Range extender, powertrain and vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a range extender, a power assembly and a vehicle, the range extender comprising an engine and an electric machine assembly, the electric machine assembly being arranged side by side with the engine in a first direction, the electric machine assembly comprising an electric generator and an electric machine controller arranged in a second direction, the electric generator being drivingly connected with the engine, the first direction being perpendicular to an axis of the engine, the second direction being parallel to the axis of the engine. In this way, at least the size of the range extender in the direction of the axis of the engine is not additionally increased, so that the structure of the range extender is more compact, and the space occupied by the range extender in the longitudinal direction can be reduced when the engine is longitudinally arranged, and the space occupied by the range extender in the transverse direction can be reduced when the engine is transversely arranged. The electric machine controller and the electric generator are arranged in the second direction parallel to the axis of the engine, so that the electric machine controller and the electric generator jointly utilize the space in the direction of the axis of the engine, and the space utilization can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a range extender, powertrain, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A vehicle range extender typically includes an engine, generator, and motor controller. In related technologies, vehicle range extenders occupy a relatively large amount of space in the vehicle's longitudinal or lateral direction. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a range extender, powertrain, and vehicle that can reduce the space occupied by the range extender in the longitudinal or lateral direction of the vehicle, thereby at least partially solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this disclosure, this disclosure provides a range extender, comprising: Engine; and An electric motor assembly is arranged side-by-side with the engine in a first direction. The electric motor assembly includes a generator and a motor controller arranged in a second direction. The generator is drive-connected to the engine. The first direction is perpendicular to the axis of the engine, and the second direction is parallel to the axis of the engine.

[0005] In this way, the motor assembly and the engine are arranged side-by-side in a first direction perpendicular to the engine's axis, so as not to increase the size of the range extender in the direction of the engine's axis, making the structure of the range extender more compact. For example, when the engine is longitudinally mounted, the space occupied by the range extender in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle can be reduced, and when the engine is transversely mounted, the space occupied by the range extender in the transverse direction of the vehicle can be reduced. In addition, arranging the motor controller and the generator in a second direction parallel to the engine's axis allows the motor controller and the generator to share the space in the direction of the engine's axis, which can further improve space utilization.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the engine has an output end and a free end opposite each other in a second direction, the generator is drive-connected to the output end of the engine, and the motor controller is located in the second direction between the free end of the engine and the generator.

[0007] In this way, the motor controller is located between the free end of the engine and the generator in the second direction, meaning that the motor controller does not protrude from the free end of the engine. This allows the length of the range extender in the direction of the engine axis to be the same as the length of the engine itself in the direction of its own axis. This further reduces the longitudinal space occupied when the engine is mounted longitudinally and reduces the lateral space occupied when the engine is mounted transversely.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the motor assemblies are provided on both sides of the engine opposite each other along a first direction, and the two generators are respectively connected to the output end of the engine.

[0009] In this way, the engine drives two generators, which can add up the peak power of the two generators, thereby obtaining a greater power generation capacity without increasing the spatial dimensions in the first and second directions.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the engine is a V-type engine, the engine includes a cylinder block and at least two sets of cylinders spaced apart along the second direction, the cylinder sets including two cylinders at an angle, and the generator is arranged side by side with the cylinder block and located below the corresponding cylinder.

[0011] In this way, the generator's configuration allows for effective use of the space below the cylinder bank of the V-type engine, improving the integration of the range extender.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the outer side of the generator in the first direction does not exceed the outer side of the cylinder in the first direction.

[0013] In this way, the generator will not increase the space occupied by the range extender in the first direction. For example, when the engine is longitudinally or transversely mounted, the range extender will not increase the space in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the vehicle.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the lowest point of the generator is higher than the lowest point of the engine.

[0015] In this way, the generator will not increase the size of the range extender in the vehicle height direction.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the engine includes a crankshaft, the crankshaft includes a crank pin, the cylinder includes a piston cylinder and a piston disposed in the piston cylinder, and the two pistons of two cylinders in the same group are respectively connected to the same crank pin.

[0017] This allows for a reduction in crankshaft length, which in turn reduces the engine's axial dimensions, thereby minimizing the space occupied by the range extender in the engine's axial direction.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the V-type engine is a four-cylinder engine, the four-cylinder engine including two of the cylinder banks, and the crankshaft including two of the crank pins and three main journals separated by the two crank pins; or, The V-type engine is a six-cylinder engine, which includes three cylinder banks, and the crankshaft includes three crank pins and four main journals separated by the three crank pins.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the axis of the generator is parallel to the axis of the engine, the engine is a V-type engine, and the engine drives the two generators respectively via gear assemblies, the gear assemblies being configured such that the generators and the engine rotate in opposite directions and have a speed ratio of 2:1.

[0020] In this way, the second-order reciprocating inertial force of the engine can be canceled out by two generators that can act as balance shafts, thereby improving NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the gear assembly includes a first gear connected to the output end of the engine and a second gear connected to the generator, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the first gear to the diameter of the second gear is 2.

[0022] In this way, the generator and the engine rotate in opposite directions, and the ratio of the diameter of the first gear to the diameter of the second gear is 2, that is, the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear and the second gear is 2, so that the speed ratio of the generator to the engine is 2:1.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the generator includes a shaft and a counterweight connected to the shaft.

[0024] In this way, the two rotating shafts can act as balance shafts, with a rotation speed twice that of the crankshaft. The counterweight is eccentrically positioned and rotates with the shafts. As a result, the centrifugal force generated when the two shafts rotate will form a resultant torque. The direction of this resultant torque is exactly opposite to the second-order vibration torque of the engine, thereby counteracting the second-order reciprocating inertial force of the engine.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the engine includes a cylinder block, and the generator and / or the motor controller is connected to the cylinder block.

[0026] This allows for a more compact range extender structure and improves the integration of the range extender.

[0027] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a powertrain is provided, including the range extender described above.

[0028] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the powertrain described above.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a V-type four-cylinder engine provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the range extender provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the range extender provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure from another angle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a V-type six-cylinder engine provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Engine; 11. Output end; 12. Free end; 13. Cylinder block; 14. Cylinder assembly; 141. Cylinder; 1411. Piston; 15. Crankshaft; 151. Crank pin; 152. Main journal; 153. Crank; 2. Motor assembly; 21. Generator; 211. Shaft; 212. Counterweight; 22. Motor controller; 3. Gear assembly; 31. First gear; 32. Second gear. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0033] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "front," "rear," "left," and "right" are used with reference to the vehicle in a normal driving state or a state capable of normal driving. For example, "up" and "down" can refer to up and down along the height direction of the vehicle; "front" and "rear" can refer to front and rear along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; and "left" and "right" can refer to left and right along the width direction of the vehicle (or lateral direction). "Inner" and "outer" refer to the interior and exterior of the corresponding component outline; "far" and "near" refer to the distance of the corresponding component relative to another component in spatial position. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance implications. When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0034] According to the first aspect of this disclosure, reference to Figures 1 to 4As shown, this disclosure provides a range extender, including an engine 1 and a motor assembly 2, wherein the motor assembly 2 is arranged side by side with the engine 1 in a first direction, and the motor assembly 2 includes a generator 21 and a motor controller 22 arranged in a second direction. The generator 21 is connected to the engine 1 in a transmission manner. The first direction is perpendicular to the axis of the engine 1, and the second direction is parallel to the axis of the engine 1.

[0035] In related technologies, the engine and generator are coupled to each other along the engine's axial direction. There are various coupling types between the engine and generator, such as direct connection, flexible connection, and speed increaser connection. Among them, direct connection involves directly connecting the generator's rotor structure to the engine's crankshaft with bolts; flexible connection involves installing a torque damper on the engine's crankshaft and connecting the generator to the engine via splines; speed increaser connection involves installing a speed increaser gear on the engine's crankshaft and connecting the generator to the engine via splines.

[0036] Therefore, compared to the coupling type of engine 1 and generator 21 in related technologies, the range extender configuration provided in this application, through the above technical solution, arranges the motor assembly 2 and engine 1 side-by-side in a first direction perpendicular to the axis of engine 1, so as to at least not increase the size of the range extender in the axial direction of engine 1, making the structure of the range extender more compact. For example, when engine 1 is longitudinally mounted, the space occupied by the range extender in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle can be reduced, and when engine 1 is transversely mounted, the space occupied by the range extender in the transverse direction of the vehicle can be reduced. In addition, arranging the motor controller 22 and generator 21 in a second direction parallel to the axis of engine 1 allows the motor controller 22 and generator 21 to share the space in the direction of the axis of engine 1, which can further improve the space utilization rate.

[0037] In some exemplary application scenarios, this range extender can be used in range-extended electric vehicles, where the engine 1 does not directly drive the wheels but is used to generate electricity for the generator 21. The motor controller 22 is responsible for precisely controlling the operation of the generator 21. It receives instructions from the vehicle control system and adjusts the parameters of the generator 21 according to the vehicle's driving status and needs. The motor controller 22 and the generator 21 can be connected via a high-speed data transmission line. The aforementioned arrangement of the motor controller 22 shortens the length of the high-speed data transmission line, optimizes the wiring layout, and ensures fast and accurate transmission of control signals.

[0038] It is understood that engine 1 can be longitudinally or transversely mounted. For example, when engine 1 is transversely mounted, the axis of engine 1 is in the left-right direction of the vehicle (lateral), that is, the first direction is in the front-back direction of the vehicle (longitudinal), and the second direction is in the left-right direction of the vehicle (lateral); when engine 1 is longitudinally mounted, the axis of engine 1 is in the front-back direction of the vehicle (longitudinal), that is, the first direction is in the left-right direction of the vehicle (lateral), and the second direction is in the front-back direction of the vehicle (lateral).

[0039] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 As shown, engine 1 has an output end 11 and a free end 12 opposite each other along a second direction, and generator 21 is drivenly connected to the output end 11 of engine 1. Thus, generator 21 is drivenly connected to engine 1 for power generation by generator 21. As described above, generator 21 and engine 1 are arranged side-by-side in the first direction, and therefore generator 21 and engine 1 can be connected by gear assembly 3. Exemplarily, gear assembly 3 may include a first gear 31 connected to the output end 11 of engine 1 and a second gear 32 connected to generator 21, the first gear 31 and the second gear 32 being meshed for transmission. The second gear 32 may be connected to the rotating shaft 211 of generator 21. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0040] Furthermore, the motor controller 22 is located between the free end 12 of the engine 1 and the generator 21 in the second direction. In this way, the motor controller 22 is located between the free end of the engine 1 and the generator 21 in the second direction, meaning that the motor controller 22 does not protrude from the free end of the engine 1. This allows the length of the range extender in the axial direction of the engine 1 to be the same as the length of the engine 1 in its own axis. This further reduces the longitudinal space occupied when the engine 1 is longitudinally mounted and reduces the lateral space occupied when the engine 1 is transversely mounted.

[0041] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, motor assemblies 2 are provided on both sides of the engine 1 along the first direction, and two generators 21 are respectively connected to the output end 11 of the engine 1.

[0042] In this way, the engine 1 drives two generators 21, which allows the peak power of the two generators 21 to be added together, thereby obtaining a larger power generation without increasing the spatial dimensions in the first and second directions. This provides more flexibility in the selection of the engine 1.

[0043] Furthermore, it is understood that engine 1 can be an inline L-type engine 1 or a V-type engine.

[0044] When engine 1 is a V-type engine, the two generators 21 can be considered as balance shafts of engine 1 to counteract the second-order reciprocating inertial force of engine 1. It can be understood that the reciprocating inertial force is the inertial force generated by the periodic changes in velocity and acceleration of reciprocating components such as piston 1411 in engine 1. Specifically, the first-order reciprocating inertial force is caused by the periodic acceleration and deceleration of piston 1411 during its reciprocating motion, with a frequency the same as the crankshaft 15 rotational speed. The second-order reciprocating inertial force is caused by the nonlinear characteristics of piston 1411's motion, with a frequency twice that of crankshaft 15 rotational speed.

[0045] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the engine 1 includes a crankshaft 15, which, exemplarily, has cranks 153 arranged at 180°, and a counterweight is provided on the crankshaft 15 to counteract the first-order reciprocating inertial force of the engine 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the axis of generator 21 is parallel to the axis of engine 1. Engine 1 drives two generators 21 respectively via gear assembly 3. Gear assembly 3 is configured such that the rotation direction of generator 21 is opposite to that of engine 1 and the speed ratio is 2:1. In this way, the second-order reciprocating inertial force of engine 1 can be canceled out by the two generators 21 acting as balance shafts, thereby improving NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance.

[0047] For example, the gear assembly 3 may include a first gear 31 connected to the output end 11 of the engine 1 and a second gear 32 connected to the generator 21. The second gear 32 may be connected to the rotating shaft 211 of the generator 21. Thus, the rotation of the first gear 31 engages with the rotation of the second gear 32. The first gear 31 and the second gear 32 rotate in opposite directions, so the generator 21 and the engine 1 rotate in opposite directions. Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the first gear 31 to the diameter of the second gear 32 is 2, so that the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear 31 to the number of teeth of the second gear 32 is 2, resulting in a speed ratio of 2:1 between the generator 21 and the engine 1.

[0048] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the generator 21 includes a rotating shaft 211 and a counterweight 212 connected to the rotating shaft 211. Thus, the two rotating shafts 211 act as balance shafts, rotating at twice the speed of the crankshaft 15. The counterweight 212 is eccentrically positioned and rotates with the rotating shafts 211. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the two rotating shafts 211 forms a resultant torque, the direction of which is exactly opposite to the second-order vibration torque of the engine 1, thereby counteracting the second-order reciprocating inertial force of the engine 1. Exemplarily, the counterweight 212 can be located at the end of the rotating shaft 211, i.e., the end of the rotating shaft 211 closest to the motor controller 22. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0049] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, engine 1 can be a V-type engine, comprising a cylinder block 13 and at least two sets of cylinder banks 14 spaced apart along a second direction, each set of cylinder banks 14 including two cylinders 141 at an angle. This V-type configuration of engine 1 reduces its longitudinal dimensions within the vehicle. It is understood that, compared to an inline L-type engine 1, the angled cylinders 141 in a V-type engine also reduce its vertical dimensions. Furthermore, the reciprocating inertial forces of the two angled sets of cylinders 141 create an "angle difference," which can be partially or completely canceled out using the principle of vector composition, fundamentally optimizing the balance of engine 1.

[0050] For example, the included angle between the two cylinders 141 can be 90°, 60°, etc., and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0051] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the generator 21 is arranged side-by-side with the cylinder block 13 and located below the corresponding cylinder 141. The outermost edge of the generator 21 in the first direction does not exceed the outermost edge of the cylinder 141 in the first direction. This can also be understood as the distance between the outermost edge of the generator 21 in the first direction and the vertical plane containing the axis of the engine 1 being less than the distance between the outermost edge of the cylinder 141 in the first direction and the vertical plane containing the axis of the engine 1. In this way, the generator 21 does not additionally increase the space occupied by the range extender in the first direction. For example, when the engine 1 is longitudinally or transversely mounted, the range extender does not additionally increase the space in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the vehicle. Here, the outermost edge refers to the side of the generator 21 and cylinder 141 away from the cylinder block 13.

[0052] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the lowest point of generator 21 is higher than the lowest point of engine 1. This ensures that generator 21 does not additionally increase the size of engine 1 in the vehicle's height direction. Therefore, in conjunction with the above description, the arrangement of generator 21 effectively utilizes the space below V-type engine cylinder 141, improving the integration of the range extender.

[0053] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, engine 1 is a V-type engine. Engine 1 includes a crankshaft 15, which includes a crank pin 151. Cylinder 141 includes a piston cylinder and a piston 1411 disposed within the piston cylinder. The two pistons 1411 of two cylinders 141 in the same group are respectively connected to the same crank pin 151. In this way, the length of crankshaft 15 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of engine 1 in the axial direction, so as to reduce the space occupied by the range extender in the axial direction of the engine.

[0054] Understandably, the crankshaft 15 also includes a crank 153, with a crank pin 151 connected to the crank 153. A counterweight is provided on the crank 153 to balance the unbalanced centrifugal torque and first-order reciprocating inertial force of the engine 1.

[0055] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 As shown, this disclosure exemplarily constructs a V-type engine as a four-cylinder engine, wherein the four-cylinder engine includes two cylinder banks 14, and the crankshaft 15 includes two crank pins 151 and three main journals 152 separated by the two crank pins 151. Thus, the two cylinder banks 14 are connected one-to-one to the two crank pins 151. Exemplarily, the included angle between the two cylinders 141 in the same bank is 90°, and the two pistons 1411 on the same crank pin 151 move in opposite directions, i.e., when one moves upward, the other moves downward. At this time, the first-order reciprocating inertial forces generated by the two pistons are opposite in direction and equal in magnitude, and can be directly internally canceled within the rotation plane of the crankshaft 15. For the second-order reciprocating inertial force, this paired motion can also vectorally cancel the angle between the two cylinders 141, further reducing unbalanced vibration.

[0056] Understandably, reference Figure 4 As shown, the V-type engine can also be configured as a six-cylinder engine, wherein the six-cylinder engine includes three cylinder banks 14, and the crankshaft 15 includes three crank pins 151 and four main journals 152 separated by the three crank pins 151. This disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0057] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the engine 1 includes a cylinder block 13, and a generator 21 and / or a motor controller 22 are connected to the cylinder block 13. This allows for a more compact range extender structure and improves the integration of the range extender. The generator 21 and the motor controller 22 can be housed together in a housing, which can be connected to the cylinder block 13 and can be integrally formed with the cylinder block 13. Exemplarily, the housing may include a body and a removable cover. After the cover is removed, the generator 21 and the motor controller 22 can be installed together in a receiving space within the body, and then the cover closes the receiving space. It is understood that the cover can be connected to the body by means of, for example, bolts or snap-fit ​​connections, and this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0058] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a powertrain is provided, including the aforementioned range extender. This powertrain possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned range extender, which will not be elaborated further herein. Furthermore, the powertrain may also include a drive motor and a transmission mechanism, wherein the motor controller 22 can also be used to control the drive motor. In this way, the engine 1 transmits power to the generator 21, the generator 21 generates electricity, and the power output of the drive motor is regulated and controlled by the motor controller 22. The drive motor converts electrical energy into kinetic energy, which is then transmitted to the half-shafts via the transmission mechanism, and subsequently to the wheels to drive the vehicle.

[0059] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the powertrain described above. The vehicle possesses all the beneficial effects of the powertrain described above, which will not be elaborated further herein. Exemplarily, the vehicle may be a range-extended electric vehicle.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0061] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0062] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A range extender, characterized in that, include: engine; as well as An electric motor assembly is arranged side-by-side with the engine in a first direction. The electric motor assembly includes a generator and a motor controller arranged in a second direction. The generator is drive-connected to the engine. The first direction is perpendicular to the axis of the engine, and the second direction is parallel to the axis of the engine.

2. The range extender according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine has an output end and a free end opposite each other in a second direction, the generator is driven to the output end of the engine, and the motor controller is located between the free end of the engine and the generator in the second direction.

3. The range extender according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor assembly is provided on both sides of the engine along the first direction, and the two generators are respectively connected to the output end of the engine.

4. The range extender according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The engine is a V-type engine, which includes a cylinder block and at least two sets of cylinders arranged at intervals along the second direction. Each cylinder set includes two cylinders at an angle to each other. The generator is arranged side by side with the cylinder block and located below the corresponding cylinder.

5. The range extender according to claim 4, characterized in that, The generator is located outside the cylinder in the first direction, not exceeding the outer side of the cylinder in the first direction.

6. The range extender according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lowest point of the generator is higher than the lowest point of the engine.

7. The range extender according to claim 4, characterized in that, The engine includes a crankshaft, the crankshaft includes a crank pin, the cylinder includes a piston cylinder and a piston disposed in the piston cylinder, and the two pistons of two cylinders in the same group are respectively connected to the same crank pin.

8. The range extender according to claim 7, characterized in that, The V-type engine is a four-cylinder engine, which includes two cylinder banks, and the crankshaft includes two crankpins and three main journals separated by the two crankpins; or... The V-type engine is a six-cylinder engine, which includes three cylinder banks, and the crankshaft includes three crank pins and four main journals separated by the three crank pins.

9. The range extender according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axis of the generator is parallel to the axis of the engine. The engine is a V-type engine. The engine drives the two generators respectively through a gear assembly. The gear assembly is constructed such that the generators and the engine rotate in opposite directions and have a speed ratio of 2:

1.

10. The range extender according to claim 9, characterized in that, The gear assembly includes a first gear connected to the output end of the engine and a second gear connected to the generator, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the first gear to the diameter of the second gear is 2.

11. The range extender according to claim 9, characterized in that, The generator includes a shaft and a counterweight connected to the shaft.

12. The range extender according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine includes a cylinder block, and the generator and / or the motor controller are connected to the cylinder block.

13. A powertrain, characterized in that, Includes the range extender as described in any one of claims 1-12.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the powertrain as described in claim 13.

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