A dynamically centered oscillating structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of dynamic centering swing head structure, belong to lathe processing equipment technical field, including saddle and swing head, it is characterized in that, the side of the saddle is equipped with ram, motor and screw rod, the outer wall of the screw rod is equipped with fixed ring, protective cylinder and extension spring;The utility model has beneficial effect: through motor drive screw rod drives swing head to move along slide rail linearly, the detection and deviation calculation of tool length are combined control system, swing head position can be adjusted in real time, greatly reduce the influence of tool tip position deviation on machining accuracy, improve the machining quality of complex parts, and through air bag material's protective cylinder can be full wrapped screw rod, isolate metal scrap, cutting fluid and other impurities;Fixed ring is matched with circumferential array oil-absorbing cotton wiping stick, with swing head movement synchronous for screw rod replenishes lubricating grease, clean small impurities, reduce screw rod abrasion and transmission jam, prolong the life of core component, reduce maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool processing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a dynamically centered tilting head structure. Background Technology

[0002] With industrial development, high-speed cutting technology and five-axis machining technology have been widely developed and applied. Five-axis linkage CNC machine tools, in a sense, reflect a country's level of industrial development, especially in the processing of some important parts, where they have irreplaceable advantages.

[0003] In five-axis swivel head machine tool machining, the distance between the tool mounted on the spindle and the center of gravity of the swivel head has a significant impact on machining accuracy. Different machining requirements necessitate the use of tools of varying lengths, but existing swivel head structures are not conducive to adjusting their position to accommodate changes in tool length. This results in a change in the distance between the tool tip and the center of gravity of the swivel head after tool replacement. The greater this distance, the more pronounced the deviation between the actual machining position and the theoretical position of the tool tip becomes after adding the motion errors of other linear and rotary axes. Ultimately, this leads to a decrease in the dimensional and shape accuracy of the machined parts, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision machining. Therefore, inventing a dynamically centered swivel head structure to improve these problems has become a pressing issue for those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a dynamically centered oscillating head structure, which aims to improve the problem that the existing oscillating head structure is not convenient to adjust its own position according to the change of tool length, which leads to the change of distance between the tool tip and the center of gravity of the oscillating head after tool replacement, ultimately causing the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the machined parts to decrease, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: This utility model provides a dynamically centered swing head structure, including a saddle and a swing head. One side of the saddle is provided with a slide, a motor and a lead screw. The outer wall of the lead screw is provided with a fixing ring, a protective cylinder and a telescopic spring.

[0006] Preferably, one side of the slide is rotatably connected to the saddle, the end of the slide away from the saddle is fixedly connected to a slide rail, and a bearing seat is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slide.

[0007] Preferably, the side wall of the slide is fixedly connected to the motor, one end of the motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw, and the end of the lead screw away from the motor is rotatably connected to the bearing seat.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the swing head, the limiting groove is slidably connected to the slide rail, and a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing head, the mounting seat being threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the bearing seat, and the other end of the protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the retaining ring.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the fixing ring away from the protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting base, and the fixing ring has a cavity inside, with a plurality of wiping rods arranged in a circumferential array fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic spring is located inside the protective cylinder, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the protective cylinder, respectively.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This dynamically centered oscillating head structure, through multi-component collaborative design, specifically addresses the core problem of traditional five-axis machine tool oscillating heads: tool tip deviation from the center of rotation and decreased machining accuracy due to tool length changes. It also prioritizes protection and maintainability, achieving multiple core benefits. Driven by a motor-driven lead screw, the oscillating head moves linearly along a slide rail. Combined with the control system's detection of tool length and deviation calculation, the oscillating head position can be adjusted in real time, significantly reducing the impact of tool tip position deviation on machining accuracy. It avoids the superposition of machining errors from linear and rotary axis movements, improving the machining quality of complex parts. An air-filled protective sleeve completely encloses the lead screw, isolating it from metal chips, cutting fluid, and other impurities. An internal telescopic spring maintains the protective sleeve's stable shape, adapting to oscillating head movement and providing continuous protection. Simultaneously, a fixed ring paired with a circumferential array of oil-absorbing cotton wiping rods replenishes grease to the lead screw and cleans minor impurities synchronously with the oscillating head movement, reducing lead screw wear and transmission jamming, extending the lifespan of core components, and lowering maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dynamically centered head-swinging structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a dynamically centered swing head structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamically centered head-swinging structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a protective cylinder structure with a dynamically centered swing head structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model provides a dynamic centering tilting head structure. Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Saddle; 2. Ram; 3. Motor; 4. Swing head; 5. Slide rail; 6. Protective cylinder; 7. Bearing housing; 8. Lead screw; 9. Fixing ring; 10. Limiting slide groove; 11. Mounting base; 12. Telescopic spring; 13. Wiping rod; 14. Cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0017] Example, refer to Figures 1-5 A dynamic centering swing head structure includes a saddle 1 and a swing head 4. A slide 2, a motor 3 and a lead screw 8 are provided on one side of the saddle 1. A fixing ring 9, a protective cylinder 6 and a telescopic spring 12 are provided on the outer wall of the lead screw 8.

[0018] Furthermore; one side of the slide ram 2 is rotatably connected to the saddle 1, the end of the slide ram 2 away from the saddle 1 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 5, and the side wall of the slide ram 2 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7; the side wall of the slide ram 2 is fixedly connected to the motor 3, one end of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 8, and the end of the lead screw 8 away from the motor 3 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 7; a limiting slide groove 10 is provided on one side of the swing head 4, the limiting slide groove 10 is slidably connected to the slide rail 5, and the side wall of the swing head 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 11, which is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw 8.

[0019] It should be noted that: the slide ram 2, as the core intermediate component connecting the saddle 1 and the swivel head 4, firstly provides rotational freedom for the overall structure through its rotatable connection with the saddle 1. The slide ram 2 can rotate around the connection point with the saddle 1, thereby driving the swivel head 4 to adjust the machining angle, adapting to the multi-directional machining needs of the five-axis machine tool; at the same time, the end of the slide ram 2 away from the saddle 1 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 5, and the side wall is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7. The slide rail 5 provides a guiding reference for the linear movement of the swivel head 4, while the bearing seat 7 provides stable rotational support for the lead screw 8, ensuring the stability of subsequent power transmission and position adjustment.

[0020] The motor 3 is fixed to the side wall of the slide block 2, and its output end is directly fixedly connected to the lead screw 8. The end of the lead screw 8 away from the motor 3 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 7, ensuring that the motor 3 can drive the lead screw 8 to rotate stably when it starts. The bearing seat 7 can reduce the frictional resistance of the lead screw 8 when it rotates, and avoid the rotational deviation of the lead screw 8 due to one end being suspended. When the motor 3 receives the control system command (generated according to the tool length detection data), the motor 3 outputs torque to drive the lead screw 8 to rotate forward or backward. Since the mounting seat 11 on the side wall of the swing head 4 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw 8, the rotational motion of the lead screw 8 is converted into the linear motion of the mounting seat 11 through the thread engagement, thereby driving the swing head 4 to move in the preset direction, realizing the position adjustment of the swing head 4 in the vertical direction (or the extension direction of the slide rail 5).

[0021] The limiting groove 10 on one side of the swing head 4 is slidably connected to the slide rail 5 on the slide block 2. This mating structure plays a "dual guiding and limiting" role: on the one hand, the precise fit (very small gap) between the slide rail 5 and the limiting groove 10 restricts the movement trajectory of the swing head 4, ensuring that the swing head 4 can only move in a straight line along the extension direction of the slide rail 5, avoiding left and right deviation or wobbling of the swing head 4 due to the transmission deviation of the lead screw 8; on the other hand, the groove structure of the limiting groove 10 can prevent the swing head 4 from detaching from the slide rail 5 during movement, especially in high-speed movement or processing vibration scenarios, it can maintain the stable connection between the swing head 4 and the slide block 2, further improving the adjustment accuracy.

[0022] The core objective of this structure is to align the tips of tools of different lengths with the center of rotation of the oscillating head 4 (with the distance approaching zero) through position adjustment of the oscillating head 4. Specifically, the control system first obtains the current tool length through preset parameters or a detection device and calculates the deviation between the tool tip and the center of rotation of the oscillating head 4. Then, it sends a drive command to the motor 3, which drives the lead screw 8 to rotate. This rotation, via the mounting base 11, moves the oscillating head 4 along the slide rail 5. If the tool is too long, causing the tool tip to deviate from below the center of rotation, the motor 3 drives the lead screw 8 to rotate clockwise, moving the oscillating head 4 upward and shortening the distance between the tool tip and the center of rotation. If the tool is too short, causing the tool tip to deviate from above the center of rotation, the motor 3 drives the lead screw 8 to rotate counterclockwise, moving the oscillating head 4 downward, thus achieving deviation compensation. Throughout the process, the guide of the slide rail 5 and the limiting groove 10 ensures the accurate movement trajectory of the oscillating head 4, and the threaded transmission of the lead screw 8 and the mounting base 11 ensures controllable displacement. Ultimately, this achieves dynamic centering of the tool tip and the center of rotation of the oscillating head, reducing machining accuracy errors caused by tool tip offset.

[0023] Reference Figures 4-5Furthermore, one end of the protective cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7, and the other end of the protective cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 9; the end of the fixing ring 9 away from the protective cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting base 11, and a cavity 14 is opened inside the fixing ring 9. Several wiping rods 13 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 14; the telescopic spring 12 is located inside the protective cylinder 6, and the two ends of the telescopic spring 12 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the protective cylinder 6 respectively.

[0024] It should be noted that the protective sleeve 6 is made of airbag material, with one end fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7 and the other end fixedly connected to the retaining ring 9, forming a fully enclosed protective structure for the lead screw 8. On the one hand, the airbag material has good flexibility and sealing properties, which can completely isolate metal chips, cutting fluid, dust and other impurities in the processing environment, preventing impurities from entering the threaded engagement point between the lead screw 8 and the mounting seat 11. If impurities intrude, it can easily lead to thread jamming, accelerated wear, and even affect the transmission accuracy of the lead screw. The airbag protective sleeve 6 can block the contact path of impurities from the source, ensuring the long-term stable transmission of the lead screw 8. On the other hand, the expandable characteristics of the airbag material It can adapt to the movement requirements of the swing head 4: When the motor 3 drives the lead screw 8 to move the mounting base 11 (and the fixing ring 9) up and down, the fixing ring 9 will pull or push the airbag protective cylinder 6 to extend and retract synchronously. Since the airbag can flexibly deform with the displacement of the fixing ring 9, it will not restrict the movement trajectory of the swing head 4, and can always keep the lead screw 8 wrapped and protected, avoiding the failure of protection due to the movement of the swing head; at the same time, the two ends of the telescopic spring 12 inside the protective cylinder 6 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the protective cylinder 6, respectively. Its function is to provide "deformation and reset support" for the airbag protective cylinder 6, which can maintain the shape stability of the airbag protective cylinder 6 and extend its service life.

[0025] The end of the retaining ring 9 furthest from the protective cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting base 11 and moves up and down synchronously with the mounting base 11. The inner wall of its internal cavity 14 is fixed with a circumferentially distributed array of oil-absorbing cotton wiping rods 13, which are always in close contact with the outer wall of the lead screw 8, forming a dual maintenance mechanism of "moving cleaning + lubrication replenishment". On the one hand, the oil-absorbing cotton material has good oil absorption and flexibility, which can pre-absorb an appropriate amount of lubricating grease inside the cavity 14. When the retaining ring 9 moves along the lead screw 8 with the mounting base 11, the oil-absorbing cotton wiping rods 13 will move synchronously with the retaining ring 9 to wipe the outer wall of the lead screw 8, evenly applying the absorbed lubricating grease to the threaded surface of the lead screw 8, continuously replenishing lubrication at the thread engagement point between the lead screw 8 and the mounting base 11, reducing frictional loss, and avoiding transmission failure due to insufficient lubrication. To prevent jamming or component wear, the oil-absorbing cotton wiping rod 13 can simultaneously clean the tiny impurities remaining on the outer wall of the lead screw 8 (such as fine dust not isolated by the protective sleeve 6) during the wiping process. These impurities will be absorbed inside the oil-absorbing cotton, preventing them from entering the thread meshing area and affecting the transmission accuracy, thus achieving the maintenance effect of cleaning while moving. In addition, the circumferential array distribution design ensures that the oil-absorbing cotton wiping rod 13 can contact the outer wall of the lead screw 8 in all directions. Whether the lead screw 8 rotates forward or backward, the wiping rod 13 can evenly cover the surface of the lead screw 8, avoiding lubrication dead corners or cleaning blind spots, further ensuring the long-term stable operation of the lead screw 8, indirectly improving the accuracy of the position adjustment of the swing 4, and providing a reliable transmission basis for the dynamic centering of the tool tip.

[0026] It should be noted that the specific model and specifications of the motor need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dynamically centered oscillating head structure, comprising a saddle (1) and an oscillating head (4), characterized in that, The saddle (1) has a slide (2), a motor (3) and a lead screw (8) on one side. The outer wall of the lead screw (8) is provided with a fixing ring (9), a protective cylinder (6) and a telescopic spring (12). The slide (2) is rotatably connected to the saddle (1) on one side. The end of the slide (2) away from the saddle (1) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (5). The side wall of the slide (2) is fixedly connected to a bearing seat (7). The side wall of the slide (2) is fixedly connected to the motor (3). One end of the motor (3) is fixedly connected to the lead screw (8). The end of the lead screw (8) away from the motor (3) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (7). The swing head (4) has a limiting groove (10) on one side. The limiting groove (10) is slidably connected to the slide rail (5). The side wall of the swing head (4) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (11). The mounting seat (11) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lead screw (8).

2. The dynamically centered tilting head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the protective cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the bearing seat (7), and the other end of the protective cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (9).

3. The dynamically centered tilting head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the fixing ring (9) away from the protective cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting base (11). The fixing ring (9) has a cavity (14) inside, and a number of wiping rods (13) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (14).

4. The dynamically centered tilting head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic spring (12) is located inside the protective cylinder (6), and the two ends of the telescopic spring (12) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the protective cylinder (6).

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