A spiral guide type hydrocyclone for separating nanobiomaterial particles

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of separation equipment, concretely relates to a spiral flow guide type hydrocyclone for nanometer biological material particle separation, which comprises a cyclone chamber, a feed inlet and an overflow pipe are communicated on the cyclone chamber, and a detachable spiral flow guide insert is arranged in the cyclone chamber; the spiral flow guide insert has a plurality of spiral flow guide inserts with corresponding spiral parameters, which are selected according to the slurry viscosity during use; the overflow pipe is connected to the top of the cyclone chamber through an external adjusting mechanism, and the external adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the depth of the overflow pipe inserted into the cyclone chamber from the outside of the cyclone chamber. The utility model can dynamically match the flow field strength of different viscosity working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of separation equipment technology, specifically to a spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles. Background Technology

[0002] In the industrial production of nanobiomaterial ceramic powder, the slurry after sand removal treatment needs to be precisely classified into coarse and fine components by a hydrocyclone, and the fine component is selected to enter the subsequent process.

[0003] A patent application with application number CN202021992767.4 proposes an adjustable double-helix inlet hydrocyclone, which changes tangential feeding to helical guidance through a helical guide groove, significantly reducing fluid disturbance and energy consumption. Simultaneously, the overflow hole and guide are connected by a thread, allowing adjustment of the insertion depth to change the overflow particle size. However, high-solids-content nano-slurries exhibit significant viscosity fluctuations (1-10 Pa·s), and the particles are easily damaged by shear forces. While the helical guide groove in the aforementioned patent optimizes flow field stability, its helical parameters are fixed, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the flow field intensity according to the slurry viscosity. For example, when the viscosity increases from 1 Pa·s to 5 Pa·s, the centrifugal force generated by the fixed helical groove decreases by 30%, causing the cutting point to drift from 500 nm to 800 nm. To avoid particle breakage, the shear force needs to be reduced, but the fixed structure cannot weaken the swirling intensity, resulting in a decrease in the recovery rate of fine particles.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydrocyclone that can dynamically match the flow field intensity under different viscosity conditions to solve the efficiency bottleneck in the large-scale production of high-end nano-ceramic powder. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles, so as to solve the problem that the existing guide structure with fixed parameters cannot adapt to the fluctuation of classification accuracy caused by viscosity changes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles includes a cyclone chamber with an inlet and an overflow pipe connected to it. The cyclone chamber is equipped with multiple detachable spiral guide inserts, and the appropriate spiral guide insert with the correct spiral parameters is selected based on the slurry viscosity. The overflow pipe is connected to the top of the cyclone chamber via an external adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the depth of the overflow pipe inserted into the cyclone chamber from outside.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the vortex chamber includes a cylindrical body and a cover on the cylindrical body, the feed port is tangentially connected to the top of the cylindrical body; the overflow pipe extends through the cover into the cylindrical body; the top edge of the spiral guide plug is detachably connected between the cylindrical body and the cover by bolts.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the spiral guide plug includes a disc, a circular tube, and spiral blades. The circular tube is connected below the disc; the spiral blades are sleeved on the circular tube, with the top of the spiral blades close to the feed inlet; and the overflow pipe passes through the circular tube.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the external adjustment mechanism includes a worm gear, a worm, and a limiting structure; the inner side of the worm gear is threaded onto the overflow pipe, and the outer side of the worm gear is connected to the worm; the limiting structure is connected to the worm gear and the overflow pipe respectively, and is used to limit the axial movement of the worm gear and the rotation of the overflow pipe.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the limiting structure includes a bearing seat, a limiting groove, and a limiting strip; the bearing seat is fixedly installed on the outer top wall of the vortex chamber, and the worm gear is installed inside the bearing seat; the limiting groove is opened axially along the overflow pipe inside the spiral guide insert; the limiting strip is slidably arranged along the limiting groove and fixedly connected to the overflow pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model will have the following beneficial effects:

[0013] Compared to existing spiral guide channels where fixed spiral parameters lead to an inability to adapt the flow field intensity to viscosity changes, resulting in cutting point drift, this solution actively reconstructs the internal flow field by replacing spiral guide inserts with different spiral parameters. When the slurry viscosity increases, a large-pitch insert is used to reduce the swirling intensity, preventing a decrease in separation efficiency due to insufficient shear force in high-viscosity fluids. When the viscosity decreases, a small-pitch insert is switched to enhance centrifugal force, ensuring thorough separation of fine particles. Thus, a dynamic match is formed between the flow field intensity and the slurry properties, eliminating classification accuracy deviations caused by viscosity fluctuations.

[0014] Furthermore, this solution directly controls the axial displacement of the overflow pipe through an external adjustment mechanism, allowing operators to continuously adjust the insertion depth during equipment operation. For example, when the slurry concentration changes abruptly, the overflow pipe insertion depth is immediately shortened to increase the underflow discharge and prevent blockage; conversely, the insertion depth is increased to improve the fine particle recovery rate. This real-time adjustment capability ensures the immediate optimization of separation parameters and maintains the stability of the production process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles as described in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view of the top of the spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanobiomaterial particles as described in the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view of the top of the spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanobiomaterial particles as described in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Top view of the spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanobiomaterial particles as described in the embodiment.

[0020] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows:

[0021] 1. Swirl chamber; 11. Cylinder body; 12. Cylinder cover; 2. Spiral guide insert; 21. Disc; 22. Circular tube; 23. Spiral blade; 3. External adjustment mechanism; 31. Worm gear; 32. Worm; 33. Bearing seat; 34. Limiting strip; 35. Limiting groove; 4. Bolt; 5. Feed inlet; 6. Overflow pipe; 7. Underflow port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1-4In one embodiment of the spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles provided by this utility model, the spiral-guided hydrocyclone includes a cyclone chamber 1, which is connected to an inlet 5, an overflow pipe 6, and a bottom outlet 7. The mixed slurry enters the hydrocyclone tangentially along the inlet 5 at a certain pressure, generating a high-speed rotating flow field within the cylindrical section of the cyclone chamber 1. Under the action of the cyclone field, the denser components in the mixed slurry move axially downwards and radially outwards, reaching the conical section and moving downwards along the wall of the device before being discharged through the bottom outlet 7, thus forming an outer vortex flow field. The less dense components move towards the central axis, forming an upward-moving inner vortex at the center of the axis, and are then discharged through the overflow outlet, thus achieving the purpose of two-phase separation. The above is a conventional structural design.

[0024] The key feature is that the cyclone chamber 1 includes a cylinder 11 and a cylinder cover 12 covering the cylinder 11, and the feed inlet 5 is tangentially connected to the cylindrical section at the top of the cylinder 11; the overflow pipe 6 extends through the cylinder cover 12 and into the cylinder 11; and the cyclone chamber 1 is equipped with a detachable spiral guide insert 2.

[0025] Specifically, the spiral guide insert 2 includes a disc 21, a circular tube 22, and spiral blades 23. The circular tube 22 is connected below the disc 21; the spiral blades 23 are sleeved on the circular tube 22, with the top of the spiral blades 23 close to the feed inlet 5; and an overflow pipe 6 passes through the circular tube 22. The edge of the disc 21 is detachably connected between the cylinder 11 and the cylinder cover 12 by bolts 4 and sealed by a sealing ring. Multiple spiral guide inserts 2 are available, such as the first spiral guide insert 2 with a spiral blade 23 having a spiral angle of 15° and a pitch of 30mm; the second spiral guide insert 2 with a spiral blade 23 having a spiral angle of 30° and a pitch of 60mm; and the third spiral guide insert 2 with a spiral blade 23 having a spiral angle of 45° and a pitch of 90mm. The appropriate spiral guide insert 2 with the corresponding spiral parameters is selected according to the viscosity of the slurry during use.

[0026] The overflow pipe 6 is connected to the top of the vortex chamber 1 through an external adjustment mechanism 3. The external adjustment mechanism 3 is used to adjust the depth of the overflow pipe 6 inserted into the vortex chamber 1 from the outside of the vortex chamber 1.

[0027] Specifically, the external adjustment mechanism 3 includes a worm gear 31, a worm 32, and a limiting structure. The inner side of the worm gear 31 is threaded onto the overflow pipe 6, and the outer side of the worm gear 31 is connected to one end of the worm 32. The other end of the worm 32 is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor via a coupling, and the drive motor is mounted on the cylinder cover 12. The limiting structure connects the worm gear 31 and the overflow pipe 6 respectively, and is used to limit the axial movement of the worm gear 31 and the rotation of the overflow pipe 6. Thus, when the drive motor drives the worm 32 to rotate, causing the worm gear 31 to rotate, since the axial movement of the worm gear 31 is restricted and the rotation of the overflow pipe 6 is restricted, the rotation of the worm gear 31 can drive the overflow pipe 6 to move up and down through the thread action, thereby realizing the adjustment of the depth of the overflow pipe 6 inserted into the vortex chamber 1 from the outside of the vortex chamber 1. In addition, the large reduction ratio of the worm gear 31 and worm 32 transmission can achieve fine adjustment, and after adjustment, its reliable self-locking property eliminates the need for an additional locking device.

[0028] More specifically, the limiting structure includes a bearing housing 33, a limiting groove 35, and a limiting strip 34. The bearing housing 33 is fixedly installed on the cylinder cover 12, and the worm gear 31 is installed inside the bearing housing 33. The limiting groove 35 is axially formed on the inner wall of the circular tube 22 along the overflow pipe 6. The limiting strip 34 is slidably set along the limiting groove 35 and fixedly connected to the overflow pipe 6. The bearing housing 33 can limit the axial movement of the worm gear 31 without affecting its rotation, and the limiting groove 35 can limit the horizontal rotation of the limiting strip 34 without affecting its vertical movement. In this way, when the worm gear 31 rotates, it can drive the overflow pipe 6 to move up and down through the thread action.

[0029] Furthermore, a scale with a minimum graduation of 1 mm can be fixed to the side wall of the cylinder cover 12, and a sliding pointer (rigidly connected to the overflow pipe 6) can be installed on the exposed section of the overflow pipe 6. When inserted, the overflow pipe 6 drives the pointer to move, and the insertion depth is where the pointer aligns with the scale (not shown in the figure).

[0030] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:

[0031] When processing nano-biomaterial ceramic powder slurry (solid content 40%, viscosity 5 Pa·s), select the second spiral guide insert 2 (spiral angle 30°, pitch 60 mm) according to the slurry viscosity. Place the insert into the inner cavity of the vortex chamber 1 along the axis of the cylinder 11, then install the sealing ring, cover the cylinder with the cover 12 and tighten the bolts 4 to fix it. Then control the drive motor to drive the worm 32 to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel 31 to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel 31 drives the overflow pipe 6 to move up and down through the thread action until the insertion depth of the overflow pipe 6 (the length extending out of the round pipe 22) is 80 mm. After adjustment, the slurry enters the cylinder 11 through the feed port 5 and forms a vortex field under the guiding action of the spiral blades 23. Coarse particles (>180 μm) sink down along the cylinder wall of the cylinder 11 to the bottom outlet 7, while fine particles (<180 μm) are discharged through the overflow pipe 6.

[0032] When the slurry viscosity rises to 8 Pa·s, stop the machine and remove the cylinder cover 12. Replace the second spiral guide plug 2 with the third spiral guide plug 2 (spiral angle 45°, pitch 90 mm). At the same time, adjust the insertion depth of the overflow pipe 6 from 80 mm to 50 mm to compensate for the downward shift of the flow field and balance the underflow discharge. Finally, restart the equipment.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles, comprising a cyclone chamber (1), wherein an inlet (5) and an overflow pipe (6) are connected to the cyclone chamber (1), characterized in that: The vortex chamber (1) is equipped with a detachable spiral guide plug (2). There are multiple spiral guide plugs (2). When in use, the spiral guide plug (2) with the corresponding spiral parameters is selected according to the viscosity of the slurry. The overflow pipe (6) is connected to the top of the vortex chamber (1) via an external adjustment mechanism (3), which is used to adjust the depth of the overflow pipe (6) inserted into the vortex chamber (1) from outside the vortex chamber (1).

2. The spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex chamber (1) includes a cylinder (11) and a cover (12) on the cylinder (11). The feed inlet (5) is tangentially connected to the top of the cylinder (11). The overflow pipe (6) extends through the cover (12) into the cylinder (11). The top edge of the spiral guide plug (2) is detachably connected between the cylinder (11) and the cover (12) by bolts (4).

3. The spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral guide plug (2) includes a disc (21), a circular tube (22) and a spiral blade (23). The circular tube (22) is connected below the disc (21). The spiral blade (23) is sleeved on the circular tube (22), and the top of the spiral blade (23) is close to the feed port (5). The overflow pipe (6) is inserted inside the circular tube (22).

4. The spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external adjustment mechanism (3) includes a worm wheel (31), a worm (32) and a limiting structure; the inner side of the worm wheel (31) is threaded onto the overflow pipe (6), and the outer side of the worm wheel (31) is connected to the worm (32) for transmission; the limiting structure is connected to the worm wheel (31) and the overflow pipe (6) respectively, and is used to limit the axial movement of the worm wheel (31) and the rotation of the overflow pipe (6).

5. The spiral-guided hydrocyclone for separating nanomaterial particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes a bearing seat (33), a limiting groove (35), and a limiting strip (34); the bearing seat (33) is fixedly installed on the outer top wall of the vortex chamber (1), and the worm gear (31) is installed inside the bearing seat (33); the limiting groove (35) is opened axially along the overflow pipe (6) inside the spiral guide insert (2); the limiting strip (34) is slidably set along the limiting groove (35) and fixedly connected to the overflow pipe (6).

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