Industrial waste gas low carbon control device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an industrial waste gas low carbon control device belongs to industrial waste gas treatment technical field, the control device includes integrated processing jar, the top of integrated processing jar has and admits the air mouth, its inside sets up pretreatment cavity, absorption cavity and separation cavity from top to bottom in proper order, be provided with multilayer filter device in the pretreatment cavity, be provided with spray device and filler layer in the absorption cavity, the bottom of separation cavity is provided with heating separator, the upper portion of separation cavity is connected with vacuum pump, the gas outlet pipeline connection carbon dioxide collection jar of vacuum pump, the bottom connection of separation cavity in heating separator has and drains the mouth. The utility model discloses the industrial waste gas low carbon control device sets up and carries out integrated low carbon emission treatment to industrial tail gas through multilayer processing structure, reduces the equipment land occupation and pipeline leakage risk of industrial waste gas treatment device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment technology, specifically to a low-carbon control device for industrial waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] Current industrial production processes (such as chemical reactions and boiler combustion) have increasingly stringent requirements for desulfurization and denitrification. While the sulfur and nitrogen content in exhaust gases has reached extremely low levels, the treated waste gas still contains significant amounts of carbon dioxide. Although carbon dioxide poses a relatively low direct environmental hazard, direct emissions would exacerbate the greenhouse effect, failing to meet low-carbon and environmental protection requirements. Existing low-carbon control equipment suffers from the following problems: 1. The carbon dioxide capture efficiency is low. Often, due to insufficient contact between the waste gas and the absorbent, some carbon dioxide is discharged directly without being treated, resulting in poor treatment effect. 2. The equipment has a complex structure and often uses multiple independent units (such as pretreatment equipment, absorption equipment, separation equipment, etc.), which occupy a large area, consume a lot of energy, and have long connecting pipelines between units, which can easily cause exhaust gas leakage; some units lack an effective heat recovery system, resulting in energy waste.

[0003] 3. Most absorbents are for single use only and cannot be recycled, which not only increases operating costs but also generates secondary solid waste, which does not conform to the "resource utilization" and low-carbon concept. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in existing technologies, this utility model patent designs a low-carbon control device for industrial waste gas, which solves the problems of complex equipment and unsatisfactory treatment effects in existing carbon dioxide treatment technologies for waste gas.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: the control device includes an integrated processing tank, the top of which has an air inlet, and the interior of which, from top to bottom, is provided with a pretreatment chamber, an absorption chamber, and a separation chamber. The pretreatment chamber is provided with a multi-layer filtration device, the absorption chamber is provided with a spray device and a packing layer, the bottom of the separation chamber is provided with a heating separator, the upper part of the separation chamber is connected to a vacuum pump, the outlet pipe of the vacuum pump is connected to a carbon dioxide collection tank, and the bottom of the separation chamber is connected to a drain port.

[0006] Furthermore, the multi-layer filtration device includes a filter layer and a demister plate, the demister plate being disposed close to the lower side of the filter layer, and a multi-unit funnel being disposed at the bottom of the pretreatment chamber and communicating with the absorption chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the filler layer is a honeycomb filler layer located on the lower side of the spraying device. The spraying device includes several atomizing nozzles arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the absorption chamber or arranged in a cross pattern along the transverse and longitudinal directions within the tank. The atomizing nozzles are connected to the absorbent storage tank through a pressurized pump pipeline, and the drain port of the separation chamber is connected to the absorbent storage tank through a return pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, a condenser is installed on the connecting pipe between the vacuum pump outlet and the carbon dioxide collection tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a heat exchanger is installed on the return pipeline of the absorbent storage tank.

[0010] Furthermore, a check valve is installed on the return pipeline of the absorbent storage tank at the end near the absorbent storage tank.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the advancement of this utility model patent design in providing a low-carbon control device for industrial waste gas lies in: The device adopts an integrated structure of "pretreatment-absorption-separation" to complete the carbon dioxide recovery process in the same unit, reducing the equipment footprint and pipeline leakage risk, and improving overall operational stability. The pretreatment chamber is equipped with a filter screen to filter dust in the exhaust gas, and the demister plate can effectively remove water mist in the exhaust gas to prevent dilution of the absorbent after entering the absorption chamber. Several atomizing nozzles are set in the absorption chamber to atomize the absorbent solution and spray it onto the exhaust gas. The spray liquid falls into the honeycomb packing layer, which greatly increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the absorbent, and the carbon dioxide capture efficiency is increased to over 90%. The absorbent is recycled through a circulation pipeline, and the carbon dioxide separated in the separation chamber is recovered and reused through a carbon dioxide collection tank (such as for chemical synthesis and food preservation). This reduces operating costs, enables secondary utilization of resources, and further reduces carbon emissions. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a low-carbon control device for industrial waste gas.

[0013] In the diagram, 1 is the pretreatment chamber, 2 is the absorption chamber, 3 is the separation chamber, 4 is the vacuum pump, 5 is the absorbent storage tank, 6 is the carbon dioxide collection tank, 7 is the heat exchanger, 8 is the condenser, 11 is the air inlet, 12 is the filter layer, 13 is the demister plate, 14 is the multi-unit funnel, 21 is the atomizing nozzle, 22 is the packing layer, 23 is the pressurizing pump, 31 is the heating separator, 32 is the purifier exhaust port, and 51 is the check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. The described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this utility model patent designs one embodiment of an industrial waste gas low-carbon control device. In this embodiment, the waste gas low-carbon control device includes an integrated treatment tank. The top of the integrated treatment tank has an air inlet 11 for introducing the industrial waste gas to be treated. The interior of the integrated treatment tank is arranged from top to bottom as a pretreatment chamber 1, an absorption chamber 2, and a separation chamber 3.

[0016] The pretreatment chamber 1 is equipped with a multi-layer filtration device, including a filter layer 12, a demister plate 13, and a multi-unit funnel 14. The filter layer 12 is used to remove larger particles and dust with a diameter ≥10μm from the exhaust gas, protecting subsequent components from clogging and wear. The demister plate 13 is set close to the bottom of the filter layer 12 to remove water mist carried in the exhaust gas, avoiding excessive moisture from affecting the absorbent concentration and reaction efficiency. The multi-unit funnel 14 is located at the bottom of the pretreatment chamber 1 and has a multi-channel funnel-shaped structure that connects to the absorption chamber 2. It ensures that the exhaust gas flows into the absorption chamber 2 in a dispersed manner, improving the mixing efficiency of the exhaust gas with the absorbent after entering the absorption chamber 2.

[0017] The absorption chamber 2 is equipped with a spray device and a packing layer 22. The spray device includes several atomizing nozzles 21 arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the tank. The atomizing nozzles 21 are connected to the absorbent storage tank 5 through a pressurized pump 23. The absorbent storage tank 5 stores ethanolamine solution as the absorbent and serves as the system's solution buffer and preparation center. The pressurized absorbent is atomized by the atomizing nozzles 21 into a large number of fine droplets and sprayed into the absorption chamber 2, greatly increasing the contact area with the waste gas. The packing layer 22 uses honeycomb polypropylene packing, which further disperses and agitates the waste gas, allowing for full and efficient contact between the gas and liquid phases, ensuring that CO2 is captured by the absorbent to the maximum extent, while also purifying and washing other impurities contained in the waste gas.

[0018] A heating separator 31 is installed at the bottom of the separation chamber 3, and a vacuum pump 4 is connected to the upper part of the separation chamber 3 to maintain a vacuum environment inside the separation chamber. The air inlet of the vacuum pump 4 needs to be isolated to prevent the intake of falling absorbent solution, and a vacuum pump that can be used for the suction of gases with high water content should be selected. The outlet pipe of the vacuum pump 4 is connected to the carbon dioxide collection tank 7. A drain port is connected to the bottom of the heating separator 31 in the separation chamber 3, and the drain port is connected to the absorbent storage tank 5 through a return pipe. In this chamber, the absorbent "rich liquid" that has completed CO2 absorption desorbs CO2 under the conditions of vacuum and heating by the heating separator 31. The desorbed CO2 gas is extracted from the separation chamber 3 by the vacuum pump 4, condensed by the condenser 8, and then transported to the carbon dioxide collection tank 6. The absorbent "lean liquid" that has regained its absorption capacity in the heating separator 31 is returned to the absorbent storage tank 5 through the return pipe. A heat exchanger 7 is installed on the absorbent return pipe to cool the absorbent and a check valve 51 is installed to prevent the absorbent from flowing back. Figure 1 The connection positions of the inlet and outlet pipes of the absorbent storage tank 5 given are not actual locations and are only for illustration. In the gas produced by desorption, the high-concentration carbon dioxide (with a relatively high density) mainly accumulates at the top where the pressure is lowest due to the strong suction of the vacuum pump 4, and is drawn away by the vacuum pump 4 into the condenser 8. The low-concentration residual gases that are not absorbed (such as nitrogen, oxygen, etc., with a relatively low density) gradually form a "low-concentration carbon dioxide layer" in the upper part of the separation chamber because the carbon dioxide is preferentially drawn away. Its pressure is slightly higher than that at the inlet of the top vacuum pump 4, and it can flow along the pressure gradient to the purified gas exhaust port 32 on the side wall and be discharged.

[0019] When the industrial waste gas low-carbon control device disclosed in this utility model patent is applied, the waste gas enters the pretreatment chamber 1 through the waste gas inlet 11, and is pretreated by passing through the filter layer 12 (filtering dust with a particle size ≥10μm) and the demister plate 13 (removing water mist and avoiding dilution of absorbent). The pretreated waste gas enters the absorption chamber 2 through the multi-unit funnel 14. The pressurization pump 23 delivers the ethanolamine solution in the absorbent storage tank 6 to the atomizing nozzle 21. After being atomized by the nozzle, the solution comes into full contact with the waste gas in the honeycomb packing layer 22, absorbing the carbon dioxide in the waste gas. The rich liquid after absorbing carbon dioxide flows into the separation chamber 3 through the built-in channel. The vacuum pump 4 evacuates the separation chamber 3 (vacuum degree -0.08MPa), and the heating separator 31 heats the rich liquid to 80℃ (ethanolamine and carbon dioxide have low bond energy, and the temperature required for desorption is not high. Usually, the reverse reaction can occur effectively in the range of 70℃-120℃), so that the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is desorbed. The desorbed carbon dioxide enters the condenser 8 (condensation temperature 15℃) via vacuum pump 4, and is then stored in the carbon dioxide collection tank 6; the desorbed lean liquid (ethanolamine solution) flows out from the bottom drain port of separation chamber 3, is cooled to 40℃ by heat exchanger 7, and then flows back to absorbent storage tank 5 to achieve circulation.

[0020] The treated purified gas (carbon dioxide concentration ≤5%) is discharged from the purified gas exhaust port 32, completing the low-carbon control process.

[0021] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims and description of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon control device for industrial waste gas, characterized in that, The control device includes an integrated processing tank with an air inlet at the top. Inside the integrated processing tank, from top to bottom, there are a pretreatment chamber, an absorption chamber, and a separation chamber. The pretreatment chamber is equipped with a multi-layer filtration device. The absorption chamber is equipped with a spray device and a packing layer. The bottom of the separation chamber is equipped with a heating separator. The upper part of the separation chamber is connected to a vacuum pump. The outlet pipe of the vacuum pump is connected to a carbon dioxide collection tank. The bottom of the separation chamber is connected to a drain port at the heating separator.

2. The industrial waste gas low-carbon control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer filtration device includes a filter layer and a demister plate. The demister plate is disposed close to the lower side of the filter layer. The bottom of the pretreatment chamber is provided with a multi-unit funnel that communicates with the absorption chamber.

3. The industrial waste gas low-carbon control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filler layer is a honeycomb filler layer located on the lower side of the spraying device. The spraying device includes several atomizing nozzles arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the absorption chamber or arranged in a cross pattern along the transverse and longitudinal directions within the tank. The atomizing nozzles are connected to the absorbent storage tank through a pressurized pump pipeline. The drain port of the separation chamber is connected to the absorbent storage tank through a return pipeline.

4. The industrial waste gas low-carbon control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A condenser is installed on the connecting pipe between the vacuum pump outlet and the carbon dioxide collection tank.

5. The industrial waste gas low-carbon control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A heat exchanger is installed on the return pipeline of the absorbent storage tank.

6. The industrial waste gas low-carbon control device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A check valve is installed on the return pipeline of the absorbent storage tank at the end near the absorbent storage tank.

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