Anti-pollution temperature control press welding equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of anti-fouling temperature control press-fit welding equipment, including the laser welding bin for placing to be welded object, the press-fit component for being positioned to the press-fit welding of to be welded object and exerting press-fit force and anti-fouling temperature control component;Laser welding bin includes at least one laser permeable bin wall and several exhaust holes, bin wall includes the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate of interval arrangement along thickness direction, air flow passage is formed between first light-transmitting plate and second light-transmitting plate, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on second light-transmitting plate and are communicated with laser welding bin interior;Anti-fouling temperature control component includes the air intake unit being communicated with the air flow passage, and the exhaust unit being communicated with the exhaust hole, for temperature regulation and control and bin wall anti-fouling to laser welding bin.This press-fit welding equipment can also block the deposition of smoke and waste in light-transmitting plate during welding process on the basis of effective temperature control of laser welding bin, maintain laser transmission stable and improve welding quality and equipment continuous working capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser welding technology, and in particular to a pressure welding device with anti-fouling and temperature control. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding has been widely used in the plastics processing industry due to its advantages such as non-contact operation, high precision, and ease of control. When laser welding plastic parts, it is usually performed under pressure. The specific method is as follows: the laser beam penetrates the upper layer of plastic material and is absorbed by the lower layer of laser-absorbing plastic part at the welding interface, converting the laser energy into heat energy. This causes the plastic material to locally heat up and melt, achieving a fusion bond. Currently, for most thermoplastics, material formulations suitable for laser welding have been developed, along with corresponding welding equipment and pressure fixtures, enabling the achievement of relatively ideal welding results.

[0003] However, certain challenges remain in actual welding processes, especially for some semi-crystalline thermoplastics. Since the material's crystallization state directly affects its final mechanical properties, controlling the material's crystallization behavior and temperature field distribution during welding is crucial. Improper temperature control in the welding area and its surroundings can easily lead to crystallinity deviating from the target range, resulting in insufficient weld strength or welding deformation.

[0004] For example, patent application CN101486255A discloses a device for laser welding thermoplastic parts. This device reduces vibration and thermal stress on the product by setting a rollable spherical focusing lens at the lower end of the welding head. Utility model patent CN212579236U discloses a laser welding device whose temperature measuring device emits an infrared beam to monitor and control the welding temperature, preventing excessively high or low temperatures from affecting welding quality. While these solutions improve the welding head structure and welding temperature monitoring, the welding area is often in a relatively open environment, lacking effective constraints on the overall temperature field and atmosphere of the welding space. This makes it difficult to control the crystallization behavior of thermoplastic parts in a timely and stable manner, limiting the consistency of the mechanical properties of the welded plastic products.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, the applicant has proposed a pressure-fitting temperature control device and laser welding system for laser welding, with utility model patent application number CN202521454695.0. This system arranges the welding area within a closed laser welding chamber and installs temperature control units such as hot air circulation, electric heating film, infrared heating, or PTC elements within the chamber to raise or maintain the overall temperature of the space. Simultaneously, airflow channels are arranged on the welding chamber wall opposite the transparent window. By introducing hot and / or cold air and cooperating with an air pump to pressurize or depressurize, the temperature field and the atmosphere within the chamber are improved. Compared to an open welding environment, this system offers advantages in improving the controllability and uniformity of the temperature field.

[0006] However, during laser welding of plastic parts and their surface coatings, the heated material generates a large amount of fumes, tiny droplets, and volatile decomposition products. These substances are still prone to condensation and deposition on the surface of the transparent window near the inside of the welding chamber, leading to decreased light transmittance of the transparent window, laser energy attenuation, and even spot distortion, thus affecting welding quality. Existing closed-loop devices typically require manual wiping or complete replacement of the transparent plate after shutdown for maintenance. This is frequent, inconvenient, and requires opening the laser welding chamber during cleaning, causing significant fluctuations in temperature and atmosphere within the chamber, affecting process stability. Furthermore, the gas flow channels in existing solutions are mainly located on the side of the chamber wall opposite the transparent window, focusing on overall regulation of the temperature field and atmosphere within the chamber. They do not specifically optimize the chamber wall structure and its corresponding air intake and exhaust paths to address the anti-contamination requirements of the transparent sidewall itself, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve temperature field stability and anti-contamination of the transparent sidewall from both structural and airflow organization perspectives.

[0007] Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the stability of the temperature field inside the laser welding chamber and the pressing function, how to provide a pressing welding equipment that takes into account the chamber wall structure that is transparent and prevents contamination, is easy to maintain, and does not significantly disturb the temperature field, as well as the contamination-proof and temperature-controlled gas path arrangement scheme, is still a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the transparent chamber walls being easily contaminated by welding fumes and molten droplets, requiring frequent cleaning and maintenance, and struggling to achieve effective exhaust and temperature control while maintaining a stable temperature field, this invention provides a contamination-resistant and temperature-controlled press-fit welding device. By setting at least one laser-permeable chamber wall in the laser welding chamber, formed by an airflow channel created by a first and second transparent plate and vent holes, combined with an air intake unit connected to the airflow channel and an exhaust unit connected to the exhaust holes, the device achieves coordinated control of airflow and temperature within the laser welding chamber. This effectively reduces the deposition of fumes and dust on the inner side of the transparent chamber wall and improves the stability of the welding environment.

[0009] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a contamination-resistant and temperature-controlled press-fit welding device, comprising a laser welding chamber, a press-fit assembly, and a contamination-resistant and temperature-controlled assembly; wherein... A laser welding chamber for placing the object to be welded includes at least one laser-transmittable chamber wall and several vent holes. The chamber wall includes a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate spaced apart along the thickness direction. An airflow channel is formed between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate. The second light-transmitting plate is provided with a plurality of vent holes communicating with the interior of the laser welding chamber. Press-fitting assembly, used to position the workpiece to be welded and apply press-fitting force; The anti-fouling and temperature control component includes an air intake unit connected to the airflow channel and an exhaust unit connected to the exhaust port, used for temperature control and anti-fouling of the laser welding chamber walls.

[0010] In the above structure, the laser welding chamber forms a relatively enclosed welding space. At least one chamber wall is constructed from a first and a second light-transmitting plate spaced apart along the thickness direction, forming an airflow channel between them. The air intake unit of the anti-fouling and temperature control component is connected to this airflow channel, guiding regulated gas into the channel and directing it along the chamber wall direction. The gas then enters the laser welding chamber through multiple vents arranged on the second light-transmitting plate, creating an organized airflow distribution in the area near the transparent chamber wall. Simultaneously, several exhaust vents on the laser welding chamber are connected to the exhaust unit, allowing the gas containing fumes, volatile decomposition products, and molten droplets to be promptly extracted, thus establishing an "intake-guidance-exhaust" airflow circulation path during the welding process.

[0011] Through the coordination of the aforementioned airflow channels, vents, and exhaust ports, the gas supplied by the air intake unit preferentially forms an airflow band near the chamber wall, continuously scouring the inner surface of the second transparent plate. This guides the fumes and fine particles generated during welding away from the transparent chamber wall, reducing their condensation and deposition on the inner side of the chamber wall, thus achieving anti-fouling protection for the chamber wall. Simultaneously, the exhaust unit directionally extracts gas from the chamber, which helps stabilize the temperature field and atmosphere within the welding chamber, preventing localized overheating or fume accumulation from adversely affecting welding quality. When used in conjunction with the press-fit assembly for positioning and clamping the workpiece to be welded, this structure can maintain good press-fitting conditions while ensuring chamber wall anti-fouling and temperature control, providing a more stable and clean working environment for the laser welding process.

[0012] Furthermore, the first light-transmitting plate is rotatably connected to the laser welding chamber along one of its edges, so as to rotate relative to the laser welding chamber between a closed position and an open position; The second light-transmitting plate is detachably connected to the inner side of the first light-transmitting plate.

[0013] Through the above arrangement, the first light-transmitting plate undertakes the main load-bearing and sealing functions of the laser welding chamber, while the second light-transmitting plate, as a protective light-transmitting component close to the welding space and susceptible to smoke and molten droplet contamination, can be independently disassembled and replaced. When maintenance is required, only the first light-transmitting plate needs to be opened and the second light-transmitting plate replaced to restore the light-transmitting area of ​​the chamber wall. This reduces intervention in the overall structure of the laser welding chamber, lowers maintenance complexity and downtime, and improves the maintainability and long-term stable operation capability of the equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the first light-transmitting plate is greater than the thickness of the second light-transmitting plate. The first light-transmitting plate forms the load-bearing light-transmitting plate of the transparent sidewall, used to withstand the pressure difference and mechanical load inside and outside the laser welding chamber. The second light-transmitting plate can be appropriately thinned to facilitate the formation of a large number of ventilation holes and to form a barrier and protection for the first light-transmitting plate.

[0015] This invention separates the load-bearing and protective functions. On the one hand, it ensures that the transparent sidewall has sufficient strength and rigidity under pressure, decompression, and clamping conditions, maintaining the structural safety and sealing reliability of the welding chamber. On the other hand, when the second light-transmitting plate near the welding space is contaminated or damaged by smoke, molten droplets, etc., only the thin protective light-transmitting plate needs to be treated or replaced, without replacing the load-bearing light-transmitting plate. This helps reduce maintenance costs and improves the long-term stability of the equipment while ensuring laser transmission performance.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser welding chamber has a cubic structure, with all four side walls being walls through which the laser can pass.

[0017] By adopting a cubic shape and arranging light-transmitting chamber walls on all four sides, the laser welding optical path can be arranged on different sides, enabling flexible combination welding of welds in different orientations on the same workpiece, thus improving the equipment's adaptability to various product structures and welding processes. On the other hand, the regular overall geometry of the welding chamber and the high utilization rate of internal space are conducive to forming a relatively symmetrical and uniform temperature and airflow field within the chamber. Combined with the air intake and exhaust arrangement of the anti-fouling temperature control components, it is easier to maintain the stability and consistency of the welding environment, thereby improving welding quality and process repeatability.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressing assembly includes several clamping members arranged around the workpiece to be welded, and a driving assembly connected to the clamping members. By using the multi-point distributed clamping members to limit and clamp the workpiece to be welded circumferentially or from multiple sides, and driven by the driving assembly, a uniform and controllable pressing force can be applied to the workpiece to be welded, so that the welding area remains stable and accurately positioned during laser irradiation, which is beneficial to ensuring the quality of weld formation.

[0019] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a first driving part, a second driving part, and a driving rod that is connected to the first driving part and the second driving part respectively and passes through the laser welding chamber. The other end of the driving rod is connected to the clamping member and is used to drive the clamping member to position and press the workpiece to be welded. The first drive unit is located on the outside of the top wall of the laser welding chamber; The second drive unit is located on the outside of the bottom wall of the laser welding chamber.

[0020] By arranging the drive unit on the outer side of the top and bottom walls of the welding chamber and using a drive rod to transmit motion through the welding chamber and the clamping parts, on the one hand, the workpiece to be welded can be clamped and supported in two directions, which facilitates the formation of a stable three-dimensional pressure constraint and improves the uniformity of force and welding positioning accuracy during the pressure process; on the other hand, the drive unit is isolated from the welding space, which helps to reduce the impact of the drive mechanism on the temperature field and atmosphere inside the chamber. With the setting of the sealing structure, reliable pressure can be achieved while maintaining the airtightness of the laser welding chamber and the stability of the process environment.

[0021] Furthermore, the exhaust vents are located on the top and / or bottom walls. By arranging the exhaust vents at both ends of the vertical direction of the chamber, it is beneficial to coordinate with the internal airflow organization to form an overall flow path from bottom to top or from top to bottom. This allows fumes, volatile decomposition products, and hot gases generated during welding to be collected in the exhaust vent area and discharged in a timely manner. On the one hand, this reduces the retention of pollutants in the welding chamber and improves the atmosphere inside the chamber. On the other hand, it helps to coordinate with the air intake unit to stably adjust the temperature field distribution inside the chamber, thereby improving the environmental stability of the welding process and the consistency of welding quality.

[0022] Furthermore, the vent is located on the top wall, and along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate, the diameter of the vent gradually decreases from the side near the bottom wall to the side near the top wall; or The vent is located on the bottom wall, and its diameter gradually decreases from the side closest to the top wall to the side closest to the bottom wall along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate; or The vent holes are located on the top and bottom walls, and their diameters gradually decrease from the middle of the second light-transmitting plate towards the side closer to the top wall and the side closer to the bottom wall, respectively, along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate.

[0023] By arranging the vents in a gradually varying pattern, the vents on the side closer to the exhaust direction are relatively smaller, while those on the side farther from the exhaust direction are relatively larger. This allows for overall compensation and balance of the airflow from the vents, guiding the airflow along the height of the second transparent plate towards the exhaust vent side. This results in a more uniform and directional airflow distribution inside the transparent chamber wall, more effectively carrying the fumes and heat generated during welding to the exhaust vent area for discharge. This enhances the anti-fouling effect and helps stabilize the temperature field and atmosphere within the welding chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the laser welding chamber is equipped with a temperature detector, and the air intake unit delivers hot and / or cold air to the airflow channel based on the detector's readings. By monitoring the temperature distribution inside the welding chamber in real time and feeding the detection signal back to the air intake unit, the temperature of the gas entering the airflow channel can be automatically adjusted according to changes in the welding conditions, thereby forming a temperature-regulating guide air zone near the chamber wall. On the one hand, this allows for timely compensation for temperature changes in the welding area and its surroundings, preventing excessively high or low overall temperatures from causing abnormal material crystallization or unstable weld formation. On the other hand, by delivering temperature-controlled hot and / or cold air to the airflow channel, combined with the gas delivery into the welding chamber through vents, it is beneficial to enhance the anti-fouling airflow effect of the chamber wall while simultaneously achieving precise control of the temperature field in the welding space, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy and welding quality consistency during the welding process.

[0025] Furthermore, the anti-fouling temperature control component also includes a heating unit disposed inside and / or outside the laser welding chamber, the heating unit including at least one of an infrared heating device, an electric heating film heating device, a PTC ceramic heating device, and a hot plate heating device.

[0026] The various forms of the heating units mentioned above can be used in combination or individually in conjunction with the hot and / or cold air delivered by the air intake unit. By combining radiant heating, contact heating and circulating airflow temperature regulation, more precise, rapid and adjustable temperature control can be achieved for the space containing the laser welding chamber. This allows for both preheating or heat treatment of the workpiece to be welded and maintaining a stable temperature field distribution during the welding process, in order to meet the control requirements of welding temperature window and crystallization behavior under different material and process conditions.

[0027] The anti-fouling and temperature-controlled press-fitting welding equipment provided by this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This utility model constructs an airflow channel formed by the interval between a first transparent plate and a second transparent plate on the laser welding chamber, and opens ventilation holes on the second transparent plate. With the air intake unit connected to the airflow channel and the exhaust unit connected to the exhaust holes of the top wall and / or bottom wall, a directional airflow path of "air intake-guide flow-exhaust" is built near the chamber wall, so that the gas preferentially flows along the inner side of the transparent chamber wall and gathers to the exhaust hole area. On the one hand, it effectively reduces the condensation and deposition of fumes, volatile decomposition products and molten droplets generated during the welding process on the inner side of the second transparent plate, reduces the degree of pollution of the transparent chamber wall, reduces the frequency of wiping and replacement, and maintains the stability of laser transmission. On the other hand, under the synergistic effect of air intake and exhaust, the fumes and residual heat in the chamber can be discharged in time, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the temperature field and atmosphere environment in the welding chamber and avoiding the adverse effects of local overheating or fume accumulation on the welding quality.

[0028] (2) In this utility model, the first light-transmitting plate is designed as a thick load-bearing light-transmitting plate and is rotatably connected to the laser welding chamber. The second light-transmitting plate is designed as a thin protective light-transmitting plate and is detachably connected to the inner side of the first light-transmitting plate. On the one hand, this ensures that the transparent chamber wall has sufficient strength and sealing reliability under pressurization, depressurization and pressing conditions. On the other hand, when the second light-transmitting plate is contaminated or damaged by smoke and molten droplets, the light transmission performance can be restored simply by opening the first light-transmitting plate and replacing the thin protective plate, which significantly reduces maintenance complexity and downtime. At the same time, by combining the cubic welding chamber structure, the multi-point clamping pressing components and the heating unit that can be used with the air intake unit, comprehensive control of the temperature field and pressing state of the welding space can be achieved, improving the equipment's adaptability to different welding processes and the consistency of weld quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pollution-proof and temperature-controlled press-fit welding device provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the laser welding chamber of a pressure welding device with anti-fouling and temperature control provided by this utility model.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Laser welding chamber; 11. First light-transmitting plate; 12. Second light-transmitting plate; 13. Top wall; 14. Bottom wall; 15. Airflow channel; 2. Pressing assembly; 21. First drive unit; 22. Second drive unit; 23. Drive rod; 24. Clamping component; 3. Anti-fouling and temperature control assembly; 31. Air inlet unit; 32. Exhaust unit; 33. Vent hole; 34. Exhaust hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the above technical solutions, a detailed description of the solutions will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0032] The terminology used in the embodiments of this utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the utility model. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" as used in this utility model are also intended to include the plural forms, and "multiple" generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0033] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a contamination-resistant and temperature-controlled press-fit welding device, including a laser welding chamber 1, a press-fit assembly 2, and a contamination-resistant and temperature-controlled assembly 3; wherein, The laser welding chamber 1 is used to place the object to be welded and includes at least one chamber wall that is permeable to laser. The chamber wall includes a first light-transmitting plate 11 and a second light-transmitting plate 12 that are spaced apart along the thickness direction. An airflow channel 15 is formed between the first light-transmitting plate 11 and the second light-transmitting plate 12. The second light-transmitting plate 12 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 33 that communicate with the interior of the laser welding chamber 1. The laser welding chamber 1 also includes a plurality of exhaust holes 34. Press-fit assembly 2 is used to position the workpiece to be welded and apply press-fitting force; The anti-fouling and temperature control component 3 includes an air intake unit 31 connected to the airflow channel 15 and an exhaust unit 32 connected to the exhaust port 34, which are used to regulate the temperature of the laser welding chamber 1 and prevent the chamber wall from becoming contaminated.

[0035] Specifically, the anti-fouling and temperature-controlled press-fit welding equipment includes a closed laser welding chamber 1. The laser welding chamber 1 is composed of several chamber walls, a top wall 13, and a bottom wall 14 that enclose the receiving space. At least one of the chamber walls used for laser incident is a laser-transparent chamber wall. This laser-transparent chamber wall has light-transmitting openings, and a first light-transmitting plate 11 and a second light-transmitting plate 12, spaced apart along the thickness direction, are installed at the openings. Both are connected to the welding chamber by circumferential spacers or frame fasteners, and are fitted with sealing rings or gaskets around their periphery to form a closed airflow channel 15 between the first light-transmitting plate 11 and the second light-transmitting plate 12. The airflow channel 15 extends along the length or height of the chamber wall. The second light-transmitting plate 12 has multiple vent holes 33 on the side facing the interior of the laser welding chamber 1. The inner end of each vent hole 33 communicates with the airflow channel 15, and the outer end communicates with the receiving space of the laser welding chamber 1, allowing gas entering the airflow channel 15 to enter the welding chamber through the vent holes 33 and form an organized airflow in the area near the transparent chamber wall.

[0036] The exhaust port 34 on the laser welding chamber 1 is connected to the exhaust unit 32 in the anti-fouling and temperature control assembly 3 via a pipe. The exhaust unit 32 may include a fan or vacuum pump and corresponding valves for extracting gas from inside the welding chamber. The anti-fouling and temperature control assembly 3 also includes an air intake unit 31 connected to the airflow channel 15. The air intake unit 31 is connected to an external air source via an air intake pipe and can adjust the flow rate and temperature of the gas supplied to the airflow channel 15 according to process requirements. During operation, the air intake unit 31 sends the adjusted gas into the airflow channel 15 between the first light-transmitting plate 11 and the second light-transmitting plate 12. The gas flows along the chamber wall in the airflow channel 15 and enters the welding chamber through the vent 33 on the second light-transmitting plate 12. At the same time, the exhaust unit 32 discharges the fumes, volatile decomposition products, and excess heat generated during the welding process with the airflow through the exhaust port 34, thereby forming an airflow circulation path inside the welding chamber composed of the air intake unit 31, the airflow channel 15, the vent 33, and the exhaust port 34.

[0037] The pressing assembly 2 is disposed within the containment space of the laser welding chamber 1 and is used to position and press the workpiece to be welded. The pressing assembly 2 may include a support structure for supporting the workpiece to be welded and a pressing mechanism disposed around or above and below it. The pressing mechanism applies force through mechanical transmission or an external drive source to keep the workpiece to be welded in a stable fit and fixed posture during the welding process. Through the above structural arrangement, the workpiece to be welded completes the pressing and laser welding operations within a closed and controllable welding chamber. The gas supplied by the air intake unit 31 forms a wall-flowing airflow band on the inner side of the transparent chamber wall, which continuously flushes and isolates the inner surface of the second light-transmitting plate 12, guiding the welding fumes and fine particles away from the transparent chamber wall and carried away by the exhaust unit 32 with the overall airflow. Thus, on the one hand, it reduces the pollution and condensation deposits on the inner side of the transparent chamber wall, reduces the frequency of cleaning and replacement, and ensures stable laser transmission; on the other hand, by rationally organizing the air intake and exhaust paths and flow rates, it is possible to achieve coordinated control of the atmosphere and temperature inside the welding chamber without significantly disturbing the temperature field of the welding area, providing a stable, clean, and controllable working environment for laser welding.

[0038] In one preferred embodiment, the first light-transmitting plate 11 is rotatably connected to the laser welding chamber 1 along one of its edges, so as to rotate relative to the laser welding chamber 1 between a closed position and an open position; the second light-transmitting plate 12 is detachably connected to the inner side of the first light-transmitting plate 11.

[0039] Specifically, a hinge seat can be installed on the side of the laser welding chamber 1 near the chamber wall. One edge of the first light-transmitting plate 11 is rotatably connected to the hinge seat via a hinge or pivot, so that the first light-transmitting plate 11, like a door leaf, flips relative to the laser welding chamber 1. When in the closed position, it covers the outside of the second light-transmitting plate 12 and seals the welding chamber circumferentially. When maintenance is required, it is rotated to the open position, exposing the second light-transmitting plate 12. The periphery of the second light-transmitting plate 12 is detachably connected to the inner side of the first light-transmitting plate 11 by means of screw plates, clips, or sliding guide rails. After the first light-transmitting plate 11 is flipped to the open position, the operator can directly remove and replace the second light-transmitting plate 12 from outside the welding chamber. Through the combination of the aforementioned rotating and detachable connections, the structural load-bearing and sealing functions are mainly undertaken by the first light-transmitting plate 11, while the second light-transmitting plate 12, which is located on one side of the welding space and is easily contaminated by fumes and molten droplets, can be quickly replaced as an independent protective component. This ensures the structural strength and airtightness of the laser welding chamber 1, and significantly reduces the maintenance difficulty and downtime of the light-transmitting area.

[0040] In one preferred embodiment, the thickness of the first light-transmitting plate 11 is greater than the thickness of the second light-transmitting plate 12. Specifically, the first light-transmitting plate 11 preferably uses a thicker transparent sheet and is firmly installed at the opening of the laser welding chamber wall 1 through a circumferential frame or pressure plate structure. It is used to bear the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the welding chamber and the mechanical load transmitted to the chamber wall by the pressure assembly 2, thereby ensuring that the welding chamber still has sufficient strength and rigidity under pressurization, depressurization and long-term operation conditions. The second light-transmitting plate 12 uses a thin sheet of transparent material with a significantly thinner thickness and is set on the side close to the welding space. It is mainly used to protect the front end of the first light-transmitting plate 11 and prevent the smoke, molten droplets and small particles generated during the welding process from directly washing over and adhering to the surface of the first light-transmitting plate 11. Through the above-mentioned thickness difference design, on the one hand, the structural load-bearing function can be concentrated on the first light-transmitting plate 11 to ensure overall safety and reliability; on the other hand, when the second light-transmitting plate 12 needs to be treated due to contamination or damage, only the low-cost thin sheet protective plate needs to be replaced to restore the light transmission performance, without the need to replace the load-bearing light-transmitting plate, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and improve the long-term stability and maintainability of the equipment.

[0041] In one preferred embodiment, the laser welding chamber 1 has a cubic structure, with all four side walls being laser-permeable chamber walls. By adopting an overall cubic shape and arranging the same structure of light-permeable chamber walls on the four side walls, the laser welding chamber 1 has laser incident channels in multiple directions. On the one hand, this facilitates the flexible arrangement of laser beam paths on different sides according to the workpiece structure and weld distribution, enabling combined welding of different welding areas of the same workpiece, and improving the equipment's adaptability to welding processes of multiple varieties and multiple workstations. On the other hand, the cubic structure is conducive to the regular arrangement of internal space and the symmetrical organization of airflow and temperature field. Combined with the air intake and exhaust units 32 of the anti-fouling temperature control component 3, a relatively uniform and predictable flow and temperature distribution can be formed inside the chamber, thereby further improving the stability of the welding environment and the consistency of welding quality.

[0042] In one preferred embodiment, the pressing assembly 2 includes a plurality of clamping members 24 arranged around the workpiece to be welded, and a driving assembly connected to the clamping members 24. Specifically, the laser welding chamber 1 has a support platform inside for supporting the workpiece to be welded. The plurality of clamping members 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference or multiple sides of the workpiece to be welded. Each clamping member 24 has a clamping surface facing the workpiece to be welded. The clamping surface can be set as a plane or an arc surface according to the shape of the workpiece to be welded, so as to adapt to the outer contour of the workpiece to be welded. The clamping members 24 are mounted on the inner wall of the welding chamber or the support structure by mounting bases or sliders, and can reciprocate in the direction pointing to the workpiece to be welded under the drive of the driving assembly, thereby realizing the clamping or releasing and resetting of the workpiece to be welded. The driving assembly is located outside the welding chamber and is connected to the corresponding clamping members 24 by a plurality of driving rods 23. The driving rods 23 pass through through holes provided in the wall of the welding chamber and cooperate with sealing elements to ensure the sealing of the welding chamber. When the drive assembly is working, it drives the drive rod 23 to move synchronously or in groups, thereby driving each clamping member 24 to move towards the object to be welded and applying a pressing force to it, so that the object to be welded maintains a stable position and a tight fit during the welding process; when the welding is completed or the workpiece is loaded or unloaded, the drive assembly drives the drive rod 23 to move in the opposite direction, and the clamping member 24 moves away from the object to be welded, releasing the pressing state, thereby completing the clamping and unlocking operation of the object to be welded.

[0043] In one preferred embodiment, the driving assembly includes a first driving part 21 disposed outside the top wall 13 of the laser welding chamber 1 and a second driving part 22 disposed outside the bottom wall 14 of the laser welding chamber 1, and a driving rod 23 connected to the first driving part 21 and the second driving part 22 and passing through the laser welding chamber 1. The other end of the driving rod 23 is connected to the clamping member 24 for driving the clamping member 24 to position and press the workpiece to be welded. Specifically, the first driving part 21 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate outside the top wall 13 of the laser welding chamber 1, and the second driving part 22 is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate outside the bottom wall 14 of the laser welding chamber 1. The first driving part 21 and the second driving part 22 can be linear driving elements such as cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, or electric push rods, respectively. Each drive unit's output end is rigidly connected to one or more drive rods 23. The drive rods 23 pass vertically through the top wall 13 or bottom wall 14, with through holes at their exit points. Sealing structures such as sealing rings and stuffing boxes are installed between the through holes and the drive rods 23 to maintain the airtightness of the welding chamber during the reciprocating motion of the drive rods 23. One end of the drive rod 23 extending into the laser welding chamber 1 is fixedly or hingedly connected to the corresponding clamping member 24 via a connecting block or hinge seat. When the first drive unit 21 and the second drive unit 22 are activated, the drive rods 23 drive the clamping members 24 in linear motion from the top and bottom directions, respectively, thereby achieving clamping, release, and micro-position adjustment of the workpiece to be welded. Through this structural arrangement, the driving force generated by the drive units located outside the chamber can be reliably transmitted to the clamping members 24 inside the chamber without disrupting the sealed environment of the welding chamber. This allows the pressing assembly 2 to apply a stable and controllable pressing force to the workpiece during welding, ensuring accurate welding position and consistent weld formation.

[0044] In one preferred embodiment, the exhaust vents 34 are provided on the top wall 13 and / or the bottom wall 14. Specifically, the top wall 13 is pre-machined with a plurality of exhaust vents 34 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The exhaust vents 34 are connected to an exhaust manifold located on the outside of the top wall 13 by welding or screwing. The outlet end of the exhaust manifold is connected to an exhaust pipe, which is further connected to the exhaust unit 32 in the anti-fouling and temperature control assembly 3. Similarly, in the case where exhaust is required from top to bottom, the bottom wall 14 can also be provided with exhaust vents 34 and a bottom exhaust manifold with the same structure, and connected to the exhaust unit 32 through a bottom exhaust pipe. The diameter and number of each exhaust vent 34 are determined according to the volume of the welding chamber and the designed exhaust volume. A high-temperature resistant sealing ring is provided around the exhaust vent 34 to ensure that the connection between the exhaust vent 34 and the top wall 13 and the bottom wall 14 is airtight and reliable, preventing leakage or backflow of outside air during the exhaust process. During operation, the exhaust unit 32 extracts gas from the welding chamber through exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust holes 34 of the top wall 13 and / or bottom wall 14. This allows the fumes, volatile decomposition products, and residual heat generated during welding to be drawn into the area of ​​the top wall 13 and / or bottom wall 14 under the guidance of the internal airflow organization. The gases are then promptly discharged outside the chamber through the exhaust holes 34 and the exhaust manifold, thus forming a stable airflow circulation path in conjunction with the intake unit 31 and improving the atmosphere and temperature environment inside the welding chamber.

[0045] In one preferred embodiment, the exhaust hole 34 is disposed on the top wall 13, and the diameter of the exhaust hole 33 gradually decreases from the side near the bottom wall 14 to the side near the top wall 13 along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate 12; so that the side away from the top wall 13 has a larger air volume under the same air supply conditions, thereby compensating for the flow rate attenuation during the migration of the airflow towards the exhaust direction of the top wall 13, and guiding the gas to gather from bottom to top along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate 12 to the exhaust hole 34 area of ​​the top wall 13; Alternatively, the exhaust vent 34 can be located on the bottom wall 14, with the diameter of the vent 33 gradually decreasing from the side near the top wall 13 to the side near the bottom wall 14 along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate 12; this allows the airflow to converge from top to bottom on the inner side of the second light-transmitting plate 12 to the exhaust vent 34 area of ​​the bottom wall 14, achieving a similar directional airflow effect. Alternatively, the exhaust vents 34 can be located on the top wall 13 and the bottom wall 14, with the diameter of the vents 33 gradually decreasing from the middle of the second light-transmitting plate 12 towards the side closer to the top wall 13 and the side closer to the bottom wall 14, respectively, along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate 12. This allows for a larger air volume in the central region, and the airflow can be guided to the exhaust vent 34 areas of the top wall 13 and the bottom wall 14 in both vertical and horizontal directions.

[0046] The above-mentioned gradually changing aperture arrangement can form a directional airflow pointing towards the exhaust hole 34 along the height direction on the inner side of the second light-transmitting plate 12 under all three working conditions. At the same time, it balances the air volume of the vent holes 33 at different height positions, making the airflow distribution near the chamber wall more uniform. This is beneficial for efficiently removing the smoke and heat generated during the welding process from the welding chamber, enhancing the anti-fouling effect of the chamber wall and improving the controllability of the airflow organization.

[0047] In one preferred embodiment, the exhaust port 34 located on the top wall 13 is positioned within the projection of the clamping member 24 onto the top wall 13, and / or the exhaust port 34 located on the bottom wall 14 is positioned within the projection of the clamping member 24 onto the bottom wall 14. Through this arrangement, utilizing the flow diversion and guiding effect of the clamping member 24 and the drive rod 23, the exhaust port 34 can more evenly extract waste gas and waste materials, reducing disturbance to the interior of the laser welding chamber 1. Furthermore, the non-uniform design of the through holes in the second light-transmitting plate 12 allows the airflow to fully act on the workpiece, enabling more efficient temperature control of the workpiece.

[0048] In one preferred embodiment, the laser welding chamber 1 is equipped with a temperature detector, and the air intake unit 31 delivers hot air and / or cold air to the airflow channel 15 based on the detection results of the temperature detector. Specifically, the temperature detector is installed at a representative location inside the laser welding chamber 1 near the workpiece to be welded and / or the welding area, for real-time acquisition of the ambient temperature signal inside the welding chamber, and transmitting the acquired temperature value to a control module connected to the air intake unit 31. The air intake unit 31 includes an air supply pipeline connected to an external air source, and a temperature control device and a flow regulation device installed on the air supply pipeline. The temperature control device can heat or cool the gas from the air source, making it hot air or cold air before sending it into the airflow channel 15.

[0049] In one preferred embodiment, the anti-fouling temperature control component 3 further includes a heating unit disposed inside and / or outside the laser welding chamber 1. The heating unit includes at least one of an infrared heating device, an electric heating film heating device, a PTC ceramic heating device, and a hot plate heating device. These various heating units are connected to an external control circuit via cables and can be activated individually or in combination according to process requirements. They work in conjunction with the hot and / or cold air delivered by the air intake unit 31 to achieve localized compensatory heating or preheating treatment within the laser welding chamber 1 while maintaining overall temperature control. This ensures the anti-fouling effect of the airflow on the chamber wall while further improving the controllability and uniformity of the temperature field in the welding space, meeting the temperature window requirements of different materials and welding conditions. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other modifications and variations to these embodiments. Obviously, the present invention also intends to include such modifications and variations if they fall within the scope of the present invention and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure welding device with anti-fouling and temperature control, characterized in that, It includes a laser welding chamber (1), a pressing assembly (2), and a contamination-proof and temperature-controlled assembly (3); among which, A laser welding chamber (1) is used to place the object to be welded, including at least one laser-transmittable chamber wall and several exhaust holes (34). The chamber wall includes a first light-transmitting plate (11) and a second light-transmitting plate (12) spaced apart along the thickness direction. An airflow channel (15) is formed between the first light-transmitting plate (11) and the second light-transmitting plate (12). The second light-transmitting plate (12) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (33) communicating with the interior of the laser welding chamber (1). Press-fit assembly (2) is used to position the workpiece to be welded and apply press-fit force; The anti-fouling temperature control component (3) includes an air intake unit (31) connected to the airflow channel (15) and an exhaust unit (32) connected to the exhaust port (34), which is used to regulate the temperature of the laser welding chamber (1) and prevent the chamber wall from being contaminated.

2. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first light-transmitting plate (11) is rotatably connected to the laser welding chamber (1) along one of its edges, so as to rotate relative to the laser welding chamber (1) between the closed position and the open position; The second light-transmitting plate (12) is detachably connected to the inner side of the first light-transmitting plate (11).

3. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the first light-transmitting plate (11) is greater than the thickness of the second light-transmitting plate (12).

4. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser welding chamber (1) has a cubic structure, with all four side walls being walls through which the laser can pass.

5. The pressure welding equipment as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The press assembly (2) includes a plurality of clamps (24) arranged around the workpiece to be welded, and a drive assembly connected to the clamps (24).

6. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a first drive unit (21), a second drive unit (22), and a drive rod (23) that is connected to the first drive unit (21) and the second drive unit (22) respectively and passes through the laser welding chamber (1). The other end of the drive rod (23) is connected to the clamping member (24) for driving the clamping member (24) to position and press the workpiece to be welded. The first drive unit (21) is disposed outside the top wall (13) of the laser welding chamber (1); The second drive unit (22) is located outside the bottom wall (14) of the laser welding chamber (1).

7. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The vent (34) is provided on the top wall (13) and / or the bottom wall (14).

8. The press-fit welding equipment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The vent (34) is located on the top wall (13), and along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate (12), the diameter of the vent (33) gradually decreases from the side near the bottom wall (14) to the side near the top wall (13); or The vent (34) is located on the bottom wall (14), and along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate (12), the diameter of the vent (33) gradually decreases from the side near the top wall (13) to the side near the bottom wall (14); or The vent (34) is provided on the top wall (13) and the bottom wall (14). Along the height direction of the second light-transmitting plate (12), the diameter of the vent (33) gradually decreases from the middle part of the second light-transmitting plate (12) towards the side closer to the top wall (13) and the side closer to the bottom wall (14).

9. The pressure welding equipment as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The laser welding chamber (1) is equipped with a temperature detector, and the air intake unit (31) delivers hot air and / or cold air to the airflow channel (15) according to the detection result of the temperature detector.

10. The pressure welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The anti-fouling temperature control component (3) also includes a heating unit disposed inside and / or outside the laser welding chamber (1), the heating unit including at least one of an infrared heating device, an electric heating film heating device, a PTC ceramic heating device, and a hot plate heating device.

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