A high efficiency switching power supply topology

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, and discloses a high-efficiency switching power supply topology structure which comprises a temperature detection module and a temperature comparison control module. The temperature detection module detects the ambient temperature of the power supply, and the temperature comparison control module regulates the on-off of first and second power supply branches according to the detection result: when the temperature is lower than a maximum threshold value, only the first branch is turned on; when the temperature is higher than the maximum threshold value, the double branches are first turned on, and the first branch is turned off after a time delay; and when the temperature falls back to normal, the double branches are first turned on, and the second branch is turned off after a time delay. The structure dynamically adjusts the working state of the branches, reduces the heating and stress damage of components, prolongs the service life of core components, improves the overall service life of the LED driving power supply, and is suitable for various LED application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, and in particular to a high-efficiency switching power supply topology. Background Technology

[0002] With continuous breakthroughs in semiconductor technology, LEDs, with their advantages of low power consumption, high brightness, fast response, and environmental friendliness (mercury-free), have rapidly expanded from the early low-power indicator light field to diverse applications such as indoor and outdoor general lighting, LCD backlighting, automotive lighting, and landscape decoration.

[0003] Since LEDs are current-driven devices, they require a stable current and voltage supply to operate and cannot be directly connected to mains power or conventional DC power supplies. Therefore, LED driver power supplies were developed. Early LED drivers mostly used linear power supplies, which had drawbacks such as low efficiency, severe heat generation, and large size. Subsequently, switching power supplies, due to their high conversion efficiency, small size, and wide voltage regulation range, quickly became the mainstream solution for LED drivers. With the popularization of LED applications, specialized driver products adapted to different power levels and scenarios have emerged.

[0004] Currently, the theoretical lifespan of high-quality LEDs can reach 50,000-100,000 hours, while the actual lifespan of LED driver power supplies is only 20,000-30,000 hours. This lifespan has become a core bottleneck restricting the overall lifespan of LED products. The short lifespan of driver power supplies is mainly due to the fact that internal components such as capacitors and switching transistors are susceptible to performance degradation or failure under temperature and voltage stress during long-term operation. Therefore, optimizing driver power supply design, especially the core switching power supply topology, to improve its lifespan has become a critical issue that the LED industry urgently needs to address. Utility Model Content

[0005] To improve the lifespan of LED driver power supplies, this application provides a high-efficiency switching power supply topology, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-efficiency switching power supply topology includes a temperature detection module and a temperature comparison and control module;

[0007] Temperature detection module, used to detect the ambient temperature of the power supply;

[0008] The temperature comparison and control module is used to control the system based on the detection results of the temperature detection module. When the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature drops below the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, only the first power supply branch is activated when the temperature is normal (below the maximum threshold), reducing the number of operating components to lower power consumption and heat generation, and delaying the aging of key components such as capacitors and switching transistors. When the temperature is too high, the load is first shared by the two branches working together to relieve the pressure on the single branch, and then the first branch is delayed to achieve continuous operation of the single branch, avoiding accelerated failure of components due to long-term full-load operation at high temperatures. After the temperature drops to normal, the second branch is switched off through the transition of the two branches to smoothly switch to the efficient single-branch mode, reducing the voltage stress impact during state switching.

[0010] Optionally, the first power supply branch corresponds to a temperature detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second temperature detection module.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the temperature of a certain branch is abnormal, another branch can be started or switched to share the load, avoiding overall control inaccuracy caused by temperature detection deviation of a single branch, and reducing the risk of misjudgment caused by mutual temperature interference between branches.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature comparison control module includes a comparator, a first control branch, and a second control branch. The output of the temperature detection module is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator, and the inverting input of the comparator is connected to the output of the reference voltage unit.

[0013] The first control branch includes a first resistor, a first capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a first switching transistor, and a first relay. The output of the comparator is electrically connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor. The inverting input is also grounded through the first capacitor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to a first voltage. The output of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the base of the first switching transistor. The collector of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power supply VCC through a resistor. The emitter of the first switching transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first relay. The negative terminal of the first relay is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the first relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the first power supply branch.

[0014] The second control branch includes a second resistor R8, a second inverter, a second capacitor C3, a second operational amplifier U4, a second switching transistor Q2, and a second relay KM2. The output of the comparator is electrically connected to the input of the second inverter. The output of the second inverter is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier through the second resistor. The non-inverting input is also grounded through the second capacitor. The inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to a second voltage. The output of the second operational amplifier is electrically connected to the base of the second switching transistor. The collector of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the power supply VCC through a resistor. The emitter of the second switching transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second relay. The negative terminal of the second relay is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the second relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the second power supply branch.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the comparison output of the comparator and the reference voltage is used to realize the reverse logic control of the first and second control branches in combination with the inverter. The RC circuit composed of resistors and capacitors is used in conjunction with the operational amplifier to form a delay triggering mechanism. Then, the switching transistor drives the relay to control the on and off of the corresponding power supply branch. This not only accurately realizes the logic function of the two branches first conducting and then delaying to shut down the first branch when the temperature is abnormal, but also the logic function of the two branches first conducting and then delaying to shut down the second branch after the temperature drops.

[0016] Optionally, the temperature comparison control module includes a microcontroller. The input terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature detection module, and is used to receive the power supply ambient temperature detected by the temperature detection module. The output terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to a first power supply branch and a second power supply branch, respectively, and is used to issue control signals according to the received power supply ambient temperature: when the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch is controlled to be turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off; when the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are controlled to be turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is controlled to be turned off; when the temperature drops to below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are controlled to be turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is controlled to be turned off.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and using a microcontroller as the core of temperature comparison and control, the maximum temperature threshold and delay time can be flexibly set through programming to achieve intelligent and precise control of the on / off state of the first and second power supply branches. The microcontroller directly receives the signal from the temperature detection module and outputs control instructions, which simplifies the hardware circuit structure and reduces wiring complexity.

[0018] Optionally, the reference voltage unit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor connected in series, or it includes a voltage divider resistor and a variable resistor connected in series.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the reference voltage can be stably output by fixing the resistance ratio of the resistors, ensuring that the reference value for temperature comparison control is stable and reliable, which is suitable for scenarios where the accuracy of the reference voltage is fixed; or, the reference voltage can be flexibly changed by adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor, thereby conveniently adjusting the maximum temperature threshold to adapt to different LED driver power supplies.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a humidity detection module and a humidity comparison and control module.

[0021] Humidity detection module, used to detect the humidity of the power supply environment;

[0022] The humidity comparison control module is used to control the humidity based on the detection results of the humidity detection module. When the humidity is lower than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity is higher than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity drops below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the humidity is below the maximum threshold, the system operates efficiently through only the first power supply branch; when the humidity exceeds the limit, the dual branches work together to share the load, reducing the risk of moisture aging of a single component in a high humidity environment, and then the first branch is delayed to achieve continuous operation of the single branch, avoiding accelerated performance degradation of components due to long-term full-load operation under humid conditions; after the humidity drops, the second branch is shut down through the dual branches to smoothly switch to the single branch mode, reducing the humidity stress impact during state switching.

[0024] Optionally, the first power supply branch corresponds to a humidity detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second humidity detection module.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, independent humidity detection modules are configured for the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch, which can accurately obtain the local environmental humidity around each branch and avoid misjudgment caused by the limited detection range or uneven distribution of environmental humidity of a single humidity detection module.

[0026] Optionally, the maximum humidity threshold in the humidity comparison control module is achieved by an adjustable voltage divider unit, which includes a voltage divider resistor and an adjustable resistor connected in series.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the reference voltage can be flexibly changed by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, thereby conveniently adjusting the specific value of the maximum humidity threshold, which can be adapted to different LED driver power supply application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a high-efficiency switching power supply topology.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram where the first power supply branch corresponds to one temperature detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to the second temperature detection module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] This application discloses a high-efficiency switching power supply topology, referring to... Figure 1It includes a temperature detection module and a temperature comparison and control module;

[0032] Temperature detection module, used to detect the ambient temperature of the power supply, including a thermistor RT.

[0033] The temperature comparison and control module is used to control the system based on the detection results of the temperature detection module. When the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature drops below the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

[0034] When the temperature is normal (below the maximum threshold), only the first power supply branch is activated to reduce the number of operating components, thereby reducing power consumption and heat generation and delaying the aging of key components such as capacitors and switching transistors. When the temperature is too high, the load is first shared by the two branches working together to relieve the pressure on the single branch. Then, the first branch is shut down after a delay to allow the single branch to continue operating, avoiding accelerated failure of components due to long-term full-load operation at high temperatures. After the temperature returns to normal, the second branch is shut down through the dual-branch transition to smoothly switch to the efficient single-branch mode, reducing voltage stress impact during state transition.

[0035] The signal output from the temperature detection module is processed by the inverting amplifier U1 and the first inverter before being output to the temperature comparison and control module. The non-inverting input of the inverting amplifier U1 is grounded through resistor R2, and the inverting input of the inverting amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the output of the temperature detection module through resistor R1. The inverting input of the inverting amplifier U1 is electrically connected to its output through resistor R3, and the output of the inverting amplifier U1 is grounded through filter capacitor C1. The output of the inverting amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the input and output of the first inverter, and the output of the first inverter is electrically connected to the input of the temperature comparison and control module.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The temperature comparison and control module includes a comparator U2, a first control branch, and a second control branch. The output of the temperature detection module is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator U2, and the inverting input of the comparator U2 is connected to the output of the reference voltage unit. The first control branch includes a first resistor R6, a first capacitor C2, a first operational amplifier U3, a first switching transistor Q1, and a first relay KM1.

[0037] The output of comparator U2 is electrically connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor R6. The inverting input is also grounded through the first capacitor C2. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first voltage Vref1. The output of the first operational amplifier U3 is electrically connected to the base of the first switching transistor Q1. The collector of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC through the resistor R7. The emitter of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first relay KM1. The negative terminal of the first relay KM1 is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the first relay KM1 is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the first power supply branch.

[0038] The second control branch includes a second resistor R8, a second capacitor C3, a second operational amplifier U4, a second switching transistor Q2, and a second relay KM2;

[0039] The output of comparator U2 is electrically connected to the input of the second inverter. The output of the second inverter is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier U4 through the second resistor R8. The non-inverting input is also grounded through the second capacitor C3. The inverting input of the second operational amplifier U4 is connected to the second voltage. The output of the second operational amplifier U4 is electrically connected to the base of the second switching transistor Q2. The collector of the second switching transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the power supply VCC through the resistor R9. The emitter of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the second relay KM2. The negative terminal of the second relay KM2 is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the second relay KM2 is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the second power supply branch.

[0040] By comparing the output of the comparator with the reference voltage and combining it with an inverter, the reverse logic control of the first and second control branches is realized. The RC circuit composed of resistors and capacitors is used in conjunction with the operational amplifier to form a delay triggering mechanism. Then, the switching transistor drives the relay to control the on and off of the corresponding power supply branch. This not only accurately realizes the logic function of turning on the first branch first and then turning off the first branch after a delay when the temperature is abnormal, but also turns on the second branch first and then turns off the second branch after the temperature drops.

[0041] In other embodiments, the temperature comparison control module includes a microcontroller. The input terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature detection module to receive the ambient power temperature detected by the temperature detection module. The output terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to a first power branch and a second power branch, respectively, to issue control signals based on the received ambient power temperature: when the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch is controlled to turn on and the second power branch is controlled to turn off; when the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch and the second power branch are controlled to turn on, and after a delay, the first power branch is controlled to turn off; when the temperature drops below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch and the second power branch are controlled to turn on, and after a delay, the second power branch is controlled to turn off.

[0042] By using a microcontroller as the core of temperature comparison and control, the maximum temperature threshold and delay time can be flexibly set through programming, realizing intelligent and precise control of the on / off state of the first and second power supply branches. The microcontroller directly receives signals from the temperature detection module and outputs control commands, which simplifies the hardware circuit structure and reduces wiring complexity.

[0043] In this embodiment, the reference voltage unit includes a first voltage divider resistor R4 and a second voltage divider resistor R5 connected in series. In other embodiments, it includes a voltage divider resistor and a variable resistor connected in series.

[0044] By using a fixed resistor ratio to stabilize the output reference voltage, the reference value for temperature comparison control is ensured to be stable and reliable, making it suitable for scenarios where the accuracy of the reference voltage is fixed. Alternatively, by adjusting the resistance value of a variable resistor, the magnitude of the reference voltage can be flexibly changed, thereby conveniently adjusting the maximum temperature threshold to adapt to different LED driver power supplies.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 In other embodiments, the first power supply branch corresponds to a temperature detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second temperature detection module.

[0046] When the temperature of a branch circuit is abnormal, another branch circuit can be activated or switched to share the load, avoiding overall control inaccuracy caused by temperature detection deviation of a single branch circuit, and reducing the risk of misjudgment caused by mutual temperature interference between branches.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Example 2 has a circuit that is basically the same as that of Example 1, but adds a humidity detection circuit, which includes a humidity detection module and a humidity comparison control module.

[0049] Humidity detection module, used to detect the humidity of the power supply environment.

[0050] The humidity comparison control module is used to control the humidity based on the detection results of the humidity detection module. When the humidity is lower than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity is higher than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity drops below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

[0051] When the humidity is below the maximum threshold, it operates efficiently through only the first power supply branch. When the humidity exceeds the limit, the two branches work together to share the load, reducing the risk of moisture aging of a single component in a high humidity environment. Then, the first branch is shut down after a delay to enable continuous operation of the single branch, avoiding accelerated performance degradation of components due to long-term full-load operation under humid conditions. After the humidity drops, the second branch is shut down through the two branches to smoothly switch to the single branch mode, reducing the humidity stress impact during state switching.

[0052] The circuit diagram for humidity detection is the same as that for temperature detection, except that the thermistor is replaced with a humidity sensor, and the corresponding resistance and capacitance values ​​are modified according to the application scenario.

[0053] In other embodiments, the first power supply branch corresponds to a humidity detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second humidity detection module.

[0054] The first and second power supply branches are each equipped with an independent humidity detection module, which can accurately obtain the local environmental humidity around each branch, avoiding misjudgments caused by the limited detection range or uneven distribution of environmental humidity of a single humidity detection module.

[0055] In other embodiments, the maximum humidity threshold in the humidity comparison control module is achieved by an adjustable voltage divider unit, which includes a voltage divider resistor and an adjustable resistor connected in series.

[0056] By adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, the reference voltage can be flexibly changed, thereby conveniently adjusting the specific value of the maximum humidity threshold, which can be adapted to different LED driver power supply application scenarios.

[0057] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency switching power supply topology, characterized in that, Includes a temperature detection module and a temperature comparison and control module; Temperature detection module, used to detect the ambient temperature of the power supply; The temperature comparison and control module is used to control the system based on the detection results of the temperature detection module. When the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the temperature drops below the maximum temperature threshold, both the first and second power supply branches are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

2. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first power supply branch corresponds to a temperature detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second temperature detection module.

3. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature comparison and control module includes a comparator, a first control branch, and a second control branch. The output of the temperature detection module is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator, and the inverting input of the comparator is connected to the output of the reference voltage unit. The first control branch includes a first resistor, a first capacitor, a first operational amplifier, a first switching transistor, and a first relay. The comparator's output is electrically connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier via a first resistor. The inverting input is also grounded via a first capacitor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to a first voltage. The output of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the base of the first switching transistor. The collector of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power supply VCC via a resistor. The emitter of the first switching transistor is connected to the positive terminal of the first relay. The negative terminal of the first relay is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the first relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the first power supply branch. The comparator's output is electrically connected to the inverter's input. The inverter's output is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier via a second resistor. The non-inverting input is also grounded via a second capacitor. The second operational amplifier's inverting input is connected to a second voltage. The second operational amplifier's output is electrically connected to the base of a second switching transistor. The second switching transistor's collector is electrically connected to the power supply VCC via a resistor. The second switching transistor's emitter is connected to the positive terminal of a second relay. The second relay's negative terminal is grounded. The normally closed switch corresponding to the second relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the second power supply branch.

4. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature comparison and control module includes a microcontroller. The input terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature detection module to receive the ambient power temperature detected by the temperature detection module. The output terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to a first power branch and a second power branch, respectively, to issue control signals based on the received ambient power temperature: when the temperature is lower than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch is turned on and the second power branch is turned off; when the temperature is higher than the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch and the second power branch are turned on, and after a delay, the first power branch is turned off; when the temperature drops below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power branch and the second power branch are turned on, and after a delay, the second power branch is turned off.

5. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The reference voltage unit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor connected in series, or it includes a voltage divider resistor and a variable resistor connected in series.

6. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a humidity detection module and a humidity comparison and control module. Humidity detection module, used to detect the humidity of the power supply environment; The humidity comparison control module is used to control the humidity based on the detection results of the humidity detection module. When the humidity is lower than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch is turned on and the second power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity is higher than the maximum humidity threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the first power supply branch is turned off. When the humidity drops below the maximum temperature threshold, the first power supply branch and the second power supply branch are turned on, and after a delay, the second power supply branch is turned off.

7. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first power supply branch corresponds to a humidity detection module, and the second power supply branch corresponds to a second humidity detection module.

8. The high-efficiency switching power supply topology according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The maximum humidity threshold in the humidity comparison control module is achieved by an adjustable voltage divider unit, which includes a voltage divider resistor and an adjustable resistor connected in series.

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