Adjustable depth digging implement for rhizome plant harvesting

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of adjustable deep excavating machine tools for rhizome plant harvesting, belong to agricultural machinery technical field, including lathe, wheel, connecting rod, storage and shovel carrier, the digging shovel is rotatably connected in lathe front side bottom, digging shovel side wall coaxially fixedly connected with rotating disc, rotating disc outer wall is equipped with multiple limit grooves, lathe bottom is fixedly connected with fixed block, locking hole is formed in fixed block, fixed peg is slidably inserted in the locking hole of fixed block, and fixed peg can be inserted in limit groove, rotating disc is locked by fixed peg, realize digging shovel angle adjustment, the outer wall of both sides of lathe is fixedly connected with shock block, and shock block is drivingly connected with the shovel carrier hinged in lathe bottom.The utility model is through the digging shovel of adjustable angle, solved the problem that excavating depth is difficult to flexibly adjust, reached can adapt to different depth crop excavating requirement, simultaneously, through vibration shovel carrier, the efficient separation effect of rhizome and soil is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes. Background Technology

[0002] Rhizomatous plants grow below the soil surface. Harvesting requires digging equipment to scoop up the rhizomatous plants along with the soil surrounding them. Existing rhizomatous plant digging equipment adopts a fixed structural design. The digging shovel of the digging equipment is rigidly fixed to the front end of the frame by welding. The digging shovel's entry angle into the soil is permanently locked, and there is no degree of freedom of relative movement between the digging shovel and the frame.

[0003] In the past, when digging small-particle root crops (such as tiger nuts, pinellia, corydalis, fritillaria, etc.), the fruiting depth of root plants varied due to soil texture and crop variety. Fixed-angle digging shovels could not meet the digging needs of root plants at different depths. When the depth of the digging shovel was less than the growth depth of the root plant, the blade at the front of the shovel directly cut the main body of the root plant, causing damage and reducing the yield. When the depth of the digging shovel was greater than the growth depth of the root plant, the shovel scooped up a large amount of excess soil, increasing the running resistance of the digging equipment and the workload of subsequent separation processes, thus reducing the harvesting efficiency of root plants.

[0004] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216532629U, which discloses a harvester for root and tuber plants. The harvesting structure includes a harvesting structure, a vibration structure, and a storage structure. The harvesting structure is located on one side of the vibration structure and is fixedly connected to it. The storage structure is located on the other side of the vibration structure and works in conjunction with it. The harvesting structure includes a digging frame, an adjusting frame, a protective shell, and a drive wheel. The digging frame is connected to the adjusting frame and rotatably connected to the protective shell via the adjusting frame. The drive wheel is located on the outside of the protective shell, which is connected to the vibration structure. This improved harvester structure, by adding a digging frame and an adjusting frame, enables the digging of root and tuber crops from the ground and, in conjunction with the vibration structure, removes surface soil from the crops, thus effectively increasing the efficiency of digging root and tuber plants. However, this utility model patent has significant drawbacks. It is limited to harvesting root and tuber plants and cannot adjust the digging depth in a timely manner according to the root and tuber depth of different plants, limiting its application to specific plants.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the existing technology of adjustable depth digging machines for harvesting root and stem plants, which have a fixed digging angle and cannot adapt to crops with different growth depths, this utility model aims to provide an adjustable depth digging machine for harvesting root and stem plants with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0007] This utility model provides an adjustable-depth digging tool for harvesting rhizomes, including: a machine tool, wheels rotatably connected to the rear of the left and right sides of the machine tool, a shovel frame hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the machine tool, and a connecting rod fixedly connected to the front end of the machine tool; it also includes a digging shovel, a rotating disc, a limiting groove, a fixing nail, and a fixing block.

[0008] The shovel is rotatably connected to the bottom front of the machine tool via a pin or bearing structure. A rotating disk is coaxially fixed to the right side wall of the shovel, and the shovel can be angled in a vertical plane around the connection point with the machine tool.

[0009] The outer wall of the rotating disk is provided with multiple limiting grooves spaced apart along the circumferential direction.

[0010] A fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the right side of the machine tool. The fixing block has a locking hole that penetrates the surface. The fixing pin is slidably inserted into the locking hole of the fixing block, and the end of the fixing pin near the rotating disk is detachably inserted into the inner wall of any limiting groove.

[0011] The shovel, the rotating disk, the fixing block, and the fixing nail are combined through a locking mechanism. When the fixing nail is simultaneously inserted into both the fixing block and the limiting groove, the rotating disk and the shovel maintain a fixed angle relative to the machine tool. By adjusting the position of the fixing nail in the limiting groove, the angle at which the shovel enters the soil can be adjusted and locked. The front end of the shovel frame extends to the lower rear side of the shovel to receive rooted plants with soil lifted by the shovel.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting root and stem plants has vibrating blocks fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the machine tool by bolts. The output end of the vibrating block abuts against the side wall of the shovel frame or is connected by a connecting rod. The vibrating block is used to drive the shovel frame to reciprocate up and down around the hinge point inside the machine tool to shake off the soil on the surface of the root and stem plants. The connection between the shovel frame and the machine tool is preferably a hinged connection to ensure the reciprocating motion of the shovel frame under vibration.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustable-depth digging implement for harvesting root and stem plants also includes a conveyor belt, which is located on the upper right side of the machine tool. One end of the conveyor belt is tightly fitted onto the axle of the wheel, and the other end of the conveyor belt is connected to the input shaft of the vibrating block. When the wheel rotates, the vibrating block is driven to run through the conveyor belt, providing a reliable driving force for the vibrating block.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable-depth excavator for harvesting rhizomes has a storage bin fixedly connected to the front of the top of the machine tool. The storage bin has a box structure with an open top, and the bottom of the storage bin is fixedly connected to the top plane of the machine tool by bolts. The storage bin is used to store counterweights or collected rhizomes.

[0015] Preferably, the shovel frame is tilted backward and upward, and the shovel frame is composed of multiple metal rods arranged at intervals to form a grid-like structure. The gaps between the metal rods of the grid-like structure are smaller than the minimum diameter of the root and stem plants to be harvested, and the gaps are larger than the diameter of soil particles, thus ensuring the effectiveness of screening.

[0016] Preferably, multiple limiting grooves on the rotating disk are evenly distributed radially around the center of the rotating disk. The cross-sectional shape of the limiting groove is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the fixing nail, and the depth of the limiting groove is greater than or equal to the length of the insertion end of the fixing nail, so as to ensure the stability of the locking.

[0017] Preferably, the fixing pin includes an insertion rod and a handle part disposed at the end of the insertion rod away from the rotating disk. The insertion rod and the locking hole of the fixing block are fitted with a clearance fit, and the fixing pin is preferably fitted with a locking buckle to prevent accidental dislodgement.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting rod has an inverted U-shaped or triangular structure, with both ends of the connecting rod fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the machine tool, and the middle of the front end of the connecting rod is provided with a traction hole for connecting external traction power.

[0019] Preferably, a guide plate is provided at the bottom of the machine tool and below the shovel frame. The guide plate is an inverted V-shaped or inclined plate structure, which is used to guide the soil screened off the shovel frame to both sides of the machine tool's travel path, so as to avoid the accumulation of waste soil affecting the operation of the machine.

[0020] This invention solves the problem of fixed or inflexible digging angles in existing excavators by setting up a digging angle adjustment and locking mechanism consisting of a shovel, a rotating disc, a limiting groove, and fixing nails. This allows for precise grading and adjustment based on the growth depth of different root plants and field conditions, significantly improving digging depth adaptability and harvesting efficiency. By using a vibrating block to drive the shovel frame hinged to the bottom of the machine tool for reciprocating vibration, it solves the problem of incomplete soil removal in traditional excavators. This achieves efficient soil removal and screening of root plants during digging, simplifying subsequent cleaning processes and improving the purity of the harvested material. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the front of the storage bin of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model. Figure 2This is a partial structural breakdown of the machine tool of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the shovel frame of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the shovel of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a partial structural view of the front side of the rotating disc of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a front view of the fixing block of an adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Legend: 1. Storage bin; 2. Machine tool; 3. Wheel; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Vibrating block; 6. Shovel frame; 7. Digging shovel; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Rotary disc; 10. Limiting groove; 11. Fixing nail; 12. Fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This utility model provides an adjustable-depth digging tool for harvesting rhizomes, which aims to solve the problem that the digging angle of existing rhizome harvesting tools is usually fixed or difficult to adjust, resulting in either digging too shallowly and missing crops or digging too deep and increasing resistance when facing crops of different growth depths.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The main structure of the adjustable-depth digging implement for harvesting root and stem plants includes a machine tool 2, wheels 3 rotatably connected to the left and right rear sides of the machine tool 2, a shovel frame 6 hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the machine tool 2, and a connecting rod 8 fixedly connected to the front end of the machine tool 2. The machine tool 2 is made of rigid metal material to provide a stable mounting platform. Axles are respectively provided on the left and right rear sides of the machine tool 2. The wheels 3 are rotatably mounted on the axles via bearings. The wheels 3 can rotate around the center of the axles to support the machine tool 2 and move in the field. The connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the front end of the machine tool 2. The connecting rod 8 has an inverted U-shaped or triangular structure. The two ends of the connecting rod 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the machine tool 2 by welding. A traction hole for connecting external traction power is opened in the middle of the front end of the connecting rod 8. An external traction vehicle is provided. For example, a tractor drives the entire implement forward by passing a hook through a traction hole. A shovel frame 6 is hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the machine tool 2. The shovel frame 6 and the machine tool 2 are connected by a pin or hinge. The shovel frame 6 can swing up and down around the connection point with the machine tool 2. The shovel frame 6 is set to tilt backward and upward. The shovel frame 6 is composed of multiple metal rods arranged at intervals to form a grid-like structure. The gaps in the grid-like structure are smaller than the minimum diameter of the root and stem plants to be harvested and larger than the diameter of soil particles. The shovel frame 6 is used to receive and transport the material dug up from the front. A storage bin 1 is fixedly connected to the top front side of the machine tool 2. The storage bin 1 is a box structure with an open top. The bottom of the storage bin 1 is fixedly connected to the top plane of the machine tool 2 by welding. The storage bin 1 is used to store the collected root and stem plants or counterweights.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A shovel 7 is rotatably connected to the front bottom of the machine tool 2. The shovel 7 is connected to the machine tool 2 through a pin or bearing structure. The shovel 7 can be angled in the vertical plane around this connection point. The main body of the shovel 7 is made of wear-resistant manganese steel alloy material. The front end has a blade-shaped structure for cutting into the soil and scooping up root plants with soil. A rotating disk 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to the right side wall of the shovel 7. The axis of the rotating disk 9 coincides with the rotation center of the shovel 7. The rotating disk 9 is connected by welding fastening. Multiple limiting grooves 10 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential wall of the rotating disk 9. The multiple limiting grooves 10 are evenly distributed radially with the center of the rotating disk 9 as the center. The cross-sectional shape of the limiting groove 10 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the fixing nail 11, and the depth of the limiting groove 10 is greater than or equal to the length of the insertion end of the fixing nail 11.

[0027] Meanwhile, a fixing block 12 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom right side of the machine tool 2. The fixing block 12 is fixed to the side wall of the machine tool 2 by bolts or welding. The fixing block 12 has a locking hole that penetrates the surface. The fixing nail 11 slides through the locking hole of the fixing block 12. The fixing nail 11 includes a rod part and a handle part located at the end of the rod part away from the rotating disk 9. The rod part and the locking hole of the fixing block 12 are clearance fit. The fixing nail 11 is fitted with a lock to prevent accidental dislodgement. The end of the fixing nail 11 near the rotating disk 9 is detachably inserted into the inner wall of any limiting groove 10. In the assembled state, the fixing nail 11 passes through the fixing block 12 and is inserted into the limiting groove 10. By locking the fixing nail 11 by inserting and removing it, the rotating disk 9 and the digging shovel 7 can be locked at a preset angle position relative to the machine tool 2, ensuring the stability of the digging angle of the digging shovel 7 in the working state, and ensuring the grading accuracy and locking reliability of the digging shovel 7 when adjusting the depth.

[0028] To further improve the separation efficiency of root plants from soil, vibrating blocks 5 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the machine tool 2 by bolts. The vibrating blocks 5 adopt an eccentric wheel mechanism or a vibration motor structure. The output end of the vibrating blocks 5 is connected to the side wall of the shovel frame 6 through a connecting rod or direct contact. When working, the vibrating blocks 5 generate high-frequency vibration and transmit it to the shovel frame 6. After being subjected to force, the shovel frame 6 vibrates up and down inside the machine tool 2 around the hinge point between the shovel frame 6 and the machine tool 2, which can effectively break the soil clods wrapped on the surface of the root plants and promote the soil clods to fall off.

[0029] To enable automatic drive of the vibration function by the walking power, the transmission belt 4 is arranged on the upper right side of the machine tool 2. One end of the transmission belt 4 is tightly fitted onto the axle of the wheel 3, and the other end of the transmission belt 4 is connected to the input shaft of the vibrating block 5. The transmission belt 4 is made of high-strength rubber belt or metal chain. When the implement is pulled forward in the field, the rotation of the wheel 3 drives the vibrating block 5 to run synchronously through the transmission belt 4. There is no need to configure an additional electric or fuel power source, which reduces the use cost and maintenance difficulty of the implement.

[0030] To ensure efficient screening, the shovel frame 6 is tilted backward and upward. The shovel frame 6 is composed of multiple high-strength metal rods arranged in parallel to form a grid-like structure. The gap between the metal rods of the shovel frame 6 is set to be smaller than the minimum diameter of the root and stem plants to be harvested and larger than the diameter of the soil particles. The front end of the shovel frame 6 is tightly connected to the lower rear side of the digging shovel 7. After the mixture scooped up by the digging shovel 7 slides into the shovel frame 6, the soil particles fall back into the field through the gap between the metal rods under the action of vibration, while the root and stem plants continue to be transported backward along the slope of the shovel frame 6.

[0031] To improve the ease of operation and stability of the machine, the fixing nail 11 consists of an insertion rod and an anti-slip handle at the end of the insertion rod. The insertion rod and the locking hole of the fixing block 12 are fitted with a clearance to facilitate insertion and removal. The fixing nail 11 is also fitted with a locking structure to prevent it from coming off due to vibration. In addition, a guide plate can be installed at the bottom of the machine tool 2 and below the shovel frame 6. The guide plate is an inverted V-shaped or inclined plate structure. The guide plate guides the waste soil sieved from the gap of the shovel frame 6 to both sides of the machine tool 2's travel path to prevent the waste soil from accumulating and affecting the normal rolling of the wheels 3.

[0032] In the past, when digging small-particle root crops (such as tiger nuts, pinellia, corydalis, fritillaria, etc.), when the machine needs to be used in the field, the connecting rod 8 is connected to the external towing vehicle through the traction hole. The wheels 3 roll on the ground to support the machine tool 2 and drive the whole machine forward. Before the machine moves forward, the operator can adjust the soil entry angle of the digging shovel 7 according to the estimated burial depth of the root plants. During adjustment, the operator pulls out the fixing nail 11, so that the fixing nail 11 is disengaged from the limiting groove 10 and slides out of the locking hole of the fixing block 12. At this time, the rotating disk 9 is in the unlocked state. The rotating disk 9 is connected to the digging shovel 7. The operator rotates the rotating disk 9, which drives the digging shovel 7 to rotate around the rotation axis. When the digging shovel 7 rotates to the predetermined soil entry angle, the operator re-inserts the fixing nail 11 into the locking hole of the fixing block 12 and makes the end enter the corresponding limiting groove 10 on the rotating disk 9 to complete the angle locking of the digging shovel 7, thus realizing the precise graded adjustment of the digging depth. As the machine moves forward, the shovel 7 cuts into the soil at a set angle, scooping up the root plants with soil attached and conveying them to the shovel frame 6 at the rear. At the same time, the rotation of the wheels 3 transmits power to the vibrating block 5 through the conveyor belt 4. The vibrating block 5 generates high-frequency reciprocating vibration after being driven, and transmits the vibration to the shovel frame 6. Since the shovel frame 6 is installed at the bottom of the machine tool 2 in a hinged manner, after being driven by the vibrating block 5, the shovel frame 6 vibrates up and down around the hinge point. Under the vibration of the shovel frame 6, the soil clumps attached to the root plants are effectively broken and sieved back into the field through the grid-like gaps of the shovel frame 6, achieving the initial and efficient separation of the root plants from the soil. The separated root plants are finally conveyed along the shovel frame 6, which is inclined backward and upward, and are transported to the storage bin 1 on the front side of the top of the machine tool 2 for collection.

Claims

1. An adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomatous plants, comprising: Machine tool (2), wheels (3) rotatably connected to the rear of the left and right sides of the machine tool (2), shovel frame (6) hinged to the bottom of the inner wall of the machine tool (2), and connecting rod (8) fixedly connected to the front end of the machine tool (2); Its features are, A shovel (7) is rotatably connected to the front bottom of the machine tool (2). A rotating disk (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the right side wall of the shovel (7). The shovel (7) can be angled around the connection point with the machine tool (2). Multiple limiting grooves (10) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the rotating disk (9). A fixing block (12) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the right bottom of the machine tool (2). A locking hole penetrating the surface is opened on the fixing block (12). A fixing nail (11) slides through the fixing block. The fixing pin (11) is detachably inserted into the inner wall of any of the limiting grooves (10) in the locking hole of the fixing block (12) and the end of the fixing pin (11) near the rotating disk (9); when the fixing pin (11) is inserted into the fixing block (12) and the limiting groove (10) at the same time, the rotating disk (9) and the digging shovel (7) maintain a fixed angle relative to the machine tool (2); the front end of the shovel frame (6) extends to the rear side of the digging shovel (7) to receive the soil-covered root plants scooped up by the digging shovel (7).

2. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Vibration blocks (5) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both sides of the machine tool (2). The output end of the vibration block (5) abuts against the side wall of the shovel frame (6) or is connected by a connecting rod. The vibration block (5) is used to drive the shovel frame (6) to vibrate up and down around the hinge point in the machine tool (2) to shake off the soil on the surface of the root and stem plant.

3. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 2, characterized in that, A transmission belt (4) is provided on the upper right side of the machine tool (2). One end of the transmission belt (4) is sleeved on the axle of the wheel (3), and the other end of the transmission belt (4) is connected to the input shaft of the vibration block (5). When the wheel (3) rotates, it drives the vibration block (5) to run through the transmission belt (4).

4. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A storage bin (1) is fixedly connected to the top front side of the machine tool (2). The storage bin (1) has a box structure with an open top. The bottom of the storage bin (1) is fixedly connected to the top plane of the machine tool (2) for storing counterweights or collected root and stem plants.

5. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shovel frame (6) is inclined backward and upward as a whole, and the shovel frame (6) is composed of multiple metal rods arranged at intervals to form a grid-like structure. The gaps in the grid-like structure are smaller than the minimum diameter of the root and stem plants to be harvested and larger than the diameter of the soil particles.

6. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple limiting grooves (10) are evenly distributed radially around the center of the rotating disk (9). The cross-sectional shape of the limiting groove (10) is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the fixing nail (11), and the depth of the limiting groove (10) is greater than or equal to the length of the insertion end of the fixing nail (11).

7. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing pin (11) includes a rod portion and a handle portion located at the end of the rod portion away from the rotating disk (9). The rod portion and the locking hole of the fixing block (12) are fitted with a clearance fit, and the fixing pin (11) is fitted with a lock buckle to prevent accidental dislodgement.

8. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (8) has an inverted U-shaped or triangular structure. The two ends of the connecting rod (8) are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the machine tool (2). The middle of the front end of the connecting rod (8) is provided with a traction hole for connecting external traction power.

9. The adjustable-depth digging machine for harvesting rhizomes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A soil guide plate is provided at the bottom of the machine tool (2) and below the shovel frame (6). The soil guide plate is used to guide the soil sieved from the shovel frame (6) to both sides of the machine tool (2).

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