A combined ion exchange treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a utility model discloses a kind of combined ion exchange treatment systems, comprising: raw water conveying module: containing raw water pool, pump, the flowmeter of pump outlet water end and filter;Weak positive column pretreatment module includes parallel weak positive column, inlet water end is connected filter;Yin column processing module includes parallel yin column, inlet water end is connected weak positive column, pipeline string with pH meter's pH adjusting tank;Chelate column processing module includes parallel chelate column, inlet water end is connected yin column, pipeline string with pH meter's pH adjusting tank;Regeneration module: a regeneration column is respectively connected weak positive column, yin column and chelate column;Cleaning discharge module: connect regeneration column bottom, containing pump and supporting flowmeter;Control auxiliary module: containing pipeline valve (controller control), pipeline filter, middle / bottom drain. Regeneration column and supporting cleaning agent conveying, drainage control device are set, can be regenerated to resin, restore the ion exchange capacity of resin, thereby reduce long-term operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a combined ion exchange treatment system, belonging to the field of ion exchange technology. Background Technology

[0002] The wastewater generated during the production processes of industries such as electroplating and other surface treatment, PCB and integrated circuit industries, and large non-ferrous metallurgical production enterprises is diverse in pollutants, especially various heavy metal ions, which are far more difficult to treat than general industrial wastewater. In order to facilitate management and control, my country has concentrated most enterprises in industrial parks, including electroplating, surface treatment, and integrated circuit industries. However, this has also led to a greater variety of wastewater pollutants and more volatile pollutant emissions, further increasing the difficulty of wastewater treatment. For the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, due to the increasingly diverse sources of raw materials, its wastewater treatment also faces the same problem. Although environmental standards require wastewater to be pretreated separately according to its quality, actual production conditions dictate that the combined wastewater after separate treatment still contains all types of pollutants. Due to the presence of various heavy metal ions, organic matter, especially heavy metal complexes formed with them, high concentrations of inorganic salts, petroleum products, nitrates, amines, etc., it is very difficult to treat this wastewater to the highest industry emission standards for heavy metal content, such as the Electroplating Pollutant Emission Standard (GB21900-2008) Table 3 standard and the Copper, Nickel and Cobalt Industry Pollutant Emission Standard (GB25467-2010) Special Emission Limits.

[0003] Currently, common technologies and methods used both domestically and internationally for treating this type of wastewater include chemical, extraction, membrane, and ion exchange methods.

[0004] (a) Chemical method: Most industrial enterprises use chemical methods to treat nickel-containing wastewater. The chemical method involves adding sodium hydroxide or lime milk (calcium hydroxide) to the nickel-containing wastewater to adjust the pH of the wastewater to a level greater than 9, and then adding flocculants to cause the heavy metals in the wastewater to settle out of the wastewater in the form of sludge. In order to further reduce the content of heavy metal ions in the wastewater, heavy metal capture agents (mostly sulfides) also need to be added.

[0005] The characteristics of heavy metal-containing wastewater are the instability of the concentration and discharge volume of various pollutants, and the significant variations in the concentration and flow rate of controlled substances. Even if theoretically, chemical agents could remove most of the controlled substances like heavy metals from the wastewater, current detection technologies make real-time tracking of pollutant concentrations and flow rates extremely difficult. This leads to situations where the dosage cannot keep pace with changes in the concentration and quantity of controlled substances, resulting in either substandard effluent or excessive dosage, making it difficult to control treatment costs. Therefore, the problem with using a single chemical method to treat heavy metal-containing wastewater is the difficulty in achieving stable compliance with treatment standards. Thus, chemical methods can only serve as a pretreatment method; to achieve stable and deep removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater, it is necessary to combine them with other treatment methods.

[0006] (ii) Extraction method: The heavy metal ions in the wastewater are transferred to the organic phase containing the extractant by extraction, thereby removing the heavy metal ions in the wastewater. However, the disadvantage of the extraction process is that it introduces the extractant and solvent into the system, and it is difficult to remove the heavy metal ion content in the wastewater to the high standard requirements.

[0007] (III) Membrane method: Using multi-stage reverse osmosis membranes (RO membranes), electrodialysis membranes (ED membranes), and nanofiltration membranes can reduce the content of heavy metal ions in heavy metal wastewater to extremely low levels. However, it will produce a large amount of concentrated liquid containing high concentrations of metal ions. Except for evaporation and concentration to make the heavy metals into solid salts, these concentrated liquids are difficult to treat to meet the discharge standards.

[0008] (iv) Ion Exchange Method: Traditional ion exchange methods use cation exchange resins or chelate ion exchange resins, and employ conventional ion exchange systems and processes. This method is only suitable for treating heavy metal-containing wastewater from workshops with simple water composition. For complex wastewater containing heavy metals, it suffers from problems such as easy resin contamination and poisoning, short service life, frequent regeneration, and a gradual decline in resin exchange capacity; there are almost no successful application cases. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online cleaning ion exchange treatment system.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: an ion exchange treatment system, comprising: The raw water delivery module includes a raw water tank, a pump connected to the raw water tank, and a flow meter and a filter located at the outlet of the pump. The weak anode column pretreatment module includes at least three weak anode columns connected by pipes and valves, with the inlet end of the weak anode column connected to the outlet end of the filter via a pipe. The anion column treatment module includes at least three anion columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the anion column is connected to the outlet end of the weak cation column by a pipe. An adjustment tank for adjusting pH is connected in series on the pipe. A pH meter is installed on the adjustment tank. The chelation column treatment module includes at least three chelation columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the chelation column is connected to the outlet end of the anion column by a pipe. An adjustment tank for adjusting pH is connected in series on the pipe. A pH meter is installed on the adjustment tank. The outlet end of the chelation column treatment module is connected to a discharge tank. The regeneration module includes a regeneration column, which is connected by pipelines to the weak cation column pretreatment module, the anion column treatment module, and the chelation column treatment module. The bottom pipeline of the regeneration column is connected to a pump and a level gauge for conveying cleaning agent, and the regeneration wastewater pipeline is connected to the raw water tank. The cleaning and discharge module has a pipeline connected to the bottom of the regeneration column and includes a pump for conveying cleaning water or discharge water, and a flow meter that works in conjunction with the pump. The control auxiliary module includes multiple valves installed in the pipeline for controlling the flow of fluid, multiple pipeline filters, a middle drain and a bottom drain. The pipeline filters are used to filter impurities in the pipeline, and the middle drain and bottom drain are used to control the drainage of the column. The valves are controlled by a remote controller or manually.

[0011] More preferably, the pH adjustment tank includes a first pH adjustment module, a second pH adjustment module and a third pH adjustment module; the first pH adjustment module includes a first pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter and connected to the first pH adjustment tank, the outlet end of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the anion column treatment module and the inlet end of the first pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet end of the weak cation column treatment module. The second pH adjustment module includes a second pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the second pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the chelation column treatment module, and the inlet pipeline of the second pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the anion column treatment module. The third pH adjustment module includes a third pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter installed on the third pH adjustment tank, and a discharge tank connected to the third pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the discharge tank is connected to the pipelines of the weak cation column pretreatment module, the anion column treatment module, and the chelation column treatment module to provide column washing water. The inlet pipeline of the third pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the chelation column treatment module.

[0012] More preferably, the weak anode pretreatment module includes a first weak anode, a second weak anode, and a third weak anode connected by pipelines and valves. The inlet ends of the first, second, and third weak anodes are connected to the outlet end of the filter via pipelines. The outlet ends of the first, second, and third weak anodes are connected to a first pH adjustment module via pipelines.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the anion column treatment module includes pipelines that connect the first anion column, the second anion column, and the third anion column via pipelines and valves for on / off switching. The inlet pipelines of the first anion column, the inlet pipelines of the second anion column, and the inlet pipelines of the third anion column are connected to the outlet pipelines of the first pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipelines of the first anion column, the outlet pipelines of the second anion column, and the outlet pipelines of the third anion column are connected to the second pH adjustment module.

[0014] More preferably, the chelation column processing module includes a first chelation column, a second chelation column, and a third chelation column connected by pipelines and valves; the inlet pipes of the first chelation column, the inlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the inlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the outlet pipes of the second pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipes of the first chelation column, the outlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the outlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the third pH adjustment module.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the regeneration column is respectively connected to the first weak anode column, the second weak anode column, the third weak anode column, the first anion column, the second anion column, the third anion column, the first chelating column, the second chelating column, and the third chelating column via pipelines.

[0016] Further preferably, the control auxiliary module also includes a pressure gauge or pressure sensor, with the first pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the inlet end of the weak anolyte column and the outlet end of the filter, the second pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the first pH adjustment module and the anion column treatment module, and the third pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the second pH adjustment module and the chelation column treatment module.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Through a multi-stage ion exchange process of weak cation column pretreatment → anion column treatment → chelation column treatment, the wastewater containing heavy metals is gradually and deeply purified. It can more thoroughly remove impurities such as cations, anions and heavy metal ions from the wastewater, significantly improve the quality of the effluent, and meet the requirements of subsequent discharge or biological treatment.

[0018] The system is equipped with a pH adjustment tank (including a mixer, pH meter, and level gauge), flow meter, pressure gauge / pressure sensor, and other monitoring and control devices. It can monitor and precisely adjust process parameters such as pH value, flow rate, level, and pressure in real time, realize automated operation, reduce human intervention errors, and improve the stability and controllability of system operation.

[0019] The system is equipped with a regeneration column and a matching cleaning agent delivery and drainage control device, which can regenerate the resin in the anion and chelation columns, restore the resin's ion exchange capacity, extend the resin's service life, reduce the frequency of resin replacement, and thus reduce long-term operating costs.

[0020] Wastewater from regeneration and column washing is led to a chemical pretreatment system through a dedicated pipeline to avoid direct discharge of wastewater and environmental pollution. After treatment, the treated water can be either "discharged" or "enter the biochemical system," realizing the resource utilization or compliant discharge of wastewater, which aligns with the concepts of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0021] Multiple valves are used to precisely control the flow and direction of fluid in each branch, and pipeline filters are used to filter impurities in the pipeline, reducing the risk of pipeline blockage. The central and bottom drains precisely control the drainage of the column, reducing the probability of column failure, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system, and facilitating daily maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; In the diagram: 1 to 83 are valves; M is a mixer; PC1 to PC3 are pressure gauges or pressure sensors; PH1 to PH8 are pH meters; ORP1 to 0RP2 are redox electrode potentiometers; L1 to L4 are flow meters; LC1 to LC4 are level gauges; K1 is a central drain. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The equipment connection and process of an ion exchange system can be divided into three main stages: raw water pretreatment, ion exchange column treatment, and regeneration and auxiliary adjustment. Each stage is connected by pumps, valves, and pipelines, and the operating parameters are monitored by instruments (pressure, pH, flow rate, liquid level, etc.), as detailed below: I. Raw Water Pretreatment Stage The combined wastewater containing heavy metals first enters the raw water tank, and is then transported to the reaction tank 1 by pump 1 (equipped with flow meter L1). PAC (polyaluminum chloride) and H2SO4 are added to the reaction tank 1, and the agitator (M) in the tank stirs and mixes the reagents to ensure that the reagents react fully with the wastewater. Subsequently, the wastewater flows into the flotation tank.

[0024] The air flotation tank generates microbubbles through compressed air and dissolved air pump to achieve air flotation separation (scum is discharged into the scum tank); after air flotation, the wastewater enters the reaction tank 2, and NaOH, NaClO and flocculant are added to the reaction tank 2. After being stirred by the agitator (M) in the tank, the wastewater flows into the sedimentation tank 1 and then into the reaction tank 3.

[0025] Activated carbon, H2SO4, FeSO4, NaOH and flocculant are added to reaction tank 3. After further reaction in reaction tank 3 (equipped with a mixer M), wastewater flows into sedimentation tank 2, sludge is discharged into "sludge removal tank containing heavy metals", and supernatant flows into transfer tank.

[0026] The liquid level in the transfer tank is monitored by LC1 (liquid level gauge). Pump 2 (equipped with flow meter L2) delivers the water in the transfer tank to the filter. The filter outlet pressure is monitored by PC1 (pressure gauge / pressure sensor). After filtration, the water enters the ion exchange column treatment section.

[0027] II. Ion Exchange Column Treatment Stage 1. Weak positive candlestick group After filtration, the water flows to the weak cation exchange column group (including weak cation column 1, weak cation column 2, and weak cation column 3). Each weak cation exchange column controls the water inlet, water outlet, and regeneration process through valves (such as valves numbered 1-24) to achieve the initial exchange and removal of cations.

[0028] 2. pH Adjustment Tank 1 and Anion Column Assembly After treatment by the weak cation exchange column, the water flows to pH adjustment tank 1, where H2SO4 is added to adjust the pH. The tank is stirred and mixed by a mixer (M). The liquid level is monitored by LC2 (liquid level gauge) and the pH is detected by PH5 (pH meter). Then, it is pumped by pump 3 (with flow meter L3) to the anion exchange column group (including anion exchange column 1, anion exchange column 2 and anion exchange column 3).

[0029] The anion exchange column is controlled by valves (such as valves numbered 25-48) to achieve the exchange removal of anionic heavy metals.

[0030] 3. pH adjustment tank 2 and chelation column assembly After treatment by the anion column, the water flows to pH adjustment tank 2, where NaOH is added to adjust the pH. The tank is stirred and mixed by a stirrer (M). The liquid level is monitored by LC3 (liquid level gauge), and the pH is detected by PH6 (pH meter). Then, it is pumped by pump 4 to the chelation column group (including chelation column 1, chelation column 2, and chelation column 3). Each weak cation column controls the inlet, outlet, and regeneration process through valves (such as valves numbered 49-80), and removes heavy metal ions through the chelation reaction.

[0031] After treatment by the chelation column assembly, the effluent can be either discharged directly or further treated in a biological system.

[0032] III. Regeneration and Assisted Regulation Stage 1. Regeneration System The regeneration of ion exchange columns (weak cation, anion, and chelate columns) is completed by the regeneration column: the regeneration column is equipped with a stirrer (M), a central drainer (K1), a level gauge (LC4), and a pump 6 (with a flow meter L6) to deliver cleaning agents (HCl, H2SO4, NaOH, NaCl, etc.) to the regeneration column, so as to realize the recycling / treatment of regeneration and column washing wastewater according to the process.

[0033] 2. Auxiliary adjustment The water in the discharge tank can be discharged after the pH is adjusted by pH adjustment tank 3 (equipped with mixer M and pH meter PH8); or it can be pumped by pump 5 (equipped with flow meter L5) to deliver "column washing water" for the cleaning process of ion exchange columns.

[0034] Functions of Instruments and Valves Instruments: PC1 - PC3 (pressure gauge / pressure sensor) monitor pressure, PH1 - PH8 (pH meter) monitor pH, ORP1 - ORP2 (oxidation-reduction electrode potentiometer) monitor oxidation-reduction potential, L1 - L4 (flow meter) monitor flow rate, LC1 - LC4 (level gauge) monitor liquid level.

[0035] Valves: Valves numbered 1-83 control the connection and switching of various equipment and pipelines, enabling the opening, closing, or regeneration switching of processes.

[0036] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any transformations or substitutions that can be conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined ion exchange treatment system, characterized in that, include: The raw water delivery module includes a raw water tank, a pump connected to the raw water tank, and a flow meter and a filter located at the outlet of the pump. The weak anode column treatment module includes at least three weak anode columns connected by pipes and valves, wherein the inlet end of the weak anode column is connected to the outlet end of the filter via a pipe. The anion column treatment module includes at least three anion columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the anion column is connected to the outlet end of the weak cation column by a pipe. An adjustment tank for adjusting pH is connected in series on the pipe. A pH meter is installed on the adjustment tank. The chelation column treatment module includes at least three chelation columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the chelation column is connected to the outlet end of the anion column by a pipe. An adjustment tank for adjusting pH is connected in series on the pipe. A pH meter is installed on the adjustment tank. The outlet end of the chelation column treatment module is connected to a discharge tank. The regeneration module includes a regeneration column, which is connected by pipelines to the weak cation column pretreatment module, the anion column treatment module, and the chelation column treatment module. The bottom pipeline of the regeneration column is connected to a pump and a level gauge for conveying cleaning agent, and the regeneration wastewater pipeline is connected to the raw water tank. The cleaning and discharge module has a pipeline connected to the bottom of the regeneration column and includes a pump for conveying cleaning water or discharge water, and a flow meter that works in conjunction with the pump. The control auxiliary module includes multiple valves installed in the pipeline for controlling the flow of fluid, multiple pipeline filters, a middle drain and a bottom drain. The pipeline filters are used to filter impurities in the pipeline, and the middle drain and bottom drain are used to control the drainage or inflow of water into the column. The valves are controlled by a remote controller or manually.

2. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH adjustment tank includes a first pH adjustment module, a second pH adjustment module and a third pH adjustment module; the first pH adjustment module includes a first pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter and connected to the first pH adjustment tank, the outlet of the pump is connected to the anion column treatment module pipeline and the inlet pipeline of the first pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the weak cation column. The second pH adjustment module includes a second pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the second pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the chelation column treatment module, and the inlet pipeline of the second pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the anion column treatment module. The third pH adjustment module includes a third pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter installed on the third pH adjustment tank, and a discharge tank connected to the third pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the discharge tank is connected to the pipelines of the weak cation column treatment module, the anion column treatment module, and the chelation column treatment module to provide column washing water. The inlet pipeline of the third pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the chelation column treatment module.

3. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weak anode treatment module includes a first weak anode, a second weak anode, and a third weak anode connected by pipes and valves. The inlet ends of the first, second, and third weak anodes are connected to the outlet end of the filter via pipes. The outlet ends of the first, second, and third weak anodes are connected to a first pH adjustment module via pipes.

4. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anion column treatment module includes a first anion column, a second anion column, and a third anion column connected by pipes and valves. The inlet pipes of the first anion column, the inlet pipes of the second anion column, and the inlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the outlet pipes of the first pH adjustment module. The outlet pipes of the first anion column, the outlet pipes of the second anion column, and the outlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the second pH adjustment module.

5. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chelation column processing module includes a first chelation column, a second chelation column, and a third chelation column connected by pipes and valves; the inlet pipes of the first chelation column, the inlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the inlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the outlet pipes of the second pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipes of the first chelation column, the outlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the outlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the third pH adjustment module.

6. The ion exchange treatment system according to claim 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that, The regeneration columns are respectively connected to the first weak anode column, the second weak anode column, the third weak anode column, the first anion column, the second anion column, the third anion column, the first chelation column, the second chelation column, and the third chelation column via pipelines.

7. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control auxiliary module also includes a pressure gauge or pressure sensor. The first pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the inlet end of the weak cation column and the outlet end of the filter. The second pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the first pH adjustment module and the anion column treatment module. The third pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the second pH adjustment module and the chelation column treatment module.

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