover and the cavity are fixed together by "upper cover interface + upper cavity interface + bolts", and the lower cover and the cavity are fixed together by "lower cover interface + lower cavity interface + bolts". Compared with the traditional welded structure, only 4-6 bolts need to be unscrewed with a wrench to separate the cover and the cavity. Maintenance, such as cleaning scale and checking the condenser tube, takes only 15-20 minutes, which greatly reduces the difficulty of operation for experimental personnel.

[0018] Elastic sealing gaskets are installed between the upper and lower cover interfaces, and between the lower and upper cover interfaces. The elastic sealing gaskets are made of silicone (temperature resistance -40℃~200℃), rubber (temperature resistance -20℃~150℃), or fluororubber (temperature resistance -20℃~260℃), which can be flexibly selected according to the experimental temperature requirements. The elastic sealing gaskets can tightly fill the interface gaps, and there is no aging or deformation after 3-6 months of continuous use. The steam leakage rate is less than 0.1%, which completely solves the problem of traditional gasket sealing failure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser tube structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure of this utility model; In the diagram: 100, upper cover; 200, cavity; 300, lower cover; 400, condenser tube; 101, exhaust port; 102, upper cover interface; 201, upper interface; 202, lower interface; 301, lower cover interface; 302, air inlet; 303, baffle plate; 401, liquid outlet; 402, liquid inlet; 403, fins. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution: A laboratory condenser includes a cavity 200, with an upper cover 100 and a lower cover 300 connected to its upper and lower ends respectively. A spiral condenser tube 400 is also provided inside the cavity 200. The liquid outlet 401 and liquid inlet 402 of the condenser tube 400 are both fixedly connected through the side wall of the cavity 200. A guide plate 303 is provided inside the lower cover 300. An exhaust port 101 is connected to the center of the top of the upper cover 100, and an air inlet 302 is provided at the center of the bottom of the lower cover 300.

[0022] In this invention, the condenser tube 400 includes an outer spiral pipe and an inner straight pipe. A spiral fin 403 is also provided between the spiral pipe and the straight pipe, and the spiral pipe as a whole has a trapezoidal structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The spiral pipe and the fin 403 rotate in opposite directions.

[0023] In this utility model, the guide plate 303 includes an annular fixing plate connected inside the lower cover 300. A blocking plate is provided at the center of the annular fixing plate. Multiple connecting plates are evenly arranged between the blocking plate and the annular fixing plate. Adjacent connecting plates, blocking plates and annular fixing plates cooperate with each other to form a fan-shaped guide hole.

[0024] In this utility model, the upper cover 100 and the cavity 200 are fixedly connected by the upper cover interface 102 and the upper interface 201, and the upper cover interface 102 and the upper interface 201 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0025] In this utility model, the lower cover 300 and the cavity 200 are fixedly connected by the lower cover interface 301 and the lower interface 202, and the lower cover interface 301 and the lower interface 202 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0026] In this invention, elastic sealing gaskets are provided between the upper cover interface 102 and the upper interface 201, and between the lower cover interface 301 and the lower interface 202. The elastic sealing gaskets are made of one of the following materials: silicone, rubber, or fluororubber.

[0027] In this invention, both the liquid outlet 401 and the liquid inlet 402 are fixedly connected to the cavity 200 by welding.

[0028] Example: Taking the ethanol distillation experiment as an example, the liquid outlet 401 and liquid inlet 402 of the condenser tube 400 are inserted through the through hole in the side wall of the cavity 200 and fixed by argon arc welding. After welding, the interface sealing is tested by a pressure testing machine to ensure that there is no leakage.

[0029] Apply a small amount of silicone to the outer wall of the annular fixing plate of the guide plate 303 to assist in fixing, and embed it into the inner wall of the lower cover 300 to ensure that the guide plate 303 is horizontal and not tilted.

[0030] Place a PTFE gasket between the lower cover interface 301 and the lower cover interface 202, and tighten it evenly with four evenly spaced M8 bolts; similarly, install the upper cover 100 to complete the overall assembly.

[0031] Preliminary inspection: Check whether the torque of each bolt meets the standard, whether the elastic sealing gasket is intact, and whether there are impurities inside the condenser tube 400.

[0032] Condensation system connection: Inlet 302 is connected to a distillation flask containing 1000mL of 95% ethanol via a side arm; outlet 101 is connected to a tail gas absorption bottle containing distilled water to absorb a small amount of uncondensed ethanol vapor.

[0033] Condensation experiment: Turn on the chiller and wait for the condensate circulation to stabilize. Heat the distillation flask to 100°C. The ethanol vapor temperature is 78°C. It enters the lower cap 300 through the inlet 302 and is evenly distributed to the cavity 200 through the guide plate 303. It spirals up along the outer wall of the condenser tube 400 and condenses into liquid ethanol after exchanging heat with the cold water in the condenser tube 400. It flows down the tube wall and is discharged and collected from the liquid collection valve (not shown in the figure) added to the bottom of the lower cap 300.

[0034] Experimental results: After 2 hours of continuous distillation, 850 mL of 99.5% anhydrous ethanol was collected, with a condensation efficiency of 96.2%, which is 14.7% higher than that of the traditional condenser (81.5%). There was no steam leakage during the experiment, and no local overheating was observed on the outer wall of the condenser tube (400 mm).

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A laboratory condenser, comprising a cavity (200), characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the cavity (200) are respectively connected to an upper cover (100) and a lower cover (300). The cavity (200) is also provided with a spiral condenser tube (400). The liquid outlet (401) and liquid inlet (402) of the condenser tube (400) are fixedly connected through the side wall of the cavity (200). The lower cover (300) is provided with a guide plate (303). The upper cover (100) is connected to an exhaust port (101) at the top center. The lower cover (300) is provided with an air inlet (302) at the bottom center. The condenser tube (400) includes an outer spiral pipe and an inner straight pipe. A spiral fin (403) is also provided between the spiral pipe and the straight pipe. The spiral pipe has an overall trapezoidal structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The spiral pipe and the fins (403) have opposite directions of rotation.

2. A laboratory condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (303) includes an annular fixing plate connected inside the lower cover (300). A blocking plate is provided at the center of the annular fixing plate. Multiple connecting plates are evenly arranged between the blocking plate and the annular fixing plate. The adjacent connecting plates, blocking plates and annular fixing plates cooperate with each other to form a fan-shaped guide hole.

3. A laboratory condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (100) and the cavity (200) are fixedly connected by the upper cover interface (102) and the upper interface (201), and the upper cover interface (102) and the upper interface (201) are fixedly connected by bolts.

4. A laboratory condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cover (300) and the cavity (200) are fixedly connected by the lower cover interface (301) and the lower interface (202), and the lower cover interface (301) and the lower interface (202) are fixedly connected by bolts.

5. A laboratory condenser according to claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic sealing gasket is provided between the upper cover interface (102) and the upper interface (201), and the elastic sealing gasket is made of one of the following materials: silicone, rubber, or fluororubber.

6. A laboratory condenser according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic sealing gasket is provided between the lower cover interface (301) and the lower interface (202), and the elastic sealing gasket is made of one of the following materials: silicone, rubber, or fluororubber.

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