Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system suitable therefor

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system suitable for the photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic module comprises a first panel, a second panel, a cell, an adhesive film and a water-blocking material. The first panel, the cell and the second panel are sequentially stacked. The adhesive film wraps the cell from the periphery of the cell. The adhesive film has an extension part extending away from the cell from the edge of the cell. The area between the extension part, the first panel and the second panel is filled with the water-blocking material. When the interface water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material is better than that of the adhesive film, the end of the extension part away from the cell comprises a protruding part, and the protruding part does not contact the first panel and the second panel. When the interface water-blocking performance of the adhesive film is better than that of the water-blocking material, the end of the extension part away from the cell comprises a recessed part, and the recessed part is respectively attached to the first panel and the second panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates primarily to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system applicable thereto. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of heterojunction solar cells, silver-clad copper technology, tunnel oxide passivated contact solar cells (TOPCon cells), and OBB (Out-of-Block) gridless technology, various encapsulation materials and cell pastes have emerged. Consequently, these new encapsulation materials and their corresponding welding materials have placed new demands on their tolerance to moisture and oxygen. This necessitates the adoption of appropriate module waterproofing technologies to reduce the penetration of moisture into photovoltaic modules. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system applicable thereto, so as to improve the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a first panel, a second panel, solar cells, an encapsulating film, and a water-blocking material. The first panel, solar cells, and second panel are stacked sequentially. The encapsulating film surrounds the solar cells. The encapsulating film has an extension extending from the edge of the solar cells away from them. The area between the extension, the first panel, and the second panel is filled with the water-blocking material. When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material is superior to that of the encapsulating film, the end of the extension away from the solar cells includes a protrusion that does not contact the first panel or the second panel. When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the encapsulating film is superior to that of the water-blocking material, the end of the extension away from the solar cells includes a recess that is respectively attached to the first panel and the second panel.

[0005] Optionally, when the interfacial water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material is better than that of the adhesive film, the protrusion includes a first side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the first panel and a second side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the second panel. The first side surface includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge being closer to the first panel than the second edge and closer to the battery cell than the second edge, wherein the distance between the first side surface and the first panel increases continuously from the first edge to the second edge; the second side surface includes a third edge and a fourth edge, the third edge being closer to the second panel than the fourth edge and closer to the battery cell than the fourth edge, wherein the distance between the second side surface and the second panel increases continuously from the third edge to the fourth edge.

[0006] Optionally, when the interfacial water-blocking performance of the adhesive film is better than that of the water-blocking material, the recess includes a first side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the first panel and a second side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the second panel. The first side surface includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge being closer to the first panel than the second edge and further away from the battery cell than the second edge, wherein the distance between the first side surface and the first panel increases continuously from the first edge to the second edge; the second side surface includes a third edge and a fourth edge, the third edge being closer to the second panel than the fourth edge and further away from the battery cell than the fourth edge, wherein the distance between the second side surface and the second panel increases continuously from the third edge to the fourth edge.

[0007] Optionally, the distance between the end of the extension away from the battery cell and the edge of the adjacent first panel is not less than 1 mm, and the distance between the end of the extension away from the battery cell and the edge of the adjacent second panel is not less than 1 mm.

[0008] Optionally, the length of the protrusion or recess in the extending direction of the extension is not greater than 12 mm.

[0009] Optionally, the material of the water-blocking material includes any one or more of butyl rubber, butyl silicone rubber, water-blocking silicone rubber, and modified polyolefin.

[0010] Optionally, the material of the film includes any one or more of EVA, EPE, TPO, POE, and PVB materials.

[0011] Optionally, the material of the first panel includes glass; and / or the material of the second panel includes glass.

[0012] Optionally, the water-blocking material away from the edge of the battery cell is located on the same plane as the edges of the adjacent first panel and the adjacent second panel.

[0013] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a photovoltaic system comprising at least one of the aforementioned photovoltaic modules.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages: water-blocking material is filled between the first panel, the second panel and the extension of the adhesive film, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module; on this basis, materials with good interfacial water-blocking performance are selected from the adhesive film and the water-blocking material and bonded to the first panel and the second panel, thereby reducing the water vapor that seeps into the interior of the photovoltaic module from the surface of the first panel and the surface of the second panel, thereby improving the interfacial waterproof performance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this application; they are incorporated into and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of this application and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the edge structure of the photovoltaic module along the tangential direction AA;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the edge structure of a photovoltaic module along the tangential direction AA according to another embodiment of this application; and

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of setting a water vapor detection test paper on a waterproof component in a water vapor detection method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0021] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0022] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0024] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module 10 includes a power generation unit 11 and an encapsulation unit 12 surrounding the power generation unit 11. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the edge structure of the photovoltaic module 10 along the tangential direction AA. This is understandable. Figure 2 Only examples are shown. Figure 1 The structure on the right edge of the photovoltaic module 10. (Example) Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the power generation unit 11 includes a battery cell 111, and the encapsulation unit 12 includes a first panel 121, a second panel 122, an adhesive film 123, and a water-blocking material 124. In this embodiment, the first panel 121, the battery cell 111, and the second panel 122 are stacked sequentially along the x-direction. In this embodiment, the adhesive film 123 surrounds the battery cell 111 from its periphery. That is, in this embodiment, the adhesive film 123 fills the area between the battery cell 111 and the first panel 121 and the area between the battery cell 111 and the second panel 122 in the x-direction, respectively. Therefore, in this embodiment, the battery cell 111 does not directly contact the first panel 121 and the second panel 122 along the x-direction. In this embodiment, the material of the adhesive film 123 includes EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). It should be noted that this application does not limit the material of the adhesive film. In some embodiments, the adhesive film is made of EPE (expanded polyethylene), in some embodiments it is made of TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin), in some embodiments it is made of POE (polyolefin elastomer), and in some embodiments it is made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral). In this embodiment, the first panel 121 is made of glass, and the second panel 122 is made of glass. It should be noted that this application does not limit the materials of the first and second panels. In some embodiments, the first or second panel includes other highly transparent materials.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the adhesive film 123 has an extension 31. The extension 31 extends from the edge of the battery cell 111 in a direction away from the battery cell 111, i.e., the y-direction. In this embodiment, the area between the extension 31, the first panel 121, and the second panel 122 is filled with a water-blocking material 124. In this embodiment, the extension 31 includes an adhesive film filling portion 311 and a recessed portion 312. Specifically, the adhesive film filling portion 311 extends from the edge of the battery cell 111 along the y-direction, and in the area extending along the y-direction, the adhesive film filling portion 311 is always in contact with the first panel 121 and the second panel 122, i.e., the adhesive film filling portion 311 fills the area between the first panel 121 and the second panel 122 in the y-direction. It should be noted that when the adhesive film filling portion 311 is shown with a dashed frame, the area outlined by the dashed frame is slightly larger than the actual boundary of the structure for easy identification.

[0029] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The recessed portion 312 extends along the y-direction from the end of the adhesive film filling portion 311 away from the battery cell 111, and the recessed portion 312 is respectively attached to the first panel 121 and the second panel 122. In this embodiment, the length of the recessed portion 312 in the y-direction of the extension portion 123 is no more than 12mm. In this embodiment, the recessed portion 312 includes a first side surface 321 and a second side surface 331. The first side surface 321 contacts the water-blocking material 124 and is close to the first panel 121. In this embodiment, the first side surface 321 includes a first edge 322 and a second edge 323. The first edge 322 is closer to the first panel 121 than the second edge 323, and the first edge 322 is farther away from the battery cell 111 than the second edge 323. The distance between the first side surface 321 and the first panel 121 increases continuously from the first edge 322 to the second edge 323.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The second side 331 contacts the water-blocking material 124 and is close to the second panel 122. The second side 331 includes opposing third edges 332 and fourth edges 333. The third edge 332 is closer to the second panel 122 than the fourth edge 333, and the third edge 332 is closer to the battery cell 111 than the fourth edge 333. The distance between the second side 331 and the second panel 122 increases progressively from the third edge 332 to the fourth edge 333. It should be noted that... Figure 2 The curvature trend of the first side 321 and the second side 331 is shown only as an example. This application does not limit the specific curvature of the first side and the second side. In some embodiments, the distance between the first side and the first panel and the distance between the second side and the second panel can always be no less than a fixed value.

[0031] Continue to refer to Figure 2In this embodiment, the edge of the water-blocking material 124 away from the battery cell 111 is on the same plane as the edge of the adjacent first panel 121 and the edge of the adjacent second panel 122, that is... Figure 2 The water-blocking material 124 does not overflow the area between the first panel 121, the second panel 122, and the adhesive film 123. Furthermore, the water-blocking material 124 does not contact the first edge end face 1211 of the first panel 121 or the second edge end face 1221 of the second panel 122. Further, in this embodiment, the distance between the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 and the edge of the adjacent first panel 121 (i.e., the first edge end face 1211) is not less than 1 mm, and the distance between the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 and the edge of the adjacent second panel 122 (i.e., the second edge end face 1221) is not less than 1 mm. That is, in this embodiment, the water-blocking area 1241 from the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 to the edge of the first panel 121 and the edge of the second panel 122 is completely filled with the water-blocking material 124, meaning that the water-blocking material 1241 in the water-blocking area 1241 is completely adhered to the first panel 121 and the second panel 122, respectively. It should be noted that, when the water-blocking region 1241 is shown with a dashed frame, the area outlined by the dashed frame is slightly larger than the actual boundary of the structure for ease of identification. Therefore, in this embodiment, the extension length of the water-blocking region 1241 along the y-direction is not less than 1 mm, and this setting achieves better bulk water-blocking performance. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the interfacial water-blocking performance of the adhesive film 123 is superior to that of the water-blocking material 124. The bulk water-blocking performance and interfacial water-blocking performance will be described in detail later.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The extended portion of the encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module of this embodiment has a different structure than the extended portion of the encapsulant film in the photovoltaic module of Embodiment 1. Apart from this, the other structures of the photovoltaic module are the same and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the parts in this embodiment that have the same structure or arrangement as the encapsulant film in Embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals.

[0034] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the adhesive film 123 has an extension 41. The extension 41 extends from the edge of the battery cell 111 in a direction away from the battery cell 111, i.e., the y-direction. In this embodiment, the area between the extension 41, the first panel 121, and the second panel 122 is filled with a water-blocking material 124. In this embodiment, the water-blocking material 124 is made of butyl rubber. It should be noted that this application does not limit the material of the water-blocking material. In some embodiments, the water-blocking material is made of butyl rubber; in some embodiments, the water-blocking material is made of water-blocking silicone; and in some embodiments, the water-blocking material is made of modified polyolefin.

[0035] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the extension 41 includes a film-filled portion 411 and a protrusion 412. Specifically, the film-filled portion 411 extends from the edge of the battery sheet 111 along the y-direction, and in the region extending along the y-direction, the film-filled portion 411 is always in contact with the first panel 121 and the second panel 122, respectively; that is, the film-filled portion 411 fills the region between the first panel 121 and the second panel 122 in the y-direction. It should be noted that when the film-filled portion 411 is shown with a dashed frame, the area outlined by the dashed frame is slightly larger than the actual boundary of the structure for easy identification.

[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The protrusion 412 extends along the y-direction from the end of the adhesive film filling portion 411 away from the battery cell 111, and the protrusion 412 does not contact the first panel 121 and the second panel 122. In this embodiment, the length of the protrusion 412 in the y-direction of the extension portion 123 is no greater than 12mm. In this embodiment, the protrusion 412 includes a first side surface 421 and a second side surface 431. The first side surface 421 contacts the water-blocking material 124 and is close to the first panel 121. In this embodiment, the first side surface 421 includes a first edge 422 and a second edge 423. The first edge 422 is closer to the first panel 121 than the second edge 423, and the first edge 422 is closer to the battery cell 111 than the second edge 423. The distance between the first side surface 421 and the first panel 121 increases continuously from the first edge 422 to the second edge 423.

[0037] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The second side 431 contacts the water-blocking material 124 and is close to the second panel 122. The second side 431 includes opposing third edges 432 and fourth edges 433. The third edge 432 is closer to the second panel 122 than the fourth edge 433, and the third edge 432 is closer to the battery cell 111 than the fourth edge 433. The distance between the second side 431 and the second panel 122 increases progressively from the third edge 432 to the fourth edge 433. It should be noted that... Figure 3 The curvature trends of the first side 421 and the second side 431 are shown only as examples. This application does not limit the specific curvature of the first side and the second side. In some embodiments, the distance between the first side and the first panel and the distance between the second side and the second panel can always be no less than a fixed value.

[0038] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the edge of the water-blocking material 124 away from the battery cell 111 is on the same plane as the edge of the adjacent first panel 121 and the edge of the adjacent second panel 122, that is... Figure 3The water-blocking material 124 does not overflow the area between the first panel 121, the second panel 122, and the adhesive film 123. Furthermore, the water-blocking material 124 does not contact the first edge end face 1211 of the first panel 121 or the second edge end face 1221 of the second panel 122. Further, in this embodiment, the distance between the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 and the edge of the adjacent first panel 121 (i.e., the first edge end face 1211) is not less than 1 mm, and the distance between the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 and the edge of the adjacent second panel 122 (i.e., the second edge end face 1221) is not less than 1 mm. That is, in this embodiment, the water-blocking area 1241 from the end of the extension 123 away from the battery cell 111 to the edge of the first panel 121 and the edge of the second panel 122 is completely filled with the water-blocking material 124, meaning that the water-blocking material 1241 in the water-blocking area 1241 is completely adhered to the first panel 121 and the second panel 122, respectively. It should be noted that, when the water-blocking region 1241 is shown with a dashed frame, the area outlined by the dashed frame is slightly larger than the actual boundary of the structure for ease of identification. Therefore, in this embodiment, the extension length of the water-blocking region 1241 along the y-direction is not less than 1 mm, and this setting enables better bulk water-blocking performance. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the interfacial water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material 124 is superior to that of the adhesive film 123.

[0039] Regarding the aforementioned bulk water-blocking performance and interfacial water-blocking performance, the following explanation is provided. During their research on the waterproof performance of photovoltaic modules, the inventors discovered that moisture from the outside of the photovoltaic module can penetrate into its interior through various pathways. Specifically, for example… Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic module 50 includes a first panel 51, a second panel 52, and a water-blocking material 53 filled between the first panel 51 and the second panel 52. In this embodiment, the water-blocking material 53 is butyl rubber. It is understood that... Figure 4 This illustration only shows a portion of the structure of the edge region of the photovoltaic module 50 and does not represent the cells and encapsulant film within the photovoltaic module. The y' direction is the direction from the edge 501 of the photovoltaic module 50 to the center. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 4Moisture detection papers are placed at multiple specific locations equidistant from the edge 501 in the y' direction. These include a first moisture detection paper 61 located at the contact area between the water-blocking material 53 and the first panel 51, a second moisture detection paper 62 located at the contact area between the water-blocking material 53 and the second panel 52, and a third moisture detection paper 63 located inside the water-blocking material 53 and equidistant from both the first and second panels 51 and 52. It should be noted that the moisture detection papers are designed to absorb ambient moisture, and their color changes accordingly with the increase in absorbed moisture. In this embodiment, the color of the moisture detection papers gradually darkens as the amount of absorbed moisture increases. After placing the photovoltaic module 50 in a water-blocking performance testing environment (e.g., a high-humidity environment) for a period of time, the first and second moisture detection papers 61 and 62 are both darker than the third moisture detection paper 63, indicating that more moisture has penetrated the locations corresponding to the first and second moisture detection papers 61 and 62. Therefore, the same water-blocking material 53 exhibits different waterproofing properties in the area contacting the first panel 51 (interface region 502) or the area contacting the second panel 52 (interface region 503), and in the area filled by the water-blocking material 53 itself (body region 504). Thus, the waterproofing performance of the water-blocking material 53 in the interface region is denoted as the interface water-blocking performance, and the waterproofing performance of the water-blocking material 53 in the body region is denoted as the body water-blocking performance. It should be noted that, for ease of differentiation, the interface region is shown within a dashed frame, with the area enclosed by the dashed frame slightly larger than the actual boundary of the structure. Similarly, for ease of differentiation, the body region is shown within a dashed frame, with the area enclosed by the dashed frame slightly smaller than the actual boundary of the structure.

[0040] In the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, based on the interfacial water-blocking performance between the adhesive film and the water-blocking material, the adhesive film / water-blocking material with relatively good interfacial water-blocking performance is bonded to the first panel and the second panel, and the bonding area has a certain extension length from the edge of the photovoltaic module to the center of the photovoltaic module. This can inhibit external water vapor from penetrating into the interior of the photovoltaic module from the interfacial area. Thus, on the basis of providing good body water-blocking performance of the waterproof module, the interfacial water-blocking performance of the photovoltaic module is further enhanced, so the photovoltaic module obtains better comprehensive waterproof performance.

[0041] In another aspect, this application also proposes a photovoltaic system comprising at least one of the aforementioned photovoltaic modules.

[0042] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0043] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0044] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the present application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0045] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples with the terms "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of scope in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

[0046] Although this application has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate this application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of this application will fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes a first panel, a second panel, solar cells, an encapsulating film, and water-blocking materials, among which, The first panel, the battery cell, and the second panel are stacked in sequence. The adhesive film wraps around the battery cell from all sides; The adhesive film has an extension that extends from the edge of the battery cell in a direction away from the battery cell, and the area between the extension, the first panel and the second panel is filled with the water-blocking material. When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material is better than that of the adhesive film, the end of the extension away from the battery cell includes a protrusion, which does not contact the first panel and the second panel. When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the adhesive film is better than that of the water-blocking material, the end of the extension away from the battery cell includes a recess, and the recess is respectively attached to the first panel and the second panel.

2. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the water-blocking material is better than that of the adhesive film, the protrusion includes a first side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the first panel and a second side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the second panel. The first side surface includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge being closer to the first panel than the second edge, and the first edge being closer to the battery cell than the second edge. The distance between the first side surface and the first panel increases from the first edge to the second edge. The second side includes opposing third and fourth edges, the third edge being closer to the second panel than the fourth edge, and the third edge being closer to the battery cell than the fourth edge, wherein the distance between the second side and the second panel increases progressively from the third edge to the fourth edge.

3. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the interfacial water-blocking performance of the adhesive film is better than that of the water-blocking material, the recess includes a first side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the first panel and a second side surface that contacts the water-blocking material and is close to the second panel. The first side surface includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge being closer to the first panel than the second edge and the first edge being farther away from the battery cell than the second edge. The distance between the first side surface and the first panel increases from the first edge to the second edge. The second side includes opposing third and fourth edges, the third edge being closer to the second panel than the fourth edge and farther away from the battery cell than the fourth edge, wherein the distance between the second side and the second panel increases progressively from the third edge to the fourth edge.

4. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the end of the extension away from the battery cell and the edge of the adjacent first panel is not less than 1 mm, and the distance between the end of the extension away from the battery cell and the edge of the adjacent second panel is not less than 1 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the protrusion or the recess in the extension direction of the extension is not greater than 12 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking material is made of any one or more of butyl rubber, butyl silicone rubber, water-blocking silicone rubber, and modified polyolefin.

7. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive film is made of any one or more of the following materials: EVA, EPE, TPO, POE, and PVB.

8. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the first panel includes glass; and / or the material of the second panel includes glass.

9. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the water-blocking material away from the battery cell is on the same plane as the edge of the adjacent first panel and the edge of the adjacent second panel.

10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: At least one photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images