Coal railway freight car thawing device and railway freight car

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coal railway freight car thawing device and railway freight car, a coal railway freight car thawing device and railway freight car, a coal railway freight car thawing device includes carriage, fixed mechanism, heating mechanism and discharging mechanism, and heating mechanism includes thawing pipeline and steam supply subassembly, this thawing device provides stable high temperature steam source for thawing pipeline through steam supply subassembly, thawing pipeline realizes the uniform heating melting of frozen coal in the carriage, and the steam is ensured full contact with coal through the ventilation hole, then realizes the rapid discharge of thawed coal through the discharging mechanism, the whole device structure is simple and reliable, can adapt to the installation demand of different car types, effectively solves the freezing problem in the process of coal transportation in winter, and greatly improves the unloading efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of natural gas equipment technology, and in particular to a coal railway freight car thawing device and a railway freight car. Background Technology

[0002] Coal railcars, as one of the main types of equipment for coal transportation, have advantages such as low freight costs, high transportation efficiency, and large transport capacity, and are also one of the main routes for coal transportation in my country. China's main coal-producing areas are concentrated in northern China. To prevent spontaneous combustion of coal, a certain amount of moisture needs to be sprayed during transportation to ensure safety.

[0003] However, the low winter temperatures in the north make coal freezing a common occurrence. Existing main coal railway freight cars are all metal structures, which makes them more susceptible to coal freezing on the windward side. Moreover, the coal usually freezes around the sides and bottom of the cars, making it difficult to unload the coal smoothly at the station.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thawing device that can quickly thaw coal inside the car to solve the problem of coal freezing and being unable to be unloaded smoothly at the station. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a coal railway freight car thawing device and a railway freight car, which is used to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a coal railway freight car thawing device, comprising: car; A fixing mechanism, which is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the carriage; The heating mechanism includes a defrosting pipeline and a steam supply assembly. The defrosting pipeline is detachably connected to the fixing mechanism. The defrosting pipeline and the steam supply assembly are connected by a pipe. The defrosting pipeline has multiple vent holes evenly distributed on it. The steam supply assembly is used to introduce high-temperature steam into the defrosting pipeline. The high-temperature steam can contact the coal in the railway freight car through the vent holes to melt the coal frozen in the railway freight car. A feeding mechanism is provided at the bottom of the carriage, and the feeding mechanism can control the opening or closing of the feeding port at the bottom of the carriage.

[0007] In one embodiment, the defrosting pipeline includes a plurality of U-shaped tubes respectively covering the inner wall or bottom of the carriage, and the plurality of U-shaped tubes are interconnected to form a serpentine structure.

[0008] In one embodiment, a composite protection mechanism is provided between the thawing pipeline and the coal. The composite protection mechanism includes an outer wear-resistant protective mesh, a middle heat-conducting layer, and an inner fixing base plate arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The fixing base plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the thawing pipeline on the side closest to the coal.

[0009] In one embodiment, the steam supply assembly includes a steam generating unit and a buffer tank. The steam generating unit is used to generate steam and is connected to the buffer tank via a pipeline. The buffer tank is connected to the defrosting pipeline. The buffer tank is equipped with a control component for adjusting the temperature and pressure of the steam inside the buffer tank.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes multiple fixing plates and multiple fixing seats. Each fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the carriage, and each fixing seat is fixed to the fixing plate. The defrosting pipeline is detachably connected to each fixing seat.

[0011] In one embodiment, the unloading mechanism includes a drive component, a rotating shaft, and a gate. The drive component is fixed outside the carriage, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive component, and the gate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The drive component can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the gate opens or closes the unloading port at the bottom of the carriage.

[0012] In one embodiment, a drainage mechanism is also included, comprising a guide channel and a drain outlet. The guide channel is welded to the bottom of the carriage, and the drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the guide channel. A filter screen is provided on the drain outlet, and the drain outlet is connected to a drain pipe. An antifreeze valve is provided at the end of the drain pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment, a ventilation system is also included, comprising an air intake assembly and an air exhaust assembly. The air intake assembly is disposed in parallel with the defrosting pipe on the inner wall of the carriage, the air intake assembly being used to blow air into the carriage, and the air exhaust assembly being disposed on the top of the carriage, the air exhaust assembly being used to exhaust air from the carriage.

[0014] In one embodiment, an insulation layer is provided between the carriage and the defrosting pipeline.

[0015] Secondly, this utility model also provides a railway freight car, including the aforementioned coal railway thawing device, and also including a car body, with the car body fixed to the car body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are that the embodiments of this application provide a coal railway freight car thawing device and a railway freight car. The coal railway freight car thawing device includes a car body, a fixing mechanism, a heating mechanism, and a feeding mechanism. The heating mechanism includes a thawing pipeline and a steam supply component. The thawing device provides a stable high-temperature steam source to the thawing pipeline through the steam supply component. The thawing pipeline realizes uniform heating and melting of frozen coal in the car body. By opening vent holes, it ensures that the steam and coal are in full contact. Then, the feeding mechanism realizes the rapid unloading of the thawed coal. The entire device has a simple and reliable structure, can adapt to the installation requirements of different car models, effectively solves the freezing problem in the process of coal transportation in winter, and greatly improves the unloading efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heating mechanism of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car and unloading mechanism of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a side view of a coal railway freight car thawing device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure label: 1. Train carriage; 2. Fixing mechanism; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Fixing base; 3. Heating mechanism; 31. Defrost piping; 32. Steam supply assembly; 321. Steam generating unit; 322. Buffer tank; 323. Control components; 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Gate; 5. Composite protection mechanism; 6. Ventilation system. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" appearing to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable. The specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a joint; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Firstly, see Figures 1-4 An embodiment of this application provides a coal railway freight car thawing device, including a car body 1, a fixing mechanism 2, a heating mechanism 3, and a feeding mechanism 4; the fixing mechanism 2 is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the car body 1; the heating mechanism 3 includes a thawing pipe 31 and a steam supply component 32, the thawing pipe 31 is detachably connected to the fixing mechanism 2, the thawing pipe 31 and the steam supply component 32 are connected by a pipe, a plurality of vent holes are evenly opened on the thawing pipe 31, the steam supply component 32 is used to introduce high-temperature steam into the thawing pipe 31, the high-temperature steam can contact the coal in the railway freight car 1 through the vent holes to melt the coal frozen in the railway freight car 1; the feeding mechanism 4 is set at the bottom of the car body 1, and the feeding mechanism can control the opening or closing of the feeding port at the bottom of the car body 1.

[0034] The coal railway freight car thawing device provided in this application embodiment provides a stable high-temperature steam source to the thawing pipeline 31 through the steam supply component 32. The thawing pipeline 31 realizes uniform heating and melting of frozen coal in the car 1, and ensures full contact between steam and coal by opening vent holes. Then, the unloading mechanism 4 realizes rapid unloading of the thawed coal. The entire device has a simple and reliable structure, can adapt to the installation requirements of different car models, effectively solves the freezing problem in the process of coal transportation in winter, and greatly improves unloading efficiency.

[0035] In addition, by setting the fixing mechanism 2, the fixing effect of the thawing pipeline can be greatly improved, thereby ensuring the stability of the thawing pipeline 31 during operation and preventing the thawing pipeline 31 from detaching from the carriage 1 due to excessive steam pressure or shaking of the carriage 1, which would cause damage to the thawing pipeline 31.

[0036] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments, the defrosting pipeline 31 includes multiple U-shaped tubes that cover the inner wall or bottom of the carriage, and the multiple U-shaped tubes are connected to each other to form a serpentine structure.

[0037] By arranging the U-shaped tubes in a serpentine manner, the contact area between steam and frozen coal can be increased, allowing high-temperature steam to penetrate evenly into the frozen coal layer in all parts of the carriage 1, achieving a rapid and comprehensive thawing effect. At the same time, the U-shaped tube structure is easy to install and disassemble, and can adapt to the space requirements of carriages 1 of different sizes.

[0038] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, a composite protection mechanism 5 is provided between the thawing pipeline 31 and the coal. The composite protection mechanism 5 includes an outer wear-resistant protective mesh, a middle heat-conducting layer and an inner fixing base plate arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The fixing base plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the thawing pipeline 31 on the side close to the coal.

[0039] First, the precise mesh design of the outer wear-resistant protective net effectively prevents coal particles from clogging the vents while ensuring uniform steam diffusion, allowing the protective net to maintain good permeability during long-term use.

[0040] Secondly, the optimized design of the intermediate heat-conducting layer enables efficient heat transfer, allowing steam heat to be quickly and evenly transferred to the frozen coal seam, avoiding localized overheating or uneven thawing. In the embodiments of this application, the intermediate heat-conducting layer adopts a structure of high thermal conductivity composite material combined with micro heat dissipation fins.

[0041] Furthermore, the structural design of the inner fixing substrate ensures the stable installation and convenient maintenance of the entire protective assembly. The inner fixing substrate is detachably connected to the defrosting pipeline 31 using a quick-clamping mechanism, which greatly simplifies the disassembly and assembly process. On the one hand, it effectively prevents steam leakage, and on the other hand, it ensures the structural reliability of the assembly under vibration.

[0042] In addition, the composite protection mechanism 5, through the synergistic effect of its multi-layer structure, not only protects the thawing pipeline 31 from coal abrasion, but also optimizes heat transfer efficiency and facilitates maintenance, significantly improving the overall performance and reliability of the thawing device. It effectively solves the technical problems of traditional thawing devices such as easy clogging, low thermal efficiency, and difficult maintenance.

[0043] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in some embodiments, the steam supply assembly 32 includes a steam generating unit 321 and a buffer tank 322. The steam generating unit 321 is used to generate steam. The steam generating unit 321 and the buffer tank 322 are connected through a pipeline. The buffer tank 322 is connected to the defrosting pipeline 31. A control element 323 is provided on the buffer tank 322. The control element 323 is used to adjust the temperature and pressure of the steam in the buffer tank 322.

[0044] High-temperature steam is continuously generated by the steam generating unit 321 and then transported to the buffer tank 322 through the pipeline for pressure stabilization. The internal structure of the buffer tank 322 makes the steam temperature and pressure tend to be balanced. The control unit 323 installed on the buffer tank 322 can precisely adjust the output steam parameters to ensure that the steam entering the defrosting pipeline 31 maintains a suitable temperature and pressure.

[0045] Furthermore, through a three-stage process of steam generation, buffering and pressure stabilization, and precise control, a stable, uniform, and parameter-controllable steam source is provided for the thawing pipeline 31. This ensures thawing efficiency while avoiding the impact of steam fluctuations on the thawing effect. At the same time, the pressure stabilization effect of the buffer tank 322 reduces the load fluctuation of the steam generation unit 321, extends the service life of the equipment, and makes the entire set of equipment operate stably and reliably, adapting to the working conditions of different ambient temperatures and coal freezing degrees.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the fixing mechanism 2 includes multiple fixing plates 21 and multiple fixing seats 22. Each fixing plate 21 is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the carriage 1, and the multiple fixing seats 22 are all fixed to the fixing plates 21. The defrosting pipes 31 are detachably connected to each fixing seat 22.

[0047] The fixing plate 21 is fixed to the inner wall and bottom of the carriage 1 by a high-strength connection method to form a stable load-bearing base; multiple fixing seats 22 are arranged at intervals on the fixing plate 21, each fixing seat 22 is equipped with a quick locking structure, and a rotary buckle combined with an elastic pre-tightening mechanism is used to form a reliable connection with the outer wall of the defrosting pipe 31.

[0048] The overall installation structure of the fixing plate 21 ensures the vibration resistance of the entire thawing device during train operation. In addition, the fixing seat 22 adopts an elastic locking design to provide sufficient restraint and allow adaptive adjustment when the pipeline expands and contracts with heat. The quick connection mechanism enables convenient installation and easy disassembly when not in use. Furthermore, all structural components in this embodiment are made of weathering steel and have undergone special anti-corrosion treatment, which is suitable for the harsh environment of high humidity and high dust in coal transportation. This makes the entire mechanism significantly improve the maintainability and environmental adaptability of the equipment while ensuring the reliability of the thawing operation.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the feeding mechanism 4 includes a drive member, a rotating shaft, and a gate 41. The drive member is fixed outside the carriage 1, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive member, and the gate 41 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The drive member can drive the rotating shaft to rotate so that the gate 41 opens or closes the feeding port at the bottom of the carriage 1.

[0050] The drive unit is fixed to the outside of the carriage 1 by a mounting base. The two ends of the rotating shaft are supported by bearings and connected to the output end of the drive unit. The gate 41 is connected to the rotating shaft by bolts. This mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the drive unit, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the gate 41 to achieve precise opening and closing control of the discharge port.

[0051] In addition, the gate 41 is equipped with a sealing strip on its edge, which can achieve a complete seal when the feed port is closed to prevent coal leakage. The rotating shaft adopts a hollow structure and is equipped with a signal feedback unit inside, which can monitor the position status of the gate 41 in real time, thereby achieving precise control of the gate 41. Furthermore, the drive component is equipped with an overload protection device, which automatically cuts off the power output when encountering abnormal resistance, protecting the mechanism from damage and avoiding damage to components due to overload. The entire feeding mechanism 4 combines mechanical transmission and intelligent control, which not only ensures reliable operation when unloading coal under heavy load, but also achieves precise flow control.

[0052] In some embodiments, the coal railway freight car thawing device further includes a drainage mechanism, which includes a guide channel and a drain outlet. The guide channel is fixed to the bottom of the car 1, the drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the guide channel, a filter screen is provided on the drain outlet, the drain outlet is connected to a drain pipe, and an antifreeze valve is provided at the end of the drain pipe.

[0053] The flow guide channel, with its V-shaped cross-section design, is welded to the bottom of the carriage 1, ensuring that meltwater generated during thawing quickly collects at the drain outlet and flows out. The drain outlet contains a built-in stepped filter screen to effectively intercept impurities such as coal slag, preventing blockage of the drainage pipes. Furthermore, the lowest point of the flow guide channel is the lowest point of the V-shaped cross-section, which is also the lowest point along the vertical direction.

[0054] The drain pipe is made of low-temperature resistant material and has an electric heating wire installed inside the pipe wall. It automatically activates anti-freeze protection in low-temperature environments. The anti-freeze valve is a pressure balancing valve that can automatically drain residual water in the pipe after drainage is completed, preventing valve failure caused by residual water freezing.

[0055] The entire drainage system utilizes multiple technologies, including flow guidance, filtration, and antifreeze, to ensure that meltwater generated during the thawing process can be discharged from the carriage 1 in a timely manner. It also effectively solves the technical problem of easy freezing and blockage of the drainage system in cold environments. At the same time, it achieves energy-saving operation through an intelligent temperature control system, significantly improving the reliability of the thawing device under severe winter conditions.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the coal railway freight car thawing device further includes a ventilation system 6, which includes an air intake component and an air exhaust component. The air intake component is arranged in parallel with the thawing pipeline on the inner wall of the car 1. The air intake component is used to blow air into the car 1. The air exhaust component is arranged on the top of the car 1 and is used to exhaust air from the car 1.

[0057] Through the coordinated action of the air intake and exhaust components, directional air circulation and humidity regulation are achieved within the carriage 1. The air intake component is arranged in parallel with the defrosting pipeline, which introduces external air evenly into the carriage 1 through the air duct to promote steam diffusion and reduce humidity. The exhaust component adopts the principle of negative pressure suction, which forces the hot and humid air out of the carriage through the fan installed at the top, thereby forming a stable airflow circulation path.

[0058] The ventilation system 6 effectively solves the technical problems of uneven steam distribution and moisture accumulation in the traditional thawing process by dynamically balancing the intake and exhaust air. It ensures that the thawing steam can fully penetrate into the frozen coal layer and avoids secondary icing caused by excessive humidity.

[0059] In this embodiment, the air intake assembly is equipped with an air filter to prevent coal dust from entering the system. The exhaust assembly adopts an anti-backflow design to ensure stable exhaust performance during train operation.

[0060] In some embodiments, an insulation layer is provided between the carriage 1 and the defrosting pipeline.

[0061] The insulation layer installed between the carriage 1 and the thawing pipeline achieves multiple technical benefits. Through both physical insulation and heat reflection, the insulation layer significantly reduces heat loss during the thawing process, ensuring that steam heat is concentrated on the frozen coal layer and improving thermal efficiency. This insulation layer design not only enhances thawing efficiency but also reduces energy consumption, enabling the thawing device to maintain stable operating performance even in frigid environments.

[0062] Secondly, one embodiment of this application also provides a railway freight car, including the aforementioned coal railway thawing device, and also including a car body, with the carriage 1 fixed to the car body.

[0063] This application provides a railway freight car that integrates a coal railway thawing device into its body structure, achieving an integrated design of transportation and thawing functions. The carriage 1 of the thawing device is fixed to the main beam of the carriage through a high-strength connecting mechanism, forming a stable load-bearing system to ensure structural reliability during train operation. Furthermore, the thawing pipeline system 31 is optimally arranged along the inner wall of the carriage 1, achieving full coverage without affecting the cargo loading space. This railway freight car, through the combination of the transport carrier and the thawing equipment, enables the railway freight car to have autonomous thawing capabilities, effectively solving the problems of coal freezing and unloading difficulties in traditional transportation. This significantly improves the transportation efficiency of railway freight cars in cold regions, reduces the number of thawing operations at stations, and achieves full-process optimization from transportation to unloading.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coal railway freight car thawing device, characterized in that, include: car; A fixing mechanism, which is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the carriage; The heating mechanism includes a defrosting pipeline and a steam supply assembly. The defrosting pipeline is detachably connected to the fixing mechanism. The defrosting pipeline and the steam supply assembly are connected by a pipe. The defrosting pipeline has multiple vent holes evenly distributed on it. The steam supply assembly is used to introduce high-temperature steam into the defrosting pipeline. The high-temperature steam can contact the coal in the railway freight car through the vent holes to melt the coal frozen in the railway freight car. A feeding mechanism is provided at the bottom of the carriage, and the feeding mechanism can control the opening or closing of the feeding port at the bottom of the carriage.

2. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The defrosting pipeline includes multiple U-shaped tubes that cover the inner wall or bottom of the carriage, and the multiple U-shaped tubes are connected to each other to form a serpentine structure.

3. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A composite protection mechanism is provided between the thawing pipeline and the coal. The composite protection mechanism includes an outer wear-resistant protective mesh, a middle heat-conducting layer and an inner fixing base plate arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The fixing base plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the thawing pipeline on the side close to the coal.

4. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam supply assembly includes a steam generating unit and a buffer tank. The steam generating unit is used to generate steam. The steam generating unit is connected to the buffer tank through a pipeline. The buffer tank is connected to the defrosting pipeline. The buffer tank is equipped with a control component for adjusting the temperature and pressure of the steam in the buffer tank.

5. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism includes multiple fixing plates and multiple fixing seats. Each fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall or bottom of the carriage, and each fixing seat is fixed to the fixing plate. The defrosting pipeline is detachably connected to each fixing seat.

6. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a drive component, a rotating shaft, and a gate. The drive component is fixed outside the carriage, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive component, and the gate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The drive component can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the gate opens or closes the feeding port at the bottom of the carriage.

7. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drainage mechanism, which includes a guide channel and a drain outlet. The guide channel is fixed to the bottom of the carriage, and the drain outlet is located at the lowest point of the guide channel. A filter screen is installed on the drain outlet, and the drain outlet is connected to a drain pipe. An antifreeze valve is installed at the end of the drain pipe.

8. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a ventilation system, which includes an air intake component and an air exhaust component. The air intake component is arranged in parallel with the defrosting pipe on the inner wall of the carriage. The air intake component is used to blow air into the carriage. The air exhaust component is arranged on the top of the carriage and is used to exhaust air from the carriage.

9. The coal railway freight car thawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An insulation layer is provided between the carriage and the defrosting pipeline.

10. A railway freight car, characterized in that, The device includes a coal railway freight car thawing device as described in any one of claims 1-9, and also includes a car body, wherein the car is fixed to the car body.

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