A bone drill kit
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520146003.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
[0016]本实用新型的有益效果：本实用新型提供的骨钻套件，通过在第一钻体一端外侧壁上轴向延伸出加工覆盖外径固定的第一刀刃，在第二钻体一端外侧壁上轴向延伸出加工覆盖外径逐步增大的第二刀刃，第一钻体通过调节组件驱使在第二钻体内移动并停靠至预设位置，当第一钻体停靠至第一位置时，第一钻体的第一刀刃区域由第二通孔内露出，将骨骼上的初孔一次性扩孔为孔径较大的第一孔体，当第一钻体停靠至第二位置时，第一钻体的第一刀刃区域缩回第二通孔，通过第二钻体的第二刀刃将骨骼上的第一孔体逐步扩孔为满足内窥镜需求的的第二孔体，以便放入内窥镜，从而只需对患者病变部位的脊椎关节突进行一次穿刺手术磨除，即可完成现有手术需多次使用不同直径骨钻反复穿刺对病变关节突进行磨除的手术过程，方便快捷，提高了手术效率，降低了手术风险。
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Figure CN224853461U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical device technology and relates to a bone drill for percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, specifically a bone drill kit. Background Technology
[0002] Lumbar disc herniation is a common and frequently occurring disease in spinal orthopedics. It is caused by degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc, leading to rupture of the annulus fibrosus and protrusion of the nucleus pulposus into the spinal canal. This irritates and compresses nerve roots, blood vessels, or the spinal cord, resulting in symptoms primarily characterized by lower back and leg pain and numbness. Patients often experience severe pain, making walking impossible and significantly impacting their quality of life. Traditional surgical treatments are highly invasive, involve significant bleeding, have slow postoperative recovery, and suffer from long-term lower back discomfort and a high recurrence rate. With the increasing acceptance of minimally invasive techniques, percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED) has emerged. Due to its broad indications, minimal invasiveness, high safety, few complications, and definite efficacy, PED has rapidly gained popularity and development. Currently, this technique is not only used to treat disc herniation but also extensively for various types of bony stenosis and age-related degenerative changes, offering minimal trauma and definite efficacy compared to similar surgeries. The international minimally invasive spinal surgery field now recognizes PED as the leading technique in this area.
[0003] The basic principle of percutaneous endoscopic discectomy is to insert a working cannula through the safety triangle of the intervertebral foramen (which forms a working channel). Outside the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc, the endoscope and matching nucleus pulposus removal instruments are used to thoroughly remove the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus to relieve pressure on the nerve root. The surgical procedure is as follows: First, X-ray fluoroscopy is used to locate the lesion on the spine, and a surgical incision is made. Then, an anesthetic needle is inserted percutaneously to the lesion. Next, a guide wire is inserted through the central hole of the needle into the lesion. The needle is then withdrawn. Subsequently, a 4mm bone drill with a central hole is inserted along the guide wire into the lesion to grind away the articular processes in the lesion. The 4mm bone drill is then withdrawn along the guide wire. Before replacing the bone drill with a different diameter, X-ray fluoroscopy is used multiple times to ensure that the subsequent grinding of the articular processes with other diameter bone drills is accurate. Only then can a surgical access channel to the spinal canal be established. Then, a working cannula is inserted, and an endoscope is inserted into the working cannula for direct visualization and lesion resection.
[0004] Existing technologies typically employ, for example Figure 1 The procedure is performed using a grade 5 bone drill, but repeatedly changing to different models of bone drills may cause deviations, and multiple X-ray fluoroscopy positioning can have a certain impact on the health of doctors and patients, resulting in longer operation time, higher surgical risks, and certain psychological stress for doctors and patients. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes a bone drill kit that only requires a single puncture surgery to remove the vertebral articular process at the patient's lesion site, thus completing the surgical process that currently requires multiple punctures using bone drills of different diameters to remove the lesion articular process.
[0006] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A bone drill kit, characterized in that it comprises: The first drill body has a first cutting edge extending along the axial direction of the first drill body on the outer side wall of one end. When the first drill body rotates axially, the outer diameter of the machining coverage of the first cutting edge on the first drill body is X mm, where X is a natural number. The second drill body has a second cutting edge extending along the axial direction on the outer wall of one end. When the second drill body rotates axially, the outer diameter of the processing coverage of the second cutting edge on the second drill body smoothly transitions from Y mm to Z mm, where Y and Z are natural numbers, and Z > Y > X.
[0007] Furthermore, the first drill body is used to enlarge the initial hole with a diameter of less than X mm that has been drilled on the bone into a first hole with a diameter of X mm in one go through the first cutting edge on the first drill body; the second drill body is used to enlarge the first hole on the bone into a second hole with a diameter of Z mm through the second cutting edge on the second drill body. Preferably, the area where the first cutting edge is located on the first drill body extends outward to form a support portion that can enter the initial hole. Preferably, the support portion is arranged coaxially with the first drill body.
[0008] Furthermore, the first drill body has a first through hole that axially penetrates the first drill body, and the first through hole axially penetrates the abutment portion.
[0009] Furthermore, the second drill body has a second through hole that extends axially through the second drill body, and the first drill body can be adapted to pass through the second through hole.
[0010] Furthermore, when the first drill body performs the first one-time reaming, the first drill body is partially located in the second through hole, and the abutting part extends out of the second through hole and into the initial hole to be reamed; when the second drill body performs the second step-by-step reaming, the first cutting edge area of the first drill body retracts into the second through hole, and the abutting part is exposed from the second through hole and extends into the first hole to be reamed.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an adjustment component. When the first drill body is adapted to pass through the second through hole of the second drill body, the adjustment component can drive the first drill body to move along the axial direction of the second drill body within the second through hole and stop at the first position or the second position respectively. When the first drill body stops at the first position, the first drill body is partially located in the second through hole and the first cutting edge area and the abutment part are fully exposed in the second through hole. When the first drill body stops at the second position, the first cutting edge area of the first drill body is fully retracted into the second through hole and the abutment part is fully exposed in the second through hole.
[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes a limiting block and a baffle. The limiting block is connected to one end of the second drill body. A third through hole, coaxially arranged and axially connected to the second through hole, is opened in the middle of the limiting block. A first limiting groove and a second limiting groove are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the third through hole on the limiting block. The baffle is connected to the first drill body and is adapted to the first and second limiting grooves. A through groove extending along the axial direction of the third through hole is opened on the side wall of the third through hole. Both the first and second limiting grooves are connected to the through groove. The baffle can pass through the through groove and move between the first and second limiting grooves along the through groove.
[0013] Furthermore, when the first drill body adapts to pass through the third through hole of the limiting block, the baffle on the first drill body passes through the through groove and can move along the through groove. When the baffle moves to a position flush with the first limiting groove / second limiting groove, the first drill body is rotated forward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle adapts to engage in the first limiting groove / second limiting groove, and the first drill body stops at the first position / second position. When the baffle adapts to engage in the first limiting groove / second limiting groove, the first drill body is rotated backward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle returns to the through groove and can move along the through groove.
[0014] Furthermore, the first limiting groove, the second limiting groove, the baffle, and the through groove are all provided in two sets. The two sets of the first limiting groove, the two sets of the second limiting groove, the two sets of the baffle, and the two sets of through groove are arranged symmetrically along the central axis of the third through hole.
[0015] Furthermore, one end of the first drill body is connected to a gripping part, which is a hollow hemispherical cover, and the top of the limiting block has an arc-shaped surface that matches the lower surface of the hemispherical cover.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The bone drill kit provided by this utility model has a first cutting edge extending axially from the outer wall of one end of the first drill body, which has a fixed outer diameter, and a second cutting edge extending axially from the outer wall of one end of the second drill body, which has a gradually increasing outer diameter. The first drill body is driven by an adjustment component to move and stop in the second drill body at a preset position. When the first drill body stops at the first position, the first cutting edge area of the first drill body is exposed from the second through hole, expanding the initial hole on the bone into a larger hole in one go. When the first drill body stops at the second position, the first cutting edge area of the first drill body retracts into the second through hole, and the second cutting edge of the second drill body gradually expands the first hole on the bone into a second hole that meets the requirements of the endoscope, so that the endoscope can be inserted. Thus, only one puncture surgery is needed to remove the vertebral articular process at the lesion site of the patient, which can complete the surgical process that requires multiple punctures and grinding of the lesion articular process using bone drills of different diameters in existing surgeries. This is convenient and quick, improves surgical efficiency, and reduces surgical risks. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a grade 5 bone drill in the prior art.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drill body of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second drill body of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second drill bodies of this utility model enlarging holes respectively.
[0022] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first and second drill bodies of this utility model.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] like Figure 2-7 As shown, this utility model provides a bone drill kit, comprising: The system includes: a first drill body 1, a second drill body 2, and an adjusting assembly 3. The first drill body 1 has a first cutting edge 11 extending axially along its outer side wall. When the first drill body 1 rotates axially, the outer diameter of the first cutting edge 11 covering the machining area is X mm, where X is a natural number. The second drill body 2 has a second cutting edge 21 extending axially along its outer side wall. When the second drill body 2 rotates axially, the outer diameter of the second cutting edge 21 smoothly transitions from Y mm to Z mm, where Y and Z are both natural numbers, and Z > Y > X. Preferably, both the first cutting edge 11 and the second cutting edge 21 are thread drill bits. Preferably, the second cutting edge 21 can be a conical thread drill bit.
[0026] Specifically, the first drill body 1 is used to enlarge the initial hole 51 with a diameter of less than X mm that has been drilled on the bone into a first hole body 52 with a diameter of X mm in one go through the first cutting edge 11 on the first drill body 1; the second drill body 2 is used to enlarge the first hole body 52 on the bone into a second hole body 53 with a diameter of Z mm in a second step through the second cutting edge 21 on the second drill body 2. Preferably, the area where the first cutting edge 11 is located on the first drill body 1 extends outward to form an abutment part 12 that can enter the initial hole 51. Preferably, the abutment part 12 is arranged coaxially with the first drill body 1.
[0027] The first drill body 1 has a first through hole 13 axially penetrating the first drill body 1, and the first through hole 13 axially penetrates the abutment part 12. The first through hole 13 is a guide wire hole, through which the first drill body 1 can pass to the lesion of the spinal articular process of the patient. The second drill body 2 has a second through hole 22 axially penetrating the second drill body 2. The first drill body 1 and the second drill body 2 are used together, and the first drill body 1 can be adapted to pass through the second through hole 22 and be movably connected to the second drill body 2. When the first drill body 1 performs the first one-time reaming, part of the first drill body 1 is located in the second through hole 22, and the abutment part 12 extends out of the second through hole 22 and into the initial hole 51 to be reamed. When the second drill body 2 performs the second stepwise reaming, the area of the first cutting edge 11 of the first drill body 1 retracts into the second through hole 22, and the abutment part 12 is exposed in the second through hole 22 and extends into the first hole 52 to be reamed. Preferably, when the second drill body 2 is used alone, the second through hole can be used as a guide wire hole, and the second drill body 2 can directly pass through the guide wire to enter the lesion site of the spinal articular process of the patient.
[0028] Adjustment component 3 is connected to the first drill body 1 and the second drill body 2 respectively. When the first drill body 1 is adapted to pass through the second through hole 22 of the second drill body 2, adjustment component 3 can drive the first drill body 1 to move along the axis of the second drill body 2 within the second through hole 22 and stop at the first position or the second position respectively. When the first drill body 1 stops at the first position, part of the first drill body 1 is located in the second through hole 22 and the area of the first cutting edge 11 and the abutment part 12 are completely exposed in the second through hole 22. Under the guidance of the guide wire, the first drill body 1 is rotated to grind the intervertebral foramen, and the initial hole 51 on the bone is enlarged into the first hole body 52 in one go. When the first drill body 1 is stopped at the second position, the entire area of the first cutting edge 11 of the first drill body 1 is retracted into the second through hole 22 and the entire abutment part 12 is exposed in the second through hole 22. Under the guidance of the guide wire, the second drill body 2 is rotated to gradually enlarge the intervertebral foramen removed by the first drill body 1, and the first hole 52 on the bone is gradually enlarged into the second hole 53. Thus, only one puncture surgery is needed to remove the vertebral articular process at the lesion site of the patient, which can complete the surgical process that currently requires multiple punctures with bone drills of different diameters to remove the lesion articular process. This is convenient and quick, improves surgical efficiency, and reduces surgical risks.
[0029] The adjusting component 3 includes a limiting block 31 and a baffle 32. The limiting block 31 is connected to one end of the second drill body 2. A third through hole 33 is provided in the middle of the limiting block 31, which is coaxially arranged with and axially connected to the second through hole 22. A first limiting groove 34 and a second limiting groove 35 are provided on the limiting block 31 in sequence along the axial direction of the third through hole 33. The baffle 32 is connected to the first drill body 1. The baffle 32 is adapted to the first limiting groove 34 and the second limiting groove 35. A through groove 36 is provided on the side wall of the third through hole 33, which extends axially along the third through hole 33. The first limiting groove 34 and the second limiting groove 35 are both connected to the through groove 36. The baffle 32 can pass through the through groove 36 and move along the through groove 36 between the first limiting groove 34 and the second limiting groove 35. Preferably, the first limiting groove 34, the second limiting groove 35, the baffle 32, and the through groove 36 are all provided in two sets, and the two sets of the first limiting groove 34, the two sets of the second limiting groove 35, the two sets of the baffle 32, and the two sets of the through groove 36 are respectively arranged symmetrically along the central axis of the third through hole 33.
[0030] When the first drill body 1 adapts to pass through the third through hole 33 of the limiting block 31, the baffle 32 on the first drill body 1 passes through the through groove 36 and can move along the through groove 36. When the baffle 32 moves to a position flush with the first limiting groove 34 / second limiting groove 35, the first drill body 1 is rotated forward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle 32 is fitted into the first limiting groove 34 / second limiting groove 35, and the first drill body 1 stops at the first position / second position. When the baffle 32 is fitted into the first limiting groove 34 / second limiting groove 35, the first drill body 1 is rotated backward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle 32 returns to the through groove 36 and can move along the through groove 36. One end of the first drill body 1 is connected to a gripping part 4, which is a hollow hemispherical cover. The top of the limiting block 31 has an arc-shaped surface that matches the lower surface of the hemispherical cover.
[0031] In operation, the first step is to use the gripping part 4 to insert the first drill body 1 downwards from the third through hole 33 of the limiting block 31 into the second through hole 22 of the second drill body 2. At this time, the baffle 32 on the first drill body 1 slides along the through groove 36 on the limiting block 31. When the baffle 32 slides in the through groove 36 to a position flush with the first limiting groove 34 on the limiting block 31, the first drill body 1 moves to the first position in the second drill body 2. The first drill body 1 is partially located in the second through hole, and the area of the first cutting edge 11 and the abutment part 12 are fully exposed in the second through hole 22. Then, by rotating the gripping part 4, the first drill body 1 is rotated forward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle 32 is fitted and engaged. Within the first limiting groove 34, the first drill body 1 is fixed and positioned in the first position within the second drill body 2. At this time, a guide wire is passed through the first through hole 13 of the first drill body 1. Guided by the guide wire, the bone drill assembly is inserted into the lesion site of the spinal articular process, so that the abutment part 12 is inserted into the initial hole 51 to be enlarged. The gripping part 4 is rotated again to drive the first drill body 1 to rotate axially. The first cutting edge 11 at the front end of the first drill body 1 enlarges the initial hole 51, which has been drilled and shaped on the bone with a diameter smaller than X mm, into a first hole body 52 with a diameter of X mm in one operation. After the first drill body 1 has completed its work, the gripping part 4 is rotated to rotate the first drill body 1 in the opposite direction by an angle θ, so that the baffle 32 moves from the first... The first drill body 1 is rotated out of the limiting groove 34 and back into the through groove 36. Holding the grip 4 again, the first drill body 1 is moved into the second through hole 22 of the second drill body 2. The baffle 32 on the first drill body 1 slides again along the through groove 36 on the limiting block 31. When the baffle 32 slides in the through groove 36 to a position flush with the second limiting groove 35 on the limiting block 31, the first drill body 1 moves to the second position within the second drill body 2. The entire area of the first cutting edge 11 of the first drill body 1 retracts into the second through hole 22, and the abutment part 12 is fully exposed from the second through hole 22 and remains within the first hole 52 to be enlarged. By rotating the grip 4, the first drill body 1 is rotated forward by an angle θ in a preset direction, so that the baffle 32 is properly positioned... The card is inserted into the second limiting groove 35, fixing the first drill body 1 in the second position within the second drill body 2; at this time, the gripping part 4 is rotated again to drive the first drill body 1 to rotate axially, and the baffle 32 on the first drill body 1 drives the second drill body 2 to rotate axially. The second cutting edge 21 at the front end of the second drill body 2 gradually enlarges the first hole 52 on the bone into a second hole 53 with a diameter of Z mm, so that an endoscope can be inserted. Thus, only one surgical removal of the vertebral articular process at the lesion site of the patient is required, which can complete the surgical process that currently requires multiple punctures with bone drills of different diameters to remove the lesion articular process. This is convenient and quick, improves surgical efficiency, and reduces surgical risks.
[0032] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A bone drill kit, characterized in that, include: The first drill body (1) has a first cutting edge (11) extending along the axial direction of the first drill body (1) on the outer side wall of one end. When the first drill body (1) rotates axially, the outer diameter of the processing coverage of the first cutting edge (11) on the first drill body (1) is X mm, where X is a natural number. The second drill body (2) has a second cutting edge (21) extending along the axial direction of the second drill body (2) on one side outer wall. When the second drill body (2) rotates axially, the outer diameter of the processing coverage of the second cutting edge (21) on the second drill body (2) smoothly transitions from Y mm to Z mm, where Y and Z are natural numbers, and Z > Y > X.
2. The bone drill kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area where the first cutting edge (11) is located on the first drill body (1) extends outward to form an abutment (12) that can enter the initial hole (51). The abutment (12) is arranged coaxially with the first drill body (1).
3. The bone drill kit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first drill body (1) has a first through hole (13) that axially penetrates the first drill body (1), and the first through hole (13) axially penetrates the abutment part (12).
4. The bone drill kit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second drill body (2) has a second through hole (22) that axially penetrates the second drill body (2), and the first drill body (1) can be adapted to pass through the second through hole (22).
5. The bone drill kit according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first drill body (1) performs the first one-time hole enlargement, part of the first drill body (1) is located in the second through hole (22), and the abutment part (12) extends out from the second through hole (22) and into the initial hole (51) to be enlarged; when the second drill body (2) performs the second step enlargement, the area of the first cutting edge (11) of the first drill body (1) retracts into the second through hole (22), and the abutment part (12) is exposed from the second through hole (22) and extends into the first hole body (52) to be enlarged.
6. The bone drill kit according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment component (3). When the first drill body (1) is adapted to pass through the second through hole (22) of the second drill body (2), the adjustment component (3) can drive the first drill body (1) to move along the axis of the second drill body (2) in the second through hole (22) and stop at the first position or the second position respectively. When the first drill body (1) stops at the first position, the first drill body (1) is partially located in the second through hole (22) and the first cutting edge (11) area and the abutment part (12) are all exposed in the second through hole (22). When the first drill body (1) stops at the second position, the first cutting edge (11) area of the first drill body (1) is completely retracted into the second through hole (22) and the abutment part (12) is completely exposed in the second through hole (22).
7. The bone drill kit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment component (3) includes a limiting block (31), which is connected to one end of the second drill body (2). A third through hole (33) is provided in the middle of the limiting block (31) and is coaxially arranged with the second through hole (22) and axially connected. A first limiting groove (34) and a second limiting groove (35) are provided on the limiting block (31) along the axial direction of the third through hole (33).
8. The bone drill kit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (3) also includes a baffle (32), which is connected to the first drill body (1). The baffle (32) is adapted to the first limiting groove (34) and the second limiting groove (35). A through groove (36) extending axially along the third through hole (33) is provided on the side wall of the third through hole (33). The first limiting groove (34) and the second limiting groove (35) are both connected to the through groove (36). The baffle (32) can pass through the through groove (36) and move between the first limiting groove (34) and the second limiting groove (35) along the through groove (36).
9. The bone drill kit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first limiting groove (34), the second limiting groove (35), the baffle (32), and the through groove (36) are all provided in two sets. The two sets of the first limiting groove (34), the two sets of the second limiting groove (35), the two sets of the baffle (32), and the two sets of through groove (36) are arranged symmetrically along the central axis of the third through hole (33).
10. The bone drill kit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first drill body (1) is connected to a gripping part (4) at one end. The gripping part (4) is a hollow hemispherical cover. The top of the limiting block (31) has an arc-shaped surface that matches the lower surface of the hemispherical cover.