Surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ground water pretreatment devices under complex drainage condition, comprising: coarse grid mechanism, sand setting area, cyclone separator, fine filtering mechanism and water quality measurement module;Sand setting area is set in the drainage side of coarse grid mechanism, cyclone separator is set in the drainage side of sand setting area, fine filtering mechanism is set in the drainage side of cyclone separator, and the drainage side of fine filtering mechanism is set temporary storage water tank.It is a continuous processing flow, and combined with water quality measurement module, monitoring before processing and after processing is carried out, realize multi-stage efficient processing, and then improve effluent water quality, and realize preliminary judgment to water quality, convenient for instant adjustment processing device;Multi-stage structure design in series, realize the balanced share of processing load, guarantee anti-impact load capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water treatment equipment technology, and in particular to a surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common technologies for surface water pretreatment mainly include the following: Single-grid or screen filtration: This method uses one or more grids or screens to intercept floating objects and larger suspended particles in the water. However, it can only remove larger impurities, has limited effectiveness, and is easily clogged, requiring frequent cleaning. Traditional grit chambers utilize the principle of gravity settling to allow denser inorganic particles such as sand and gravel in the water to settle. However, they typically occupy a large area, and their settling efficiency is sensitive to changes in water flow velocity. Conventional filters can effectively remove fine suspended solids and achieve deep filtration, but their main problem is that when treating surface water with high turbidity and high impurity load, the filter media will clog quickly, greatly shortening the filtration cycle and reducing the overall operating efficiency and processing capacity of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a surface water pretreatment device for complex drainage conditions to solve the technical problems of existing technologies being unable to cope with complex drainage conditions and having low treatment efficiency. To provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended as a general commentary, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a prelude to the detailed description that follows.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions is provided, comprising: a coarse screen mechanism, a sedimentation zone, a cyclone separator, a fine filtration mechanism, and a water quality measurement module; The coarse screen mechanism is located inside the inlet, the sedimentation zone is located on the drainage side of the coarse screen mechanism, and the bottom of the sedimentation zone is a sedimentation hopper inclined towards the discharge port. The cyclone separator is located on the drainage side of the sedimentation zone, the fine filtration mechanism is located on the drainage side of the cyclone separator, and a temporary storage tank is located on the drainage side of the fine filtration mechanism, which is located inside the outlet. The water quality measurement module consists of a front measurement unit and a rear measurement unit. The front measurement unit is located inside the water inlet, and the rear measurement unit is located inside the temporary storage tank.

[0005] Furthermore, the aforementioned surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions further includes: a shell, with the water inlet provided on one side of the shell, and the water outlet and the slag discharge port provided on the other side of the shell, the slag discharge port being located below the water outlet.

[0006] Furthermore, the coarse screen mechanism includes: a primary screen, a secondary screen, and a screen cleaning mechanism; the primary screen is composed of several parallel bars with a bar spacing of 20-50mm; the secondary screen is located downstream of the primary screen and is composed of a perforated plate with a mesh diameter of 5-20mm; the screen cleaning mechanism includes: cleaning rakes disposed on the primary screen and / or the secondary screen, and a motor for driving the cleaning rakes to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, at least one guide plate is provided in the settling zone. The guide plate is inclined and has a zigzag flow channel. The settling hopper is located between the guide plate and the slag discharge port.

[0008] Furthermore, the fine filtration mechanism includes: a filtration chamber, a support layer, and a collection box; the interior of the filtration chamber is filled with filter media; the support layer is disposed below the filter media and is made of gravel or pebbles; the collection box is disposed at the bottom of the filtration chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions further includes: a backwashing mechanism; the backwashing mechanism is connected to the fine filtration mechanism; the backwashing mechanism includes: a backwashing water pipe, a backwashing drain pipe, and a control valve assembly, the two ends of the backwashing water pipe are respectively connected to the water pump and the bottom of the filter chamber, the backwashing drain pipe is connected to the top of the filter chamber, and the control valve assembly is installed on the backwashing water pipe and the backwashing drain pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, both the cyclone separator and the backwash drain pipe are connected to the slag discharge port, and a screw conveyor is installed at the slag discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, a flow regulating weir plate is provided at the water inlet.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. A continuous treatment process is formed by using a coarse screen mechanism, a sedimentation zone, a cyclone separator, and a fine filtration mechanism. Combined with a water quality measurement module, pre- and post-treatment monitoring is performed to achieve multi-stage efficient treatment, thereby improving the quality of the effluent. It also enables preliminary judgment of water quality, facilitating timely adjustment of the treatment device. 2. The multi-stage series structure design achieves balanced distribution of treatment load. When the influent water quality or quantity fluctuates, the front coarse screen and grit chamber can first intercept most of the impact load, protecting the downstream cyclone separator and fine filtration mechanism. The entire device can maintain stable treatment effect and effluent water quality under complex drainage conditions, ensuring resistance to impact load. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the primary grid of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary grid of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0016] like Figure 1-4 As shown in some illustrative embodiments, a surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions is provided, including: a housing 100, a coarse screen mechanism 200, a sedimentation zone 300, a cyclone separator 400, a fine filtration mechanism 500, a water quality measurement module, and a backwashing mechanism.

[0017] An inlet 110 is provided on one side of the shell 100. The inlet 110 is connected to an external water intake pipe or channel. Its size and shape are optimized according to the design flow rate to ensure that the raw water can enter the device smoothly and evenly, avoiding excessive local flow velocity impact. An outlet 120 and a sludge discharge port 130 are provided on the other side of the shell 100. The outlet 120 is located at a relatively high position and is used to discharge the clean water after multi-stage purification. The sludge discharge port 130 is located below the outlet 120, so that the denser solid waste separated inside the device can collect to the bottom of the shell by its own gravity and finally be discharged uniformly through the lower sludge discharge port 130.

[0018] A coarse screen mechanism 200 is installed inside the inlet 110 to intercept larger solid wastes in the raw water. Specifically, the coarse screen mechanism 200 includes a primary screen 210, a secondary screen 220, and a screen cleaning mechanism.

[0019] The primary screen 210 consists of several parallel bars made of stainless steel to resist the impact and corrosion of water flow. The bar spacing is 20-50mm, ensuring effective interception of larger debris that pose a threat to subsequent equipment such as water pumps and hydrocyclones, such as plastic bottles, cloth, and branches. While ensuring interception effectiveness, smaller impurities are allowed to pass through, preventing the screen from being completely clogged by a large amount of debris in a short time, thereby reducing the frequency of cleaning.

[0020] The secondary screen 220 is located downstream of the primary screen 210; that is, water flows through the primary screen 210 and then passes through the secondary screen 220. The secondary screen 220 consists of a perforated plate with an aperture of 5-20 mm. It removes medium-sized suspended solids discharged from the primary screen 210, such as smaller plastic fragments, leaves, and paper scraps. The 5-20 mm aperture design significantly reduces the suspended solids content in the water. Through the separation of impurities of different sizes at different stages by the primary screen 210 and the secondary screen 220, the load on each stage is more reasonable, resulting in a more stable and efficient operation of the entire system.

[0021] The bar screen cleaning mechanism includes: cleaning rakes 240 mounted on the primary bar screen 210 and / or the secondary bar screen 220, and a motor 250 driving the cleaning rakes 240 to rotate. Traditional bar screen cleaning relies on manual labor, which is labor-intensive and slow to respond. The cleaning rakes 240 are specifically a set of components with teeth of a specific shape, whose tooth profile matches the bar spacing of the primary bar screen 210 or the mesh size of the secondary bar screen 220. The motor 250 drives the cleaning rakes 240 to rotate via existing transmission mechanisms such as chains, gears, or slewing bearings. As the cleaning rakes 240 rotate past the bar screen surface, their teeth penetrate into the bar gaps or mesh openings, scraping off debris hanging or stuck on them. With the continued rotation of the cleaning rakes 240, the debris is carried away from the bar screen's working surface. This achieves timely cleaning and avoids problems such as upstream water level spikes and sharp reductions in water flow caused by bar screen blockage.

[0022] The settling zone 300 is located on the drainage side of the coarse screen mechanism 200. After the coarse screen mechanism 200 intercepts and removes large floating and suspended objects in the water, the water flows into the settling zone 300. The settling zone 300 is used to remove denser inorganic particles, mainly sand, gravel, and slag, before the water flows into the more refined treatment unit. The bottom structure of the settling zone 300 is a settling hopper 310 inclined towards the slag discharge port 130, ensuring that the settled sand particles slide along the slope towards the slag discharge port 130 under the influence of water flow disturbance or their own gravity, facilitating subsequent unified slag discharge.

[0023] At least one guide plate 320 is installed within the sedimentation zone 300. The guide plate 320 is inclined between 30° and 60°, allowing the water flow to follow the guidance of the guide plate 320 and form a longer flow trajectory. A zigzag flow channel 330 is formed on the guide plate 320. At the bend of the zigzag, due to centrifugal force, denser sand particles will more easily detach from the water flow and collide with the flow channel wall or settle directly. The sedimentation hopper 310 is located between the guide plate 320 and the slag discharge port 130, ensuring that the settled sand particles can slide into the hopper without obstruction, avoiding the formation of dead corners and accumulation on the plane.

[0024] The hydrocyclone separator 400 is located on the drainage side of the settling zone 300. The hydrocyclone separator 400 uses centrifugal force to further remove substances in the water that are slightly denser than water but have smaller particle sizes and are difficult to settle naturally by gravity in the settling zone 300, such as fine sand, fly ash, and other fine inorganic suspended matter.

[0025] The fine filtration mechanism 500 is located on the drain side of the cyclone separator 400, and a temporary water storage tank 800 is provided on the drain side of the fine filtration mechanism 500. The temporary water storage tank 800 is located inside the outlet 120. The fine filtration mechanism 500 includes: a filtration chamber 510, a support layer 520, and a collection box 530.

[0026] The filtration chamber 510 is filled with filter media 540. Depending on the water quality requirements, different materials and particle sizes of filter media can be selected, such as quartz sand, anthracite, activated carbon, ceramsite, or fiber balls. The filter media 540 fills the upper space of the filtration chamber 510, forming a filter bed of a certain thickness. A support layer 520 is located below the filter media 540. The support layer 520 is made of gravel or pebbles, specifically composed of screened gravel or pebbles with gradually increasing particle size from top to bottom, laid in layers. A collection box 530 is located at the bottom of the filtration chamber 510. It is a funnel-shaped box structure or a box with a water collection pipe, used to collect the clean water filtered through the filter media layer and the support layer.

[0027] The water quality measurement module consists of a front measurement unit 610 and a rear measurement unit 620. The front measurement unit 610 is located inside the inlet 110 and is used to measure the raw water quality characteristics in real time. The rear measurement unit 620 is located inside a temporary storage tank 800. The water in the temporary storage tank 800 is the final treated water after a series of treatments including coarse screen, sedimentation, cyclone separation, and fine filtration. The water flow in the tank is stable and undisturbed, providing a stable measurement environment for the rear measurement unit 620 and accurately reflecting the final effect of the entire treatment process. This allows the central control system of the device to simultaneously receive data from both units and perform real-time comparative analysis. By calculating the parameter differences or removal rates before and after treatment, the system can determine the current operating status and efficiency of the treatment process.

[0028] The front measurement unit 610 is specifically an integrated probe assembly with a robust protective housing, internally configured with a sensor probe array that integrates multiple sensors with different functions, such as turbidity sensors, pH sensors, and conductivity sensors. The rear measurement unit 620 is a submersible probe array connected to the device's central control system via a cable, internally integrating turbidity sensors, pH sensors, suspended solids sensors, conductivity sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, etc.

[0029] During long-term operation, the filter media 540 inside the fine filtration unit 500 gradually traps and accumulates a large amount of suspended solids, leading to filter layer blockage, decreased filtration efficiency, and increased head loss. The backwashing mechanism is connected to the fine filtration unit 500 to regenerate the filter media. The backwashing mechanism includes: a backwash water pipe 710, a backwash drain pipe 720, and a control valve assembly.

[0030] The two ends of the backwash water pipe 710 are connected to the water pump and the bottom of the filter chamber 510, respectively, and the backwash drain pipe 720 is connected to the top of the filter chamber 510. The control valve group is installed on the backwash water pipe 710 and the backwash drain pipe 720. When the downstream measuring unit 620 (such as a differential pressure sensor or turbidity meter) detects that the blockage of the filter chamber 510 reaches a preset threshold, the control system triggers the backwash program: the control valve group operates, first closing the normal inlet and outlet valves of the fine filtration mechanism 500, cutting off the inflow of the water to be treated and the outflow of the treated water; then opening the valves on the backwash water pipe 710 and the backwash drain pipe 720, the water pump starts, and high-pressure clean water flows into the bottom of the filter chamber 510 through the backwash water pipe 710, so that the dirt trapped on the surface of the filter media is effectively stripped off under the action of friction and shear force; the turbid wastewater carrying the stripped dirt overflows from the top of the filter chamber 510 and flows into the backwash drain pipe 720.

[0031] The hydrocyclone separator and the backwash drain pipe 720 are both connected to the slag discharge port 130. A screw conveyor 140 is installed at the slag discharge port 130, and the slag is collected and transported through the unified slag discharge port 130 and the screw conveyor 140.

[0032] A flow regulating weir plate 150 is installed at the inlet 110. By lowering the height of the weir plate, the maximum flow rate entering the device can be limited, ensuring that it remains within the design processing capacity.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions, characterized in that, include: The system includes a coarse screen mechanism, a sedimentation zone, a hydrocyclone separator, a fine filtration mechanism, and a water quality measurement module. The coarse screen mechanism is located inside the inlet, the sedimentation zone is located on the drainage side of the coarse screen mechanism, and the bottom of the sedimentation zone is a sedimentation hopper inclined towards the discharge port. The cyclone separator is located on the drainage side of the sedimentation zone, the fine filtration mechanism is located on the drainage side of the cyclone separator, and a temporary storage tank is located on the drainage side of the fine filtration mechanism, which is located inside the outlet. The water quality measurement module consists of a front measurement unit and a rear measurement unit. The front measurement unit is located inside the water inlet, and the rear measurement unit is located inside the temporary storage tank.

2. The surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The housing has an inlet on one side and an outlet and a slag discharge port on the other side, with the slag discharge port located below the outlet.

3. The surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coarse screen mechanism includes: a primary screen, a secondary screen, and a screen cleaning mechanism; the primary screen is composed of several parallel bars with a bar spacing of 20-50mm; the secondary screen is located downstream of the primary screen and is composed of a perforated plate with a mesh diameter of 5-20mm; the screen cleaning mechanism includes: a cleaning rake disposed on the primary screen and / or the secondary screen, and a motor for driving the cleaning rake to rotate.

4. The surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one guide plate is provided in the settling zone. The guide plate is inclined and has a zigzag flow channel. The settling hopper is located between the guide plate and the slag discharge port.

5. A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fine filtration mechanism includes: a filtration chamber, a support layer, and a collection box; the filtration chamber is filled with filter media; the support layer is located below the filter media and is made of gravel or pebbles; the collection box is located at the bottom of the filtration chamber.

6. A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Backwashing mechanism; The backwashing mechanism is connected to the fine filtration mechanism; the backwashing mechanism includes: a backwashing water pipe, a backwashing drain pipe and a control valve group, the two ends of the backwashing water pipe are respectively connected to the water pump and the bottom of the filter chamber, the backwashing drain pipe is connected to the top of the filter chamber, and the control valve group is installed on the backwashing water pipe and the backwashing drain pipe.

7. A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cyclone separator and the backwash drain pipe are both connected to the slag discharge port, and a screw conveyor is installed at the slag discharge port.

8. A surface water pretreatment device under complex drainage conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, A flow regulating weir is installed at the water inlet.

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