A multi-channel wireless communication type pipeline temperature and pressure sensor

Abstract

A kind of multi-channel wireless communication type pipeline temperature and pressure sensor, it is related to signal acquisition field, to solve the problem of high cost, large size, high power consumption caused by using independent sensor or special integrated chip in existing pipeline temperature and pressure monitoring scheme.The temperature sensor uses NTC thermistor, and the pressure sensor uses Wheatstone bridge structure;Through multiplexer time selection, temperature and pressure signals are selected, and different signal strengths are adapted using programmable gain amplifier, the acquisition process is controlled by the main control MCU, and the pressure data is compensated in real time based on the temperature measurement value, and finally uploaded to the Internet of Things platform through the wireless communication module.The utility model significantly reduces the system cost, size and power consumption, and is suitable for large-scale, high-precision monitoring of pipeline medium temperature and pressure data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of signal acquisition, specifically to a multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), real-time and synchronous monitoring of the temperature (T) and pressure (P) of media within pipelines is a fundamental and widespread requirement. Currently, there are two main solutions for achieving temperature and pressure data acquisition:

[0003] Individual sensor solution: This solution uses independent temperature and pressure sensors, each with its own independent signal conditioning circuitry and analog-to-digital conversion channel, ultimately sending the digital signal to the MCU. The advantages of this solution are its simple design and lack of interference between signals. However, its disadvantages are also significant: it requires two complete data acquisition links, resulting in a large number of components, a large circuit board area, and higher overall system cost and power consumption, making it unsuitable for IoT nodes requiring large-scale, low-cost deployment.

[0004] Integrated ASIC solution: This method uses a dedicated ASIC chip that integrates temperature and pressure sensing elements into the same package. These chips offer high integration, but are complex to design, expensive to customize, and lack flexibility. For many applications, this approach is overkill and not cost-effective.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a temperature and pressure data acquisition solution that can ensure measurement accuracy, effectively reduce costs, simplify structure, and is suitable for large-scale IoT applications. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the issues of high cost, large size, and high power consumption in existing pipeline temperature and pressure monitoring solutions that rely on independent sensors or dedicated integrated chips, this invention provides a multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor, comprising:

[0007] A temperature sensing unit is used to sense the ambient temperature and output a first electrical signal;

[0008] The pressure sensing unit is a Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor, used to sense ambient pressure and output a second electrical signal.

[0009] The signal conditioning and channel selection unit has its input terminals connected to the output terminals of the temperature sensing unit and the pressure sensing unit, respectively, and is used to select and condition the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and output the conditioned analog signal.

[0010] The signal conditioning and channel selection unit includes: a multiplexer and a programmable gain amplifier;

[0011] The first input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the temperature sensing unit for receiving the first electrical signal;

[0012] The second input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor to receive the second electrical signal.

[0013] The programmable gain amplifier has its differential input terminal connected to the differential output terminal of the multiplexer, which is used to differentially amplify the selected signal and output the conditioned analog signal.

[0014] An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) whose input is connected to the output of the programmable gain amplifier is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal.

[0015] The main control microcontroller (MCU) is electrically connected to the signal conditioning and channel selection unit and the analog-to-digital converter, respectively, and is used to control channel selection, read the digital signal, and calculate the temperature and pressure values.

[0016] The communication module is connected to the main control microcontroller (MCU) and is used to send the temperature and pressure values ​​to an external Internet of Things (IoT) platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature sensing unit is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, which, together with a reference resistor, forms a voltage divider circuit. The output node of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplexer.

[0018] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital converter is an ADC module integrated inside the main control microcontroller MCU.

[0019] Furthermore, the multiplexer is a CD4052 analog dual four-to-one switch, and the programmable gain amplifier is an AD623 instrumentation amplifier, the gain of which is set by GPIO controlling an external resistor.

[0020] Furthermore, the main control microcontroller MCU is an HC32L196KCAT low-power microcontroller, which integrates a 12-bit high-precision ADC.

[0021] Furthermore, the communication module is an NB-IoT wireless communication module of model MD5535X, used for remote data transmission.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1. Significantly reduced costs: By sharing a single signal conditioning circuit and ADC, a large number of components are saved, especially the high-precision operational amplifiers and ADC chips, which are more expensive, thus greatly reducing material costs.

[0024] 2. Compact size: The simplified circuit structure reduces the required PCB area, making the sensor node more miniaturized.

[0025] 3. Power consumption optimization: The number of active components is reduced, and the main control MCU can operate in a low-power mode for time-sharing data acquisition, which is very suitable for battery-powered IoT scenarios.

[0026] 4. High flexibility: The software allows for flexible configuration of parameters such as acquisition sequence, sampling rate, and gain, adapting to different models and ranges of temperature-sensitive and pressure-sensitive elements.

[0027] 5. Accuracy Guarantee: Real-time temperature compensation for the pressure sensor through software effectively overcomes the temperature drift problem of the pressure sensor and improves the measurement accuracy across the entire temperature range. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall system structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the signal conditioning and channel selection unit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but it is not limited thereto. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of this utility model that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. In the following embodiments, the process equipment or devices not specifically specified are all conventional equipment or devices in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments of this utility model are all commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments of this utility model are all conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] Example 1, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment describes a multi-channel wireless communication pipe temperature and pressure sensor, comprising:

[0032] A temperature sensing unit is used to sense the ambient temperature and output a first electrical signal;

[0033] The pressure sensing unit is a Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor, used to sense ambient pressure and output a second electrical signal.

[0034] The signal conditioning and channel selection unit has its input terminals connected to the output terminals of the temperature sensing unit and the pressure sensing unit, respectively, and is used to select and condition the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and output the conditioned analog signal.

[0035] The signal conditioning and channel selection unit includes: a multiplexer and a programmable gain amplifier;

[0036] The first input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the temperature sensing unit for receiving the first electrical signal;

[0037] The second input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor to receive the second electrical signal.

[0038] The programmable gain amplifier has its differential input terminal connected to the differential output terminal of the multiplexer, which is used to differentially amplify the selected signal and output the conditioned analog signal.

[0039] An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) whose input is connected to the output of the programmable gain amplifier is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal.

[0040] The main control microcontroller (MCU) is electrically connected to the signal conditioning and channel selection unit and the analog-to-digital converter, respectively, and is used to control channel selection, read the digital signal, and calculate the temperature and pressure values.

[0041] The communication module is connected to the main control microcontroller (MCU) and is used to send the temperature and pressure values ​​to an external Internet of Things (IoT) platform.

[0042] Furthermore, the temperature sensing unit is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, which, together with a reference resistor, forms a voltage divider circuit. The output node of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplexer.

[0043] Furthermore, the analog-to-digital converter is an ADC module integrated inside the main control microcontroller MCU.

[0044] Furthermore, the multiplexer is a CD4052 analog dual four-to-one switch, and the programmable gain amplifier is an AD623 instrumentation amplifier, the gain of which is set by GPIO controlling an external resistor.

[0045] Furthermore, the main control microcontroller MCU is an HC32L196KCAT low-power microcontroller, which integrates a 12-bit high-precision ADC.

[0046] Furthermore, the communication module is an NB-IoT wireless communication module of model MD5535X, used for remote data transmission.

[0047] Specifically, this utility model includes a temperature sensing unit consisting of a voltage divider circuit composed of a 10kΩ NTC thermistor and a 10kΩ precision reference resistor; a BMP280 barometric pressure sensor as a pressure sensing unit; a signal conditioning and channel selection unit consisting of a CD4052 multiplexer and an AD623 programmable gain amplifier; a low-power HC32L196KCAT main control MCU with a built-in 12-bit high-precision ADC; and an MD5535X NB-IoT wireless communication module. Its power-on workflow is sequential: the main control MCU first initializes the GPIO, ADC, and communication modules. Then, it enters the temperature acquisition cycle. The MCU controls the multiplexer (SEL0=0, SEL1=0) to select the temperature channel and sets the gain of the AD623 to 1 (or 2). Next, the ADC samples and filters the NTC voltage divider signal (TEMP_SIG) to obtain the digital value AD_temp. Finally, the on-site temperature value T is calculated by looking up a table or formula. The system then switches to the pressure acquisition cycle. The MCU controls the multiplexer (SEL0=1, SEL1=0) to connect the pressure channel and sets the AD623 gain to 100 to amplify the weak differential signal. After restarting ADC sampling, AD_press is obtained. Using the previously measured temperature value T, real-time temperature compensation is performed according to the sensor datasheet algorithm to calculate the accurate pressure value P. Finally, the MCU sends the packaged temperature and pressure data to the remote platform via the NB-IoT module. After completing one acquisition task, the entire system enters a low-power sleep state, waiting for the next timed wake-up to repeat the entire process.

Claims

1. A multi-channel wireless communication pipe temperature and pressure sensor, characterized in that, include: A temperature sensing unit is used to sense the ambient temperature and output a first electrical signal; The pressure sensing unit is a Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor, used to sense ambient pressure and output a second electrical signal. The signal conditioning and channel selection unit has its input terminals connected to the output terminals of the temperature sensing unit and the pressure sensing unit, respectively, and is used to select and condition the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and output the conditioned analog signal. The signal conditioning and channel selection unit includes: a multiplexer and a programmable gain amplifier; The first input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the temperature sensing unit for receiving the first electrical signal; The second input terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the output terminal of the Wheatstone bridge pressure sensor to receive the second electrical signal. The programmable gain amplifier has its differential input terminal connected to the differential output terminal of the multiplexer, which is used to differentially amplify the selected signal and output the conditioned analog signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) whose input is connected to the output of the programmable gain amplifier is used to convert the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal. The main control microcontroller (MCU) is electrically connected to the signal conditioning and channel selection unit and the analog-to-digital converter, respectively, and is used to control channel selection, read the digital signal, and calculate the temperature and pressure values. The communication module is connected to the main control microcontroller (MCU) and is used to send the temperature and pressure values ​​to an external Internet of Things (IoT) platform.

2. The multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensing unit is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, which, together with a reference resistor, forms a voltage divider circuit. The output node of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the multiplexer.

3. The multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog-to-digital converter is an ADC module integrated inside the main control microcontroller MCU.

4. A multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiplexer is a CD4052 analog dual four-to-one switch, and the programmable gain amplifier is an AD623 instrumentation amplifier, whose gain is set by GPIO controlling an external resistor.

5. A multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control microcontroller MCU is an HC32L196KCAT low-power microcontroller, which integrates a 12-bit high-precision ADC.

6. A multi-channel wireless communication pipeline temperature and pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module is an MD5535X NB-IoT wireless communication module used for remote data transmission.

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