Combination device for bulk density determination of arable layer soil samples and for collection of surface soil samples

Abstract

The utility model relates to soil collection sampling equipment technical field, a cultivated layer soil sample bulk density collection determination and surface layer soil sample collection combined device, including sampling outer tube, inner spiral sampler and sample cleaning device, the sampling outer tube body outside is equipped with the handle of pressing down, and the lower end is the zigzag incision of blade mouth in the circumferential direction, is equipped with the sample pipe below the handle of pressing down, the structure of inner spiral sampler contains the inner spiral pipe, and the pipe body upper portion is equipped with hand crank handle, and the lower part is equipped with spiral blade, the structure of sample cleaning device contains sample cleaning rod body, and the sample cleaning rod body top is equipped with the rotating handle, and the middle part is equipped with the depth limiting fixed plate of shiftable, and the bottom is equipped with the soil sampling disc, the utility model discloses reasonable in structure, economic practical, can realize portable field collection soil sample, and the sample loss is little and the soil bulk density error is little when collecting, and the sampling volume is constant and high precision, can improve work efficiency greatly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, and in particular to a portable combined device for collecting and measuring the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples. Background Technology

[0002] Soil bulk density, as a key indicator reflecting the physical properties of soil, is of great significance to agricultural production, soil research, and ecological environment assessment. Its accurate measurement and soil sample collection are crucial.

[0003] In the early days, the traditional ring sampler method and traditional soil sampling devices were widely used for soil bulk density determination and sampling. The ring sampler method, a classic method for determining soil bulk density, involves vertically pressing a ring sampler (usually cylindrical) of a certain volume into the soil, then removing the soil contained within the ring sampler. The soil bulk density is calculated by measuring the mass of the soil inside the ring sampler and the volume of the ring sampler. However, this method requires the use of tools such as hammers to drive the ring sampler into the soil. During this process, the surrounding soil is compressed and disturbed, causing changes in the actual sampling volume. This makes it impossible to accurately obtain the original soil volume, thus affecting the accuracy of the soil bulk density determination. For large-area soil testing, this method is inefficient.

[0004] Traditional soil sampling devices: Some existing soil sampling devices, such as simple cylindrical samplers, require the entire sampler to be pulled out after collection, and the soil sample is obtained by tapping or pouring it out. This method not only easily causes soil spillage and loss, but also fails to transport the soil from the sampling site to the collection point intact and smoothly. In terms of structural design, most traditional sampling devices lack a structure specifically for precise control of the sampling volume, making it difficult to ensure consistent soil volume each time it is collected, and failing to meet the requirements for accurate soil bulk density determination. Furthermore, the materials and structural design of these devices are unreasonable, making them difficult to operate and lacking in durability when dealing with soils of different textures.

[0005] With technological advancements, modern methods such as digital soil bulk density meters, laser scanning technology, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology have emerged. Digital soil bulk density meters directly read bulk density values ​​through built-in sensors and data processing systems, reducing human error. Laser scanning technology uses lasers to acquire three-dimensional soil topography data to calculate bulk density, causing minimal damage to the soil. NMR technology calculates bulk density based on the relationship between soil composition and NMR signals, offering high measurement accuracy and being non-destructive. However, some of these modern technologies involve expensive equipment, while others have stringent operating environment and technical requirements, limiting their practical applications.

[0006] Regarding sampling devices, existing devices still fall short in terms of precise control of sampling volume and convenience of soil sample transport and collection. The ring sampler method and traditional soil sampling devices have significant drawbacks. The ring sampler method causes significant damage to the soil structure, leading to inaccurate sampling volume; soil bulk density measurement errors often reach 10%-20%, and its sampling efficiency is low, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale testing. Traditional sampling devices cannot effectively transport and collect soil samples, with a sample loss rate of approximately 15%. They also lack a precise sampling volume control structure, affecting the accuracy of bulk density measurement. Their poor durability and adaptability also limit practical application. Against this backdrop, the development of more efficient, accurate, and convenient soil bulk density measurement and sample collection devices is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to solve the core problems of low sampling accuracy, poor efficiency, and inconvenient operation in existing soil bulk density determination and sample collection technologies. Addressing the shortcomings of the traditional ring sampler method, which easily disturbs the soil during operation, leading to inaccurate sampling volume and consequently causing soil bulk density measurement errors as high as 15%-20%, this invention strives to achieve precise sampling, ensuring a constant soil volume for each collection and controlling the error within a minimal range, thus providing reliable samples for accurate soil bulk density determination.

[0008] To address the problems of low single-sampling efficiency, long time consumption for large-area testing, and lack of effective soil sample transport structure, resulting in a soil sample spillage loss rate of up to 12% in existing sampling devices, this utility model aims to simplify the sampling process by optimizing the structural design, achieving rapid and efficient sampling, and avoiding sample loss during collection, transport, and disposal.

[0009] In addition, to address the shortcomings of traditional devices that are difficult to adapt to different soil conditions and have poor durability, this utility model improves the applicability and service life of the device by selecting high-quality materials and innovative structures, thus meeting diverse soil testing needs.

[0010] In summary, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a combined device for collecting and measuring the bulk density of topsoil samples and surface soil samples that is structurally reasonable, economical and practical, portable for field collection of soil samples, with minimal sample loss and small soil bulk density error during collection, constant sampling volume and high accuracy, greatly improving work efficiency and having strong applicability.

[0011] This utility model discloses a combined device for collecting and measuring the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples, including an outer sampling tube, an inner spiral sampler, and a sample cleaning device. The sampling tube is a hollow metal tube with a pressing handle on the outside. The lower end has a serrated cut with a cutting edge along the circumference. Below the pressing handle, a sample outlet tube is also provided on the side wall of the metal tube. The sample outlet tube is inclined downward and a sample collection box is detachably connected to the outlet. The inner spiral sampler comprises an inner spiral tube with a hand crank at the top, a movable fixing plate and a central positioning plate in the middle, and spiral blades at the bottom. The bottom of the inner spiral tube is flat. The inner spiral sampler can be inserted into the outer sampling tube from top to bottom, with the bottom of the inner spiral tube flush with the bottom of the outer sampling tube. The hand crank of the inner spiral tube is located outside the outer sampling tube, and the inner spiral sampler can rotate inside the outer sampling tube. The fixing plate is used to lock the inner spiral sampler at the top of the outer sampling tube after it has been inserted from the top and reached the desired soil sampling depth, preventing further insertion and ensuring that the soil sample is taken at the pre-designed depth, thus preventing excessive insertion and sampling beyond the predetermined depth. The central positioning plate is used to prevent the inner spiral tube from deviating from its axis when the inner spiral sampler is inserted into the outer sampling tube and when the inner spiral sampler rotates downwards.

[0012] The cleaning device comprises a cleaning rod, a rotating handle at the top of the cleaning rod, a movable depth-limiting fixing plate, and a soil sampling plate at the bottom. The soil sampling plate is a disc structure, comprising a ring with a raised edge, multiple scraping blades at the bottom of the disc, and a shaft hole connected to the cleaning rod. The multiple scraping blades are fan-shaped and arranged at intervals around the shaft hole, with the intervals between the scraping blades being open spaces.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling tube located below the sampling tube position is provided with a rotating thread.

[0014] Preferably, the sample outlet tube has a tube structure that is thicker at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0015] Preferably, the sample collection box is a metal box with a detachable screw cap at the bottom for pouring out soil samples.

[0016] Preferably, a retaining plate is provided on the same edge of the plurality of scraper blades.

[0017] Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling tube is provided with height scale lines; the cleaning rod of the cleaning device and the outer wall of the inner spiral tube of the inner spiral sampler are both provided with height scale lines.

[0018] Preferably, the sides of the fixing plate and the depth limiting plate are provided with tightening bolts. Loosen the tightening bolts, move the upper and lower positions of the fixing plate and the depth limiting plate, and tighten the tightening bolts to fix the fixing plate and the depth limiting plate in the designated position.

[0019] Preferably, the sample outlet tube and the sample receiving box are detachably connected by a snap fastener.

[0020] Preferably, the sampling outer tube is integrally formed from 304 stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 79.8 mm, a wall thickness of 4.5 mm, and a total length of 77 cm. A standard trapezoidal rotary thread is machined on the outer surface of the sampling outer tube within a 30 cm length from the bottom, allowing the outer tube to quickly penetrate the soil. The lower end of the sampling outer tube has a serrated cut with a 45° serration angle and a tooth pitch of 3 mm. A sampling tube is installed 32 cm from the lower end of the outer tube. The inlet of the sampling tube is an elliptical opening with a vertical length of 10 cm and a horizontal width of 4.5 cm. The edges of the elliptical opening are rounded to prevent damage to the soil sample.

[0021] Further details of the structural features of this utility model: The inner spiral sampler's inner spiral tube is also made of 304 stainless steel and is tightly nested inside the outer sampling tube. The spiral blades of the inner spiral tube have a pitch of 3-5 cm, and the spiral diameter matches the inner diameter of the outer tube, ensuring effective soil delivery during rotation. The bottom of the inner spiral tube is a flat, circular sampling plane with the same diameter as the inner diameter of the outer tube, ensuring a consistent soil volume for each sample. The upper end of the inner spiral tube extends to the top of the outer tube, where a square rotating interface can be provided for connection to an external rotating handle. Rotation drives the inner spiral tube to transport soil from the bottom to the sampling port.

[0022] It also includes a sample collection assembly, namely the sample receiving box, which specifically has a sample outlet tube at the lower end of the sampling tube. The sample receiving box can be installed via a bayonet connection. The sample receiving box is made of stainless steel or polyethylene and has a spiral-sealed bottom cover for easy sample collection and transfer. Several boxes can be provided for faster and more convenient processing.

[0023] The cleaning device is made of 304 stainless steel, with a rotating handle at the top, a soil sample collection tray at the bottom, a height scale line in the middle, and a depth limit fixing plate.

[0024] The working steps of this utility model are as follows: 1. Place the sampling tube vertically at the location of the farmland to be sampled.

[0025] 2. Using a rotary motor or by manually rotating a hand crank, the serrated cut at the lower end of the sampling tube is used to cut into the soil, and the tube is continuously drilled to a predetermined depth (e.g., 20 cm).

[0026] 3. Connect the rotating interface of the inner spiral tube to the external rotating drive device, rotate the inner spiral tube at a uniform speed, and the soil is discharged through the sampling port under the push of the spiral blades.

[0027] 4. Connect the sample collection box below the sample outlet tube so that the discharged soil falls directly into the box.

[0028] 5. Remove the inner spiral sampler, insert the cleaning device, and rotate the handle counterclockwise to completely collect the soil sample from a certain depth. To ensure complete collection, multiple cleaning operations can be performed. The specific process is as follows: Insert the cleaning device, rotate the handle 13 to rotate the cleaning rod 14, and the soil collection plate 17 below will rotate accordingly. The scraper 17-3 will scrape off the small amount of soil remaining at the bottom. Remove the cleaning device and pour all the remaining soil sample into the sample bag.

[0029] 6. After collection, remove the sample collection box, transfer it to the sample bag, seal it, and label it to complete the soil sample collection.

[0030] This utility model, through structural innovation and functional optimization, demonstrates significant advantages over existing technologies in many aspects, with the following specific beneficial effects: 1. Significantly Improved Sampling Accuracy: Traditional ring sampler methods suffer from soil density measurement errors of 15%-20% due to soil disturbance caused by manual pressing of the ring sampler. Conventional sampling devices also suffer from unstable sampling volumes. This invention utilizes an inner spiral tube with a flat bottom for the sampling plane, combined with a sampling outer tube with a fixed inner diameter. Actual measurements in different soil textures (sand, loam, clay) show that the sampling volume error is controlled within 3%, and the soil density measurement error is reduced to below 5%, providing more reliable data for soil research and agricultural production.

[0031] 2. Significantly Improved Sampling Efficiency: Traditional ring sampler methods take approximately 5-8 minutes per sampling session and can only obtain a single sample; while conventional sampling devices can collect multiple samples, soil sample transportation is cumbersome. This invention, through a serrated outer tube and threaded design, combined with an automatic inner spiral tube delivery function, reduces the single sampling time to 2-3 minutes, improving efficiency by over 50%, and allows for continuous operation, making it suitable for large-area soil testing.

[0032] 3. Sample integrity is guaranteed: Existing sampling devices suffer from approximately 12% sample spillage loss during soil sample transfer due to the lack of an effective transport structure. This invention uses an internal spiral tube to directly transport soil from the bottom to the sample outlet, where it is seamlessly collected in a sample bag, achieving zero spillage, ensuring sample integrity, and avoiding detection deviations caused by sample loss.

[0033] 4. Easy to operate and highly adaptable: Traditional devices are difficult to penetrate in hard soil and easily deform in soft soil. The serrated outer tube and rotating thread design of this utility model allow the device to easily penetrate the soil under different soil conditions; at the same time, sampling is completed by rotation, reducing labor intensity; the 304 stainless steel material enhances the corrosion resistance and strength of the device, extending its service life by 2-3 times, reducing equipment replacement costs and maintenance workload.

[0034] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model is a combined device for collecting and measuring the bulk density of topsoil samples and surface soil samples. It is structurally reasonable, economical and practical, and can be used for portable field soil sample collection. It results in minimal sample loss and small soil bulk density error during collection, constant sampling volume and high accuracy, greatly improving work efficiency and having strong applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the sampling outer tube and the inner spiral sampler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the combined structure.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the inner spiral sampler.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the fixing plate and the axial positioning plate of the internal spiral sampler of this utility model.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sample cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the soil mining platform.

[0041] In the diagram: 1 is the inner spiral sampler, 2 is the outer sampling tube, 3 is the pressing handle, 4 is the sample outlet tube, 5 is the sample receiving box, 5-1 is the buckle, 6 is the spiral bottom cover, 7 is the rotating thread, 8 is the serrated cut, 9 is the hand crank, 10 is the inner spiral tube, 10-1 is the fixing plate, 10-2 is the tightening bolt I, 11 is the shaft positioning plate, 12 is the spiral blade, 13 is the rotating handle, 14 is the cleaning rod, 15 is the depth limiting fixing plate, 15-1 is the tightening bolt II, 16 is the height scale line, 17 is the soil sampling plate, 17-1 is the shaft hole, 17-2 is the ring, 17-3 is the scraper, 17-4 is the hollow position, and 17-5 is the retaining plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the present utility model embodiments will be explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the implementation methods without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0043] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model. A combined device for collecting and measuring the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples includes an outer sampling tube 2, an inner spiral sampler 1, and a sample cleaning device. The sampling tube 2 is a hollow metal tube. A pressing handle 3 is provided on the outside of the metal tube. The lower end has a serrated cut 8 with a cutting edge along the circumferential direction. Below the pressing handle 3, a sample outlet tube 4 is also provided on the side wall of the metal tube. The sample outlet tube 4 is inclined downward and a sample collection box 5 is detachably connected to the outlet. The structure of the inner spiral sampler 1 includes an inner spiral tube 10, a hand crank 9 at the upper part of the tube body, a movable fixing plate 10-1 and an axis positioning plate 11 in the middle part, and a spiral blade 12 at the lower part. The bottom of the inner spiral tube 10 is flat. The inner spiral sampler 1 can be inserted into the outer sampling tube 2 from top to bottom. The bottom of the inner spiral tube 10 is flush with the bottom of the outer sampling tube 2. The hand crank 9 of the inner spiral tube 10 is placed outside the outer sampling tube 2. The inner spiral sampler 1 can rotate inside the outer sampling tube 2. The cleaning device includes a cleaning rod 14, a rotating handle 13 on the top of the cleaning rod 14, a movable depth-limiting fixing plate 15 in the middle, and a soil sampling plate 17 at the bottom. The soil sampling plate 17 is a plate structure, including a ring 17-2 with a raised edge, multiple scraping blades 17-3 at the bottom of the plate, and a shaft hole 17-1 connected to the cleaning rod 14. The multiple scraping blades 17-3 are fan-shaped and arranged at intervals around the shaft hole 17-1. The interval between the scraping blades 17-3 is a hollow position 17-4.

[0044] A rotating thread 7 is provided around the outer wall of the sampling outer tube 2 located below the sampling tube 4.

[0045] The sample outlet tube 4 has a tube structure that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom.

[0046] The sample collection box 5 is a metal box with a detachable screw bottom cover 6 for pouring out soil samples.

[0047] On the same side edge of the plurality of scraper blades 17-3, there is a retaining plate 17-5.

[0048] The outer wall of the sampling outer tube 2 is provided with height scale lines 16; the cleaning rod 14 of the cleaning device and the outer wall of the inner spiral tube 10 of the inner spiral sampler are both provided with height scale lines 16.

[0049] The sides of the fixed plate 10-1 and the depth limiting plate 15 are provided with tightening bolts I 10-2 and II 15-1. Loosen the tightening bolts, move the upper and lower positions of the fixed plate 10-1 and the depth limiting plate 15, and tighten the tightening bolts to fix the fixed plate 10-1 and the depth limiting plate 15 in the designated position.

[0050] The sample outlet tube 4 and the sample receiving box 5 are detachably connected by a buckle 5-1.

[0051] Specific field sampling procedures: 1. Preparation: Select the farmland to be tested and mark the sampling points using a GPS locator. Connect the outer sampling tube to the motor, check the rotation of the inner spiral tube, and prepare the sample collection bags; 2. Soil Sampling: Align the outer sampling tube vertically with the sampling point, start the motor, and drill the outer sampling tube into the soil at a speed of 10 rpm. Stop drilling when the predetermined sampling depth (e.g., 20 cm) is reached. Adjust the positions of the fixing plate 10-1 and the depth limiting fixing plate 15, and tighten them using the tightening bolts. When adjusting the fixing plate 10-1, place the inner spiral sampler on one side of the outer sampling tube and compare it with the height scale line of the inner spiral tube. If the depth of the outer sampling tube into the soil is 20 cm, then the position of the fixing plate 10-1 is 20 cm above the top of the outer sampling tube. The position of the limiting fixing plate 15 is determined using the same method. Insert the inner spiral sampler into the outer sampling tube, and rotate the hand crank of the inner spiral tube clockwise at a speed of 15 rpm. The soil is pushed out from the sampling port by the spiral.

[0052] 3. Sample Collection: Connect the sample collection box 5 below the sample outlet to collect the discharged soil. When no more soil is discharged, stop rotating the inner spiral tube, remove the sample collection box, and transfer it to the sample bag. After completion, remove the inner spiral sampler from the outer tube of the sampling gate, insert the cleaning device, and use the rotating handle 13 to rotate the cleaning rod. The soil sampling plate below will rotate accordingly, and the scraper will scrape off the small amount of soil remaining at the bottom. Remove the cleaning device. This process can be repeated several times. Pour all the remaining soil samples into the sample bag and label the sampling point information.

[0053] Example 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the sampling outer tube 2 is integrally formed from 304 stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 79.8 mm, a wall thickness of 4.5 mm, and a total length of 77 cm; a standard trapezoidal rotating thread 7 is machined on the outer surface of the sampling outer tube 2 within a 30 cm length from the bottom end, and this rotating thread 7 structure allows the sampling outer tube 2 to be quickly drilled into the soil; the serrated cut 8 at the lower end of the sampling outer tube 2 has a serrated tip angle of 45° and a tooth pitch of 3 mm; a sampling tube 4 is installed 32 cm from the lower end of the outer tube, and the inlet of the sampling tube 4 is an elliptical opening with a vertical length of 10 cm and a horizontal width of 4.5 cm. The edge of the soil inlet is rounded to prevent damage to the soil sample.

[0054] The following is the device fabrication process: 1. Sampling Outer Tube 2 Fabrication: A seamless 304 stainless steel pipe is selected and precision-machined on a lathe, cutting it into a 77cm long tube. At the bottom 30cm of the tube, a trapezoidal rotary thread 7 is machined using a thread cutting process, with a thread specification of M80×2 (outer diameter 80mm, pitch 2mm). An internal serrated cut 8 is machined at the bottom of the tube using a CNC cutting machine, with a serration angle of 45°, a tooth depth of 3mm, and a tooth pitch of 3mm. At 32cm from the bottom of the tube, an elliptical sample outlet is created using laser cutting equipment, with a major axis of 10cm and a minor axis of 4.5cm. The edges are then polished.

[0055] 2. Fabrication of the inner spiral tube 10: 304 stainless steel sheet is used, rolled into spiral blades using a spiral rolling machine. The pitch is 3-5 cm, and the outer diameter of the spiral is 79.5 mm. The spiral blades are welded and fixed to the bottom circular stainless steel plate (79.8 mm in diameter, 4 mm thick) to form a flat sampling plane. A square rotating interface (15 mm on each side) is welded to the upper end of the inner spiral tube. The interface is coaxial with the spiral tube to ensure rotational stability.

[0056] 3. Sample collection assembly fabrication: The sample collection box 5 is made of 0.3 mm thick stainless steel or polyethylene film, manufactured through a hot-pressing process. A bayonet connector is embedded at the opening (its specifications match the lower end of the sampling tube).

[0057] 4. Assembly and Debugging: Insert the inner spiral tube 10 into the sampling outer tube 2, ensuring that the gap between the spiral blades and the inner wall of the outer tube is uniform (approximately 0.15 mm) and that the rotation is smooth and without jamming. Tighten the sample receiving box 5 at the lower end of the sampling outer tube and check the seal.

[0058] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the content described in the accompanying drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples, characterized in that... Includes an outer sampling tube, an inner spiral sampler, and a sample cleaning device; The sampling tube is a hollow metal tube with a pressing handle on the outside. The lower end has a serrated cut with a cutting edge along the circumference. Below the pressing handle, a sample outlet tube is also provided on the side wall of the metal tube. The sample outlet tube is inclined downward and a sample collection box is detachably connected to the outlet. The inner spiral sampler comprises an inner spiral tube, with a hand crank at the top, a movable fixing plate and a central positioning plate in the middle, and spiral blades at the bottom. The bottom of the inner spiral tube is flat. The inner spiral sampler can be inserted into the outer sampling tube from top to bottom. The bottom of the inner spiral tube is flush with the bottom of the outer sampling tube. The hand crank of the inner spiral tube is located outside the outer sampling tube. The inner spiral sampler can rotate inside the outer sampling tube. The cleaning device comprises a cleaning rod with a rotating handle at the top, a movable depth-limiting fixing plate in the middle, and a soil sampling plate at the bottom. The soil sampling plate is a disc structure, including a ring with a raised edge, multiple scraping blades at the bottom of the disc, and a shaft hole connected to the cleaning rod. The multiple scraping blades are fan-shaped and arranged at intervals around the shaft hole, with the intervals between the scraping blades being open spaces.

2. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 1, characterized in that... A rotating thread is provided around the outer wall of the sampling tube located below the sampling tube position.

3. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The sample outlet tube has a tube structure that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom.

4. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 3, characterized in that... The sample collection box is a metal box with a detachable screw cap at the bottom for pouring out soil samples.

5. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... A retaining plate is provided on the same edge of the multiple scraper blades.

6. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 4, characterized in that... A retaining plate is provided on the same edge of the multiple scraper blades.

7. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The outer wall of the sampling tube is provided with height scale lines; the cleaning rod of the cleaning device and the outer wall of the inner spiral tube of the inner spiral sampler are both provided with height scale lines.

8. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The fixed plate and the depth limiting plate are both equipped with tightening bolts on their sides. Loosen the tightening bolts, move the upper and lower positions of the fixed plate and the depth limiting plate, and tighten the tightening bolts to fix the fixed plate and the depth limiting plate in the designated position.

9. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The sample outlet tube and the sample receiving box are detachably connected by a snap fastener.

10. The combined device for collecting and determining the bulk density of topsoil samples and collecting surface soil samples as described in claim 9, characterized in that... The sampling outer tube is integrally formed from 304 stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 79.8 mm, a wall thickness of 4.5 mm, and a total length of 77 cm. A standard trapezoidal rotating thread is machined on the outer surface of the sampling outer tube within a 30 cm length from the bottom. This rotating thread structure allows the outer tube to quickly penetrate the soil. The bottom end of the sampling outer tube has a serrated cut with a 45° serration angle and a tooth pitch of 3 mm. A sampling tube is installed 32 cm from the bottom end of the outer tube. The inlet of the sampling tube is an elliptical opening with a vertical length of 10 cm and a horizontal width of 4.5 cm. The edges of the elliptical opening are rounded to prevent damage to the soil sample.

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