Telescopic mechanism, fork arm and fork truck

Abstract

The application provides a telescopic mechanism, a fork arm and a forklift, and relates to the technical field of goods carrying. The telescopic mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a guide shaft, two support plates and a driving device. The mounting seat is used for fixedly connecting with the fork arm. The guide shaft is fixedly connected with the mounting seat and extends along a first direction. The two support plates are movably connected with the guide shaft along the first direction, and the two support plates are oppositely arranged along the first direction. The driving device is arranged on the mounting seat, and the driving device is drivingly connected with the two support plates. The driving device is used for driving the two support plates to move in the direction of moving away from each other or moving close to each other along the first direction. When the two support plates move away from each other to the maximum distance, the distance between the sides, which are away from each other, of the two support plates along the first direction is greater than the size of the fork arm along the first direction. The telescopic mechanism provided by the application can improve the stability of the forklift carrying operation and improve the applicability of the forklift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of goods handling technology, and in particular to a telescopic mechanism, a fork arm, and a forklift. Background Technology

[0002] Forklifts are widely used in logistics and warehousing, and their fork arm structure is crucial for ensuring the stability of handling operations. For space-constrained applications (such as narrow aisles), forklifts with narrow fork arms have an advantage due to their compact size. However, the width design of narrow fork arms must meet the requirements for entering the pallet fork holes (i.e., adapting to the "safe fork entry width"), which usually results in the effective working width of the fork arm being significantly smaller than the overall outer width of the pallet being handled (i.e., the width of the cargo support surface).

[0003] In this situation, the contact point between the forklift and the pallet is mainly limited to the area near the end of the forklift, resulting in a small contact area and excessively narrow spacing between support points. This makes it difficult to effectively balance the lateral forces or moments acting on the pallet and goods during handling (especially during turning, acceleration, braking, or on uneven surfaces). This can easily lead to uneven distribution of support forces, shift in the center of gravity, and ultimately, tipping over, thus limiting the application of narrow-body forklifts in the stable handling of large or high-center-of-gravity goods. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a telescopic mechanism, a fork arm, and a forklift. The telescopic mechanism can improve the stability of forklift handling operations, thereby improving the applicability of the forklift.

[0005] This utility model embodiment provides a telescopic mechanism for the fork arm of a forklift;

[0006] The telescopic mechanism includes:

[0007] Mounting bracket for fixed connection with the fork arm;

[0008] A guide shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the guide shaft extends along a first direction;

[0009] Both support plates are movably connected to the guide shaft along the first direction, and the two support plates are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction;

[0010] A driving device, mounted on the mounting base, is driven to both support plates. The driving device drives the two support plates to move along a first direction, either moving them away from or towards each other.

[0011] When the two support plates are far apart to their maximum distance, in the first direction, the distance between the opposite sides of the two support plates is greater than the dimension of the fork arm in the first direction.

[0012] The telescopic mechanism provided in this application embodiment can increase the coverage area of ​​the two support plates in the first direction by driving them to move away from each other. When the two support plates move closer to each other, the coverage area can be reduced. When this telescopic mechanism is installed on the fork arm, and the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the fork arm, the width of the fork arm can be expanded by driving the two support plates. In this way, the support portion can increase the contact area between the fork arm and the object being transported, and provide additional support for the object being transported, thereby improving load performance, improving the stability of the object being transported on the fork arm, preventing the object from tipping over during transport, improving operational safety, and improving the applicability of the forklift.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism does not increase the width of the fork arm when the two support plates are retracted, thereby improving the utilization rate of handling space. In other words, the fork arm can adapt to smaller handling spaces, thus broadening its application scenarios and enhancing its versatility. In addition, the telescopic mechanism has a simple structure, low cost, compact layout, and small space occupation.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the drive device includes two drive components; wherein,

[0015] Each drive component corresponds to a support plate, and the drive component is used to drive the support plate corresponding to the drive component to move along the first direction.

[0016] By configuring the drive unit with two drive components, each driving a support plate separately, the structure of the drive assembly can be simplified. When a single drive component drives both support plates simultaneously, uneven load distribution can lead to mechanical stress concentration. Using two drive components allows for more even load distribution, reducing mechanical stress and wear. Each support plate is controlled by an independent drive component, enabling more precise control of its movement. This improves the positioning accuracy and synchronization of the entire telescopic mechanism and reduces the risk of failure due to a single drive component malfunction, thus enhancing its stability and reliability. The two drive components can be independently adjusted and configured to meet different application requirements, making the system more flexible and adaptable to diverse operational needs.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive guide rail, and a slider; wherein,

[0018] The drive rail extends along a first direction, and one end of the drive rail is connected to a motor drive, while the other end is rotatably connected to a mounting base. The motor is used to drive the drive rail to rotate.

[0019] The slider is movably connected to the drive rail along the first direction, and the slider is fixedly connected to the support plate. The drive rail is used to rotate and drive the slider to move the support plate along the first direction.

[0020] This configuration converts rotary motion into linear motion of the slider, improving transmission efficiency. Connecting one end of the drive rail to the motor and the other end to the mounting base creates a simple and compact transmission structure, reducing additional mechanical parts and complexity. The slider and drive rail are movably connected in the first direction, allowing the system to adapt to different loads and stroke requirements, increasing design flexibility. The drive rail provides a stable motion path, ensuring stable and reliable linear motion of the slider and support plate, reducing vibration and deviation. Due to its simple structure, maintenance and repair are easier, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. This design allows for modularization of the drive components, making replacement and upgrades more convenient and adaptable to different application needs.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the mounting base is equipped with a linear guide rail; wherein...

[0022] The linear guide extends along a first direction, and part of the slider's structure is located inside the linear guide and is movably connected to the linear guide in the first direction.

[0023] By using linear guides, a precise motion path can be provided for the slider, ensuring that its movement in the first direction is linear. Linear guides offer additional support and stability, preventing the slider from skewing or wobbling during movement, ensuring smooth and reliable motion. They also reduce the risk of accidental deviations and collisions, improving the safety of the telescopic mechanism.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the slider is provided with linear guide rails on both sides along the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0025] By setting linear guides on both sides of the slider along the second direction, additional support and stability can be provided to the slider on both sides of the slider sliding direction, preventing the slider from tilting or swaying during movement, ensuring that the slider moves more smoothly in the first direction. The double-sided linear guides can effectively prevent the slider from rotating and deviating, ensuring that it moves along the predetermined straight path, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the movement.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the drive guide is a ball screw;

[0027] The slider includes a screw nut that mates with the ball screw.

[0028] By setting the drive track as a ball screw and configuring the slider to include a screw nut, friction loss is significantly reduced through the rolling contact of the balls between the screw and nut, thereby improving transmission efficiency. Due to the low-friction characteristics of the ball screw, wear is minimal, thus extending the service life of the telescopic mechanism and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the drive rail and the mounting base are rotatably connected by bearings.

[0030] By incorporating bearings, friction between the drive rail and the mounting base can be reduced, minimizing clearances and deviations caused by friction and wear, thereby improving the motion accuracy and stability of the telescopic mechanism. Reducing friction and wear extends the service life of the drive rail and other related components, lowers maintenance requirements and costs, and also reduces vibration and noise.

[0031] In one possible implementation, a detection device is also included; wherein,

[0032] The detection device is used to detect the position information of the two support plates.

[0033] By detecting the position information of the two support plates, the movement direction of the two support plates can be controlled according to the position information of the two support parts, so as to achieve precise control.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the detection device includes a proximity switch and a sensing element;

[0035] The sensor is located on the slider;

[0036] The proximity switch is used to detect the position information of the support plate within a preset detection range;

[0037] The preset detection range is determined by the distance from the sensor to the proximity switch.

[0038] By incorporating proximity switches and sensors into the detection device, non-contact detection is achieved, reducing mechanical wear and maintenance needs and improving the reliability and lifespan of the detection device. Proximity switches can accurately detect changes in object position within a preset detection range, providing high-precision and high-sensitivity position information. Installation and adjustment of proximity switches are relatively simple, allowing for easy integration into existing systems and adjustment of the detection range as needed. Due to their non-contact nature, the possibility of malfunctions or false triggers caused by mechanical contact is reduced. Furthermore, proximity switches are generally highly resistant to environmental factors such as dust, oil, and humidity, making them suitable for use in various industrial environments.

[0039] In one possible implementation, a bushing is provided between the support plate and the guide shaft; wherein,

[0040] The bushing is fitted onto the outside of the guide shaft and is movably connected to the guide shaft in the first direction;

[0041] The bushing is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0042] By placing a bushing between the support plate and the guide shaft, friction between them can be reduced, improving motion efficiency. By minimizing direct metal-to-metal contact, the bushing reduces wear and extends the service life of both the support plate and the guide shaft. The bushing absorbs and mitigates vibrations and shocks generated during motion, providing smoother operation and reducing noise. Its simple structure also reduces costs.

[0043] A second aspect of this application provides a fork arm, including the telescopic mechanism of any of the first aspects described above.

[0044] The forklift provided in this application embodiment, by incorporating the telescopic mechanism described in the above embodiment, can adapt to smaller handling spaces and handle larger objects. The support wall of the telescopic mechanism provides additional support to the object being handled, improving stability and safety during the handling process.

[0045] A third aspect of this application provides a forklift, including the fork arm of the second aspect.

[0046] The forklift provided in this application embodiment, by setting the forklift as described in the above embodiment, can adapt to a small handling space and handle large objects. The support wall of the telescopic mechanism can provide additional support to the object being handled, improving stability and safety during the handling process.

[0047] The structure of this utility model, as well as its other utility model objectives and beneficial effects, will become more apparent and understandable through the description of the preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a forklift provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic mechanism when it is opened, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a telescopic mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0054] 1000 - Forklift; 300 - Vehicle body; 200 - Fork arm;

[0055] 100 - Telescopic mechanism; 110 - Mounting base; 111 - Linear guide rail;

[0056] 120 - Guide shaft; 130 - Support plate; 140 - Drive assembly;

[0057] 141-Drive motor; 142-Drive guide rail; 143-Slider;

[0058] 145 - Detection device; 1451 - Proximity switch;

[0059] 1452 - Sensor; 146 - Bushing; 147 - Bearing;

[0060] 148 - Screw nut. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0062] As a core material handling equipment, the forklift's forklift arm design directly determines the safety and stability of handling operations. When there is a significant difference between the safe forklift width of the object being transported and its external width, narrow-body forklift arms have emerged to prioritize forklift access space. The width of narrow-body forklift arms is specially optimized, significantly smaller than that of standard forklift arms and the vehicle body, allowing them to easily enter and operate in scenarios with extremely demanding space requirements, such as dense warehouse racking and tooling pallets on automated production lines.

[0063] It should be noted that "external width" refers to the width of the outer surface of the object to be transported in the forklift's fork-entry direction. The fork-entry direction refers to the direction in which the forks are inserted.

[0064] "Safe fork entry width" refers to the safe width that the forklift can lift when the forks are inserted into the bottom of the object to be moved.

[0065] However, the relatively narrow forklifts are susceptible to inertia, vibration, or bumpy paths when handling large objects, causing uneven stress on the cargo, shift in the center of gravity, and even tipping over, seriously threatening operational safety.

[0066] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a telescopic mechanism, a fork arm, and a forklift. By equipping the forklift with a telescopic mechanism, the forklift can increase support for the object being transported after moving it out from a relatively small safe fork entry width, thereby increasing the stability and safety of the goods during transport.

[0067] The telescopic mechanism, fork arm, and forklift provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] For ease of description, the height direction of the forklift is taken as the z-direction, the fork entry direction is taken as the y-direction, and the extension direction of the telescopic mechanism is taken as the x-direction.

[0069] This utility model embodiment provides a forklift 1000, such as Figure 1 As shown, the forklift 1000 may include a body 300 and fork arms 200. The fork arms 200 are located at the bottom of the body 300. During use, the fork arms 200 can be inserted into the bottom or other positions of the object to be transported by moving the body 300, thus transporting the object to the designated location. The fork arms 200 extend along the fork-in direction (y-direction). A telescopic mechanism 100 is provided on the fork arms 200, which can extend in a direction perpendicular to the fork-in direction (x-direction). This telescopic mechanism 100 widens the fork arms 200 to provide support for the goods being transported, improving the stability and safety of the forklift 1000 during transport.

[0070] It should be noted that, Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, a telescopic mechanism 100 is provided on the fork arm 200. Of course, in other embodiments, multiple telescopic mechanisms 100 can be provided on the fork arm 200, wherein the multiple telescopic mechanisms 100 can be spaced apart along the extension direction (y direction) of the fork arm 200. In the embodiments of this application, the number of telescopic mechanisms 100 provided on the fork arm 200 is not further limited.

[0071] The structure of the telescopic mechanism 100 will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic mechanism when it is opened, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0073] Figure 2 The telescopic mechanism 100 shown is in the retracted state. Figure 3 The telescopic mechanism 100 shown is in the open state.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the telescopic mechanism 100 may include a mounting base 110, a guide shaft 120, two support plates 130, and a drive device (not shown). The mounting base 110 is used for fixed connection with the fork arm 200. The guide shaft 120 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 110 and extends along a first direction. For example, the first direction may be parallel to the width direction of the fork arm 200, or nearly parallel to the width direction of the fork arm 200. For instance, an angle between the first direction and the width direction of the fork arm 200 between 0 and 10 degrees can be considered as the first direction being nearly parallel to the width direction of the fork arm 200.

[0075] exist Figure 2 In the above, the x-direction is the width direction of the fork arm 200. In this embodiment, the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the fork arm 200, that is, the first direction is the x-direction.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, both support plates 130 are movably connected to the guide shaft 120 along a first direction, and the two support plates 130 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction. A drive device is disposed on the mounting base 110, and the drive device is driven to both support plates 130. The drive device is used to drive the two support plates 130 to move along the first direction in a direction that moves them away from or towards each other. Specifically, when the two support plates 130 are at their maximum distance from each other, the distance between the opposite sides of the two support plates 130 in the first direction is greater than the dimension of the fork arm 200 in the first direction, but less than the dimension of the vehicle body 300 in the first direction.

[0077] In other words, when the two support plates 130 are opened to their maximum extent, the distance between the opposite ends of the two support plates 130 is greater than the width of the fork arm 200 and less than the width of the vehicle body 300. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0078] It should be noted that when assembling the telescopic mechanism 100 onto the fork arm 200, the telescopic mechanism 100 can be installed on the fork arm 200 via the mounting base 110. Furthermore, the telescopic direction of the telescopic mechanism 100 is the same as the width direction of the fork arm 200, which is the x-direction in the figure.

[0079] The telescopic mechanism 100 provided in this embodiment can increase the coverage area of ​​the two support plates 130 in the first direction (x direction) by driving them to move away from each other. When the two support plates 130 move closer to each other, the coverage area of ​​the two support plates 130 in the first direction (x direction) can be reduced. When the telescopic mechanism 100 is installed on the fork arm 200, and the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the fork arm 200, the width of the fork arm 200 can be expanded by driving the two support plates 130. In this way, the support portion can increase the contact area between the fork arm 200 and the object being transported, and provide additional support for the object being transported, thereby improving load performance, improving the stability of the object being transported on the fork arm 200, preventing the object being transported from tipping over during transport, and improving operational safety.

[0080] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism 100 does not increase the width of the fork arm 200 when the two support plates 130 are retracted, thereby improving the utilization rate of handling space. In other words, the fork arm 200 can adapt to smaller handling spaces, which broadens its application scenarios and enhances its applicability. In addition, the telescopic mechanism 100 has a simple structure, low cost, compact layout, and small space occupation.

[0081] See also Figure 3 As shown, the driving device may include two driving components 140, wherein each driving component corresponds to a support plate, and the driving component is used to drive the support plate corresponding to the driving component to move along a first direction.

[0082] For ease of description, the two support plates are referred to as the first support plate and the second support plate, respectively, and the two drive components are referred to as the first drive component and the second drive component, respectively. The first drive component is driven and connected to the first support plate, and the second drive component is driven and connected to the second support plate.

[0083] In some embodiments, the drive component 140 corresponding to each support plate 130 can individually drive each support plate 130 to move. For example, the first drive component can drive the first support plate to move a first distance along the x-direction away from the second support plate, and the second drive component can drive the second support plate to move a second distance along the x-direction away from the first support plate. The first distance and the second distance can be the same or different, and can be set according to specific circumstances.

[0084] In other embodiments, the drive assembly 140 corresponding to each support plate 130 can also synchronously drive the two support plates 130 to move. For example, the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly can drive simultaneously, and the first support plate and the second support plate move simultaneously along the x-direction in directions away from or close to each other.

[0085] In this embodiment of the application, the control methods of the first driving component and the second driving component on the first support plate and the second support plate are not further limited.

[0086] By configuring the drive unit to include two drive components 140, each driving a support plate 130, the structure of the drive component 140 can be simplified. When a single drive component 140 simultaneously drives both support plates 130, uneven load distribution may lead to mechanical stress concentration. Using two drive components 140 allows for more even load distribution, reducing mechanical stress and wear. Each support plate 130 is controlled by an independent drive component 140, enabling more precise control of its movement. This improves the positioning accuracy and synchronization of the entire telescopic mechanism 100 and reduces the risk of failure of the entire telescopic mechanism 100 due to the failure of one drive component 140, thus enhancing the stability and reliability of the telescopic mechanism 100. The two drive components 140 can be independently adjusted and configured according to different application requirements, making the system more flexible and adaptable, and capable of meeting diverse operational needs.

[0087] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a telescopic mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 140 may include a drive motor 141, a drive rail 142, and a slider 143. The drive rail 142 extends along a first direction (x-direction), with one end connected to the motor and the other end rotatably connected to the mounting base 110. The motor drives the drive rail 142 to rotate. The slider 143 is movably connected to the drive rail 142 along the first direction (x-direction) and is fixedly connected to the support plate 130. The drive rail 142 rotates to drive the slider 143, causing the support plate 130 to move along the first direction (x-direction).

[0089] For example, the support plate 130 and the slider 143 can be connected by welding, riveting, fastener connection, etc. In this embodiment of the application, the connection method between the support plate 130 and the slider 143 is not further limited.

[0090] By configuring the drive assembly 140 to include a drive motor 141, a drive rail 142, and a slider 143, rotary motion can be converted into linear motion of the slider 143, improving transmission efficiency. Connecting one end of the drive rail 142 to the motor and the other end to the mounting base 110 forms a simple and compact transmission structure, reducing additional mechanical parts and complexity. The slider 143 is movably connected to the drive rail 142 along a first direction (x-direction), allowing the system to adapt to different load and stroke requirements, increasing design flexibility. The drive rail 142 provides a stable motion path, ensuring stable and reliable linear motion of the slider 143 and the support plate 130, reducing vibration and deviation. Due to its simple structure, maintenance and repair become easier, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. This design allows for modularity of the drive assembly 140, making replacement and upgrades more convenient and adaptable to different application needs.

[0091] See also Figure 4 As shown, the mounting base 110 may be provided with a linear guide rail 111, wherein the linear guide rail 111 extends along a first direction (x direction), and a portion of the structure of the slider 143 is located within the linear guide rail 111 and is movably connected to the linear guide rail 111 in the first direction (x direction), for example, through a sliding connection. Exemplarily, the linear guide rail 111 can be a groove or a protrusion structure, and the slider 143 is provided with a protrusion or groove structure that mates with the groove or protrusion structure. This simplifies the structure of the linear guide rail 111, thereby reducing costs.

[0092] By setting the linear guide 111, a precise motion path can be provided for the slider 143, ensuring that the movement of the slider 143 in the first direction (x direction) is linear. The linear guide 111 can provide additional support and stability, preventing the slider 143 from deviating or wobbling during movement, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the movement. The linear guide 111 reduces the risk of accidental deviation and collision, improving the safety of the telescopic mechanism 100.

[0093] In some embodiments, linear guide rails 111 may be provided on both sides of the slider 143 along the second direction (y direction), which is perpendicular to the first direction (x direction). The second direction is the same as the extension direction of the fork arm 200.

[0094] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "perpendicular" refers to vertical in a broad sense, not limited to vertical in a strict geometric sense. Angles between 85° and 95° can be considered as perpendicular to each other.

[0095] By providing linear guide rails 111 on both sides of the slider 143 along the second direction (y direction), additional support and stability can be provided to the slider 143 on both sides of the sliding direction, preventing the slider 143 from tilting or swaying during movement, ensuring that the movement of the slider 143 in the first direction (x direction) is smoother. The double-sided linear guide rails 111 can effectively prevent the slider 143 from rotating and deviating, ensuring that it moves along a predetermined straight path, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the movement.

[0096] In some embodiments, the drive guide 142 may be a ball screw. Correspondingly, the slider 143 may include a screw nut 148 that mates with the ball screw.

[0097] By setting the drive track as a ball screw and including the screw nut 148 in the slider 143, friction loss is significantly reduced through the rolling contact of the balls between the screw and the nut, thereby improving transmission efficiency. Due to the low friction characteristics of the ball screw, wear is less, thus extending the service life of the telescopic mechanism 100 and reducing maintenance requirements.

[0098] Of course, in other embodiments, the drive rail 142 can also be other structures, such as a lead screw, a screw rod, a transmission belt, etc. In this embodiment, the specific structure of the drive rail 142 is not further limited.

[0099] In one possible implementation, the drive rail 142 and the mounting base 110 can be rotatably connected by a bearing 147. Exemplarily, the bearing 147 can be a deep groove ball bearing 147; however, in other embodiments, other types of bearings 147 can also be used, such as tapered roller bearings 147, etc.

[0100] By incorporating bearing 147, friction between the drive rail and mounting base 110 can be reduced, thereby minimizing clearances and deviations caused by friction and wear, and thus improving the motion accuracy and stability of the telescopic mechanism 100. Reducing friction and wear extends the service life of the drive guide rail 142 and other related components, lowers maintenance requirements and costs, and also reduces vibration and noise.

[0101] In one possible implementation, a bushing 146 may be provided between the support plate 130 and the guide shaft 120. The bushing 146 is sleeved on the outside of the guide shaft 120 and is movably connected to the guide shaft 120 along a first direction (x-direction). The bushing 146 is fixedly connected to the support plate 130.

[0102] By providing a bushing 146 between the support plate 130 and the guide shaft 120, friction between the two can be reduced, improving motion efficiency. By reducing direct metal-to-metal contact, the bushing 146 reduces wear and extends the service life of both the support plate 130 and the guide shaft 120. The bushing 146 absorbs and mitigates vibrations and shocks generated during motion, providing smoother operation and reducing noise. The bushing 146 has a simple structure, reducing costs.

[0103] It should be noted that the bearing 147 and the bushing 146 can both be the bearing 147 and bushing 146 in the related technology. In the embodiments of this application, the specific structure of the bearing 147 and the bushing 146 can be referred to the description in the related technology, and will not be further described in the embodiments of this application.

[0104] See also Figure 4 As shown, the telescopic mechanism 100 may also include a detection device 145. The detection device 145 can be used to detect the position information of the two support plates 130. By detecting the position information of the two support plates 130, the movement direction of the two support plates 130 can be controlled according to the position information of the two support parts, thereby achieving precise control.

[0105] For example, the detection device 145 may include a proximity switch 1451 and a sensor 1452. The proximity switch 1451 is disposed on the base, and the sensor 1452 is disposed on the slider 143. The proximity switch 1451 is used to detect the position information of the support plate 130 within a preset detection range. The preset detection range is determined by the distance from the sensor 1452 to the proximity switch 1451.

[0106] It should be noted that since the support plate 130 is connected to the slider 143, and the sensor 1452 is disposed on the slider 143, the position of the sensor 1452, the position of the slider 143, and the position of the support plate 130 can be considered to be the same. The position of the sensor 1452 can represent the position of the support.

[0107] The proximity switch 1451 is used to detect the position information of the support plate 130 within a preset detection range. The preset detection range is determined by the distance from the sensing element 1452 to the proximity switch 1451. Specifically, it can be understood that the proximity switch 1451 only starts detecting the position information of the support plate 130 when the distance from the sensing element 1452 to the proximity switch 1451 is within a certain range. In this embodiment, the preset detection range is not further limited, and can be determined based on the travel of the support plate 130.

[0108] It should be noted that "proximity switch 1451" is a position switch that does not require direct mechanical contact with moving parts, and is the same as the proximity switch 1451 in related technologies. The specific structure and principle can be referred to the proximity switch 1451 in related technologies. In the embodiments of this application, the structure and principle of proximity switch 1451 are not further limited.

[0109] In this embodiment, the proximity switch 1451, through the sensing element 1452, feeds back the real-time position of the support plate 130 and transmits it to the main control board of the forklift 1000, thereby enabling communication and control between the forklift 1000 and the main control board. This allows the entire telescopic mechanism 100 to cooperate with the side-opening and lifting action of the forklift 1000.

[0110] like Figure 4 As shown, one support plate 130 can correspond to one proximity switch 1451, and the number of such switches can be one, two, three, or more. One support plate 130 also corresponds to one sensing element 1452. When one support plate 130 corresponds to more than one proximity switch 1451, multiple proximity switches 1451 can be spaced apart on the base along a first direction. In this embodiment, the number of proximity switches 1451 corresponding to each support plate 130 is not further limited, and can be specifically set according to the stroke of the support plate 130.

[0111] By incorporating a proximity switch 1451 and a sensing element 1452 onto the detection device 145, non-contact detection is achieved through the proximity switch 1451. This reduces mechanical wear and maintenance requirements, improving the reliability and lifespan of the detection device 145. The proximity switch 1451 can accurately detect changes in the position of an object within a preset detection range, providing high-precision and high-sensitivity position information. The installation and adjustment of the proximity switch 1451 are relatively simple, allowing for easy integration into existing systems and adjustment of the detection range as needed. Due to the non-contact nature of the proximity switch 1451, the possibility of malfunctions or false triggers caused by mechanical contact is reduced. Furthermore, the proximity switch 1451 typically exhibits strong resistance to environmental factors such as dust, oil, and humidity, making it suitable for use in various industrial environments.

[0112] Of course, in other embodiments, the detection device 145 may be other devices, such as a distance sensor, a position sensor, an infrared sensor, etc. In this embodiment, the type of detection device 145 is not further limited.

[0113] This application also provides a fork arm 200, including the telescopic mechanism 100 in any of the above embodiments. For example, the fork arm 200 can be a narrow-body fork arm.

[0114] Of course, in other embodiments, the telescopic mechanism 100 can also be applied to a conventional fork arm 200. In this embodiment, the specific type of fork arm 200 is not further limited.

[0115] The forklift 200 provided in this application embodiment, by incorporating the telescopic mechanism 100 described in the above embodiment, can adapt to smaller handling spaces and handle larger objects. The support wall of the telescopic mechanism 100 provides additional support to the object being handled, improving stability and safety during the handling process.

[0116] This application also provides a forklift 1000, including the fork arm 200 in the above embodiments. For example, the forklift 1000 can be a T-type narrow-body single-arm forklift, capable of moving goods in confined spaces.

[0117] The forklift 1000 provided in this application embodiment is suitable for scenarios where the transported object has a narrow fork entry space, including but not limited to the following scenarios.

[0118] Access to Goods in High-Density Storage Racks: In high-density storage, aisles between racks are typically designed to be very narrow to maximize space utilization. Standard forklifts may not be able to enter or operate due to insufficient space. The forklift provided in this embodiment can easily drive into and insert pallets with its narrow-body fork arms 200. The telescopic mechanism 100 on the fork arms extends after picking up goods, effectively increasing the contact area with the bottom of the pallet and preventing goods from tipping over due to instability during high-speed lifting or aisle turns.

[0119] Handling of special structure pallets or carriers: For specialized tooling plates and material racks where the width of the fork entry (or fork slot) is much smaller than the width of the pallet panel or the goods themselves, narrow fork arms are the only feasible fork entry solution. The extension of the telescopic mechanism 100 can provide the necessary lateral support for the wide load-bearing surface, ensuring stability during handling.

[0120] Handling irregular or cylindrical goods: When handling cylindrical goods such as cloth rolls, paper rolls, large cable reels, or heavy equipment with few bottom support points, the narrow fork arm facilitates positioning and insertion. The wider support platform formed when the telescopic mechanism 100 is opened can better support the goods and prevent them from rolling or slipping.

[0121] Pallet handling of specific package sizes in logistics sorting centers: In logistics transit centers, certain categories of goods (such as home appliances and furniture) are uniformly stacked on standard pallets. However, the forklift entry space of the packaging racks used to secure the pallets or the pallets themselves may be very narrow. Simultaneously, stacked goods may extend beyond the pallet boundaries, creating a "suspended" state with poor stability. Narrow fork arms precisely insert into these narrow entry points, and the fork arm insertion port controls the telescopic mechanism to open 100%, increasing the contact area with the bottom of the pallet and distributing force over a wider area. This stabilizes "top-heavy" or "outer-width" goods that are much wider than the pallet itself, ensuring high-speed and safe movement through busy sorting areas.

[0122] Combination Figures 1 to 3 The basic workflow of the forklift 1000 during material handling operations is as follows:

[0123] In use, you can first control the forklift 1000 to move to the object to be transported, so that the telescopic mechanism 100 is in the retracted state (e.g., Figure 2 The fork arm 200 (as shown) is inserted into the fork inlet at the bottom of the object to be transported (such as a pallet) along the fork entry direction (y direction). After the fork arm 200 is inserted into place, the goods can be lifted off the ground by the lifting device of the vehicle body 300, and then the two support plates 130 are driven by the drive assembly 140 to move away from each other along the guide shaft 120 (i.e., the x direction) until they reach the open state (such as...). Figure 3 The maximum spacing (as shown). Of course, in other embodiments, the support plate 130 can be opened first before lifting the goods off the ground, which is not limited here.

[0124] The total width between the outer sides of the two support plates 130 is greater than the width of the fork arm 200 itself, thus expanding the support area laterally. With the widened support formed by the extended telescopic mechanism 100, the goods are stably supported on the fork arm 200. The forklift 1000 can then be controlled to safely transport the goods to their destination.

[0125] Upon reaching the designated location, the goods are first placed down. Then, the two support plates 130 are moved closer together by the drive assembly 140, returning to the retracted state. Finally, the forklift 200 is pulled out from under the goods, completing the entire handling operation.

[0126] The fork arm 200 provided in this application embodiment can adapt to smaller handling spaces and handle larger objects by setting the fork arm 200 in the above embodiment. The support wall of the telescopic mechanism 100 can provide additional support for the object being handled, improving stability and safety during the handling process.

[0127] This application primarily describes a T-type narrow-body single-arm forklift in detail. However, it should be understood that the telescopic mechanism provided by this utility model is not limited to this. This telescopic mechanism can also be applied to other types and structures of forklifts. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the design concept and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0128] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0129] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "having" as used herein, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0130] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A telescopic mechanism, characterized in that, Fork arms for forklifts; the telescopic mechanism includes: Mounting base for fixed connection with the fork arm; A guide shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the guide shaft extends along a first direction; Both support plates are movably connected to the guide shaft along the first direction, and the two support plates are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction; A driving device is disposed on the mounting base, and the driving device is driven connected to both of the support plates. The driving device is used to drive the two support plates to move along the first direction in a direction that moves them away from or towards each other; wherein... When the two support plates are moved away from each other to their maximum distance, the distance between the opposite sides of the two support plates in the first direction is greater than the size of the fork arm in the first direction.

2. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes two driving components; wherein... Each of the driving components corresponds to one of the support plates, and the driving component is used to drive the support plate corresponding to the driving component to move along the first direction.

3. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving assembly includes a drive motor, a drive guide rail, and a slider; wherein... The drive rail extends along the first direction, and one end of the drive rail is connected to the motor drive, and the other end is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The motor is used to drive the drive rail to rotate. The slider is movably connected to the drive rail along the first direction, and the slider is fixedly connected to the support plate. The drive rail is used to rotate and drive the slider to move the support plate along the first direction.

4. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting base is equipped with a linear guide rail; wherein... The linear guide rail extends along the first direction, and a portion of the slider's structure is located within the linear guide rail and is movably connected to the linear guide rail in the first direction.

5. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slider is provided with linear guide rails on both sides along the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

6. The telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The drive guide rail is a ball screw; The slider includes a screw nut that mates with the ball screw.

7. The telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The drive rail and the mounting base are rotatably connected by bearings.

8. The telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, It also includes a detection device; among which, The detection device is used to detect the position information of the two support plates.

9. The telescopic mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The detection device includes a proximity switch and a sensor; The sensing element is disposed on the slider; The proximity switch is used to detect the position information of the support plate within a preset detection range; The preset detection range is determined by the distance from the sensing element to the proximity switch.

10. The telescopic mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A bushing is provided between the support plate and the guide shaft; wherein... The bushing is sleeved on the outside of the guide shaft and is movably connected to the guide shaft along the first direction; The bushing is fixedly connected to the support plate.

11. A fork arm, characterized in that, Includes the telescopic mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-10.

12. A forklift, characterized in that, Includes the fork arm as described in claim 11.

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