A fixing tool for workpiece machining

Abstract

The application discloses a fixing tool for workpiece machining in the technical field of machining tools, which comprises a centering mechanism and a positioning base. The centering mechanism comprises a connecting disc, an intermediate plate and an adjusting assembly. A guide groove is arranged on the abutting surface of the connecting disc and the intermediate plate. A sliding block is arranged in the guide groove. The adjusting assembly acts on the intermediate plate and is used for driving the intermediate plate to move relative to the connecting disc. The positioning base is in transmission connection with a grinding machine main shaft and constitutes a grinding machine tool for grinding machining of a workpiece. The positioning base is in detachable connection with the centering mechanism and constitutes a turning tool for turning machining of the workpiece. According to different machining requirements, the connection mode of the positioning base is switched, the multifunctional adaptability of the tool is realized, and the accurate positioning of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining tooling technology, and in particular to a fixed tooling for machining workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the precision machining of rotating parts such as shafts and discs, including turning and grinding, the positioning accuracy, rigidity, and efficiency of the tooling directly determine the final machining quality of the workpiece. Traditional tooling is usually designed for a single station and is dedicated to a specific type of workpiece. When production tasks involve multiple varieties and small batches of parts, frequent tooling changes and readjustments are required. This not only significantly increases production line downtime and reduces production efficiency, but also introduces the risk of human error during repeated clamping, making it difficult to guarantee the consistency of batch products.

[0003] Traditional methods face even greater challenges, especially for long shafts or workpieces requiring extremely high coaxiality at both ends. After the workpiece is clamped, there is often a slight deviation between its theoretical axis and the actual rotation axis of the machine tool spindle, which leads to errors during machining. Correcting these errors mainly relies on manual fine-tuning based on the operator's experience. This process is cumbersome, time-consuming, and requires high skill levels, making it difficult to achieve accurate and rapid automated calibration.

[0004] Furthermore, although some dual-station tooling exists in existing technologies to improve equipment utilization, the two stations often operate independently, lacking coordination and flexibility. While one workpiece is being machined, the other station is used for loading and unloading. This model cannot achieve simultaneous measurement and adjustment of both ends of a single workpiece, or complete multiple composite machining operations in a single setup. At the same time, most tooling has a single function; turning tooling and grinding tooling are usually not interchangeable, requiring companies to configure them separately, increasing equipment investment and space requirements. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a fixed fixture for workpiece machining that can adaptively adjust the center of the workpiece on a lathe, while meeting the requirements of turning and grinding processes, and improving the flexibility and efficiency of equipment utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application employs the following technical solution:

[0007] This application provides a fixed fixture for workpiece machining, including:

[0008] The self-aligning mechanism includes a connecting plate, an intermediate plate, and an adjusting component. A guide groove is provided on the mating surface of the connecting plate and the intermediate plate. A slider is disposed within the guide groove. The adjusting component acts on the intermediate plate to drive the intermediate plate to move relative to the connecting plate. The slider and the guide groove form a guiding engagement to limit the direction of movement of the intermediate plate relative to the connecting plate. By driving the intermediate plate to move relative to the connecting plate along the direction defined by the guide groove through the adjusting component, the self-aligning function is achieved.

[0009] The positioning base is connected to the grinding machine spindle via a drive, forming a grinding machine fixture for grinding workpieces; the positioning base is detachably connected to the self-aligning mechanism, forming a turning fixture for turning workpieces.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment block and a bolt; the adjustment block has a threaded hole, the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole, and the intermediate plate is moved by rotating the bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide groove is formed by the mating of a first groove on the mating surface of the connecting plate and a second groove on the mating surface of the intermediate plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning base includes a positioning body and a limiting component. The limiting component is disposed on the positioning end face of the positioning body and is used to position and clamp the workpiece by contacting it.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a first limiting member and a second limiting member;

[0014] The first limiting member is disposed around the workpiece to restrict the movement of the workpiece;

[0015] The workpiece has a positioning hole, and the second limiting member restricts the rotation of the workpiece by fitting against the wall of the positioning hole.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure plate, which is disposed on the positioning base and applies a clamping force to the workpiece placed on the positioning end face, so that the workpiece is tightly fitted with the limiting component and the positioning end face.

[0017] Furthermore, the positioning body has central holes at both ends, and the axes of the two central holes are coaxial with the axes of the rotating surfaces at both ends of the positioning body.

[0018] Furthermore, the central hole is a type B central hole, which facilitates the positioning and positioning of the main body support during machining.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0020] The workpiece machining fixture disclosed in this application enables rapid and precise adjustment of the center of the positioning base on the lathe through a self-aligning mechanism, and allows for interchangeable use of the fixture on both lathe and grinding machine tools through a universal positioning base for lathe and grinding machine. This not only improves the utilization rate of the fixture, but also enhances the positioning accuracy and machining efficiency of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the fixed tooling in this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed tooling of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning base of the fixed tooling in this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the fixed tooling of this application.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Connecting plate; 2. Slider; 3. Intermediate plate; 4. Adjusting block; 5. Bolt; 6. Machined part; 7. Pressure plate; 8. Positioning body; 9. First limiting component; 10. Second limiting component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a workpiece machining fixture, including a self-aligning mechanism. The self-aligning mechanism includes a connecting plate 1, an intermediate plate 3, and an adjusting component. A guide groove is provided on the mating surface of the connecting plate 1 and the intermediate plate 3. A slider 2 is disposed in the guide groove. The adjusting component acts on the intermediate plate 3 to drive the intermediate plate 3 to move relative to the connecting plate 1. The slider 2 forms a guiding engagement with the guide groove to limit the movement direction of the intermediate plate 3 relative to the connecting plate 1. The adjusting component drives the intermediate plate 3 to move relative to the connecting plate 1 along the direction defined by the guide groove, thereby realizing the self-aligning function. A positioning base is drivenly connected to the grinding machine spindle to form a grinding machine fixture for grinding workpiece 6. The positioning base is detachably connected to the self-aligning mechanism to form a turning fixture for turning workpiece 6.

[0028] In this embodiment, to achieve self-aligning capability, the guide groove is formed by the mating of a first groove on the connecting plate 1 and a second groove on the intermediate plate 3. The first and second grooves are square grooves. The slider 2 is installed within the space formed by the grooves of the connecting plate 1 and the intermediate plate 3, and the intermediate plate 3 is floatingly connected to the connecting plate 1 via the slider 2. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment assembly mainly includes an adjustment block 4 and a bolt 5. The adjustment block 4 has a threaded hole machined in its center, and the bolt 5 passes through the threaded hole and is assembled with the adjustment block 4 to form an integral unit. To enable flexible movement of the intermediate plate 3 within the plane, this embodiment provides four sets of this adjustment assembly. The adjustment block 4 is mounted on the connecting plate 1, and the bolt 5 is screwed into the threaded hole, with its end contacting the surface of the intermediate plate 3. When center adjustment is required, the adjustment assemblies distributed around the intermediate plate 3 are rotated, causing the intermediate plate 3 to slide relative to the connecting plate 1 according to the sliding guide of the slider 2 in the guide groove.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the positioning base includes a positioning body 8 and a limiting component. The limiting component is disposed on the positioning end face of the positioning body 8 and is used to position and clamp the workpiece 6 by contacting it. The positioning body 8 is the core component of the positioning base. The left and right ends of the positioning body 8 are respectively provided with center holes, and the axes of the two center holes are coaxial with the axes of the rotating surfaces at both ends of the positioning body 8. The center holes are machined as B-type center holes.

[0030] On the end face of the positioning body 8 used for mounting the workpiece 6, a limiting component is provided. The limiting component includes several first limiting members 9 and second limiting members 10. The first limiting members 9 are disposed around the workpiece 6 to restrict the movement of the workpiece 6. The workpiece 6 has a positioning hole, and the second limiting members 10 are inserted into the positioning hole to restrict the rotation of the workpiece 6. In this embodiment, the first limiting member 9 is a cylindrical pin, which is arranged around the workpiece 6. The second limiting member 10 is a rhomboid pin, which uses a chamfered structure to precisely fit with the positioning hole on the workpiece 6. The two limiting components and the positioning end face of the positioning body 8 together form a "one-face, two-pin" positioning method. Among them, the positioning end face restricts three degrees of freedom of the workpiece 6, the first limiting member 9 restricts two degrees of movement freedom, and the second limiting member 10 restricts one degree of rotation freedom, thereby completely restricting the six degrees of freedom of the workpiece 6 in space and achieving complete positioning.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adaptive adjustment also includes a pressure plate 7, which is disposed above the positioning base and is used to apply a clamping force to the workpiece 6 placed on the positioning end face, so that the workpiece 6 is tightly fitted with the limiting component and the positioning end face.

[0032] In this embodiment, the positioning base can be used independently as a turning and grinding fixture. The outer cylindrical surface on the right side of the positioning base is connected to the drive device of the grinding machine spindle via a chuck, and the center of the grinding machine tailstock is inserted into the B-type center hole on its right side. The workpiece 6 is mounted on the positioning end face of the positioning base and fixed by the limiting component and the pressure plate 7, thereby enabling grinding of the outer circle or end face of the workpiece 6.

[0033] The turning fixture consists of a self-aligning mechanism and a detachably connected positioning base. The connecting plate 1 of the self-aligning mechanism serves as the core base and mounting interface, fixed to the lathe spindle flange via its built-in disc structure and transmitting torque. The positioning base is mounted on the connecting plate 1 via an intermediate plate 3. During operation, the machine tool spindle drives the connecting plate 1 to rotate, which in turn sequentially drives the self-aligning mechanism, the positioning base, and the ultimately clamped workpiece 6 to rotate synchronously, thus completing the turning process.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up," "down," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement between components in a specific orientation. If the specific orientation changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fixed fixture for machining a workpiece, characterized in that, include: The self-aligning mechanism includes a connecting plate (1), an intermediate plate (3), and an adjusting component. A guide groove is provided on the mating surface of the connecting plate (1) and the intermediate plate (3). A slider (2) is provided in the guide groove. The adjusting component acts on the intermediate plate (3) to drive the intermediate plate (3) to move relative to the connecting plate (1). The slider (2) forms a guiding fit with the guide groove to limit the direction of movement of the intermediate plate (3) relative to the connecting plate (1). The adjusting component drives the intermediate plate (3) to move relative to the connecting plate (1) along the direction defined by the guide groove to achieve the self-aligning function. The positioning base is connected to the grinding machine spindle to form a grinding machine tool for grinding the workpiece (6); the positioning base is detachably connected to the self-aligning mechanism to form a turning tool for turning the workpiece (6).

2. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment block (4) and a bolt (5); the adjustment block (4) is provided with a threaded hole, and the bolt (5) is screwed into the threaded hole. The intermediate plate (3) is moved by rotating the bolt (5).

3. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide groove is formed by the first groove provided on the mating surface of the connecting plate (1) and the second groove provided on the mating surface of the intermediate plate (3).

4. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning base includes a positioning body (8) and a limiting component. The limiting component is located on the positioning end face of the positioning body (8) and achieves positioning and clamping of the workpiece (6) by contacting it.

5. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a first limiting member (9) and a second limiting member (10); The first limiting member (9) is disposed around the workpiece (6) to restrict the movement of the workpiece (6); The workpiece (6) has a positioning hole, and the second limiting member (10) restricts the rotation of the workpiece (6) by fitting against the hole wall of the positioning hole.

6. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure plate (7), which is disposed on the positioning base and is used to apply a clamping force to the workpiece (6) placed on the positioning end face so that the workpiece (6) is tightly fitted with the limiting component and the positioning end face.

7. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning body (8) has a central hole at each end, and the axis of the two central holes is coaxial with the axis of the rotating surface at both ends of the positioning body (8).

8. The workpiece machining fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that, The central hole is a type B central hole, which facilitates the positioning of the main body (8) for support and positioning processing.

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