A door opening mechanism for overhead loading of a bridge-type five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to a door opening mechanism for overhead hoisting and feeding of a bridge type five-axis machine tool, which comprises a machine tool cover and a side protection door, the top end of the machine tool cover is provided with a hoisting opening, the top end of the machine tool cover is provided with two linear modules arranged in parallel on the two sides of the hoisting opening, two sliding tables are arranged on the two linear modules, a mounting seat is connected between the two sliding tables, support guide rails are arranged on the two sides of the inner wall of the machine tool cover, a protection organ is arranged on the two support guide rails, a first organ head is fixedly arranged at one end of the protection organ, a second organ head is connected with the bottom of the mounting seat at the other end of the protection organ, a buffer is arranged on one side of the mounting seat, and stroke switches are arranged at the two ends of one side of the machine tool cover. The application belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, vertical feeding is realized through the top hoisting opening, the problem of space occupation of side hoisting to a factory building is completely solved, and the hoisting path is direct and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge-type five-axis machine tools are high-precision, high-efficiency CNC machining equipment widely used in the machining of complex curved surface parts in aerospace, automotive molds, and other industries. These machine tools are typically equipped with large machine tool enclosures to isolate the machining area, prevent cutting fluid and chip splashing, and reduce noise.

[0003] In existing technologies, the loading method for bridge-type five-axis machine tools is mostly based on the opening and closing of the front or side doors, with workpieces transported into the processing area via floor rails or forklifts. However, for large, heavy, or oddly shaped workpieces, this side or front lifting method has many limitations: (1) Large space occupation: The opening of the side door or front door requires sufficient space in front of or to the side of the machine tool, which places high demands on the layout of the factory. (2) Complex hoisting path: The overhead crane needs to send the workpiece in a roundabout way from the side or front of the machine tool, which is inconvenient to operate and there is a risk of collision with the machine tool parts; (3) Low efficiency: The complex hoisting path and positioning process result in a long loading and unloading time, which affects the overall processing efficiency; (4) Unreliable protective structure: If a simple hoisting port is opened on the top of the machine tool, its opening and closing mechanism often has poor sealing performance, making it difficult to effectively block cutting fluid and chips, and lacks reliable limiting and protection mechanisms, making it easy to be damaged due to misoperation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a specialized door opening mechanism that can achieve vertical top mounting, smooth opening and closing, good sealing, and safety protection functions to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool, and its specific technical solution is as follows.

[0006] A door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of a bridge-type five-axis machine tool includes a machine tool cover and side protective doors. The top of the machine tool cover is provided with a hoisting opening. On both sides of the hoisting opening at the top of the machine tool cover, there are two parallel linear modules. Each linear module is provided with a slide table. A mounting base is connected between the two slide tables. Support rails are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the machine tool cover. Protective bellows are provided on the two support rails. A first bellows head is fixedly installed at one end of the protective bellows. A second bellows head is connected to the bottom of the mounting base at the other end of the protective bellows. A buffer is provided on one side of the mounting base. Limit switches that can sense the buffer are provided at both ends of one side of the machine tool cover.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the mounting base is provided with a crossbeam plate, and the top of the second accordion head is provided with a connecting plate that is vertically connected to the crossbeam plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a baffle corresponding to the buffer is provided on one side of the top of the mounting base.

[0009] Furthermore, the buffer includes a flat plate connected to the top surface of one side of the mounting base and a vertical plate disposed on the outer side of the flat plate. The two ends of the vertical plate are bent inward and provided with inclined plates, and the moving contact of the limit switch can abut against the outer inclined surface of the inclined plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the linear module is a rodless cylinder device.

[0011] Furthermore, the supporting guide rail is a channel steel structure, and the bottom sides of the first and second bellows heads are provided with sliding grooves, and the side plates of the channel steel structure are inserted into the sliding grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, the groove wall is provided with lateral pulleys that are adapted to the inner side wall of the side plate of the channel steel structure, and the bottom ends of the first and second bellows heads are provided with support pulleys that are adapted to the groove bottom of the channel steel structure.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: This utility model discloses an opening mechanism for top-mounted material loading on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool. It achieves vertical loading through the top lifting port, completely solving the problem of side-mounted loading occupying factory space. The lifting path is direct and efficient, making it particularly suitable for loading and unloading large and heavy workpieces. It uses a protective bellows as the opening and closing element, which can completely cover the lifting port when closed, effectively isolating cutting fluid, oil mist and chips in the processing area and keeping the external environment clean. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the front structure of the door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the rear structure of the door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is the main structural view of the door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to this utility model; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Structural cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure of the rotary worktable and conversion table mechanism combination of this utility model; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Structural section view in the middle BB direction; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool, after removing the side protective door; Figure 9 This is an enlarged perspective view of the structure of the buffer and limit switch in this utility model.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Machine tool cover; 2. Side protective door; 3. Lifting port; 4. Linear module; 5. Slide table; 6. Mounting base; 7. Support guide rail; 8. Protective bellows; 9. First bellows head; 10. Second bellows head; 11. Buffer; 12. Limit switch; 13. Crossbeam plate; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Baffle; 16. Flat plate; 17. Vertical plate; 18. Inclined plate; 19. Moving contact; 20. Slide groove; 21. Lateral pulley; 22. Support pulley. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] The embodiments of this utility model will be described below based on its overall structure.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of a bridge-type five-axis machine tool, including a machine tool cover 1 and a side protective door 2. The top of the machine tool cover 1 is provided with a hoisting opening 3. On both sides of the hoisting opening 3 at the top of the machine tool cover 1, there are two parallel linear modules 4. The two linear modules 4 are provided with slides 5. The two slides 5 are connected to a mounting base 6. The inner walls of the machine tool cover 1 are provided with support rails 7 on both sides. The two support rails 7 are provided with protective bellows 8. A first bellows head 9 is fixedly installed at one end of the protective bellows 8. A second bellows head 10 is connected to the bottom of the mounting base 6 at the other end of the protective bellows 8. A buffer 11 is provided on one side of the mounting base 6. Limit switches 12 that can sense the buffer 11 are provided at both ends of one side of the machine tool cover 1.

[0020] This utility model discloses an opening mechanism for top-mounted material loading on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool. The core components include a machine tool cover, a lifting opening, a slide rail, a slide table, a mounting base, a support guide rail, a protective bellows, a buffer component, and a limit switch. In operation, the linear module 4 drives the slide table 5 to move linearly, and the slide table 5 drives the mounting base to move synchronously. The mounting base 6, through its bottom connecting structure, pulls the movable end of the protective bellows 8, i.e., the second bellows head 10, causing it to slide along the support guide rail. The protective bellows then folds up, opening the lifting opening and providing a vertical passage for the overhead crane to lift the workpiece. The linear module 4 drives the slide table 5 to move in the opposite direction, pushing the mounting base 6 back to its original position, and then pushing the second bellows head 10 to slide along the support guide rail, unfolding the folded protective bellows until it completely covers and closes the lifting port.

[0021] Furthermore, the buffer 11 mounted on the mounting base 6 moves along with it. When it moves to the limit position fully open or fully closed, the buffer 11 will touch the limit switch 12 located on the machine tool cover. After the limit switch 12 is triggered, it will send a signal to the machine tool control system to cut off the power of the drive system or stop its operation, thereby achieving precise stroke control and mechanical protection.

[0022] Therefore, the opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of a bridge-type five-axis machine tool, as described in this utility model, enables reliable opening and closing of the top hoisting opening to achieve vertical loading from the top, greatly saving horizontal space and simplifying the hoisting path. The slide rail-slide table system ensures the straightness and stability of the opening and closing action. A protective bellows provides a flexible seal for the opening, effectively preventing cutting fluid and dust from escaping from the top opening. The combination of a buffer and a limit switch ensures automated control and safe operation, with the limit switch guaranteeing accurate endpoint positioning of the mechanism and preventing mechanical damage caused by overshoot.

[0023] Specifically, the mounting base 6 has a crossbeam plate 13 at its bottom, and the second accordion head 10 has a connecting plate 14 vertically connected to the crossbeam plate 13 at its top. In this embodiment, a crossbeam plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting base, and the second accordion head is fixed to the crossbeam plate by a vertical connecting plate. The crossbeam plate increases the connection strength and stability with the second accordion head. The vertical connecting plate effectively transmits the tension / thrust of the protective accordion to the mounting base, while ensuring the rationality of the force direction. This optimizes the force transmission path, enhances the rigidity and reliability of the connection structure, prevents accordion twisting or jamming due to uneven force, and improves the smoothness and durability of the entire door opening mechanism.

[0024] Specifically, a baffle 15 corresponding to the buffer member 11 is provided on one side of the top of the mounting base 6. In this embodiment, a baffle 15 is provided on one side of the top of the mounting base to block the buffer member 11 and prevent the second bellows head 10 from colliding with the machine tool cover 1.

[0025] Specifically, the buffer 11 includes a flat plate 16 connected to the top surface of one side of the mounting base 6 and a vertical plate 17 perpendicularly disposed on the outer side of the flat plate 16. The two ends of the vertical plate 17 are bent inwards to form inclined plates 18, allowing the moving contact 19 of the limit switch 12 to abut against the outer inclined surface of the inclined plate 18. When the mounting base 6 moves, the inclined surface of the inclined plate 18 gradually approaches the moving contact 19 of the limit switch 12. The inclined surface design ensures a smooth transition during contact, rather than a rigid impact, reducing impact force. The moving contact slides along the inclined surface and is pressed down, thereby triggering the switch, achieving impact-free and smooth triggering, protecting the moving contact of the limit switch from damage, significantly reducing equipment noise and wear, and improving the accuracy and service life of the limit system.

[0026] Specifically, the linear module 4 is a rodless cylinder device. In this embodiment, the rodless cylinder drives the external slide table to move linearly through an internal piston. It has a compact structure, occupies little space, and provides an efficient, clean, and compact driving method for the movement of the slide table. It saves installation space, has high transmission efficiency, is easy to integrate with the pneumatic system of the machine tool, and is convenient to maintain.

[0027] Specifically, the support rail 7 is a channel steel structure, and the bottom sides of the first bellows head 9 and the second bellows head 10 are provided with sliding grooves 20, and the side plates of the channel steel structure are inserted into the sliding grooves 20. The groove 20 has lateral pulleys 21 on its groove wall that are adapted to the inner side wall of the side plate of the channel steel structure. The bottom ends of the first bellows head 9 and the second bellows head 10 are provided with support pulleys 22 that are adapted to the groove bottom of the channel steel structure.

[0028] In this embodiment, the support guide rail is a channel steel structure. The bottom sides of the first and second bellows heads are provided with sliding grooves, and the channel steel side plates are inserted into these grooves. Lateral pulleys are provided on the groove walls, and support pulleys are provided at the bottom of the bellows heads. The channel steel structure provides a robust guide rail; the bellows heads "ride" on the channel steel via the sliding grooves at their bottom. The lateral pulleys contact the inner side of the channel steel side plates, restraining the left and right swaying of the bellows heads; the support pulleys contact the bottom of the channel steel grooves, bearing the weight of the bellows heads and achieving rolling friction. This provides a low-friction, high-precision, and high-stability guiding support system for the opening and closing of the protective bellows. The pulley system transforms sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing running resistance and making the opening and closing actions light and smooth. The double pulley design (lateral and support) ensures that the bellows heads will not jam, crawl, or tilt during movement, ensuring precise movement trajectories, improving the service life of the protective bellows and the reliability of the entire mechanism.

[0029] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0030] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool, comprising a machine tool cover (1) and side protective doors (2), characterized in that, The top of the machine tool cover (1) is provided with a hoisting port (3). The top of the machine tool cover (1) is provided with two parallel linear modules (4) on both sides of the hoisting port (3). The two linear modules (4) are provided with slides (5). The two slides (5) are connected to a mounting base (6). The inner walls of the machine tool cover (1) are provided with support rails (7). The two support rails (7) are provided with protective bellows (8). The first bellows head (9) at one end of the protective bellows (8) is fixedly installed. The second bellows head (10) at the other end of the protective bellows (8) is connected to the bottom of the mounting base (6). The mounting base (6) is provided with a buffer (11) on one side. The two ends of one side of the machine tool cover (1) are provided with limit switches (12) that can sense the buffer (11).

2. The door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting base (6) is provided with a crossbeam plate (13), and the top of the second accordion head (10) is provided with a connecting plate (14) that is connected to the crossbeam plate (13).

3. The door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (6) has a baffle (15) on one side of its top that corresponds to the buffer (11).

4. A door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The buffer (11) includes a flat plate (16) connected to the top surface of one side of the mounting base (6) and a vertical plate (17) vertically disposed on the outside of the flat plate (16). The two ends of the vertical plate (17) are bent inward and provided with inclined plates (18). The moving contact (19) of the limit switch (12) can abut against the outer inclined surface of the inclined plate (18).

5. The door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linear module (4) is a rodless cylinder device.

6. The door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support guide rail (7) is a channel steel structure. The bottom sides of the first bellows head (9) and the second bellows head (10) are provided with sliding grooves (20), and the side plates of the channel steel structure are inserted into the sliding grooves (20).

7. The door opening mechanism for top hoisting and loading of materials on a bridge-type five-axis machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The groove (20) is provided with lateral pulleys (21) adapted to the inner sidewall of the side plate of the channel steel structure, and the bottom ends of the first bellows head (9) and the second bellows head (10) are provided with support pulleys (22) adapted to the bottom of the groove of the channel steel structure.

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