Gravity oil separator for water

Abstract

The application relates to a gravity type oil and dirt separation tank for water, which comprises a floating oil tank and a water level balance tank, the floating oil tank has a water inlet side and a water outlet side, the water inlet side is communicated with a drainage hole of an underground powerhouse, the top of the water outlet side is provided with an underflow weir, a preset gap is formed between the bottom of the underflow weir and the bottom of the floating oil tank, and a water passing hole is formed; the water level balance tank is located at the water outlet side of the floating oil tank and is communicated with the water passing hole, an overflow weir is arranged in the water level balance tank, the overflow weir is away from the underflow weir by a preset distance, and the side, away from the underflow weir, of the overflow weir is communicated with a drainage box culvert; the height of the overflow weir is defined as H1, the distance between the underflow weir and the bottom of the floating oil tank is defined as H2, and the height difference between the bottom plate of the drainage hole of the underground powerhouse and the bottom of the floating oil tank is defined as H3, so that H1>H2 and H3>H2; the gravity type oil and dirt separation tank can separate oil and dirt from seepage water through self weight without energy consumption, and the adverse influence of the mixed oil and dirt on the seepage drainage system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydropower station engineering technology, specifically to a gravity-type oil-water separation tank for water flow. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering projects such as hydropower stations, the "clean water separation" drainage design concept is commonly adopted. This involves collecting and treating clean seepage water from the rock walls separately from oily wastewater. Theoretically, seepage water from the rock walls does not contain oil and can be directly discharged outside the tunnel without treatment. However, during the actual construction, installation, operation, and maintenance phases, small amounts of oil, such as lubricating grease and hydraulic oil, inevitably get washed away or leak to the ground and mix with the clean seepage water, flowing into the seepage drainage system together. Although the concentration of this small amount of oil is not high, it brings significant technical challenges and negative impacts to the entire system. For example, oil easily adheres and deposits in pipes, pumps, and other parts. Long-term accumulation may lead to pipe blockage, reduced pump efficiency, weakened drainage capacity in emergency situations, potential threats to plant safety, and adverse effects such as exceeding environmental emission standards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a gravity-type oil-water separation tank that allows for the separation of oil and seepage water by gravity without consuming energy, thereby reducing the adverse effects of oil contamination on the seepage drainage system.

[0004] The gravity-type oil-sludge separation tank with water flow provided in this application includes: an oil floating tank, which has an inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet side is connected to the drainage hole of the underground plant. A bottom flow weir is provided at the top of the outlet side. There is a preset gap between the bottom of the bottom flow weir and the bottom of the oil floating tank, forming a water flow hole. A water level balancing tank is located on the outlet side of the oil spill tank and is connected to the water passage. An overflow weir is provided in the water level balancing tank. There is a preset distance between the overflow weir and the bottom weir, and the side of the overflow weir away from the bottom weir is connected to the drainage culvert. The height of the overflow weir is defined as H1, the distance between the bottom weir and the bottom of the oil spill tank is defined as H2, and the height difference between the bottom plate of the underground plant drainage tunnel and the bottom of the oil spill tank is defined as H3. Then H1, H2 and H3 satisfy: H1 > H2, H3 > H2.

[0005] In addition, the gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow provided in this application may also have the following additional technical features: In one alternative embodiment, the oil slick further includes a drainage culvert bottom slab, drainage culvert side walls, and a steel grating. The drainage culvert side walls are located on both sides of the drainage culvert bottom slab, and the drainage culvert side walls are made of reinforced concrete. The top side of the drainage culvert side wall has a pre-set mounting platform for installing the steel grating, and the steel grating is segmented and installed within the mounting platform.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom flow weir includes a weir body, a lintel, and supporting piers; the lintel is a reinforced concrete structure, and both ends of the lintel are connected to the side walls of the drainage culvert on both sides respectively; the weir body is constructed between the lintel and the steel grating and seals the gap between them; the supporting piers are close to the side walls of the drainage culvert and are constructed between the lintel and the bottom slab of the drainage culvert.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the overflow weir has an inclined slope on the side facing the drainage culvert, and the gap between the overflow weir and the steel grating forms an overflow weir water passage. The overflow weir is constructed using a masonry structure. The drainage culvert has a drainage culvert top plate and a drainage culvert bottom plate on the top and bottom sides facing the overflow weir, respectively.

[0008] In one alternative, there are multiple oil spill pools, which are arranged sequentially from the underground plant drainage tunnel to the water level balancing pool.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The gravity-type oil-water separation tank described in this application fully utilizes the characteristic that oil has a lower density than seepage water by setting up a floating oil tank and a water level balancing tank in the drainage tunnel of the underground plant. Without generating energy consumption, the oil and seepage water are separated by their own weight. The floating oil accumulates in the floating oil tank and can be cleaned regularly, while the seepage water can be continuously discharged, thereby reducing the adverse effects of oil mixing on the seepage drainage system.

[0010] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gravity-type oil-water separation tank in a specific embodiment. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the gravity-type oil-water separator at position AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the gravity-type oil-water separator at position BB; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gravity-type oil-water separation tank in another specific embodiment.

[0012] Attached reference numerals: 1. Floating oil tank; 11. Bottom flow weir; 111. Weir body; 112. Liner beam; 113. Support pier; 12. Water passage hole; 13. Drainage culvert bottom plate; 14. Drainage culvert side wall; 15. Steel grating; 2. Underground plant drainage tunnel; 3. Water level balance tank; 31. Overflow weir; 32. Overflow weir water passage hole; 4. Drainage box culvert; 41. Drainage box culvert top plate; 42. Drainage box culvert bottom plate.

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0017] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0018] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0019] like Figure 1-4As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow. The gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow mainly includes an oil flotation tank 1 and a water level balancing tank 3. The oil flotation tank 1 has an inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet side is connected to the drainage hole 2 of the underground plant. The top of the outlet side is provided with a bottom flow weir 11. There is a preset gap between the bottom of the bottom flow weir 11 and the bottom of the oil flotation tank 1, forming a water passage hole 12. The water level balancing tank 3 is located on the outlet side of the oil flotation tank 1 and is connected to the water passage hole 12. An overflow weir 31 is provided in the water level balancing tank 3. There is a preset distance between the overflow weir 31 and the bottom flow weir 11. The side of the overflow weir 31 away from the bottom flow weir 11 is connected to the drainage culvert 4. The water level balancing tank 3 controls the water level of the water level balancing tank 3 and the oil flotation tank 1 to maintain a constant value through the overflow weir 31. Then, the treated groundwater without oil pollution can be discharged into a natural water body through the drainage culvert 4.

[0020] If we define the height of the overflow weir 31 as H1, the distance between the bottom weir 11 and the bottom of the floating oil tank 1 as H2, and the height difference between the bottom plate of the underground plant drainage tunnel 2 and the bottom of the floating oil tank 1 as H3, then H1, H2 and H3 satisfy: H1 > H2, H3 > H2.

[0021] In this embodiment, the gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow takes full advantage of the fact that the density of oil is lower than that of seepage water by using the floating oil tank 1 and the water level balance tank 3 set in the drainage hole 2 of the underground plant. Without generating energy consumption, the oil and seepage water are separated by their own weight. The floating oil accumulates in the floating oil tank 1 and can be cleaned regularly, while the seepage water can be continuously discharged, thereby reducing the adverse effects of oil mixing on the seepage drainage system.

[0022] More specifically, this embodiment utilizes gravity flow design to achieve continuous and efficient physical separation of trace amounts of oil in leaked water under zero-energy consumption conditions. This ensures that the vast majority of clean leaked water can be directly discharged in compliance with standards, reducing the load on the downstream oily wastewater treatment system. Simultaneously, it prevents the accumulation of oil in drainage pipes and pumps, directly mitigating the risks of pipe blockage and equipment performance degradation, and guaranteeing the long-term operational safety and reliability of the leak drainage system.

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the oil slick tank 1 further includes a drainage culvert bottom plate 13, drainage culvert side walls 14, and a steel grating 15. The drainage culvert side walls 14 are located on both sides of the drainage culvert bottom plate 13, and are constructed of reinforced concrete. A mounting platform for installing the steel grating 15 is pre-set on one side of the top of the drainage culvert side wall 14, and the steel grating 15 is segmented and installed within the mounting platform. The segmented design of the steel grating 15 greatly facilitates the daily maintenance and oil sludge cleaning of the oil slick tank 1. Operators can flexibly open the grating segment by segment to directly and efficiently remove the accumulated oil slick. The so-called oil slick 1 is a pool in which oil and seepage water separate by gravity. The oil floats to the top, while the seepage water is discharged through the water passage 12 on one side of the bottom of the bottom weir 11. A platform for installing a steel grating 15 is provided at the top of the drainage culvert sidewall 14. The steel grating 15 is installed on top of the drainage culvert sidewall 14. The steel grating 15 is installed in sections, closing during operation to isolate external objects and prevent them from falling into the pool; it is also easy to lift and remove the oil floating on the top of the oil slick 1 when cleaning oil.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the bottom flow weir 11 includes a weir body 111, a lintel 112, and a support pier 113. The lintel 112 is a reinforced concrete structure, and both ends of the lintel 112 are connected to the drainage culvert sidewalls 14 on both sides. The weir body 111 is built between the lintel 112 and the steel grating 15, sealing the gap between them. The support pier 113 is close to the drainage culvert sidewall 14 and is built between the lintel 112 and the drainage culvert bottom plate 13. The bottom flow weir 11 has a stable structural design, and a reliable force-bearing system is formed through the lintel 112 and the support pier 113, ensuring the long-term stability of the water passage 12 structure. It can withstand long-term water flow impact and structural loads, preventing the separation effect from decreasing due to structural deformation, thereby ensuring the stability of the oil-water separation process and the service life of the device.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the overflow weir 31 has an inclined slope on the side facing the drainage culvert 4. The gap between the overflow weir 31 and the steel grating 15 forms the overflow weir water passage 3212. The overflow weir 31 is constructed using masonry. The drainage culvert 4 has a drainage culvert top plate 41 and a drainage culvert bottom plate 42 on the top and bottom sides facing the overflow weir 31, respectively. The inclined slope overflow weir 31 design enables smooth and uniform overflow, effectively preventing eddies and turbulence generated when the water falls from the surface, which would carry away the separated floating oil back into the clear water layer. This improves the efficiency of oil-water separation and the reliability of the effluent quality, further ensuring that the external drainage meets environmental protection standards.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, in one specific embodiment, there are multiple oil flotation tanks 1, arranged sequentially from the underground plant drainage tunnel 2 to the water level balancing tank 3. For example, the oil flotation tank 1 may include a primary oil flotation tank and a secondary oil flotation tank. When there is a large amount of oil pollution, the oil separation consists of three sections: the primary oil flotation tank, the secondary oil flotation tank, and the water level balancing tank 3. The modular design of multi-stage oil flotation tanks 1 connected in series has the significant advantage of giving the oil separation device excellent adaptability and processing capacity redundancy. The more oil flotation tanks 1 there are, the better the oil separation effect. That is to say, the number and size of the oil flotation tanks 1 can be increased or decreased according to the actual situation. The specific number of oil flotation tanks 1 is not specifically limited in this article.

[0027] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A gravity-type oil-water separation tank with flowing water, characterized in that, include: An oil spill containment tank has an inlet side and an outlet side. The inlet side is connected to the drainage tunnel of the underground plant. A bottom flow weir is provided at the top of the outlet side. There is a preset gap between the bottom of the bottom flow weir and the bottom of the oil spill containment tank, forming a water passage hole. A water level balancing tank is located on the outlet side of the oil spill tank and is connected to the water passage. An overflow weir is provided in the water level balancing tank. There is a preset distance between the overflow weir and the bottom weir, and the side of the overflow weir away from the bottom weir is connected to the drainage culvert. The height of the overflow weir is defined as H1, the distance between the bottom weir and the bottom of the oil spill tank is defined as H2, and the height difference between the bottom plate of the underground plant drainage tunnel and the bottom of the oil spill tank is defined as H3. Then H1, H2 and H3 satisfy: H1 > H2, H3 > H2.

2. The gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil spill pool also includes a drainage culvert bottom plate, a drainage culvert side wall, and a steel grating. The drainage culvert side wall is located on both sides of the drainage culvert bottom plate, and the drainage culvert side wall and the drainage culvert side wall are made of reinforced concrete. The top side of the drainage culvert side wall has a pre-set mounting platform for installing the steel grating, and the steel grating is set in sections within the mounting platform.

3. The gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom flow weir includes a weir body, a lintel, and supporting piers; the lintel is a reinforced concrete structure, and both ends of the lintel are connected to the side walls of the drainage culvert on both sides respectively; the weir body is built between the lintel and the steel grating and seals the gap between them; the supporting piers are close to the side walls of the drainage culvert and are built between the lintel and the bottom plate of the drainage culvert.

4. The gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The overflow weir has an inclined slope on the side facing the drainage culvert, and the gap between the overflow weir and the steel grating forms an overflow weir water passage hole. The overflow weir is constructed of masonry. The drainage culvert has a drainage culvert top plate and a drainage culvert bottom plate on the top and bottom sides facing the overflow weir, respectively.

5. The gravity-type oil-water separation tank with water flow according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, There are multiple oil spill pools, which are arranged sequentially from the underground plant drainage tunnel to the water level balancing pool.

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