A jacket structure and self-melting anti-icing optical cable

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sheath structure and self-fusion ice anti-freezing optical cable, including sheath body, at least two conductors are arranged on the sheath body with interval, electric heating layer is arranged on the sheath body, electric heating layer is in contact with conductor and can conduct electricity.The utility model is arranged on the sheath body by the conductor of through length, and electric heating layer is arranged on the sheath body, electric heating layer is in contact with conductor and can conduct electricity, conductor has better tenacity, when electric heating layer occurs once or multiple axial fracture inside cable, since two conductors are in radial direction for electric heating layer power supply, it does not affect electric heating layer work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical cable technology, and in particular to a sheath structure and a self-melting ice-proof and anti-freezing optical cable. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional ADSS / OPGW optical cables are easily broken by ice loads in icing areas. Existing de-icing solutions, such as DC de-icing and external heating tape wrapping, require additional power lines or manual wrapping, which are costly and unreliable.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as CN116009170A (publication date: April 25, 2023), disclose an ADSS optical cable de-icing system. While this system uses a graphene heating component within the optical cable to achieve de-icing, the graphene heating film within this component requires energization at both ends of the cable. Since optical cables are typically hundreds of meters or kilometers long, any axial break in the graphene heating film within the cable will render that particular heating film inoperable. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a sheath structure, which is to provide a continuous conductive body on the sheath body and an electrothermal layer on the sheath body. The electrothermal layer is in contact with the conductive body and can conduct electricity. The conductive body has better toughness. When the electrothermal layer is axially broken inside the cable, the two conductive bodies supply power to the electrothermal layer in the radial direction, so the operation of the electrothermal layer is not affected.

[0005] Another technical problem that this utility model aims to solve is to provide a self-melting ice-proof and anti-freezing optical cable that adopts this sheath structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a sheath structure, including a sheath body, on which at least two conductors are spaced apart, and an electrothermal layer is provided on the sheath body, which is in contact with the conductors and is capable of conducting electricity.

[0007] The outer wall of the sheath body is provided with at least two protruding ridges along the axial direction. The sheath body is provided with conductors on both sides of the protruding ridges. An installation surface is formed between adjacent protruding ridges. The heating layer is provided on the installation surface.

[0008] At least one temperature-measuring optical fiber is embedded inside the sheath body.

[0009] At least one temperature-sensing optical fiber is provided on the outer wall of the sheath body, and the temperature-sensing optical fiber is located below the electrothermal layer.

[0010] The sheath body has a groove, the conductor is embedded in the groove and protrudes from the groove by a certain height.

[0011] An isolation and protective layer is also provided on the outside of the heating layer.

[0012] An isolation protective layer is provided on the outer side of the heating layer between adjacent protrusions.

[0013] The conductor is axially disposed on the sheath body or spirally wound on the sheath body.

[0014] The electrothermal layer includes a graphene electrothermal film or a carbon fiber electrothermal film.

[0015] A self-melting ice-resistant and anti-freezing optical cable adopts the aforementioned sheath structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above-conceptual technical solution conceived in this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model provides a continuous conductive body on the sheath body and an electrothermal layer on the sheath body. The electrothermal layer is in contact with the conductive body and can conduct electricity. The conductive body has better toughness. When the electrothermal layer is axially broken in one or more places inside the cable, the operation of the electrothermal layer is not affected because the two conductive bodies supply power to the electrothermal layer in the radial direction.

[0017] 2. The outer wall of the sheath body of this utility model is provided with at least two protruding ridges along the axis. Conductors are provided on both sides of the protruding ridges of the sheath body. An installation surface is formed between adjacent protruding ridges. An electric heating layer is provided on the installation surface, so that multiple electric heating layers can be set independently.

[0018] 3. The sheath body of this utility model is provided with at least one temperature-sensing optical fiber, so as to detect the temperature of the optical cable. Attached Figure Description To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sheath body of this utility model, in which a conductor and a temperature measuring optical fiber are set on the sheath body.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the sheath structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 The provided diagram shows the structure of a self-melting ice-resistant and anti-freezing optical cable.

[0022] Figure Labels 1. Steel core; 2. Optical cable; 3. Cable grease; 4. Filler rope; 5. Inner sheath; 6. Heat insulation layer; 7. Sheath structure; 8. Armored sheath; 9. Outer sheath. Sheath body 71, protrusion 72, mounting surface 73, conductor 74, groove 75, temperature measuring fiber 76, heating layer 77, isolation and protective layer 78. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application, a further detailed description of this application is provided below in conjunction with illustrations and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described below are only used to explain the technical content of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] Regarding the explanation of terminology: In this application, "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, covering three possible situations: taking "A and / or B" as an example, it can indicate the situation where only A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or only B exists; the symbol " / " indicates the "or" relationship between related objects, such as "A / B" which refers to A or B.

[0025] Regarding the description of the embodiments: The terms "exemplary" and "for example" appearing in this application are only used to illustrate the technical solutions through specific examples. It should be particularly emphasized that any implementation method or design scheme marked as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as having an advantage over other solutions. Such expressions are only used to present the technical concepts more intuitively.

[0026] Example 1: See Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides a sheath structure 7, including a sheath body 71, on which at least two conductors 74 are spaced apart, and an electrothermal layer 77 is provided on the sheath body 71, which is in contact with the conductors 74 and can conduct electricity.

[0027] By providing a continuous conductor 74 on the sheath body 71 and an electric heating layer 77 on the sheath body 71, the electric heating layer 77 is in contact with the conductor 74 and can conduct electricity. The conductor has better toughness. When one or more axial fractures occur inside the electric heating layer 77 in the cable, the operation of the electric heating layer is not affected because the two conductors 74 supply power to the electric heating layer in the radial direction.

[0028] In this embodiment, the heating layer 77 is made of graphene heating film or carbon fiber heating film. The graphene heating film or carbon fiber heating film is attached to the sheath body 71.

[0029] When the heating layer 77 is energized, the two conductors 74 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply respectively. There is a potential difference between the two conductors 74 and the heating film generates a current heating effect in the heating layer 77.

[0030] In one of the solutions, see Figure 1 The conductor 74 is axially disposed on the sheath body 71.

[0031] In another embodiment, the two conductors 74, one positive and one negative, can be spirally wound around the sheath body 71, and the two conductors 74 do not contact each other during spiral winding.

[0032] Furthermore, a groove 75 is provided on the sheath body 71, and the conductor 74 is embedded in the groove 75 and protrudes from the groove 75 at a certain height. The height of the protrusion is to facilitate contact and energization with the heating layer 77.

[0033] Furthermore, an isolation protective layer 78 is provided on the outer side of the heating layer 77. The isolation protective layer 78 protects the heating layer 77.

[0034] In this embodiment, both the sheath body 71 and the insulating protective layer 78 are made of rubber. The conductor 74 can be made of copper wire or copper sheet.

[0035] Example 2: In this embodiment, see Figure 1 , 2 The outer wall of the sheath body 71 is provided with at least two protruding ridges 72 axially. The sheath body 71 is provided with conductors 74 on both sides of the protruding ridges 72. An mounting surface 73 is formed between adjacent protruding ridges 72. An electric heating layer 77 is provided on the mounting surface 73, so that multiple electric heating layers 77 can be set independently.

[0036] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 The outer wall of the sheath body 71 is provided with two axial protrusions 72. Of course, depending on the diameter of the optical cable, 3 to 10 protrusions 72 can be provided. The protrusions 72 are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer wall of the sheath body 71.

[0037] One of the two conductors 74 between the connected protrusions 72 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0038] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 An isolation and protective layer 78 is provided on the outside of the heating layer 77 between adjacent protrusions 72. The isolation and protective layer 78 has an arc-shaped sheet structure.

[0039] Example 3: In this embodiment, see Figure 1 At least one temperature-measuring optical fiber 76 is embedded inside the sheath body 71.

[0040] In another embodiment, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 76 is disposed on the outer wall of the sheath body 71, that is, between the electrothermal layer 77 and the sheath body 71.

[0041] The temperature-sensing fiber 76 employs existing technologies, such as the distributed fiber optic temperature sensor described in CN116009170A. The distributed fiber optic temperature sensor can use bare fiber, colored fiber, or tight-packed fiber.

[0042] In application, the Raman scattering-based DTS system injects pulsed laser light into the temperature-sensing fiber 76. After the laser light interacts with the molecules and atoms within the fiber, it generates Stokes light and anti-Stokes light. The intensity of the former is basically unaffected by temperature and is only related to the inherent loss of the fiber, while the intensity of the latter is highly sensitive to temperature changes. By detecting the intensity ratio of the two types of scattered light returning at different times, and combining this with the propagation speed of light in the fiber, the system can achieve continuous temperature monitoring of the entire optical cable line and accurately locate specific sections with abnormal temperatures. Its temperature measurement range can cover -50℃ to 200℃, meeting the temperature monitoring requirements of optical cables.

[0043] When the outer wall of the sheath body 71 is provided with multiple protrusions 72 in the axial direction, a temperature measuring optical fiber 76 is provided between adjacent protrusions 72.

[0044] Temperature sensing fiber 76 is installed to detect the temperature of the optical cable. Example 4: See Figure 3 This invention also provides a self-melting ice-proof and anti-freezing optical cable, which adopts a sheath structure 7 as described in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3.

[0045] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 The self-melting ice-resistant and anti-freezing optical cable includes a steel core 1, optical cable 2, cable grease 3, filler rope 4, inner sheath 5, heat insulation layer 6, sheath structure 7, armored sheath 8, and outer sheath 9.

[0046] Multiple optical cables 2 and a filler rope 4 are arranged on the outside of the steel core 1. Cable grout 3 is filled between the optical cables 2 and the filler rope 4. An inner sheath 5 is arranged on the outside of the optical cables 2 and the filler rope 4. A heat insulation layer 6 is arranged on the outside of the inner sheath 5. The heat insulation layer 6 can be made of polyimide. The sheath structure 7 mentioned above is arranged on the outside of the heat insulation layer 6. An armored sheath 8 is arranged on the outside of the sheath structure 7. An outer sheath 9 is arranged on the outside of the armored sheath 8.

[0047] The working principle or process of this utility model: See Figure 2The self-de-icing and anti-freezing optical cable utilizes a continuous conductor 74 on its sheath body 71. One conductor 74 connects to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other to the negative terminal. A heating layer 77 is also present on the sheath body 71, in contact with and conducting electricity through the conductors 74. The heating layer 77 comprises multiple spaced heating film strips, with each end overlapping one of the two conductors 74. The conductors have improved flexibility; even if the heating layer 77 experiences axial breakage within the cable, its operation is unaffected because the two conductors 74 supply power radially. When snow melting or ice formation is required on the exterior of the cable, the conductors 74 are energized.

[0048] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments described are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sheath structure (7), comprising a sheath body (71), characterized in that: At least two conductors (74) are spaced apart on the sheath body (71), and an electric heating layer (77) is provided on the sheath body (71). The electric heating layer (77) is in contact with the conductors (74) and can conduct electricity.

2. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sheath body (71) is provided with at least two protruding ridges (72) axially. Conductors (74) are provided on both sides of the protruding ridges (72) of the sheath body (71). An mounting surface (73) is formed between adjacent protruding ridges (72). The heating layer (77) is provided on the mounting surface (73).

3. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one temperature-measuring optical fiber (76) is embedded inside the sheath body (71).

4. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one temperature-measuring optical fiber (76) is provided on the outer wall of the sheath body (71), and the temperature-measuring optical fiber (76) is located on the lower side of the electrothermal layer (77).

5. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheath body (71) is provided with a groove (75), and the conductor (74) is embedded in the groove (75) and protrudes from the groove (75) by a certain height.

6. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation protective layer (78) is also provided on the outside of the heating layer (77).

7. A sheath structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An isolation protective layer (78) is provided on the outside of the heating layer (77) between adjacent protrusions (72).

8. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (74) is axially disposed on the sheath body (71) or spirally wound on the sheath body (71).

9. The sheath structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrothermal layer (77) includes a graphene electrothermal film or a carbon fiber electrothermal film.

10. A self-melting ice-resistant and anti-freezing optical cable, characterized in that: The sheath structure (7) described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted.

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