A mixing kettle for producing demulsifiers which is convenient for quick dismounting and cleaning

Abstract

The application discloses a mixing kettle convenient to disassemble and clean quickly for demulsifier production and belongs to the field of demulsifier production equipment. Mainly comprises: a liquid storage assembly, a mixing assembly, the mixing assembly is used for stirring the demulsifier in the liquid storage assembly, an up-down driving assembly, the up-down driving assembly at least comprises a unidirectional screw rod located at the upper portion of the mixing assembly and rotating through power driving, a unidirectional sliding block is arranged on the outer wall of the unidirectional screw rod, and long-toothed rollers rotating synchronously are arranged on the two sides of the unidirectional screw rod. The mixing kettle convenient to disassemble and clean quickly for demulsifier production can clean the inside of the kettle body quickly after use through the up-down driving assembly, the cleaning assembly and the water supply assembly, the unidirectional sliding block drives the cleaning brush to move up and down, meanwhile, the long-toothed rollers drive the cleaning brush to rotate, and the cleaning water provided by the water supply assembly can effectively clean the residual raw materials on the inner wall of the kettle body, thereby improving the quality of subsequent products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of demulsifier production equipment, specifically a mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly. Background Technology

[0002] Demulsifiers are chemical agents that can disrupt the stability of emulsions, causing the dispersed and continuous phases to separate. An emulsion is a dispersion system composed of two immiscible liquids (such as oil and water), in which one liquid is dispersed in the other as small droplets. In the production of demulsifiers, mixing tanks are often required. As a core piece of equipment, the mixing tank can accurately proportion and fully mix various raw materials.

[0003] For example, the patent application number CN219879886U specifically discloses a mixing vessel that is easy to clean, including a vessel body, a vessel cover, a stirring shaft, a stirring motor, a feed pipe, a support plate, an annular flexible steel wire brush, a lifting ring, and a threaded rod. Cleaning water is added into the vessel body through the feed pipe, and the lifting ring moves up and down along the threaded rod when the threaded rod is rotated, which drives the annular flexible steel wire brush to clean the inner wall of the vessel body, thereby improving the cleaning effect on the inner wall of the vessel body.

[0004] In the aforementioned patented mixing reactor, the annular flexible steel wire brush moves synchronously up and down along the threaded rod via a lifting ring, but it cannot rotate during this up-and-down movement. This results in a simplistic cleaning method for the reactor wall, leading to ineffective cleaning. When faced with stubborn raw material stains adhering to the reactor wall, the unidirectional brushing alone is insufficient to remove them due to adequate friction. Therefore, a mixing reactor for demulsifier production that allows for quick disassembly and cleaning is needed to address these issues.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of this application concept, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the problem to be solved by this application is to provide a mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly, thereby solving the problem that the cleaning method of the vessel wall in the above-mentioned patent is too simple and the cleaning effect is not good. When facing stubborn raw material stains adhering to the vessel wall, it is difficult to remove them with sufficient friction by only brushing in one direction up and down.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is: a mixing kettle for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly. It mainly includes: Liquid storage components; A mixing component for agitating the demulsifier inside the reservoir assembly; The up-down drive assembly includes at least one unidirectional lead screw located on the upper part of the mixing assembly and driven to rotate by power. The outer wall of the unidirectional lead screw is fitted with a unidirectional slider, and the two sides of the unidirectional lead screw are provided with synchronously rotating long toothed rollers. A cleaning assembly includes a connecting frame that moves up and down synchronously with a one-way slider, a long transmission rod, and a cleaning brush. The one-way slider drives the cleaning brush to move up and down inside the liquid storage assembly, and the long toothed roller drives the cleaning brush to rotate during the up and down movement via the long transmission rod. Water supply assembly, which is used to supply cleaning water.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, by setting up an up-and-down drive component, a cleaning component, and a water supply component, the inside of the mixing vessel can be quickly cleaned after use. The one-way slider drives the cleaning brush to move up and down, while the long toothed roller drives the cleaning brush to rotate. With the cleaning water provided by the water supply component, the residual raw materials on the inner wall of the vessel can be effectively cleaned, thereby improving the quality of subsequent products.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid storage assembly includes a storage vessel, the upper end of which is connected to a top cover via a flange, and the lower end of which is connected to a bottom cover via a flange.

[0010] Furthermore, a support leg is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom cover; With the above technical solution, the storage vessel is connected to the top cover and bottom cover by flanges respectively. This connection method makes it easy to disassemble when deep cleaning or maintenance of the internal components of the liquid storage vessel is required. For example, when material residue is difficult to clean during the production process, or when it is necessary to check whether there is damage inside the vessel, the operator only needs to unscrew the bolts on the flange to easily separate the top cover and bottom cover from the storage vessel, which facilitates the use of cleaning tools and improves the efficiency of cleaning and maintenance.

[0011] Furthermore, the mixing component includes a support, which is bolted to the middle of the upper surface of the top cover. The upper end of the support is bolted to a first servo motor, the output end of the first servo motor is connected to a rotating rod, and the lower end of the rotating rod extends into the interior of the storage tank and is connected to a stirring rod.

[0012] Using the above technical solution, the first servo motor is started, which drives the rotating rod and stirring rod to rotate, stirring and mixing the raw materials in the reactor, so that the demulsifier raw materials are fully and evenly mixed.

[0013] Furthermore, the up-and-down drive assembly includes an assembly frame, which is bolted to the upper end of the support. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the assembly frame, and an assembly plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod. A second servo motor is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly plate. The output end of the second servo motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of a one-way lead screw, and the lower end of the one-way lead screw is rotatably connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly frame. The one-way slider drives the cleaning assembly to move up and down on the inner wall of the storage tank. The upper part of the assembly frame and both sides of the assembly plate are rotatably connected to short transmission rods. The long toothed roller is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the short transmission rod. The upper part of the short transmission rod is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel. The outer wall of the transmission wheel is fitted with a toothed belt. During the rotation of the one-way screw, the short transmission rod drives the long toothed roller to rotate synchronously with the one-way screw through the cooperation of the transmission wheel and the toothed belt. Through the above technical solution, the second servo motor drives the unidirectional lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the unidirectional slider to move up and down, so that the cleaning brush can cover multiple areas of the inner wall of the storage tank, ensuring that the cleaning component can move up and down completely along the tank wall, and ensuring that the inner wall of the mixing tank is effectively cleaned.

[0014] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes a mounting ring connected to the lower end of the connecting frame. The upper ends of the two connecting frames are respectively fixedly connected to the front end and rear end of the one-way slider. The lower end of the connecting frame extends into the interior of the storage tank and drives the mounting ring to move up and down along the inner wall of the storage tank. A rotating ring seat is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the mounting ring. An internal toothed ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring seat. The cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring seat. The outer walls on both sides of the one-way slider are fixedly connected to a connecting frame. The connecting frame is sleeved on the outside of the long toothed roller and does not contact the long toothed roller during the up and down movement. The long transmission rod is rotatably connected to the end of the lower surface of the connecting frame away from the one-way lead screw. The outer wall of the upper end of the long transmission rod is fixedly connected to a driven gear. The driven gear meshes with the long toothed roller during the up and down movement. The lower end of the long transmission rod extends into the interior of the storage tank and is fixedly connected to a driving gear. The driving gear meshes with the internal gear ring. Through the above technical solution, the cleaning component is connected to the unidirectional slider via a connecting frame, realizing the up and down movement of the cleaning brush. It also realizes the rotation of the cleaning brush through a long transmission rod and a series of gear transmissions. This composite motion combining up and down movement and rotation can better clean the inner wall of the storage tank. Compared with cleaning devices that can only move in one direction, it can greatly improve the cleaning effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the water supply assembly includes a water supply pipe connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the storage tank. The water supply pipe has multiple water passages in its body, which are connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the storage tank. A water inlet is provided on one side of the water supply pipe. With the above technical solution, when the cleaning operation is started, the water flows into the water supply pipe from the water inlet head, and then flows into the tank through multiple water pipes. This avoids the situation where the cleaning water is concentrated in one place and causes some areas to be not cleaned sufficiently, ensuring that the entire tank can be moistened in time, creating good conditions for the cleaning brush to efficiently clean the tank wall.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly. By setting up an up-and-down drive component, a cleaning component, and a water supply component, the inside of the mixing vessel can be cleaned quickly after use. The one-way slider drives the cleaning brush to move up and down, while the long toothed roller drives the cleaning brush to rotate. With the cleaning water provided by the water supply component, the residual raw materials on the inner wall of the vessel can be effectively cleaned, thereby improving the quality of subsequent products. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a demulsifier production mixing vessel that is easy to disassemble and clean according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the hybrid component according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper and lower drive components and the cleaning component according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 According to the embodiments of this application Figure 4 A schematic diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mixing component, the upper and lower driving component, the cleaning component, and the water supply component according to embodiments of this application.

[0018] The following are the labeling elements in the figure: 1. Liquid storage assembly; 101. Storage vessel; 102. Top cover; 103. Bottom cover; 104. Support leg; 2. Mixing assembly; 201. Support; 202. First servo motor; 203. Rotating rod; 204. Stirring rod; 3. Upper and lower drive assembly; 301. Assembly frame; 302. Connecting rod; 303. Assembly plate; 304. Second servo motor; 305. One-way lead screw; 306. One-way slider; 307. 308. Short drive rod; 309. Drive wheel; 310. Toothed belt; 4. Long toothed roller; 401. Cleaning assembly; 402. Connecting frame; 403. Mounting ring; 404. Rotating ring seat; 405. Internal toothed ring; 406. Cleaning brush; 407. Connecting frame; 408. Long drive rod; 409. Driven gear; 5. Water supply assembly; 501. Water supply pipe; 502. Water inlet head; 503. Water pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] like Figures 1-6As shown, this application provides a mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly. It mainly includes: a storage component 1, a mixing component 2 for stirring the demulsifier inside the storage component 1, a vertical drive component 3 including at least one unidirectional lead screw 305 located above the mixing component 2 and driven to rotate by power, a unidirectional slider 306 sleeved on the outer wall of the unidirectional lead screw 305, and synchronously rotating long toothed rollers 310 arranged on both sides of the unidirectional lead screw 305, and a cleaning component 4 including a connecting frame 401 that moves up and down synchronously with the unidirectional slider 306, a long transmission rod 407, and a cleaning... The washing brush 405 is driven by a one-way slider 306 to move up and down inside the liquid storage component 1. The toothed roller 310 drives the washing brush 405 to rotate during the up and down movement via a long transmission rod 407. The water supply component 5 is used to supply cleaning water. By setting up the up and down drive component 3, the washing component 4, and the water supply component 5, the inside of the mixing vessel can be quickly cleaned after use. The one-way slider 306 drives the washing brush 405 to move up and down, while the toothed roller 310 drives the washing brush 405 to rotate. With the cleaning water provided by the water supply component 5, the residual raw materials on the inner wall of the vessel can be effectively cleaned, improving the quality of subsequent products.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid storage assembly 1 includes a storage vessel 101. The upper end of the storage vessel 101 is connected to a top cover 102 via a flange, and the lower end of the storage vessel 101 is connected to a bottom cover 103 via a flange. A support leg 104 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom cover 103. The storage vessel 101 is connected to the top cover 102 and the bottom cover 103 via flanges. This connection method makes it easy to disassemble when deep cleaning or maintenance of the inside of the liquid storage assembly 1 is required. For example, when material residue is difficult to clean during the production process, or when it is necessary to check whether there is damage inside the vessel, the operator only needs to unscrew the bolts on the flange to easily separate the top cover 102 and the bottom cover 103 from the storage vessel 101, which facilitates the use of cleaning tools and improves the efficiency of cleaning and maintenance.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the mixing component 2 includes a support 201, which is bolted to the middle of the upper surface of the top cover 102. The upper end of the support 201 is bolted to a first servo motor 202. The output end of the first servo motor 202 is connected to a rotating rod 203. The lower end of the rotating rod 203 extends into the interior of the storage tank 101 and is connected to a stirring rod 204. When the first servo motor 202 is started, it drives the rotating rod 203 and the stirring rod 204 to rotate, stirring and mixing the raw materials in the tank, so that the demulsifier raw materials are fully and evenly mixed.

[0024] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the up-and-down drive assembly 3 includes an assembly frame 301, which is bolted to the upper end of the support 201. A connecting rod 302 is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the assembly frame 301. An assembly plate 303 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod 302. A second servo motor 304 is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly plate 303. The output end of the second servo motor 304 is fixedly connected to the upper end of a one-way lead screw 305. The lower end of the one-way lead screw 305 is rotatably connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly frame 301. A one-way slider 306 drives the cleaning assembly 4 to move up and down on the inner wall of the storage tank 101. Short transmission rods 307 are rotatably connected to the upper part of the assembly frame 301 and the two sides of the assembly plate 303, respectively. A long toothed roller 310 is fixedly connected to the short transmission rods 307. On the outer wall of container 7, the upper part of the short transmission rod 307 is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel 308. A toothed belt 309 is sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission wheel 308. During the rotation of the one-way screw 305, the short transmission rod 307 drives the long toothed roller 310 to rotate synchronously with the one-way screw 305 through the cooperation of the transmission wheel 308 and the toothed belt 309. The second servo motor 304 drives the one-way screw 305 to rotate, thereby driving the one-way slider 306 to move up and down, so that the cleaning brush 405 can cover multiple areas of the inner wall of the storage container 101, ensuring that the cleaning assembly 4 can move up and down completely along the container wall, ensuring that the inner wall of the mixing container is effectively cleaned. The cleaning assembly 4 includes a mounting ring 402 connected to the lower end of the connecting frame 401. The upper ends of the two connecting frames 401 are respectively connected to the one-way slider 306. The front and rear ends are fixedly connected. The lower end of the connecting frame 401 extends into the interior of the storage tank 101 and drives the mounting ring 402 to move up and down along the inner wall of the storage tank 101. The upper surface of the mounting ring 402 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring seat 403. The inner wall of the rotating ring seat 403 is fixedly connected to the internal toothed ring 404. The cleaning brush 405 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring seat 403. The outer walls on both sides of the one-way slider 306 are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 406. The connecting frame 406 is sleeved on the outside of the long toothed roller 310 and does not contact the long toothed roller 310 during the up and down movement. The long transmission rod 407 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the connecting frame 406 away from the one-way screw 305. The outer wall of the upper end of the long transmission rod 407 is fixedly connected to the driven gear 408. During its up-and-down movement, gear 408 meshes with long toothed roller 310. The lower end of long transmission rod 407 extends into the interior of storage tank 101 and is fixedly connected to drive gear 409. Drive gear 409 meshes with internal gear ring 404. Cleaning assembly 4 is connected to one-way slider 306 via connecting frame 401, enabling the cleaning brush 405 to move up and down. The long transmission rod 407 and a series of gears also drive the rotation of the cleaning brush 405. This combined up-and-down movement and rotation provides better cleaning of the inner wall of storage tank 101. Compared to cleaning devices that can only move in one direction, this significantly improves the cleaning effect. Water supply assembly 5 includes water supply pipe 501, which is connected to the upper end of the outer wall of storage tank 101.The water supply pipe 501 has multiple water passage pipes 503 connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the storage tank 101. A water inlet 502 is located on one side of the water supply pipe 501. When the cleaning operation starts, water flows into the water supply pipe 501 through the water inlet 502 and then disperses into the tank through the multiple water passage pipes 503. This prevents the cleaning water from concentrating in one place, thus avoiding insufficient cleaning of certain areas and ensuring that the entire tank interior is promptly moistened. This creates favorable conditions for the cleaning brush 405 to efficiently clean the tank wall.

[0025] Working Principle: When using this mixing vessel, the operator must first, according to the precise proportioning scheme, slowly add the various components of the demulsifier into the storage vessel 101 sequentially through multiple different feed ports. Then, the first servo motor 202 is started, driving the rotating rod 203 and stirring rod 204 to rotate, stirring and mixing the raw materials in the vessel to ensure thorough and uniform mixing of the demulsifier. After mixing is complete, the mixed demulsifier is discharged from the mixing vessel through the discharge valve. When cleaning the mixing vessel is required, the water inlet 502 is connected to a water source, and the second servo motor 304 is started simultaneously, driving the one-way lead screw 305 to rotate. The one-way slider 306 on the one-way screw 305 drives the connecting frame 401 and the cleaning brush 405 to move up and down along the inner wall of the storage tank 101. At the same time, the one-way screw 305 drives the short transmission rod 307 to rotate synchronously through the transmission wheel 308 and the toothed belt 309. The short transmission rod 307 drives the long toothed roller 310 to rotate. The long toothed roller 310 meshes with the driven gear 408, driving the long transmission rod 407 to rotate during the downward movement. The driving gear 409 at the lower end of the long transmission rod 407 meshes with the internal toothed ring 404, causing the cleaning brush 405 to rotate during the up and down movement. Together with the cleaning water, it cleans the inner wall of the storage tank 101, achieving the purpose of cleaning residual raw materials.

[0026] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean quickly, characterized in that: include: Liquid storage component (1); A mixing component (2) is used to agitate the demulsifier inside the reservoir component (1); The upper and lower drive assembly (3) includes at least one unidirectional lead screw (305) located on the upper part of the mixing assembly (2) and rotated by power. The outer wall of the unidirectional lead screw (305) is fitted with a unidirectional slider (306), and the two sides of the unidirectional lead screw (305) are provided with synchronously rotating long toothed rollers (310). The cleaning assembly (4) includes a connecting frame (401) that moves up and down synchronously with the one-way slider (306), a long transmission rod (407), and a cleaning brush (405). The one-way slider (306) drives the cleaning brush (405) to move up and down inside the liquid storage assembly (1). The long toothed roller (310) drives the cleaning brush (405) to rotate during the up and down movement through the long transmission rod (407). Water supply component (5) is used to supply cleaning water.

2. The mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage assembly (1) includes a storage vessel (101), the upper end of which is connected to a top cover (102) via a flange, and the lower end of which is connected to a bottom cover (103) via a flange.

3. The mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom cover (103) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the support leg (104).

4. A mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing component (2) includes a support (201), which is bolted to the middle of the upper surface of the top cover (102). The upper end of the support (201) is bolted to a first servo motor (202), and the output end of the first servo motor (202) is connected to a rotating rod (203). The lower end of the rotating rod (203) extends into the interior of the storage tank (101) and is connected to a stirring rod (204).

5. A mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 4, characterized in that: The up-down drive assembly (3) includes an assembly frame (301), which is bolted to the upper end of the support (201). A connecting rod (302) is fixedly connected to the edge of the upper surface of the assembly frame (301). An assembly plate (303) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (302). A second servo motor (304) is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly plate (303). The output end of the second servo motor (304) is fixedly connected to the upper end of a one-way screw (305). The lower end of the one-way screw (305) is rotatably connected to the middle of the upper surface of the assembly frame (301). The one-way slider (306) drives the cleaning assembly (4) to move up and down on the inner wall of the storage tank (101). Short transmission rods (307) are rotatably connected to the upper part of the assembly frame (301) and both sides of the assembly plate (303). The long toothed roller (310) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the short transmission rod (307). The upper part of the short transmission rod (307) is fixedly connected to the transmission wheel (308). The outer wall of the transmission wheel (308) is fitted with a toothed belt (309). During the rotation of the one-way screw (305), the short transmission rod (307) drives the long toothed roller (310) and the one-way screw (305) to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of the transmission wheel (308) and the toothed belt (309).

6. A mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (4) includes a mounting ring (402) connected to the lower end of the connecting frame (401). The upper ends of the two connecting frames (401) are fixedly connected to the front end and rear end of the one-way slider (306), respectively. The lower end of the connecting frame (401) extends into the interior of the storage tank (101) and drives the mounting ring (402) to move up and down along the inner wall of the storage tank (101). A rotating ring seat (403) is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the mounting ring (402). An internal toothed ring (404) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring seat (403). The cleaning brush (405) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring seat (403). The outer walls on both sides of the one-way slider (306) are fixedly connected to a connecting frame (406). The connecting frame (406) is sleeved on the outside of the long toothed roller (310) and does not contact the long toothed roller (310) during the up and down movement. The long transmission rod (407) is rotatably connected to the end of the lower surface of the connecting frame (406) away from the one-way lead screw (305). The outer wall of the upper end of the long transmission rod (407) is fixedly connected to a driven gear (408). The driven gear (408) meshes with the long toothed roller (310) during the up and down movement. The lower end of the long transmission rod (407) extends into the interior of the storage tank (101) and is fixedly connected to a driving gear (409). The driving gear (409) meshes with the internal gear ring (404).

7. A mixing vessel for demulsifier production that is easy to disassemble and clean according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water supply assembly (5) includes a water supply pipe (501), which is connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the storage tank (101). The water supply pipe (501) has multiple water pipes (503) on its body, which are connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the storage tank (101). A water inlet head (502) is provided on one side of the water supply pipe (501).

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