A machine for harvesting onions

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of crop harvesting machinery, disclose a kind of digging and soil harvesting machine of wool onion, including bearing block, fixedly connected with the excavating turnover mechanism of bearing block side wall, fixedly connected with the suspension mechanism of bearing block both sides, set on the conveying lifting mechanism of suspension mechanism, fixedly connected with the walking support mechanism of bearing block lower end;The excavating block of excavating turnover mechanism is arc structure, and the end of excavating block is cylindrical, and there is gap between two adjacent excavating blocks.The utility model has the advantages of high excavating efficiency, good onion-soil separation effect, smooth conveying and compact structure, and is suitable for mechanized harvesting operation of wool onion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crop harvesting machinery technology, specifically a scallion digging and soil-removing harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Onions are a type of Allium crop with high economic value. Their bulbs grow underground, and harvesting requires digging them out of the soil and removing the attached soil. Currently, onion harvesting is mostly done manually or with the aid of simple agricultural tools.

[0003] However, existing harvesting methods have the following problems in practical applications: First, manual digging is inefficient and labor-intensive, making it difficult to meet the harvesting needs of large-scale planting; second, simple digging tools can only turn the scallions out of the soil, but cannot separate the scallions from the soil, requiring a large amount of manual labor for soil removal and cleaning; third, existing small harvesting machinery mostly uses a fixed digging shovel structure, causing the dug scallions to pile up on the shovel surface, making it difficult to transport them smoothly and easily causing congestion; fourth, the digging depth is not adjustable, making it difficult to adapt to different soil conditions and planting depths, resulting in a high rate of damaged scallions or missed digging.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a scallion harvesting machine with high digging efficiency, capable of separating scallions from soil, smooth conveying, and compact structure has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a scallion digging and soil removal harvester, which has the advantages of high digging efficiency, good scallion-soil separation effect, smooth conveying and compact structure, and solves the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A scallion digging and soil-removing harvester includes a carrying block, a digging and tilting mechanism fixedly connected to the side wall of the carrying block, a suspension mechanism fixedly connected to both sides of the carrying block, a conveying and lifting mechanism disposed on the suspension mechanism, and a walking support mechanism fixedly connected to the lower end of the carrying block; the digging block of the digging and tilting mechanism has an arc-shaped structure, the end of the digging block is cylindrical, and there is a gap between two adjacent digging blocks.

[0007] Preferably, the excavation and tilting mechanism includes a first fixed body fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing block, a rotating body rotatably mounted on the first fixed body, a first motor fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed body and whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating body, rotating arms fixedly connected to both sides of the rotating body, a first rotating column rotatably mounted between the two rotating arms, a plurality of excavation blocks fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating column, and a second motor fixedly connected to one side of the rotating arm and whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating column.

[0008] It is worth noting that the first motor drives the rotating body to rotate around its axis, which can drive the entire digging and turning mechanism to swing up and down, adjusting the depth of the digging blocks into the soil to adapt to different soil conditions and planting depth of shallots; the second motor drives the first rotating column to rotate, which drives multiple digging blocks to rotate around the axis of the first rotating column. After the digging blocks are inserted into the soil, they dig the shallots out of the soil. The gap between adjacent digging blocks can allow the soil attached during the digging process to be automatically screened off during the rotation, achieving preliminary separation of shallots and soil.

[0009] Preferably, multiple excavation blocks are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating column, and the arc bending direction of each excavation block is consistent with the rotation direction of the first rotating column; the cylindrical axis of the end of the excavation block is set parallel to the axis of the first rotating column.

[0010] It is worth noting that the digging blocks are evenly distributed along the axis of the first rotating column, ensuring that the digging force is consistent at all positions within the digging width and avoiding missed digging; the arc bending direction of the digging blocks is consistent with the rotation direction, so that the digging blocks cut into the soil at the optimal angle and reduce digging resistance; the setting of the end cylinder increases the contact area between the digging blocks and the onion bulbs, making it easier to hang and bring the onions out of the soil.

[0011] Preferably, the suspension mechanism includes connecting blocks fixedly connected to both sides of the load-bearing block, a fourth fixing block fixedly connected to the lower end of the two connecting blocks, and a fixing plate fixedly connected to one end of the two fourth fixing blocks that are close to each other; the conveying and lifting mechanism is disposed on the fixing plate.

[0012] It is worth noting that the connecting block securely connects the suspension mechanism to both sides of the load-bearing block, and the fourth fixing block extends downward to suspend the fixing plate below the load-bearing block, providing an installation base for the conveying and lifting mechanism; the fixing plate forms a stable double-support structure through the fourth fixing blocks on both sides, ensuring that the conveying and lifting mechanism has sufficient installation space and structural rigidity below the load-bearing block.

[0013] Preferably, the conveying and lifting mechanism includes a groove formed on the top surface of the fixed plate, a third motor fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate away from the bearing block, a lead screw rotatably installed in the recess of the groove, a bearing seat fixedly connected to the recess of the groove and rotatably cooperating with the lead screw, and a threaded sleeve block threadedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw; the output shaft of the third motor passes through the wall of the fixed plate and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw; the movable box is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded sleeve block.

[0014] It is worth noting that the third motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and through the threaded engagement, it drives the threaded sleeve block and the moving box to move along the groove direction, realizing the adjustment of the front and rear position of the moving box on the fixed plate; the bearing seat provides rotational support for the free end of the lead screw, ensuring the stability of the lead screw axis during rotation; the top surface of the fixed plate is a U-shaped structure, and the groove is opened in its recess, providing installation space and motion guidance for the lead screw and the threaded sleeve block.

[0015] Preferably, the conveying and lifting mechanism further includes a third fixed block fixedly connected to both sides of the movable box, an inclined block fixedly connected to the end of the third fixed block away from the movable box, a rotating roller rotatably installed between the two inclined blocks, another rotating roller rotatably installed between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box, and a fourth motor fixedly connected to one inclined block; the conveyor belt is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the two rotating rollers, and the output shaft of the fourth motor is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rotating roller; the V-shaped block is fixedly connected between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box.

[0016] It is worth noting that the fourth motor drives the rotating roller to rotate, which in turn drives the conveyor belt to move and lift the onions that fall into the V-shaped block upward along the conveyor belt; the two inclined blocks are set to be flared outward, which increases the width of the feed end of the conveyor belt, making it easier to receive the onions that are flipped and thrown from the digging and turning mechanism; the V-shaped concave surface of the V-shaped block is set to face upward, so that the onions automatically gather towards the bottom of the V after falling in, so that the onions are neatly arranged before entering the conveyor belt.

[0017] Preferably, the V-shaped concave surface of the V-block faces upward, and the width of the V-shaped opening of the V-block is greater than the width of the conveyor belt; the end faces of the two inclined blocks that are close to each other are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the two inclined blocks are flared outward in the direction away from the moving box.

[0018] It is worth noting that the opening width of the V-shaped block is greater than the width of the conveyor belt, ensuring that all the shallots falling into the V-shaped block can be caught by the conveyor belt and transported upwards, preventing the shallots from falling off the sides of the conveyor belt; the flared inclined surface of the inclined block forms a trumpet-shaped structure, which effectively increases the feeding capture range of the conveyor belt and improves the collection efficiency of the shallots.

[0019] Preferably, the walking support mechanism includes a first fixed block fixedly connected to the four corner edges of the lower end of the support block, and a first roller rotatably mounted on the first fixed block; the axis of the first roller is arranged parallel to the width direction of the support block.

[0020] It is worth noting that the four first rollers are distributed at the four corners of the lower end of the support block, providing a stable four-wheel support structure for the whole machine; the axis of the first roller is parallel to the width direction of the support block, so that the rolling direction of the roller is consistent with the forward direction of the whole machine, ensuring the straightness and stability of the whole machine when walking in the field.

[0021] Preferably, the top surface of the fixing plate is a U-shaped structure; two second fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing plate, and a second rotating column is fixedly connected to both sides of each second fixing block. A second roller is rotatably mounted on the second rotating column; the axis of the second roller is parallel to the width direction of the bearing block.

[0022] It is worth noting that the fixing plate adopts a U-shaped top surface structure, with grooves opened in the U-shaped recessed area, which not only provides installation space for the lead screw and threaded sleeve block, but also lowers the center of gravity height of the fixing plate; the second roller is installed at the lower end of the fixing plate through the second fixing block and the second rotating column, providing auxiliary walking support for the rear of the conveying and lifting mechanism, so that the conveying and lifting mechanism will not shake due to suspension when the whole machine moves in the field.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model achieves flexible adjustment of digging depth and continuous rotary digging by using a first motor to drive the rotating body in the digging and turning mechanism to adjust the digging depth, and a second motor to drive the digging block to rotate around the first rotating column to perform the digging action. This solves the problems of existing fixed digging shovels having no adjustable depth, easily damaging scallions, or missing digging. 2. This utility model, through the structure of reserving gaps between adjacent excavation blocks, allows the soil attached during the excavation process to be automatically screened off from the gaps when rotating and lifted, thus realizing the simultaneous excavation and initial separation of onion and soil. This solves the problem that existing excavation tools cannot achieve separation of onion and soil and that the subsequent soil removal workload is greatly increased. 3. This utility model uses the cooperation of V-shaped blocks and flared inclined blocks to automatically gather and arrange the onions in the V-shaped blocks after they are thrown to the feed end of the conveyor belt by the digging and turning mechanism. The flared structure of the inclined blocks increases the receiving range and solves the problem that the onions dug by existing harvesting machinery pile up on the shovel surface and cannot be smoothly conveyed backward. 4. This utility model adjusts the front and rear positions of the moving box through a screw drive mechanism, which can change the relative distance between the feed end of the conveyor belt and the digging and turning mechanism to adapt to the material throwing trajectory under different digging angles, ensuring seamless connection from digging to conveying of scallions and improving the continuity and reliability of harvesting. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the excavation and tilting mechanism of this utility model. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the conveying and lifting mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the conveyor belt of this utility model; Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the V-shaped block of this utility model. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the suspension mechanism of this utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Bearing block; 2. First fixed body; 3. Rotating body; 4. First motor; 5. Rotating arm; 6. First rotating column; 7. Digging block; 8. Second motor; 9. U-shaped block; 10. First fixed block; 11. First roller; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Groove; 14. Third motor; 15. Lead screw; 16. Bearing seat; 17. Threaded sleeve block; 18. Second fixed block; 19. Second rotating column; 20. Second roller; 21. Moving box; 22. Third fixed block; 23. Inclined block; 24. Rotating roller; 25. Conveyor belt; 26. Fourth motor; 27. V-shaped block; 28. Fourth fixed block; 29. ​​Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] To address the problems of low excavation efficiency, difficulty in separating onion and soil, poor conveying, and loose structure in existing technologies, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 1-6 .

[0028] A scallion digging and soil-removing harvester includes a carrying block 1, a digging and turning mechanism fixedly connected to the side wall of the carrying block 1, a suspension mechanism fixedly connected to both sides of the carrying block 1, a conveying and lifting mechanism disposed on the suspension mechanism, and a walking support mechanism fixedly connected to the lower end of the carrying block 1; the digging block 7 of the digging and turning mechanism has an arc-shaped structure, the end of the digging block 7 is cylindrical, and there is a gap between two adjacent digging blocks 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, specifically, the digging and turning mechanism includes a first fixed body 2 fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing block 1, a rotating body 3 rotatably mounted on the first fixed body 2, a first motor 4 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed body 2 with its output shaft fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating body 3, rotating arms 5 fixedly connected to both sides of the rotating body 3, a first rotating column 6 rotatably mounted between the two rotating arms 5, multiple digging blocks 7 fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating column 6, and a second motor 8 fixedly connected to one side of the rotating arm 5 with its output shaft fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating column 6. The rotating body 3 is a cylindrical rotating body structure, and the first motor 4 is a stepper motor or a servo motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle of the rotating body 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, specifically, multiple excavating blocks 7 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating column 6, and the arc bending direction of each excavating block 7 is consistent with the rotation direction of the first rotating column 6; the cylindrical axis of the end of the excavating block 7 is arranged parallel to the axis of the first rotating column 6. The excavating block 7 is formed by stamping or forging of metal sheet, and the end cylinder is a solid cylindrical structure.

[0031] In this embodiment, specifically, the suspension mechanism includes connecting blocks 29 fixedly connected to both sides of the bearing block 1, fourth fixing blocks 28 fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two connecting blocks 29, and fixing plates 12 fixedly connected to the two fourth fixing blocks 28 at their respective ends close to each other; the conveying and lifting mechanism is disposed on the fixing plate 12. The connecting blocks 29 are fixed to the sides of the bearing block 1 by bolts or welding, and the fourth fixing blocks 28 extend vertically downward.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically, the conveying and lifting mechanism includes a groove 13 formed on the downward surface of the fixed plate 12, a third motor 14 fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate 12 away from the bearing block 1, a lead screw 15 rotatably installed in the recess of the groove 13, a bearing seat 16 fixedly connected to the recess of the groove 13 and rotatably engaged with the lead screw 15, and a threaded sleeve 17 threadedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw 15; the output shaft of the third motor 14 passes through the wall of the fixed plate 12 and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 15; the movable box 21 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded sleeve 17. The groove 13 extends along the length direction of the fixed plate 12, and a rolling bearing is assembled inside the bearing seat 16.

[0033] In this embodiment, the conveying and lifting mechanism specifically includes a third fixed block 22 fixedly connected to both sides of the movable box 21, an inclined block 23 fixedly connected to the end of the third fixed block 22 away from the movable box 21, a rotating roller 24 rotatably installed between the two inclined blocks 23, another rotating roller 24 rotatably installed between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box 21, and a fourth motor 26 fixedly connected to one inclined block 23; the conveyor belt 25 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the two rotating rollers 24, and the output shaft of the fourth motor 26 is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rotating roller 24; the V-shaped block 27 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box 21. The two rotating rollers 24 are arranged vertically and vertically, and the conveyor belt 25 is made of rubber.

[0034] In this embodiment, specifically, the V-shaped concave surface of the V-shaped block 27 is arranged facing upwards, and the width of the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped block 27 is greater than the width of the conveyor belt 25; the end faces of the two inclined blocks 23 that are close to each other are inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces of the two inclined blocks 23 are arranged in a flared shape in the direction away from the moving box 21.

[0035] In this embodiment, specifically, the walking support mechanism includes a first fixing block 10 fixedly connected to the four corner edges of the lower end of the support block 1, and a first roller 11 rotatably mounted on the first fixing block 10; the axis of the first roller 11 is parallel to the width direction of the support block 1. The first roller 11 is a rubber wheel or an inflatable tire.

[0036] In this embodiment, specifically, the top surface of the fixing plate 12 is a U-shaped structure; two second fixing blocks 18 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing plate 12, and a second rotating column 19 is fixedly connected to both sides of each second fixing block 18. A second roller 20 is rotatably mounted on the second rotating column 19; the axis of the second roller 20 is parallel to the width direction of the bearing block 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, specifically, a U-shaped block 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the bearing block 1 away from the first fixing body 2; the outer surface of the conveyor belt 25 is provided with multiple anti-slip ridges, which are evenly distributed along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 25.

[0038] Working principle: When in use, the whole machine is connected to the rear of a tractor or other power equipment via a traction device. The first motor 4 drives the rotating body 3 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating arm 5 and the first rotating column 6 to swing around the axis of the rotating body 3, thereby adjusting the soil penetration depth of the digging block 7. The second motor 8 drives the first rotating column 6 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple digging blocks 7 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating column 6. The digging blocks 7 are inserted into the soil to dig out the scallions, and the gaps between adjacent digging blocks 7 will sift off the attached soil during the rotation. After the excavated shallots are rotated to the top by the excavation block 7, they are thrown into the V-shaped block 27 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force. The shallots automatically gather in the V-shaped concave surface of the V-shaped block 27. The fourth motor 26 drives the rotating roller 24 to rotate, which drives the conveyor belt 25 to run, lifting the shallots upward along the inclined surface of the inclined block 23 and conveying them to the collection device at the rear. When in use, the third motor 14 is turned on to drive the lead screw 15 to rotate, and the moving box 21 is driven to move back and forth along the groove 13 through the threaded sleeve block 17, which can adjust the feeding position of the conveyor belt 25.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine for digging, removing soil, and harvesting scallions, characterized in that: It includes a bearing block (1), a digging and turning mechanism fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing block (1), a suspension mechanism fixedly connected to both sides of the bearing block (1), a conveying and lifting mechanism set on the suspension mechanism, and a walking support mechanism fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing block (1); The excavating block (7) of the excavating and flipping mechanism has an arc-shaped structure, and the end of the excavating block (7) is cylindrical. There is a gap between two adjacent excavating blocks (7).

2. The onion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excavation and overturning mechanism includes a first fixed body (2) fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing block (1), a rotating body (3) rotatably mounted on the first fixed body (2), a first motor (4) fixedly connected to the side wall of the first fixed body (2) and whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating body (3), rotating arms (5) fixedly connected to both sides of the rotating body (3), a first rotating column (6) rotatably mounted between the two rotating arms (5), a plurality of excavation blocks (7) fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first rotating column (6), and a second motor (8) fixedly connected to one side of the rotating arm (5) and whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the first rotating column (6).

3. The onion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple excavation blocks (7) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first rotating column (6), and the arc bending direction of each excavation block (7) is consistent with the rotation direction of the first rotating column (6); the cylindrical axis of the end of the excavation block (7) is set parallel to the axis of the first rotating column (6).

4. A scallion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The suspension mechanism includes connecting blocks (29) fixedly connected to both sides of the load-bearing block (1), fourth fixing blocks (28) fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two connecting blocks (29), and fixing plates (12) fixedly connected to the two fourth fixing blocks (28) at one end close to each other; the conveying and lifting mechanism is set on the fixing plate (12).

5. A scallion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conveying and lifting mechanism also includes a groove (13) on the top surface of the fixed plate (12), a third motor (14) fixedly connected to the end of the fixed plate (12) away from the bearing block (1), a lead screw (15) rotatably installed in the recess of the groove (13), a bearing seat (16) fixedly connected to the recess of the groove (13) and rotatably engaged with the lead screw (15), and a threaded sleeve (17) threadedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw (15); the output shaft of the third motor (14) passes through the wall of the fixed plate (12) and is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw (15); the movable box (21) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded sleeve (17).

6. A scallion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conveying and lifting mechanism also includes a third fixed block (22) fixedly connected to both sides of the movable box (21), an inclined block (23) fixedly connected to one end of the third fixed block (22) away from the movable box (21), a rotating roller (24) rotatably installed between the two inclined blocks (23), another rotating roller (24) rotatably installed between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box (21), and a fourth motor (26) fixedly connected to one side of the inclined block (23); the conveyor belt (25) is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the two rotating rollers (24), and the output shaft of the fourth motor (26) is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding rotating roller (24); the V-shaped block (27) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of both sides of the movable box (21).

7. A scallion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The V-shaped concave surface of the V-shaped block (27) is set upwards, and the width of the V-shaped opening of the V-shaped block (27) is greater than the width of the conveyor belt (25); the end face of the two inclined blocks (23) that are close to each other is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the two inclined blocks (23) is set in a widening shape in the direction away from the moving box (21).

8. A scallion digging and soil-removing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking support mechanism includes a first fixed block (10) fixedly connected to the four corner edges of the lower end of the bearing block (1), and a first roller (11) rotatably mounted on the first fixed block (10); the axis of the first roller (11) is parallel to the width direction of the bearing block (1).

9. A scallion digging, soil-removing, and harvesting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top surface of the fixing plate (12) is a U-shaped structure; the lower end of the fixing plate (12) is fixedly connected to two second fixing blocks (18), and each second fixing block (18) is fixedly connected to two sides of a second rotating column (19), and a second roller (20) is rotatably installed on the second rotating column (19); the axis of the second roller (20) is parallel to the width direction of the bearing block (1).

10. A scallion digging and soil-removing harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that, A U-shaped block (9) is fixedly connected to one end of the bearing block (1) away from the first fixed body (2); multiple anti-slip ridges are provided on the outer surface of the conveyor belt (25), and the multiple anti-slip ridges are distributed at equal intervals along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (25).

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